Various Stages Of Life Research Articles

Nursing Professional Self-Concept: A Scoping Review Protocol

Nurses are considered one of the largest professional groups in healthcare, generating positive health outcomes for people at various stages of life. A significant impact on the construction of the professional self-or professional self-concept-is considered to exist through the educational process, influenced by factors such as the family and societal expectations often presented by teachers, tutors, and peers. Improving professional self-concept in nursing can offer specific gains in personal, relational, social, and interpersonal communication skills, favoring evolution in the academic and clinical path. This scoping review aims to map the literature related to the state of knowledge regarding professional self-concept in nursing. This scoping review will follow JBI recommendations with the PCC mnemonic and report its findings through PRISMA-ScR using a specific instrument made by the researchers. Providing healthcare complying with high scientific standards requires the professional to have enough self-confidence in his work and skills. The explicit acknowledgement of professional self-concept is essential for any educational tutor or experienced mentor to promote mental health and academic and professional performance.

Sartorial Objects, Transgender Bodies and Destabilized Meaning: A Study of Kaushik Ganguly’s Nagarkirtan

Kaushik Ganguly’s 2017 film Nagarkirtan narrates the story of Puti, a transgender belonging to a hijra group in Kolkata, who desires for a gender reconfirmation surgery. Puti’s sartorial choices help her construct or emulate the appearance of a body she longs for but cannot avail due to her poor financial condition. On one hand, her sartorial choices help her to express her felt gender; on the other hand, it betrays her by either limiting her identity or giving out misinformation about the body that lies beneath. The paper uses Butler’s idea of impermanence of meaning behind signs and Halberstam’s idea of ‘trans’ being a destabilizing element of societal norms to present a qualitative analysis of the trans protagonist’s social performances through sartorial preferences as depicted in Nagarkirtan. Since the film under discussion shows its transgender protagonist at various stages of life, the paper also discusses her clothing choices throughout the years to explore the complex relationship among the clothes, the trans body and societal expectations. Spectrum, Volume 16, June 2021: 195-206

Occupational and Financial Setbacks in Caregivers of People with Colorectal Cancer: Considerations for Caregiver-Reported Outcomes.

Family caregivers of patients with cancer provide substantial physical, emotional, and functional care throughout the cancer trajectory. While caregiving can create employment and financial challenges, there is insufficient evidence to inform the development of caregiver-reported outcomes (CROs) that assess these experiences. The study purpose was to describe the occupational and financial consequences that were important to family caregivers of a patient with colorectal cancer (CRC) in the context of public health care, which represent potential considerations for CROs. In this qualitative Interpretive Description study, we analyzed interview data from 78 participants (25 caregivers, 37 patients, and 16 healthcare providers). Our findings point to temporary and long-term occupational and financial setbacks in the context of CRC. Caregiving for a person with CRC involved managing occupational implications, including (1) revamping employment arrangements, and (2) juggling work, family, and household demands. Caregiver financial struggles included (1) responding to financial demands at various stages of life, and (2) facing the spectre of lifelong expenses. Study findings offer novel insight into the cancer-related occupational and financial challenges facing caregivers, despite government-funded universal health care. Further research is warranted to develop CRO measures that assess the multifaceted nature of these challenges.

Thymus Functionality Needs More Than a Few TECs.

The thymus, a primary lymphoid organ, produces the T cells of the immune system. Originating from the 3rd pharyngeal pouch during embryogenesis, this organ functions throughout life. Yet, thymopoiesis can be transiently or permanently damaged contingent on the types of systemic stresses encountered. The thymus also undergoes a functional decline during aging, resulting in a progressive reduction in naïve T cell output. This atrophy is evidenced by a deteriorating thymic microenvironment, including, but not limited, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitions, fibrosis and adipogenesis. An exploration of cellular changes in the thymus at various stages of life, including mouse models of in-born errors of immunity and with single cell RNA sequencing, is revealing an expanding number of distinct cell types influencing thymus functions. The thymus microenvironment, established through interactions between immature and mature thymocytes with thymus epithelial cells (TEC), is well known. Less well appreciated are the contributions of neural crest cell-derived mesenchymal cells, endothelial cells, diverse hematopoietic cell populations, adipocytes, and fibroblasts in the thymic microenvironment. In the current review, we will explore the contributions of the many stromal cell types participating in the formation, expansion, and contraction of the thymus under normal and pathophysiological processes. Such information will better inform approaches for restoring thymus functionality, including thymus organoid technologies, beneficial when an individuals’ own tissue is congenitally, clinically, or accidentally rendered non-functional.

Gender Bias in Financial Planning for Retirement

<p>Socio-economic factor, family structure has impact on the various facets of economy as well as individual’s life, specifically after retirement. In the past, primarily India had joint family structure or a compound family structure, which was a great source of support after retirement. Today India’s population is growing but average family size is reducing. This phenomenon translates into more retired people per working individual. If pretired individuals are financially secure, their hardships of old age can be reduced to a large extent. Per capita income today, is far greater as compared to past with many more investment avenues to suit ones requirement. Financial plan is required to satisfy financial needs at various stages of life. Income after retirement is consequence of the investments made during work life, which is the result of the financial plan for retirement. The census data indicates life expectancy for women is higher than men. Hence, it is important that women make financial planning for their financial needs after retirement. Financial literacy, savings and clarity of objectives are positively related to financial planning by the individuals. The data for the study is collected using Google Forms from the individuals employed in ITES sector in the city of Bengaluru. Logistic regression model is used to evaluate variance in the financial planning for retirement due to explanatory factors, ‘clarity of financial goal’, ‘attitude towards savings’ and ‘financial literacy’ on ‘financial planning for retirement. Independent t test is used to evaluate difference between men and women. The study revealed that explanatory variables had influence on the financial planning for retirement and t test revealed that men and women do not differ in their behavior.</p>

Literacia em Saúde e Autocuidados

Nowadays, we often hear the term Health Literacy (HL). We are of the opinion that this term is used interchangeably, sometimes referring to knowledge, information, sometimes referring to attitudes, sometimes referring to training. Therefore, this theme has attracted our attention over the last decade and, as a result of this reflection, resulted in the work Literacy in Health and Self-Care: evidence that project clinical practice (Galvão et al., 2021). The concept of HL is multidimensional, we find a range of definitions which add specific aspects of HL. In this opinion scientific article, we selected definitions and concepts about HL and self-care, we identified the dimensions of HL and assessment methods. We also identify documents available in Portugal that aim to promote it. Based on the evidence, we found that the promotion of HL in the Portuguese population is effectively a priority throughout the various stages of life's trajectory, both in terms of health promotion and self-care in any age group, and consequently in terms of disease prevention. : obesity; cerebrovascular diseases; type II diabetes; mental disorders; dementias; cancer diseases; etc. HL training is based on behavioral changes, so the strategies will have to be focused on tools that enhance human functioning, achieved through the improvement of cognitive, emotional and/or behavioral self-regulation. The European agenda for health highlights HL as a priority, considering the need for the joint involvement of citizens, communities, organizations and health policies.

Cultural Considerations to the Life Participation Approach in Aphasia:A Filipino Case Study

Stroke is among the common causes of chronic disability (Feigin, 2014). Around one-third of stroke survivors are affected by aphasia, a communication disorder affecting the ability to comprehend and express oneself (Dickey, et. al., 2010). Culture is essential to understanding aphasia and providing person-centered care. Philippine cultural identity is reflected via respect for older persons, collectivism in family and community, and devotion to religion (Pe Pua & Protacio-Marcelino, 2000). The Filipino family is a primary support system, and cultural values directly influence caregiving approaches in chronic disability. This single case study examines the life of a Filipino man who has successfully lived with aphasia for over 25 years. Having finished a doctorate from Harvard University, served as the youngest University president, and member of the Philippine government, he suddenly had a stroke and was able to communicate only via single words, gestures, and facial expressions. His life is discussed in the context of the unique, multi-modal communication system which developed through the years with his family. Music and symbolism via watercolor paintings also define his aphasia journey. The value of religion in Filipino culture (Cruz, et. al., 2019) and its role in fostering positivity in his aphasia journey is examined. This study also highlights Filipino collectivism through the support of family and community in addressing communication needs and facilitating meaningful relationships at various stages in life. Cultural values deeply rooted in Filipino caregiving, such as debt of gratitude and filial devotion to parents (Enriquez, 1992), are discussed.

Removal of manganese (II) from aqueous solution by ionic liquid impregnated polymeric sorbent and electrodeionization (EDI) techniques

Manganese is an element that is essential for the proper functioning of humans and animals, as it is needed for the functioning of many cellular enzymes. However, overexposure to this metal can be toxic to many organ systems and at various stages of life. In this work, ionic liquid impregnated polymeric sorbent (ILIS) and electrodeionization (EDI) processes were used to remove manganese (Mn2+) from aqueous solutions. The removal of Mn2+ by ILIS is pH dependent and maximum removal is achieved at pH 9. The sorption of Mn2+ on ILIS reached equilibrium in 20 min. For Mn2+ removal by EDI, the applied potential, feed flow rate and H2SO4 concentration in the electrode compartment were optimized. When the applied potential and feed flow rate were increased, the Mn2+ concentration in the feed solution decreased. Varying the H2SO4 concentration in the electrode compartment did not result in differences in the removal rate. The largest calculated flux for Mn2+ is 6.92 × 10−5 mol/m2s, and the mass transfer coefficient is 8.16 × 10−4 m/s. In the last phase of the experiment, ILIS-EDI hybrid techniques were used for the removal of Mn2+. In this case, more than 99.9% was removed from the solution.

Nutritional education for medicine students based on the espen consensus: a pilot study in Brazil

Rationale: Nutritional education in medical schools has been shown to be heterogeneous and deficient, requiring students to know the bases of an adequate Nutritional Therapy in the various stages of life and in the disease1. After all, a poor diet is responsible for more deaths than any other risk factors2. Studies have observed in many parts of the globe that most medicine students feel unprepared regarding nutritional education to provide adequate nutritional care3. We adapted the curriculum of our medical course according to the ESPEN Recommendations (Nutrition Education in Medical Schools-NEMS) one year before this study.

Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Management of Halitosis in Children: A Comprehensive Review

The present manuscript aims at providing a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnostic aids, and management of halitosis in a pediatric population. Halitosis refers to bad breath from the mouth that seems unpleasant or offensive to others. This condition is prevalent worldwide, including all age-groups. However, studies on the pediatric population are limited. Self-confidence and personality development are important factors that the child builds up during their developmental stages. Halitosis may affect them both on personal and social aspects; hence, it is important to have beforehand knowledge and the modes to intercept it, paving the way to a positive growth of the child. On reviewing the literature, the common risk factors for halitosis in children constituted predominantly oral factors that varied from poor oral hygiene, gingivitis, periodontal diseases, dental caries, tongue coating, mouth breathing, and so on. Their diagnosis commonly included the organoleptic test, sulfide monitoring, and gas chromatography along with the assessment of questionnaire by the parents and older children. The management was predominantly directed toward the identified source of halitosis along with instructions and counseling on the benefits of a good oral hygiene regime. The importance of cultivating a day-to-day practice of oral hygiene regime in the children will not only accustom them toward the benefits of good oral health but also help them to tackle halitosis and in turn their inhibitions associated with it. Halitosis, though a prevalent condition experienced at various stages of life, is crucial to identify and manage, especially in the pediatric population owing to its influence on personal and on social aspects of life.

A Comprehensive Review of Nutritional Benefits of Minerals in Meat and Meat Products

Minerals are chemical elements that organisms require as a necessary nutrient to sustain good health at various stages of life. To support human biochemical processes, including structural and functional activity in the body, at least twenty mineral elements are required. However, inadequate consumption of these essential minerals in the human diet can result in metabolic problems, organ damage, chronic diseases, and death. Mineral deficiency affects roughly two billion people globally, the bulk of whom live in third-world nations. Among those, infants and pregnant women are more susceptible to the mineral shortage in the body. To avoid these deficiencies, humans need to consume muscle foods, which are superior sources of essential minerals, particularly zinc, selenium, phosphorus, iron, etc. compared to plant-based foods. Minerals derived from muscle foods are easier to absorb in the body than minerals derived from plant foods. However, the amount of essential minerals in muscle foods varies widely and depends on several factors, including nutrition, species, breed, sex, age at slaughter, muscle types, physiological status, production system, and post-mortem factors such as processing and analytical methods. The present study discusses the mineral composition of different muscle foods, factors affecting the mineral contents in different muscle foods and the beneficial and important roles that minerals play in human health.

Modeling of the Kinetics of Polyoxymethylene Decomposition under Oxidative and Non-Oxidative Conditions.

Research on the thermal and thermo-oxidative degradation of polyacetals allows for the development of effective methods of utilization of the waste of these polymers towards the recovery of monomers. For this purpose, in addition to qualitative analysis, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of chemical reactions accompanying the decomposition process under the influence of temperature. Therefore, in this article, with the experimental results from the thermal analysis of the POM homopolymer of three various stages of life—POM-P—unprocessed sample; POM-R—recycled sample, and POM-O—sample waste—we took steps to determine the basic kinetic parameters using two well-known and commonly used kinetic models: Friedman and Ozawa-Flynn-Wall (OFW). Knowing the values of the course of changes in apparent activation energy as a function of partial mass loss, theoretical curves were fitted to the experimental data. The applied calculation models turned out to be consistent in terms of the nature of the curve changes and similar in terms of Ea in the entire range of mass loss. Both kinetic models showed a very similar course of the Ea curves. The samples that decompose under oxidative conditions obtained the best fit for the reaction of nth order with autocatalysis by product B model and the samples that decompose under inert conditions for the n-dimensional nucleation according to the Avrami–Erofeev model.

ЖИЗНЬ МАРТИНА РОБИНСОНА ДЕЛАНИ И ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ЕГО ИДЕЙНО–ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ ВЗГЛЯДОВ

This article examines the evolution of the ideological and political views of Martin Robinson Delany, who is credited with the first conceptual justification of the doctrine of "black nationalism" in the United States. The author analyzes the main milestones of the biography of this figure, his rich literary heritage, focusing on the consideration of the internal dialectics of Delany's political philosophy, the variability and inconsistency of his views at various stages of life. Special attention is paid to Delany's attitude to the ideology of pan-Africanism and black nationalism, as well as his controversy with Frederick Douglass. The uniqueness of the study lies in the fact that it is the first attempt in Russian academic science to present the biography and analysis of the ideological and theoretical heritage of an outstanding African-American public figure, an assessment of his contribution to the struggle for the rights of the black population in the United States. The source base is the work of Delany himself and his biographies, none of which has been translated into Russian. A number of sources are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The historical-genetic and historical-typological methods are used as specific historical methods in this work.

Историко-архитектурное наследие г. Волгограда: знаковые объекты площади Павших Борцов довоенного и военного Сталинграда

Introduction. The article analyzes the history of the creation of architectural objects surrounding the main square of the city – the Square of Fallen Fighters in the pre-war period of 1928–1938. The sequence of development of the square with new buildings of the era of “industrial constructivism”, as well as the reconstruction of houses built in Tsaritsyn, is covered in detail. Methods and materials. The study is based on the objectivity principles and applies general scientific as well as specific historical methods. The authors pay attention to the facts related to solving the problems of transforming pre-war Stalingrad into a “socialist city” – the center of industry and culture in the Lower Volga region. Separate events of the first period of the assault on Stalingrad related to the defense of iconic buildings in the central part of the city, which turned into nodes of resistance of the Soviet troops in the September street battles, are considered. Buildings and structures of the pre-war period of the city’s life that represented the appearance of the urban environment of Stalingrad, including the Square of Fallen Fighters, were forever lost to posterity. The purpose of the work is to analyze the historical architectural features of the main square and the surrounding area for subsequent computer modeling of the lost historical and cultural objects of pre-war Stalingrad based on the methodology of 3D reconstruction of structures. This approach to the historical heritage, which the city lost during the years of harsh atheistic propaganda and war, is partly able to recreate for contemporaries and subsequent generations various stages of life in Volgograd, with a characteristic appearance and features that reflect the characteristics of the city’s environment. Historical and analytical material is necessary for compositional modeling, which will allow reconstructing architectural objects of pre-war Stalingrad for further research and use in the development of a virtual tour.

Social Skills of Students from Educational Sciences: Validity, Reliability, and Percentiles for Evaluation

The development of social skills (SS) at various stages of life provides the basis for social and academic success throughout life. This cross-sectional study validates and verifies the reliability of the SS checklist proposed by Goldstein et al 1983. The checklist was administered, which is composed of 6 dimensions and 50 SS questions. 671 students between 18 and 25 years of age, belonging to eight professional programs in the area of Educational Sciences, participated. The results showed that five factors explained 41.4% of the variance of the instrument. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin KMO measure of 0.906 and Bartlett's test of sphericity were highly significant (X2= 11020.251, gl= 1225). The factor loadings of the 6 dimensions and the 50 questions ranged between 0.42 and 0.72. The reliability achieved by Cronbach's alpha was r=0.92. The proposal of percentiles will allow classifying low, moderate and high levels of SS, providing information that can be used not only by students, but also for professionals working in higher education. Consequently, it highlights the importance of developing SS not only at home, but also at school and university, since they need to be stimulated at every stage of life to achieve the proposed objectives.

Sexual behavior after childbirth

ObjectiveTo study the prevalence of female sexual dysfunction after childbirth.BackgroundWomen's sexual activity changes at various stages of life and is affected by numerous factors; one of them includes childbirth and maternity. After childbirth, numerous physical, psychological, and sociocultural factors may affect the sexual activity of women and the quality of their lives.Patients and methodsThis cross-sectional study included 200 Egyptian postpartum women in the period from August 2018 till April 2019. The study was performed on postpartum women who attended the gynecology clinic, Shebin El Kom Teaching Hospital.ResultsThe finding of the study indicated that all domains of Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) were affected after labor, and the most affected was the sexual desire. The mean score before labor was 4.94 ± 0.84 and after labor was 3.40 ± 1.30, and the least prevalent was the dyspareunia; the mean score before labor was 4.16 ± 0.97 and after labor it was 4.89 ± 1.54.ConclusionPhysical and emotional health problems are common after childbirth. In this article, we found that there were significantly lowered mean score values of all domains of FSFI, except pain (increased) and overall scale score decreased after labor. Decreased sexual desire is the most prevalent disorder of the sexual relationship in postpartum and the least prevalent was the dyspareunia.

Clinical evaluation of 31 children with pituitary insufficiency in the course of the pituitary stalk interruption syndrome. The unexpected growth without growth hormone in 2 children.

The pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is one of the complex -forms of congenital pituitary insufficiency. Symptoms resulting from insufficiency of the pituitary gland, in spite of the inborn character of the disease, may appear at various stages of life. The aim of this paper was to present clinical presentation in 31 patients with PSIS confirmed radiologically. In the whole study population during first examination 25.8% children were diagnosed with combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD). During the endocrinological observation (median follow-up 5.1 years, range 0.513.2) of the above-mentioned group 74.2% subjects were diagnosed with CPHD, while 25.8% patients with isolated growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Two children with initially short stature were confirmed with GHD. As aresult of the parents' decision, growth hormone therapy was either not started or discontinued. During further follow-up, however, the children achieved normal height. Children with PSIS present adiverse clinical picture and should be observed because of the risk of further pituitary disorders. In the differential diagnosis of hypoglycemia in the neonatal period and in infancy, hypopituitarism should be considered. The phenomenon of normal growth in patients with confirmed growth hormone deficiency has been observed, although is not fully understood.

AOTA 2020 Occupational Therapy Code of Ethics.

The 2020 Occupational Therapy Code of Ethics (the Code) of the American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) is designed to reflect the dynamic nature of the occupational therapy profession, the evolving health care environment, and emerging technologies that can present potential ethical concerns in practice, research, education, and policy. AOTA members are committed to promoting inclusion, participation, safety, and well-being for all recipients of service in various stages of life, health, and illness and to empowering all beneficiaries of service to meet their occupational needs. Recipients of services may be persons, groups, families, organizations, communities, or populations (AOTA, 2020).

Follicle Cysts of the Ovary: A Report of 30 Cases of a Common Benign Lesion Emphasizing its Unusual Clinical and Pathologic Aspects.

The common ovarian follicle cyst is typically straightforward from both clinical and pathologic perspectives, but may have a variety of unusual features from both aspects at various stages of life. Lack of familiarity with these may lead to diagnostic quandaries, the most common of which is distinguishing between a follicle cyst and cystic granulosa cell tumor of either adult or juvenile type. We reviewed 30 cases of follicle cysts, all sent in consultation, to highlight unusual aspects of a common lesion. Patients ranged from 3 d to 47 yr old. Clinical presentations included precocious puberty, pelvic pain, or an incidentally discovered pelvic mass, including those occurring in neonates and in 2 adults with pituitary adenomas, one of which was diagnosed 3 yr after presentation with the ovarian cyst. Size ranged from 0.5 cm (deflated) to 18.5 cm, with 7 exceeding 8 cm in greatest dimension. Twelve cases demonstrated small satellite cystic follicles in the wall of the dominant cyst. The granulosa cell layer varied in thickness and mitotic activity (which ranged from 1 to 36 per 10 HPF), but uniformly displayed round nuclei that lacked nuclear grooves. Luteinization of the granulosa cell layer, theca layer, or both was seen across all clinical scenarios, with unluteinized cysts being most common in precocious puberty patients. This series documents that although typically smaller, a subset of follicle cysts are the same size as cystic granulosa cell tumors and the 2 entities may be grossly indistinguishable. Helpful clues to the diagnosis of follicle cyst are the lack of nuclear grooves (vs. adult granulosa cell tumor) and lack of invagination of granulosa cells into the cyst wall (vs. both forms of granulosa cell tumor). Mitoses in the granulosa cells are of no aid in the differential with either form of granulosa cell tumor as follicle cysts may exhibit brisk mitotic activity. Our series highlights some of the unusual clinical aspects, one relatively well known-an association with isosexual precocity, but 2 not as widely known, those occurring in neonates and those due to a pituitary adenoma, the latter sometimes not being discovered until a few years after presentation with a follicle cyst.

Skin Microbiome as Years Go By.

The skin microbial communities, i.e., the microbiota, play a major role in skin barrier function so must remain dynamic to adapt to the changes in the niche environment that occur across the different body sites throughout the human lifespan. This review provides an overview of the major alterations occurring in the skin microbiome (microbial and genomic components) during the various stages of life, beginning with its establishment in the first weeks of life through to what is known about the microbiome in older populations. Studies that have helped identify the factors that most influence skin microbiome function, structure, and composition during the various life stages are highlighted, and how alterations affecting the delicate balance of the microbiota communities may contribute to variations in normal physiology and lead to skin disease is discussed. This review underlines the importance of improving our understanding of the skin microbiome in populations of all ages to gain insights into the pathophysiology of skin diseases and to allow better monitoring and targeted treatment of more vulnerable populations.