Specialists In Various Areas Research Articles

Information and communication technology in cross-industry glossaries

Interdisciplinary glossary is proposed to ensure mutual understanding of specialists from various fields of science and technology. Glossary is designed with application of information technologies. The field of information technologies is considered. It is necessary for the understanding and cooperation of specialists in various areas. The technological solutions and applications for multi-disciplinary areas, results of testing of the developed techniques are presented.

Genre Sphere of Modern Ukrainian Research Communication

The article deals with the problem of studying and understanding the Ukrainian scientific communication, its genre sphere in modern globalized high-tech society. Various social and cultural challenges caused the appearance of computer communication or net-communication, quantative growth of which attracts scientists of different fields. The modern form of social life are called global, network, information society. Information society – this is a knowledge society where mass produced, distributed and used various means of information. Exchange of scientific information, ideas and knowledge between scientists, researchers and specialists in various areas of science plays a leading role in the development of modern society. The concept of genre as a central category of discourse and text is separately highlighted. Different types of speech genres are shown. Genre sphere of scientific communication is outlined. The concepts of genres correlation with different types of discourse are of special attention. Scientific discourse as a complex communicative unit, which is thematically correlated set of scientific texts of different genre of implementation, due to socio-cultural influences and target setting communicants. The current stage of scientific communication is characterized by versatility of scientific style. Analytical and critical review of the social and thematic direction of Genre Study– Lingvogenology of scientific communication is done in the article.

Требования сферы туризма к подготовке специалистов по направлениям туристско-экскурсионной деятельности в Республике Таджикистан

In the article, the author discusses the concept of professional development and staff training in the sphere of tourism, the basic form of professional development of staff and such forms of advanced training of employees of tourism enterprises as a short-term training, self-study, internship. The staff of enterprises of the tourism industry has a role in the conduct of competition, ensuring the existence and success of the enterprise. Therefore, they should pay so much attention to the level of professional training that is one of the most important factors in ensuring the competitiveness of the tourism enterprises in the market. Especially in the current context of rapid aging of theoretical knowledge, abilities and skills, they require the need for lifelong learning and continuous staff development. In addition, the article analyzes the practice and training of tourism in higher educational institutions of Tajikistan. The author examines the levels, models, some of the problems of the new program standards in various areas of tourist-excursion activity in the Republic of Tajikistan. The author substantiates the necessity of priority tourism development of education system in various areas of tourist and excursion activities, the increase of its role in the modernization of the tourism industry, the introduction of new areas of training “Tourism”, which requires the development of state standards of tourism education, theoretical justification approaches to the selection and structuring of its content and software and methodological support of educational process in higher educational institutions of different levels of accreditation. The purpose of the article is to identify and disclose the content of the professional development of personnel of the enterprises of the tourism industry and to study the requests of tourism practices and problems of training specialists in various areas of tourist-excursion activity in the Republic of Tajikistan.

Primary Outcome of Emotional Burnout Studies of Siberian Railway Locomotive Engineers

The article represents the primary outcome of studies of emotional burnout expression and development of Siberian railway locomotive engineers of various age groups and work experience. Most attention is drawn to the preservation problem of their health and stable working capacity that influence railroad-traffic safety. The information about absence of distinct connection between symptoms of emotional burnout and work experience became available. The materials of the studies allow verifying the existing in literature statement about the nature of emotional burnout and also bring out scientific discussion about influence of age and personal traits of specialists in various areas on emotional burnout expression. The results of the studies can be applied in comparative analysis of emotional burnout among representatives of related or other professions. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6p485

Large-scale Registry Study of Patients with Chronic Heart Failure-lessons from the CHART-2 Study

Evidence-based medicine is important to improve the prognosis of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). To obtain informative evidence to develop effective treatment for HF, some different types of big data have been accumulated in cardiovascular research area. We have successfully enrolled 10,219 consecutive CHF patients in our Chronic Heart failure Analysis and Registry in the Tohoku District-2 (CHART-2) study. The CHART-2 study is a prospective, observational, and multicenter cohort study to elucidate the characteristics, mortality and prognostic risk of CHF patients in Japan. In this large-scale study, a server computer, which was accessible at any time through internet, was used to build a multicenter clinical research network database. To conduct the CHART-2 study, the Tohoku Heart Failure Association was established in collaboration with 24 hospitals. The database was designed so that the privacy of patients was protected by removing personal information. The collected data were cleaned up for data mining and knowledge discovery. To collect, manage, and analyze the stored data, it was necessary to secure qualified specialists including clinical research coordinators, data managers, and bio-statisticians. These specialists contributed to the design of the study protocol, written informed consent, and data analysis. To make big data from a large-scale cohort study, collaboration with specialists in various areas is important.

The Relevance of Basic Sciences and Common Technical Courses in Undergraduate Agricultural Curricula in Kenya

Achieving balance between basic sciences, extension methodology and technical subject matter in the pre-service curriculum for agricultural extension staff has been a challenge in the process of curriculum reform. This study sought to determine the adequacy of basic sciences and common technical courses in the undergraduate agricultural curricula through a training needs analysis of 440 extension staff in the public and private agricultural extension service sector. The study also explored differences in training needs between Front line Extension Worker (FEW) and Subject Matter Specialists (SMS). A crosssectional survey was used and training need were determined and prioritized using Borich’s Needs Discrepancy Model (BNDM) using a Mean Weighted Discrepancy Score (MWDS). The basic sciences with the highest training needs were Basic Computer applications, Research Methods and Seminars while the common technical courses with the highest training need were Agricultural Law, Financial and Human resource management and Rural Development. In the basic sciences only Basic computer applications yielded significant differences between the training needs of Public and Private extension agents and between FEW and SMS. Significant differences in the MWDS ratings of Public and Private Extension Agents were obtained in; Agricultural Economics, Principles of Marketing, Engineering/Technical Drawing and Workshop Technology. Respondents from the Public sector had higher MWDS ratings indicating greater training needs than those from the Private sector. Between FEW and SMS, Field Attachment, Engineering/Technical drawing and Extension Education courses were significantly different. All the basic and common technical courses had positive MWDS warranting their inclusion in the undergraduate agriculture curricula. This also implies that there is need to review the content and instructional methodology to ensure the relevance of these courses as core prerequisites that provide basic information and foster critical skills necessary to the understanding of technical courses in the various areas of specialization in agriculture. DOI: 10.5901/ajis.2013.v2n2p71

READINGS IN LAMENTATIONS: ESSAYS ON THE TEXT, INTERPRETATION AND RECEPTION OF LAMENTATIONS

The collection of six essays on the book of Lamentations presented here are the outcome of an initiative begun in 2011 to gain the insights and perspectives of scholars in various areas of specialization on the “text” and “interpretation” of Lamentations. This initiative forms part of a larger research project that has the text and interpretation of Lamentations as its focal points. The contributors were invited to understand the two focal points as broadly or narrowly as they wished and to concentrate their efforts on an aspect of Lamentations research, a theme or feature of the book, a verse/verses/chapter(s) from the book, one or more of its textual representatives, or the book’s Wirkungsgeschichte. The results of the invitation are two essays on the textual representatives of Lamentations (Van Rooy [the ancient versions] and Kotzé [the Masoretic text and a Qumran manuscript]), an investigation of the theme of maternal cannibalism in Lamentations 2:20 and 4:10 (Bosman), an essay that comments on the absence/presence of YHWH in Lamentations 3 from the perspective of a specific type of Derridean philosophy of history/literature, namely hauntology (Gericke), and two contributions that touch on the reception of Lamentations in different periods of time and bodies of tradition (Jonker [rabbinic literature]; Naudé and Miller-Naudé [English Bible translations, especially the King James Bible]).

“The evangelical prophecies over Jerusalem have been fulfilled”: Joachim of Fiore, the Jews, Fray Diego de Landa and the Maya

Since its rediscovery in the nineteenth century, Fray Diego de Landa's Relación de las cosas de Yucatán (1566?) has been essential reading for specialists in various areas of Mesoamerican or Mayan studies. In this study, however, I focus on Landa himself rather than on Maya society at the time of European contact. Specifically, I argue that Landa's project was informed by the medieval Joachimist tradition and examine the ways this strain of millenarian thought helped to frame Fray Diego's understanding of the importance of the Maya, the way he wrote about them and the way he treated them as leader of the church in Yucatán. Landa stands out from other Franciscan missionaries of his time because of his savage inquisitorial practices. I suggest Landa's approach to converting the Maya is best understood as consistent with Spanish practices well established in the late Middle Ages during the period of intense conversion of the Jews.

Endo-perio lesion: A dilemma from 19 th until 21 st century

The interrelationship between endodontic and periodontal diseases has been a subject of speculation, confusion and controversy for many years. Pulpal and periodontal problems are responsible for more than 50% of tooth mortality today. An endo-perio lesion can have a varied pathogenesis which ranges from quite simple to relatively complex one. These lesions often present challenges to the clinician as far as diagnosis and prognosis of the involved teeth are concerned. It is very essential to make a correct diagnosis so that the appropriate treatment can be provided. To make a correct diagnosis the clinician should have a thorough understanding and scientific knowledge of these lesions and may need to perform restorative, endoontic or periodontal therapy, either singly or in combination to treat them. Therefore, this presentation will highlight the diagnostic, clinical guidelines and decision-making in the treatment of these lesions from an Endodontist's point of view to achieve the best outcome.Clinical Relevance to Interdisciplinary DentistryPerio-endo lesions are very complex in nature and can have a varied pathogenesis.Treatment decision-making and prognosis depend primarily on the diagnosis of the specific endodontic and/or periodontal diseases.To have the best prognosis, clinician should refer the case to various areas of specialization, to perform restorative, endodontic or periodontal therapy, either singly or in combination. Therefore, to achieve the best outcome for these lesions, a multi-disciplinary approach should be involved.

C. G.Jung in the Historical Context of the 1930s

In the discussion to date of Jung’s words and activities regarding politics during the 1930s, too little attention has been paid to context and to research in primary sources. The papers collected here seek to redress that deficiency. The Symposium at which the papers were given took place in Zürich at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in 2011. Specialists in various areas of relevant expertise prepared the papers for this occasion.

Preparing the Urban Agricultural Science Teacher: Curriculum Implications

Available lands in urban and rural schools are increasingly being threatened by developmental factors that spaces previously given to schools are now being retrieved by donor communities. This has affected the production of food crops by schools especially in the urban areas. The effect is experienced in the high cost of food items in the urban area with very high population. Schools are expected to produce food for the teaming population through the leading of competent teachers of Agricultural Science. Therefore, effective knowledge of the land usage is imperative recognizing the composite nature - various areas of specialization in Agriculture. This paper examined the needed competencies by teachers of Agricultural Science in urban areas as to making for effective institutional preparation for teacher trainees. Result showed that teachers identified 24 competencies needed for urban teaching of agriculture but expressed deficiency in 19 competencies (79.17 percent). The curricular implication of this range from inclusion of the basic Humanities subjects of Geography, Economics and Commerce in the curriculum of Agricultural Science teachers programme and effective implementation of field trips to strengthen the relationship between theory in the school and practice in the field.

Recent achievements and trends in experimental plant biology

Between 21 and 25 September 2009, Krakow hosted the 4th Conference of the Polish Society of Experimental Plant Biology, co-organized with the Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, and supported by the Biochemical Society. The aim of the conference was to present and discuss the most important topics in different disciplines of plant experimental science as well as to facilitate the interaction and co-operation between scientists. To achieve this goal, about 30 top specialists in various areas of plant biology were invited to give plenary lectures in the following sessions: Plant structure and development; Plant-microbial interactions; Mitochondria and chloroplasts in cell metabolism; Stress tolerance in plants; Structural and functional organization of plant genomes; Mutants in developmental and metabolic studies; Secondary metabolites as pharmaceutics and nutraceutics; Plant membranes; and Integrating plant functions via signalling molecules: molecular mechanisms. Some of the main problems highlighted in the plenary lectures are briefly summarized in the present paper. Two poster sessions enabled a discussion of over 200 posters presented. The conference had an international character, its official language was English, and among the more than 350 participants, about 60 were from abroad. Several plenary lectures were prepared as short review papers and they are published in this issue of Biochemical Society Transactions.

Statistical Measure Of Association Between Smoking And Lung Cancer In Abakaliki, Ebonyi State Nigeria

The hazards of smoking in relation to lung cancer can never be over emphasized. In recent times shortly after Ebonyi State was created in 1996, the capital territory has increasingly been polluted by either quarry operators, motorcycle (Okada) riders or reckless cigarette smokers and bush burning. To investigate the havoc caused by all these on people, questionnaire was distributed among smokers and non smokers in various areas of specialization and habitations. In measuring the significance of association and the degree of association, a chi2 test and odds ratio method of analysis was employed. The result of the analysis showed that non-smokers do suffer lung cancer. It also revealed that the chances of a smoker to have lung cancer is 1.765 times higher than that of a non-smoker. Analysis also showed that lung cancer depends on age of smokers. It was later discovered that middle aged population are mostly affected, by the reason of chi2 partitioning. This research recommends that proper disposal of smoke by industrialists should be encouraged. In addition, there should be a legislation of indecent smoking habit. The purpose of this work is to measure the association between smoking and lung a cancer in a Nigerian population where Abakaliki Urban is taken as sampled population.

Activity of the CIRIAS as regards energy and environment

CIRIAS an interdisciplinary research facility – theoretical and applied – of the University of Palermo, offening its services to the territory, proposes to conduct studies and research, teach highly technical and scientific skills, develop seminars and conferences, and manage databanks in collaboration with public or private institutions. Currently adhering to the Centre are scholars covering various areas of specialization (Economics, Engineering, Agriculture, Psychology). Through its specialists it is therefore able to develop and validate complex systems of industrial automation, industrial robotics, underwater robotics and, socio-economic systems that govern not only industrial production but also the sector of transport, telecommunications and environmental pollution; to carry out studies on predictive models related to the area, activities related to the new economy and tourism or other activities that the development of science and technology offer; to carry out training and consultancy in the field of automation for companies that operate in the territory.

ATTRIBUTES BELIEVED TO IMPACT FLAVOR: AN OPINION SURVEY

ABSTRACTThe definition of “flavor” is a term that appears to vary from one area to the next. A survey was conducted on 140 individuals in various areas of specialization (agriculture, food science, sensory evaluation, and the chemical senses) to see what sensations are thought to be involved in “flavor,” as well as whether there were any differences in definitions across groups. The results demonstrate that while a fairly stable definition of the term does exist, there is some difference in what different groups of expertise mean when they refer to “flavor.”

La evaluación curricular: Elemento imprescindible en la evaluación universitaria

In our country, institutions of higher education play an increasingly important social mission; They are committed to the training of specialists in various areas of knowledge. However, from the government of Miguel de la Madrid, you begin to question the achievement of its objectives. It is up to the administration of Salinas de Gortari when he begins to glimpse a new and attractive situation in the need to adapt the plans and training programs. Mechanisms to identify and determine those aspects that do not meet educational expectations are set. Evaluation, and yes, curriculum evaluation, it is of great importance in this regard, as it allows to know the situation in which are some of the key aspects in relation to teaching and research and the quality of learning, among others. The theory regarding curriculum evaluation presents certain methodological guidelines that guide and systematize intended to verify the achievement of institutional objectives and goals.

Rapid Therapeutic and Biotechnological Advances: Effects on Practice

As practices have rapidly evolved over the past 20 years into various areas of specialization, pharmacy managers have recognized different needs of specialists. Accelerated development of antineoplastic and biotechnological agents has propelled oncology practitioners and educators to keep with the pace of these developments. The rapid growth of biotechnology will play the most important role in shaping the direction of oncology pharmacy in the next decade. The development of recombinant growth factors, such as erythropoietin and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor as well as interleukins, interferons, and monoclonal antibodies, heralds a new era in the treatment and diagnosis of cancers. Pharmacy managers can assist this process by supporting clinicians and educators with excellent distributive services, readily accessible drug information resources, and the capability of attending continuing educational programs in the areas of biotechnology and new drug delivery systems.

Twelve‐year employment trends for speech communication graduates

Based on the premise that directions of graduate education are based in large measure on the economic realities of the market for trained professionals in the field, this essay explores salary trends and changes in demand for various areas of specialization as they are reflected in the positions listed in the monthly Bulletin of the SCA Placement Service from August, 1966, through July, 1978. An examination of the data produced by this research will help us understand the present status of the discipline, position ourselves to grasp opportunities for long‐term growth or development, and protect ourselves from the hazards of an uncertain future.

The Medical Transcriptionist Handbook

With 11 years of medical secretarial experience and thousands of medical terms under my belt, I still found Charles T. McConnico's book an excellent source of information. Terms that have become part of my daily vocabulary, words that I have stammered over in the past, and those that I will perhaps never see are well categorized here. Consisting of 17 chapters, this handbook outlines various areas of specialization with pertinent lists of words that the transcriptionist will undoubtedly require. Catering principally to the novice in the medical field, the book emphasizes the proper preparation of certain forms such as the history and physical examination, operative report, discharge summary, radiology examination, and autopsy report. McConnico also explains the use of the<i>PDR (Physicians Desk Reference</i>) and, as a valuable time saver, his book contains the correct spelling of common medications. Chapter 2 on Medical Etymology is also helpful. Here the

Motor Performance under Stress as a Function of the Amount of Practice

The effects of stress on performance are far from clear (Beam, 1955; Castanda & Lipsett, 1950; Farber & Spence, 1953). Stress has been shown to either improve or impair performance depending upon varying experimental conditions. Two factors that appear important in determining the effects of stress are the relative difficulry of the skill to be performed and the degree of proficiency in the skill when stress is inuoduced. Using a motor skill (balancing on a pivoted platform) that permitted the relative level of difficulty to be varied, Ryan (1961b) found that after 12 practice uials threat of electric shock had no deleterious effects on performance of an easier skill but impaired performance on a more difficult skill. Earlier Deese and Lazarus ( 1952 ), investigating the effects of failure-stress on rotary pursuit performance, found that stress introduced early produced a small decrement in performance, while failure-stress introduced late in learning produced a small facilitation. If the assumption can be made that skills become easier as learning progresses, these studies support each other. In Ryan's study stress had no effect on the easy skill but impaired the more difficult one. In the smdy by Deese and Lazarus stress had no effect on performance late in learning when the task would be assumed to be easiest, but early in learning when the task would be assumed ro be more difficult stress impaired performance. From chis it appears that the relative ease of performance may be a crucial factor in determining the effects of stress on performance, with stress having its most disruptive effect early in learning when performance appears most difficult, then becoming less disruptive as learning progresses. From this hypothesis the prediction would be that performance on the difficult motor skill used in the Ryan study (1961b) would not be expected to show the same deleterious effect under stress late in learning as it did earlier. METHOD Silbject~.-Ss were 40 male university students, all volunteers, from various areas of specialization. None had previous experience in performing similar tasks.