Vegetable Marketing System Research Articles

Enhancing Vegetable Sales Forecasting with A CNN-LSTM-Transformer Hybrid Model

Due to the short shelf life of vegetable products, a significant portion of the inventory cannot be resold the following day. To facilitate more informed procurement decisions in superstores and minimize vegetable wastage, this study proposes a hybrid prediction model based on CNN-LSTM-Transformer for enhancing the accuracy of forecasting vegetable sales volumes. Firstly, an LSTM model is incorporated to account for the recurring and seasonal variations in vegetable sales. Secondly, a CNN model is introduced to address the limitations of LSTM in capturing spatial data components. The convolutional and pooling layers of CNN help establish spatial relationships among different feature values in the dataset. Finally, a Transformer model is integrated to tackle the issue of long-term dependencies, which LSTM alone struggles to resolve. The Transformer model employs a parallel attention mechanism, eliminating temporal dependencies and effectively addressing LSTM's long-term dependency challenge. This integration also accelerates model training. The evaluation metric employed in this paper is RMSE (Root Mean Square Error). The three-year sales volume of 11 vegetable types is predicted using seasonal ARIMA, XGBoost, LSTM, CNN-LSTM, and CNN-LSTM-Transformer models. The results indicate that the CNN-LSTM-Transformer model achieves the lowest RMSE at 0.0758, followed by ARIMA at 0.0792, CNN-LSTM at 0.0830, XGBoost at 0.0858, and LSTM at 0.0913. These findings demonstrate that the CNN-LSTM-Transformer model exhibits superior accuracy in forecasting vegetable sales volumes, yielding more precise predictions. This accurate forecasting not only aids superstores in reducing waste and enhancing profitability but also assists government authorities in rationalizing vegetable subsidy policies and optimizing the vegetable production and marketing system.

Analysis of vegetable production status and marketing system in Ethiopia: The case of Sebeta Hawas Woreda , Oromia region

Analysis of vegetable production status and marketing system in Ethiopia: The case of Sebeta Hawas <i>Woreda</i> , Oromia region

Evaluating the Production and Marketing Assessment of Selected Vegetables in Bangladesh

The prosperity of Bangladesh depends upon agricultural development. In addition to that, vegetables play a significant role in the economy of Bangladesh. The present study aims to overview the production and marketing of vegetables. The study also attempts to highlight the value chains and channels of vegetable marketing and the problems related to the production and selling of vegetables. Conspicuously, the cultivation of vegetables in our country is growing day by day due to the higher profitability. Nearly 1.25 million hectares of cultivable land area are engaged for producing vegetables. This study attempts to pronounce the existing vegetable supply chain system along with the problems and constraints faced by the farmers during producing and marketing of vegetables. The usual supply chain is that the middlemen collect vegetables from growers at a cheaper price and then sell it to the general consumers with a markup. There is almost a complete absence of specialized facilities and equipment for handling vegetables in the market. The study reports some policies based on the problems to increase the production and marketing opportunities of the farmers. In particular, the vegetable marketing system is unorganized in Bangladesh which needs to be developed for the well-being of the farmers and common people.

Spatial Integration of Vegetable Markets of Sri Lanka during COVID-19 Pandemic

The majority of the vegetables moving through traditional supply chains pass via Dambulla Dedicated Economic Centre (DDEC), which is the main wholesale market in Sri Lanka, to the regional markets. With the COVID-19 pandemic, the Sri Lankan government implemented several measures to keep vegetable markets of the country integrated. The objective of this study was to examine the degree of market integration of nine regional wholesale vegetable markets with DDEC in Sri Lanka during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pairwise comparisons between vegetable prices at DDEC and regional markets were done using Engle- Granger Co-integration test to achieve this objective. The analysis was carried out in the first differenced form, which conformed to the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) tests of stationarity. Short-run price disequilibrium was tested using Vector Auto-Regression Model (VAR) and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). Weekly wholesale prices of beans, carrot, tomato, and brinjal markets during 2018-2021 were used for the analysis. The results revealed that only bean markets in Dehiaththakandiya, Thambuttegama, Nuwara Eliya, Meegoda, and Colombo wholesale vegetable markets depicted cointegrated behaviour with DDEC during the COVID-19 period. None of the other vegetable markets were integrated spatially with DDEC during the COVID-19 period. Before the pandemic, except in Ampara, Colombo and Dehiaththakandiya regional markets, all the other regional markets for beans, carrot, tomato, and brinjal were spatially integrated with DDEC either long run or short run. In conclusion, despite various government interventions to keep the vegetable market channels smoothly and consistently, the COVID-19 has negatively affected on price transmission of the vegetable marketing system of the country.

Investigation of Vegetable Market Integration System in Dhaka City: A Study on Effective Supply Value Chain Analysis

Vegetable cultivation in our country is growing day by day. We are now planting vegetables in our cultivable land area of 2.63 percent. Vegetables benefit farmers even more than other crops. It can play a vital role in improving the nutritional status of the chronically malnourished population of Bangladesh. There are various types of agricultural markets in Bangladesh through which agricultural products are traded. These are rural primary markets, rural assembly markets, rural secondary markets, and urban retail market. Before reaching the customers, vegetables are sold to wholesalers and retailers in Bangladesh. There is effectively a complete shortage of sophisticated vegetable handling equipment and facilities on the markets. Sorting, displaying, and selling are often performed from and into baskets at the ground level. Though Bangladeshi fruits and vegetables are exported to about 38 market destinations, the key buyers are primarily located in two regions: the United Kingdom and the Middle East. Bangladesh mostly exports fresh fruits and vegetables. However, during recent years export of processed as well as frozen vegetables had underway on a limited scale. The regular supply chain is for intermediaries to collect orders from exporters, go to production areas, collect crops from farmers/local markets, and arrange to deliver the same to exporters on the day of shipment. Owing to the opportunistic actions of sellers and consumers, the marketing cost rises, each seeking to take advantage of the other by means such as adulteration of the goods, cheating on weights and measures, and violating distribution contracts. In Bangladesh, the vegetable marketing system is challenging, awkward, and unorganized and needs to be established for the well-being of common citizens.

An inquiry of the nature and causes of price variation in vegetable marketing system of Bangladesh

The study was conducted to examine the nature of vegetable price variation from farmers to different traders through different marketing channels and identified some factors that were causes for vegetable price variation. On the basis of vegetable trader, five marketing channels identified which responsible for transporting vegetables from farmer to consumer. This study pointed out that the maximum price variation chain is Farmer ? Wholesaler ? Agent ? Retailer ? Consumer. This study also explored that price variation has a positive relationship with the increase of trader’s number and several times price variation executed in retailers’ level. Sometimes new trader arrivals in retail level which depends on the nature of vegetable deterioration. The majority farmers and traders remarked that price variation is occurred due to high input cost, high transportation cost, and traditional marketing system

Is vegetable cultivation under low tunnels a profitable alternative to pesticide use? The case of cabbage cultivation in northern Tanzania

The health benefits of fruit and vegetable consumption can be jeopardized by pesticide residues, especially in developing countries, due to their misuse. While vegetable growing under cover is growing in popularity worldwide as an effective technique for improving yields while reducing pesticide use, these protected cultivation techniques often remain underutilized by smallholder farmers. A cost-benefit analysis was conducted with fifty smallholder farmers in northern Tanzania over two seasons to compare the profitability of growing cabbage in open plots and under inexpensive low tunnels. Although all farmers significantly improved their yields under nets over the two seasons (9.85, as opposed to 6.80 kg m−2 and 10.09, as opposed to 8.63 kg m−2, in each season respectively) and reduced their pesticide use (by 3.5 and 2.8 times), the large variations in market prices observed between seasons called into question the profitability of this cultivation technique. With the conducive market conditions of the second season, it would have taken 5.3 crops cycle on average, i.e. less than 2 years, to recoup the investment costs of low tunnels, whereas with the poor market conditions observed in the first season, the investment in tunnels compounded the negative economic results obtained from growing cabbages in an open field. Consequently, our results showed that using low tunnels could be a suitable alternative for reducing pesticide use, but this technique was not economically viable with the existing marketing systems used by the farmers. For this technique to be adopted, further work is needed to identify changes in vegetable marketing systems that would promote the use of cultivation techniques that reduce pesticide use.

Linkages in Vegetable Marketing System of Tan Yen, Bac Giang, Viet Nam

Linkages in Vegetable Marketing System of Tan Yen, Bac Giang, Viet Nam

Planting benefits and development measures of new agricultural greenhouse circulation model in North China —A case study on conjoined greenhouse pattern of “vegetable/fruit-edible fungus” in Xushui County

本文开展了"菜/果 菌"循环农业模式的经济效益及发展对策研究, 目的是摸清菇房 蔬菜温室连体温室大棚生产全过程的成本投入及经济效益情况, 定量比较连体温室与普通温室大棚种植模式生产效益, 并提出建设性的对策和建议。研究采用规范分析与实证分析相结合的方法: 通过实地调研和农户访谈, 了解菇房 温室连体大棚的设计结构及栽培措施, 分析产业链条结构及模式基本特征; 通过跟踪监测与问卷调查, 比较分析连体温室与普通温室种植模式的成本投入与经济效益。结果表明: 基于连体温室大棚的"菜/果 菌"循环农业模式比普通温室大棚经济效益高; 以单一种植茄子、青椒、西红柿和丝瓜4种蔬菜的生产模式效益做比较, 连体温室大棚的年均净收益分别是传统大棚净收益的6.3倍、3.5倍、2.3倍和1.1倍, 较大幅度提高了劳动生产率; 基于连体温室设计的种植模式是值得在我国北方推广的一种新型模式。

The implications and challenges of Joint Vegetable Marketing System in Korea

The implications and challenges of Joint Vegetable Marketing System in Korea

Impact of Middlemen on Vegetable Marketing Channels in Sri Lanka

Vegetable are produced on a year round basis and a large number of farmers are involved in the process of production. However, many people criticize the vegetable marketing system due to fluctuating prices. In this background, this paper attempts to identify the long-term behaviour of Market Margin (MM) of middlemen on vegetable marketing channels in Sri Lanka. This study was mainly done by using secondary data. Nominal market price, producers price and market margin (MM) of beans, carrots, beets, pumpkin and brinjals have increased in a similar percentage in parallel to the prevailing rapid inflation within the last two decades. Therefore, it is clear that the prices of the vegetables have increased due to the high rate of inflation in the country. The MM for the all the vegetables was generally less than 50%. Average MM of selected vegetables like bean, carrot, beet, pumpkin and brinjals were 42%, 44%, 44%, 49% and 43.5%, respectively. It was also observed that usually when the Retail Price (RP) and Producer Prices (PP) increase the MM decrease and vice versa. It is clear that when the RP and PP are high the middlemen try to control the market prices by reducing their MM. It may help to protect the consumers directly because RP and PP normally increase due to low supply of the production of vegetable and/or high demand for it. When the prices are low they try to get more benefits by increasing their MM as a rational entrepreneur. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/tare.v14i3.4843 Tropical Agricultural Research & Extension 14(3): 2011 58-62

Improving the Efficiency of Domestic Vegetable Marketing Systems in East Africa

The majority of smallholders growing vegetables in East Africa market their produce domestically. It is an important source of income for many poor smallholder households and those involved in vegetable value chains. This paper highlights the major constraints of and identifies potential opportunities for improving the efficiency of domestic vegetable marketing systems in two countries – Kenya and Tanzania. Emphasis is given to tomato and onion as commonly marketed and consumed vegetables throughout the region. The authors also look at indigenous vegetables marketed domestically. Finally, they consider the importance of the export vegetable subsector as a role model for improving the efficiency, growth and economic value of domestic vegetable marketing systems in East Africa. This analysis should guide policy makers towards key interventions to facilitate the development of efficient vegetable marketing systems, contributing to poverty reduction and fostering economic growth in East Africa.

Relevance of market information system to environment protection

Market information is an important facilitating function in a marketing system. It facilitates marketing decisions, regulates the competitive market processes and facilitates marketing mechanisms. To increase consumption, it is necessary to develop marketing channels. After production, marketing is the most important function, which consists of assembling, processing and distribution of marketable surplus. An efficient marketing information system can manage, for timely delivery of product, reduce marketing costs and increase production and productivity and make the market yard healthy and hygienic. The existing practices of vegetable marketing system consists only the collection of selling price of different vegetables and fruits, volume of arrival and source of origin. Fruits and vegetables are bulky and perishable by nature and need immediate disposal in the market having with clean and proper packaging. If it is not properly done, it generates wastes in the market and pollute the locality. Efficient vegetable market information system can minimize the waste induced problems in the vegetable markets. Environmental policies are influenced by economic, social, and political forces. To ensure that the execution of these policies protects human health and ecosystems effectively and efficiently, scientific and technical information needs to be an integral consideration from the earliest stages of policy making.&#x0D; &#x0D; The Journal of AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT Vol. 8, 2007, pp. 46-54

Modelling vegetable marketing systems in South East Asia: phenomenological insights from Vietnam

This article presents a conceptual framework for the analysis of vegetable supply chains in a South East Asian context and the role wholesale markets play in these chains. Following a review of the literature on food marketing systems in developing countries and preliminary fieldwork in South East Asia, a holistic framework is proposed, including what are perceived to be the critical factors in the development of improved fresh food marketing systems: domestic legal and policy factors, international trade policies and food markets, history, geography, and cultural and social norms. The particular role of trust and collaboration among stakeholders in the Ho Chi Minh City vegetable marketing system is highlighted.

FOOD HAZARDS AND CONSUMER AWARENESS: AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS IN INDIA

he levels of air pollutants are increasing in many ‘megacities’ of the developing world. Air pollution can both the yield and nutritional quality of crop plants, and is also a major source of particulate contaminants that can accumulate at toxic levels in the edible portion of crop plants grown in urban and peri-urban (UPU) areas. This paper presents new knowledge on the impacts of UPU environmental pollution and on food safety attributes of the vegetable marketing systems in India. It reports results of market studies in Delhi and Varanasi, and of a study of consumer perceptions and awareness of food safety hazards. Conclusions concern the potential for market-mediated quality assurance methods and the need for targeting the urban poor in creating public awareness of hazard levels and mitigating procedures.

An Assessment of the Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Production and Marketing Systems in the Sultanate of Oman

The fruit and vegetable sector in the Sultanate of Oman has developed remarkably in the last two decades. It has undergone technological changes that have resulted in an upward trend in cultivated areas, yields and total production. Furthermore, it is Widely recognized that the sector has moved from the subsistence status to a more market- outlet system. For all of the Sultanate’s fruit and vegetable production, the domestic market is by tar the most important outlet. The present paper explores market dimension and identifies opportunities and constraints of these production and marketing systems. Results indicate that development in this sector faces serious market constraints. Studying current structures reveals a lack of market arbitrage and vertical coordination. The pricing mechanisms are tilted to the advantage of merchants and market dealers. Marketing of fresh produce can be improved by the enhancement of facilitating functions.

Marketing Improvement Under Socialist Economy

The fruit and vegetable marketing system in China has three different channels, with operation-type and service-type. The markets are small in size but many in numbers, many of which are located improperly and many lack economics. The expected future trends are: less control, more professional traders, more service-oriented operations, more emphasis on economics, and larger markets. The challenges are: the problems in institutional coordination, adjustment of dual pricing policy, institutional rigidity and lack of accumulated private capital. The question is: Is marketing reform possible without economic reform? or Is economic reform possible without political reform?