Processing Of Vegetable Products Research Articles

Pemberdayaan Kelompok Wanita Tani Cendawan 31 Melalui Peningkatan Produksi Sayuran Dan Pendapatan Di Kota Pangkalpinang

The concept of urban farming refers to the practice of farming in urban areas, which is usually done on limited land such as house yards, rooftops or vacant lots in the city. Urban farming aims to meet the very high food needs of urban communities when there is a scarcity of land for food production in urban areas. The demand for vegetables is not matched by vegetable production, resulting in inflation. Some of the obstacles faced by KWT Cendawan 31 include: vegetable farming is not yet commercially oriented, management is still simple, motivation and awareness of members are still low, production patterns are not well planned, vegetable price information is still limited, marketing channels are not efficient and simple and limited promotion of vegetable products. This farmer women group empowerment program aims to increase vegetable production & income. The methods used in this program are active participatory methods, mentoring and counseling on vegetable production processes from upstream to downstream. The success of the work program carried out was able to overcome the problem of the lack of creativity and innovation of the Cendawan 31 Women Farmers Group (KWT) in developing the planting of types of vegetables, the low production of vegetables in the area of the Cendawan 31 Women Farmers Group (KWT) and being able to arrange a planting schedule, choosing the right type of plant and rotating the planter.

KETERGANTUNGAN PETANI SAYURAN TERHADAP TENGKULAK SEBAGAI PATRON-KLIEN DALAM KEGIATAN PERTANIAN (STUDI KASUS DESA WAKULI KECAMATAN KAPONTORI KABUPATEN BUTON)

The income of vegetable farmers in Wakuli Village comes from production results and the prices received by farmers. Efficient management and increased production should have an impact on farmer welfare. However, in reality the exchange rate and the existence of farmers are often neglected in the economic system, especially in the distribution system for vegetable crops, so they are unable to provide positive profits. The aim of this research is to analyze the role of middlemen from the perspective of vegetable farmers and to determine the type of dependency of vegetable farmers as patron-clients. The informants in this research consisted of 1 key informant from village officials, the main informant consisted of 7 vegetable farmers and 3 middlemen, as well as 1 supporting informant from the head of the farmer group. The data collection techniques used in this research are observation, interviews and documentation. The instruments in this research were an interview guide, writing tools and recording equipment. Data analysis uses the Miles and Huberman interactive data analysis model. The research results show that middlemen in agricultural activities in Wakuli Village have an active role as capital owners, buyers and marketers. There are several types of middleman roles that are considered to be able to help farmers in dealing with economic and social problems. The role of the middleman covers all aspects (production, marketing, financial and social) needed by farmers in Wakuli Village. In the vegetable production process, farmers depend on capital provided by middlemen and in the marketing process the vegetables are sold to middlemen. Of all the farmers who were informants in this research, on average, they channeled their vegetable harvests to middlemen.

Religious Attitudes Towards Ethical Problems in the Greenhouse Vegetable Cultivation in Türkiye

The main purpose of this study is to determine the level of influence of religious sensitivity regarding the ethical problems of greenhouse vegetable cultivation and to investigate the possibility of religious contribution to the solution of ethical problems arising on the ground of greenhouse cultivation. Religious sensitivities of greenhouse vegetable growers, where physical conditions are controlled and industrial production is dominant, were analyzed through main categories such as daily life and religion, pesticides and health, genetics and nature. The study aims to provide a background reading of specific moral issues in the context of religious sensitivity analysis.
 The data were collected by means of questionnaires arranged in accordance with the purpose, by interviewing 430 producers growing vegetables in greenhouses within the borders of Antalya province located in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey. An index was created to analyze the religious mentality of greenhouse vegetable growers and to show their religious sensitivity levels in solving ethical problems. The characteristics of the producers, their attitudes and behaviors in the production process are known as the factors that affect the religious sensitivity towards the ethical problems of greenhouse vegetable cultivation. These factors were tested with a multiple linear regression model whose dependent variable was the religious sensitivity index.
 Producers who think that they are praying while doing their work in the greenhouse vegetable production process and quit their job to perform the Friday Prayer have been found to be more religiously sensitive to ethical issues than other producers. Religion was found to be important in the daily lives of the producers and it was stated that religion affected behaviors on the basis of mentality. The level of religious sensitivity was determined to be quite high, that a mistake they made in greenhouse vegetable growing activities would be punished not only in the hereafter but also in this world. This situation shows that in order to overcome the ethical problems in greenhouse vegetable cultivation, the strategies to be followed should be considered within the religious framework. In the linear regression model, it can be said that the producers with high school and undergraduate education levels have higher religious sensitivity to the ethical problems of greenhouse vegetable cultivation compared to the producers with primary education level. Certain experiences of greenhouse vegetable growers may be linked to their general religious attitudes. In this respect, it can be said that the religious sensitivity of the producers, who have been doing greenhouse cultivation for a long time, towards ethical problems is more important than the less experienced ones.
 The religious sensitivity index for greenhouse vegetable cultivation is the first in the literature. The religious sensitivity index, whose relationships are analyzed in the form of daily life and religious perception, genetics and nature, greenhouse vegetable production and the hereafter, chemical spraying and health, non-compliance with the spraying time and seeing the return in life, moral consistency and market conditions, seems to have the potential to guide further studies.

URBAN FARMING: ALTERNATIVE SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS AFTER THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The Covid-19 pandemic that has occurred in Indonesia has brought many significant impacts on human life in various aspects of people's lives. Policies during the pandemic such as Work from Home (WFH) and Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) have also had a socioeconomic impact on the community, including the most basic needs, namely food. On the other hand, agricultural land that continues to be eroded for the benefit of development and the age of farmers who are on average old whose ability to grow them is declining also play a role in the decline in food. The threat of a food crisis is now gradually beginning to haunt the entire society. Based on Global Hunger Indonesia (GHI) data, the hunger rate of people in Indonesia is in the serious category even though it has decreased from 24.9% (2010) to 20.1% in 2019. Indonesia must remain vigilant against the threat of famine that can trigger various kinds of major issues such as health, social and security. Urban farming is a gardening concept by utilizing the space in the house or settlement. Based on the foregoing, urban farming is very supportive and gives positive appreciation because it has proven to provide more benefits for the community in the midst of a pandemic. A number of studies also mention that urban farming can be an ideal agricultural concept in the future. In addition to the considerable benefits of urban farming, the main challenges in urban farming are determining how to monitor, regulate, and minimize risks in environmental, economic, and socio-environmental forms and understanding how urban farming can be sustainable in urban food systems globally. Urban agriculture can increase the value of food locality and reduce the energy spent in the fruit and vegetable production process. Therefore, the city government has an important role in providing specific regulations to support the implementation of sustainable urban farming.

Effects of reducing nitrogen application and adding straw on N2O emission and soil nitrogen leaching of tomato in greenhouse

Excessive input of nitrogen(N) fertilizer and improper selection of fertilizer types in the greenhouse vegetable production process will lead to a large amount of N loss. In order to relieve the environmental pollution caused by N loss, a planting experiment was carried out in a solar greenhouse in Shouguang, Shandong, China, to investigate the effects of N-reducing fertilizer and straw application on greenhouse vegetable yield and soil N loss, and to explore the fate of N after fertilizer application using the 15N isotope tracing technique. The experiment was planted for two seasons from July 2017 to June 2018 with four treatments: control (CK), conventional fertilizer (CN), reduced N topdressing (SN), and reduced N topdressing + straw (SNS). The results indicated that N reduction fertilizer and straw application resulted in a 35.25%–35.49% reduction in total N2O emissions and 15.76%–41.77% reduction in mineral N leaching losses. 15N isotopes as tracers showed that the maximum abundance in N2O was reduced by 58.5% and 55.68% for SN and SNS, respectively, and cumulative N2O emissions were reduced by 80.44% and 81.67%, respectively, and mineral N leaching was reduced by 74.4% and 70.48%, respectively, after fertilization compared to CN treatment. There was no significant difference in tomato yield between the three fertilizer treatments in the two growing seasons. Therefore, in greenhouse vegetable production, the amount of N fertilizer was reduced by 40.7% and the addition of straw reduced N2O emissions and N leaching without affecting tomato yields.

Study of zoned tomato varieties in order to obtain a biologically active additive - lycopenecontaining dry powder

The development of technology for obtaining a biologically valuable product (lycopene containing dry powder) based on the processing of vegetable products (tomato pomace) will undoubtedly have a beneficial effect on the successful development of science and new technologies of the domestic market of the republic, and the introduction of the developed technology and the release of new products (lycopene containing dry powder), has great social and economic significance, since safe, with a natural health-improving effect products have a beneficial effect on human health, labor productivity and provide an effective basis for the development and improvement of the economy of the state. Considering that the use of these products in the daily consumer diet of people is very vital. Kazakhstan does not have an effective technology for deep processing of fruit and vegetable products, including tomatoes, and the available technologies are not perfect, therefore, useful indicators and demand for such products is falling. The purpose of the work is to develop a technology for deep processing of zoned tomato varieties after processing them to obtain a lycopene-containing dry powder from pomace in order to enrich food products. As a result of the research carried out, for the development of technology for obtaining high-value lycopene-containing dry powder, zoned tomato varieties bred at the Kazakh Research Institute of Potato and Vegetable Growing were selected, in particular, such varieties as: "Leader", "Samaladai", "Dream", "Surprise", "Wonderful" and "Amber". To develop a technology for obtaining a high-value lycopene containing dry powder, 3 zoned varieties were selected, according to the highest content of β-carotene, i.e., varieties: "Samaladai" with a carotene content of 1.43 mg/100g, "Leader" - 1.16 mg/100g and "Amber" - 0.91 mg/100g, which will be further studied and used to develop a technology for deep processing of tomatoes, to obtain a dry powder suitable for food enrichment from BAS-lycopene pomace.

Examining the financial relationships between producers and commission agents in the greenhouse vegetable farming industry in Turkey

PurposeThis paper is intended to investigate the economic, organizational and social factors affecting the receipt of advance payment by greenhouse vegetable producers from commission agents operating in the wholesale market.Design/methodology/approachThe data were gathered through questionnaire forms developed for this specific purpose through face-to-face interviews with 180 producers growing greenhouse vegetables in the central district and Serik, Antalya in the Western Mediterranean Region of Turkey. A logistic regression model was employed to analyse the factors affecting the likelihood of greenhouse vegetable growers getting advance from commission agents.FindingsA good financial status of enterprises producing greenhouse vegetables and the fact that their production input needs are met by cooperatives reduce their dependence on commission agents, thereby increasing their bargaining power when selling their products. Since producers can readily meet their need for the capital required for the vegetable production process from commission agents, they do not prefer to borrow from lending institutions making agricultural loans with requirements such as collateral. The fact that greenhouse vegetable farmers receive technical and market information and advice from commission agents strengthens their relationship with them.Originality/valueIt is the first study that evaluates in detail the financial aspect of the relationships between producers and commission agents in the greenhouse vegetables wholesale market. It contributes significantly to agricultural policymakers regarding the functioning of the greenhouse vegetable market, and in particular, the regulations on agricultural loans for production processes.

Smart ecosystem for hydroponic land in the hydroponic farmers group guided by CSR PT. Otsuka Indonesia as an improved quality and quantity of harvest results

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a community development program managed by PT. Otsuka Indonesia, one of which is form a hydroponic farmer community. In the activity of fostering hydroponic farmers there are several problems, namely the process of plant nursery, seeding, and harvesting are still carried out conventionally, while the assisted farmers do not have much time to supervise because they have a core job. Based on these problems, this study will focus on solving the problem of hydroponic plant supervision that can be known directly by farmers and also from the CSR of PT. Otsuka Indonesia. In completing the research, the steps carried out were based on the CRISP-DM (Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining) methodology. The factors used in solving the problem are the type of hydroponic plants, the acidity of the soil, the intensity of sunlight, the ambient temperature of the hydroponic plants, the water level and periodic reporting as needed in the form of a Smart Ecosystem. For this reason, it is necessary to build a device from an Arduino microcontroller based on IoT so that supervision of the hydroponic planting process can be done without having to be in hydroponic land and get reports every period of the development of hydroponic plants in the application. By using this device, it is hoped that many hydroponic farmers will use it so that during the hydroponic vegetable production process it can be in accordance with the old standards of the nursery until it is worth selling.

A decision support framework for the design and operation of sustainable urban farming systems

The increasing population and continuous urbanization make food security prominent in sustainable development. It is important to develop economic and resource-efficient farming solutions to meet food demand. Renewable energy and waste valorization may bring benefits to build sustainable food production systems and facilitate circular economy. This work aims to develop a decision support framework for the stakeholders to quantitatively assess and optimize their urban farming systems for efficient investment and operation. The proposed framework is based on a holistic system model that considers the energy and material consumption in vegetable production processes and the economic and environmental performance of urban farming systems. In the multi-dimensional assessment model, the net present value and cradle-to-gate CO2 emission, water consumption, and land occupation of different configurations of urban farming systems were assessed. In a further development, the assessment model was embedded in an optimization framework to identify the optimal system design and operation. The optimal crop mix and the corresponding cultivation set points (such as temperature, humidity, irradiance, illumination time, and CO2 concentration) for the farming modules were determined via optimization. To demonstrate the proposed framework, a case study on the design and operation of a vertical farm in Singapore was carried out. The case study examined alternative farming systems with glass-enclosed vs window-free structural design, grid vs solar photovoltaic (PV) energy supply, and traditional chemical fertilizers vs food waste compost fertilization. Results showed that plant-factory farming systems integrated with solar PV and beer-residue-derived fertilizer could be a promising and sustainable farming solution for Singapore as a tropical megacity.

Evaluating Production Process Efficiency of Provincial Greenhouse Vegetables in China Using Data Envelopment Analysis: A Green and Sustainable Perspective

The evaluation of vegetable production process efficiency is of great significance for energy saving and waste reduction in production processes. However, few studies have considered the effect of greenhouse vegetable production process efficiency on energy saving and waste reduction. In this paper, data envelopment analysis (DEA) is used to analyze the production process efficiency and the effective use of input elements of greenhouse vegetables at the provincial level in China. The results reveal that many chemical fertilizers, farmyard manure, and pesticides in China are inefficient. On the other hand, the pure technical efficiency of greenhouse tomatoes and cucumbers is low in most areas of China. Meanwhile, the scale efficiency of greenhouse eggplants and greenhouse peppers is low in most areas of China. In order to save energy and develop green sustainable agriculture, we put forward some suggestions to improve the production efficiency of greenhouse vegetables in different provinces.

A Cloud-Based Digital Farm Management System for Vegetable Production Process Management and Quality Traceability

Farm Management Information Systems (FMISs) are being expanded to improve operation efficiency, reduce inputs, and ensure compliance with standards and regulations. However, this goal is difficult to attain in the vegetable sector, where data acquisition is time-consuming and data at different stages is fragmented by the potential diversity of crops and multiple batches cultivated at any given farm. This applies, in particular, to farms in China, which have small areas and low degrees of mechanization. This study presents an integrated approach to track and trace production efficiently through our Digital Farm Management System (DFMS), which adopts the cloud framework and utilizes Quick Response (QR) codes and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. Specifically, a data acquisition system is proposed that runs on a smartphone for the efficient gathering of planting information in the field. Moreover, DFMS generates statistics and analyses of planting areas, costs, and yields. DFMS meets the FMIS requirements and provides the accurate tracking and tracing of the production for each batch in an efficient manner. The system has been applied in a large-scale vegetable production enterprise, consisting of 12 farms distributed throughout China. This application shows that DFMS is a highly efficient solution for precise vegetable farm management.

Evaluation the sustainable energy applications for fruit and vegetable productions processes; case study: Greenhouse cucumber production

Reducing fossil fuel application and also CO2 emissions are two main purposes of global energy politics. In this context, the provision of sustainable energy practices in vegetable productions is a very important subject in terms of food safety. Fruits and vegetables are called crops in agricultural activities. In this study, greenhouse cucumber production was assessment to determine the energy saving direction and also to find the interactions of the cucumber chemical structure with energy using and the impact of solar energy potential absorbed in photosynthesis on the performance of the cucumber production process with thermodynamic concept by using advanced exergy-based methods. It is also the first attempt to investigate the crop production processes with renewable and non-renewable energy sources. Data were collected from 30 cucumber greenhouses in Golshan city, Isfahan province of Iran (located within 51° 39′ north latitude and 31° 56′ east longitude) using face to face questionnaire method. According to the results of this study, cumulative degree of perfection (CDP) increased from 0.23 to 0.47, exergy efficiency from 0.18 to 0.30 and renewability indicator (RI) from −3.32 to −1.09 when the greenhouse cucumber production process was included renewable energies. The loss of exergy, however, decreased from 4809.18 MJ to 2415.41 MJ. The advantages of the presented applied method were compared with the conventional methods. The results showed that the advanced exergy-based analysis is more meaningful and effective tool for performance evaluation of vegetables than conventional approaches. Based on the guideline of this study, performance can be improved with respect to energy use in vegetable production processes.

Injured Foodborne Pathogens in the Vegetable Production Process

Injured Foodborne Pathogens in the Vegetable Production Process

Oligosphaera ethanolica gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic, carbohydrate-fermenting bacterium isolated from methanogenic sludge, and description of Oligosphaeria classis nov. in the phylum Lentisphaerae

A mesophilic, obligately anaerobic, carbohydrate-fermenting bacterium, designated 8KG-4(T), was isolated from an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor treating high-strength organic wastewater from salted vegetable production processes. Cells of strain 8KG-4(T) were non-motile, spherical and 0.7-1.5 µm in diameter (mean, 1.0 µm). Spore formation was not observed under any culture conditions tested. The strain grew optimally at 37 °C (range for growth 25-40 °C) and pH 7.0 (range, pH 6.5-7.5), and could grow fermentatively on glucose, ribose, xylose, galactose and sucrose. The main end products of glucose fermentation were acetate, ethanol and hydrogen. Organic acids, alcohols and amino acids were not utilized for growth. Yeast extract was not required for growth. Nitrate, sulfate, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur, sulfite and Fe(III) nitrilotriacetate were not used as terminal electron acceptors. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 61.1 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis revealed that the isolate represented a previously uncultured lineage at the subphylum level within the phylum Lentisphaerae known as 'WWE2 subgroup I'. The major cellular fatty acids were anteiso-C(15 : 0), iso-C(16 : 0), C(16 : 0) and anteiso-C(17 : 0). Respiratory quinones were not detected. The most abundant polar lipid of strain 8KG-4(T) was phosphatidylethanolamine. A novel genus and species, Oligosphaera ethanolica gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed to accommodate strain 8KG-4(T) ( = JCM 17152(T) = DSM 24202(T) = CGMCC 1.5160(T)). In addition, we formally propose Oligosphaeria classis nov. and the subordinate taxa Oligosphaerales order nov. and Oligosphaeraceae fam. nov.

QUALITY ASPECTS OF VEGETABLES AND FRUIT IN POLAND

Since accession of Poland to European Union (EU) in 2004 vegetables and fruit produced in Poland and intended for fresh market supply or for export have to meet the EU quality requirements and food safety legislation. Official quality control system of vegetables and fruit in Poland is based on the principle of product quality assurance at all stages of production - from producer to consumer. Producers are responsible for product quality and safety. The Main Inspectorate for Agricultural and Food Quality Inspection - as well as other state control institutions in Poland -control the quality assurance process and are responsible for protection of consumer. Fresh vegetables and fruits produced for consumers in Poland have to meet the quality parameters according to requirements given in European Council Regulation Nr 2200/96. According to nationwide examination conducted in 2005 by state inspection bodies in wholesales, supermarkets and retail, about 31-39 % of total vegetables volume and 24-25 % of total fruit volume did not meet the commercial quality requirements. Commercial quality of horticultural products was found to be lower in retail and supermarkets if compared to wholesales and distribution centers. Product quality can be controlled during the vegetable production process and in supply chain by developing and implementation of food safety and quality standards such as EUREPGAP (Good Agriculture Practices), International Food Standard (IFS), British Retail Consortium (BRC), Good Hygienic Practice (GHP) and others. To improve the quality management in horticultural production local or international projects are introduced in Poland. Since 2004 the 'Qualiman' project has been developed in Poland and in other new EU member countries. It aims at contribution to uniform quality management in onion and apples production chains.

QUEST FOR VIRUSES ASSOCIATED WITH OUR FOOD SUPPLY

ABSTRACTWe looked for viruses associated with foods during processing and retailing. Novel test methods included inoculating up to 1.4 ml of sample extract per square centimeter of tissue culture monolayer and transferring inoculum from one type of culture to another. Some viruses, apparently of animal origin and noninfectious for man, were found in two of five plants processing animal products. Samples representing processing of vegetable products (two plants), intestinal infections in processing personnel (13 plants), and retail foods (a total of 60 samples purchased from five stores) gave negative results. The level of human viruses associated with the U.S. food supply is apparently below what such a survey can detect.