Physical Activity Variables Research Articles

Differences in physical activity, sedentary time, and anthropometric variables among children and adolescents: The TUBON project

Background. Although physical inactivity may lead to increasing obesity prevalence, research on anthropometric variables changes based on physical activity (PA) in children and adolescents is limited. PA decreases with age, while sedentary behavior increases. The study aimed to examine differences in objectively measured sedentary time, light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) between children and adolescents, and the differences in the percentiles of anthropometric variables between physically active and inactive groups according to World Health Organization PA recommendations. Methods. A total of 759 participants aged 6-17 years (boys, n=358; girls, n=401) were included in the study. The ActiGraph wGT3x-BT accelerometer was used to measure sedentary time, LPA, and MVPA. Height, weight, waist circumference (WC), triceps skinfold thickness (T-SFT), and medial-calf skinfold thickness (M-SFT) were measured. Body fat percentage (BF%) and body mass index (BMI) were calculated, and the percentiles of anthropometric variables were categorized. Results. The findings showed that children had less sedentary time and a higher LPA than adolescents for both genders (p<0.05). Children had a higher MVPA than adolescents in girls (p<0.05), but the difference was insignificant in boys (p>0.05). In boys, physically active children were in lower percentiles for T-SFT and BF% than those who did not (p<0.05). In boys, adolescents who were physically inactive were in higher percentiles for BMI, T-SFT, M-SFT, and BF% (p<0.05). In addition, in girls, adolescents who were physically active were in lower percentiles of BMI, M-SFT, and BF%, whereas children who were physically active were in lower percentiles of M-SFT and BF% (p<0.05). Conclusion. Sedentary time increases while PA decreases with age. Children and adolescents who met the WHO PA recommendation had lower percentiles of anthropometric variables, indicating the importance of PA in preventing obesity in these age groups.

Abstract 4137880: Access to exercise opportunities, physical inactivity and cardiovascular mortality: A nationwide study in the U.S.

Aims: Despite efforts to promote physical activity, the prevalence of physical inactivity continues to rise. Exercise access influences population activity levels, but county-level variation in physical activity and its link to cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality is unclear. We explored the associations between access to exercise opportunities, levels of physical inactivity, and CVD mortality across U.S. counties Methods: The County Health Rankings and Roadmaps data and CDC WONDER mortality data were integrated. We compared age-adjusted CVD mortality across county-level quartiles of access to exercise opportunities and physical inactivity. Stratification was performed based on age, sex, race, and urbanization. The rate ratio (RR) for CVD mortality was calculated using generalized linear models. Results: CVD mortality decreased from high to low values of the county-level of physical activity across all demographic subgroups (P<0.001) (Table 1&Figure 1). Access to exercise opportunities was significantly associated with a reduced risk of CVD mortality (RR, 0.93 [0.91–0.95]), which was most pronounced in relation to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) mortality (RR, 0.80 [0.76–0.85]). The county-level physical inactivity was associated with an increased risk of CVD mortality (RR, 1.16 [1.14–1.17]), especially for ischemic heart disease (IHD) mortality (RR, 1.35 [1.31–1.38]) and AMI mortality (RR, 1.32 [1.25–1.38]) (Figure 2). All demographic subgroups demonstrated similar benefits by improving the county-level indicators of physical activity. Conclusion: Counties have the potential to make significant strides in preventing CVD and improving the cardiovascular health of their populations by enhancing access to exercise opportunities and reducing physical inactivity.

Differences in Physical Activity and Self-Rated Health Levels Based on Satisfaction with Physical Environment of Local Communities: From School to Lifelong Physical Education

Background: In Korea, substantial disparities exist in physical environments across regions, exacerbating the polarization between metropolitan and provincial areas and urban and rural regions. Objectives: This study examines the differences in the physical activity and self-rated health of local communities in relation to satisfaction with the physical environment. By identifying and addressing these underlying causes of health disparities, the study provides foundational data to inform policy efforts. Methods: The study utilized data from the 2023 Community Health Survey conducted by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. It included 231,752 individuals aged 19 and older (105,754 men and 125,998 women) selected through a two-stage probability proportional systematic sampling method. One-on-one online interviews were conducted from 16 May to 31 July 2023. The physical environment was assessed based on public satisfaction with safety, natural and living environments, public transportation, and medical services. Study variables included subjective health status and physical activity, with subvariables for physical activity encompassing the duration of vigorous and moderate physical activity, walking, and flexibility exercises. For data analysis, MANOVA and ANOVA were conducted, with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Results: Considerable variations in physical activity were observed based on satisfaction with the local community environment. Regarding self-rated health, significant differences were found in safety levels, living environment, and medical services. Satisfaction with the physical environment positively influenced physical activity and self-rated health. Conclusion: Therefore, it is imperative to reduce disparities in the physical environment between regions and enhance residents’ satisfaction.

Physical Activity Variability in Patellofemoral Pain: Relationships with Clinical and Psychological Outcomes

ObjectivesTo (1) compare physical activity variability between individuals with patellofemoral pain (PFP) and pain-free individuals and (2) evaluate the relationships of physical activity variability with pain severity, symptom duration, disability, and pain catastrophizing in PFP cohorts. DesignCross-sectional case-control study. SettingUniversity research laboratory. ParticipantsIndividuals with PFP (N=34) and pain-free individuals (N=34) aged 18 to 40 years. InterventionsNot applicable. Main Outcome MeasuresWe assessed physical activity (daily steps and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]) over a period of 14 consecutive days using a triaxial accelerometer. Variability (coefficient of variation) for daily steps and MVPA was calculated, where higher CV values indicate greater physical activity variability. We evaluated pain severity (numeric pain rating scale), symptom duration (months), disability (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score-Patellofemoral subscale), and pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale). Independent t-tests or Mann-Whitney U tests evaluated group differences in physical activity variability. Spearman ρ correlation coefficients were calculated to determine the relationships of physical activity variability with pain severity, symptom duration, disability, and pain catastrophizing in PFP cohorts. Correlation coefficients were interpreted as weak (<0.40), moderate (0.40–0.70), and strong (>0.70). ResultsAge, height, and mass did not differ between individuals with PFP and pain-free individuals (P>.05). Individuals with PFP displayed greater variability in daily steps (P<.001) and MVPA (P=.001) compared to pain-free individuals. In individuals with PFP, greater variability in daily steps was moderately related to higher pain severity (ρ=0.41, P=.016), while greater variability in MVPA was weakly related to higher pain severity (ρ=0.36, P=.037). ConclusionsIndividuals with PFP demonstrated greater physical activity variability compared to pain-free individuals, which positively related to more severe pain. Future PFP research may explore the underlying factors contributing to increased physical activity variability and their potential implications for pain management.

Actigraphy Study Endpoints to Reduce Sample Size and Facilitate Drug Development for Pediatric Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

To investigate the feasibility of using actigraphy to measure physical activity (pA) and heart rate variability (HRV) as study endpoints in pediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and to compare their performance to six-minute-walk distance (6MWD), a common primary endpoint used in PAH clinical trials in adults and children who can walk and understand the test process. We conducted a prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study in pediatric PAH patients and healthy children. Actiheart™ and Fitbit Charge 2™ recorded pA and heart rate (HR) data. HRV was defined as standard deviation of daily HR. Actigraphy pA and HRV and 6MWD from the same subjects were analyzed to compare children with PAH with controls, and Panama functional classification (FC) III versus II. Power/sample size simulations were conducted to detect hypothetical treatment effect equivalent to differences seen between FC III and FC II. We enrolled 116 children; 90 and 98 adhered with Actiheart and Fitbit, respectively. Actigraphy daily pA was ∼36% lower (P<0.05) and daily HRV was ∼18% lower (P<0.05) in children with PAH (n=62) than healthy controls (n=54). Daily pA and daily HRV trended ∼17% lower in FC III than FC II, whereas 6MWD showed little difference. Simulation at 80% power showed that pA required 175 subjects per group and HRV required 40 per group to detect the difference/effect, whereas 6MWD required over our maximum sample size of 200. Actigraphy is a feasible measure in pediatric PAH. Compared with 6MWD, pA and HRV may be more sensitive in differentiating Panama FC III from II. HRV may improve actigraphy's utility in pediatric PAH.

Self-reported physical activity and gait in older adults without dementia: A longitudinal study.

Physical activity (PA) is associated with higher gait speed. We aimed to examine the associations between PA and change in spatial and temporal gait measures as well as fall risk in community-dwelling individuals free of dementia. Longitudinal study among 4173 individuals aged ≥50 years (mean age 71 years; 2078 males; median follow-up 4 years) enrolled in the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging. Self-reported late-life PA was used to calculate overall PA and moderate-vigorous PA (MVPA) scores. Gait was assessed using GAITRite® and Zeno™ systems. Incident falls information was based on diagnostic codes retrieved from medical records. We ran linear mixed effects models to examine associations between z-scored PA variables and longitudinal gait parameters, adjusted for age, sex, education, body mass index (BMI), medical comorbidities, and including interactions between PA and time since baseline. In secondary analyses, we calculated Cox Proportional hazard models with age as time scale predicting incident falls by PA, adjusting for sex, education, BMI, medical comorbidities, and falls history. At baseline, higher PA was associated with higher velocity (overall PA: estimate 2.9935; MVPA: 2.2961; p < 0.001), higher cadence (overall PA: 1.0665; MVPA: 0.9073; p < 0.001), greater stride length (overall PA: 2.0805; MVPA: 1.4726; p < 0.001), shorter double support time (overall PA: -0.0257; MVPA: -0.0205; p < 0.001), and lower stance time variability (overall PA: -0.0204, p < 0.001; MVPA: -0.0152; p = 0.006). Overall PA was longitudinally associated with less decline in cadence, and MVPA with less increase in intraindividual stance time variability. Overall PA (Hazard ratio 0.892, 95% confidence interval 0.828-0.961, p = 0.003) and MVPA (HR 0.901; 95% CI 0.835-0.973, p = 0.008) were associated with a decreased risk of incident falls. Late-life PA was associated with favorable gait outcomes and decreased risk of incident falls. Thus, late-life PA may help to maintain gait performance and decrease fall risk in old age.

Cognitive behavioral therapy for symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation: effects on physical activity, sleep and heart rate variability

Abstract Background We have devised a novel psychological intervention, cognitive behavioral therapy for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF-CBT), that targets symptom preoccupation and avoidance behaviour. AF-CBT significantly improved cardiac anxiety and quality of life (QoL) in a randomized trial. To what extent this may be attributed to changes in physiological parameters is yet to be determined. Purpose A) to assess changes in objective and subjective measures of physical activity and sleep. B) to evaluate potential treatment effects on heart rate variability (HRV). Methods Patients with paroxysmal AF on optimal medical therapy (65.4±8.3 years, 58% women) and European Heart Rhythm Association Symptom Score ≥2b were randomized to a 10-week therapist-led online AF-CBT (n=65) or a control group (n=62), with the primary outcome of Atrial Fibrillation Effect on Quality-of-life (AFEQT). A Patch-Holter with an integrated accelerometer was applied for five days at baseline, post-treatment, and at three months follow-up. Each recording was divided into day and night (sleep time) based on posture, heart rate, and activity. HRV was analysed in both time and frequency domains, excluding AF episodes and aberrant beats. Results AFEQT increased from 62.4±14.3 to 83.7± 13.8 points in the AF-CBT group at the 3-month follow-up with a relative difference of 15.0 points. At baseline, the participants walked 8040±2600 steps/day and slept 8.0 ± 1.1 hours. AF-CBT did not increase physical activity, and there were no significant changes in objective sleep duration. The Insomnia Severity Score went from subclinical (12.2±6.7) to near normal values (8.1±5.6), which was significant as compared to controls (p=0.032). AF burden increased from 5.3% to 7.3% in the AF-CBT group and 5.0% to 9.2% in the control group, with no difference between the groups (p=0.59). We did not observe any change in heart rate or HRV indices at rest during the day or at night. Conclusion AF-CBT did not mediate its effects on QoL by improving objective physiological variables. Thus, our findings underline the importance of subjective, psychological, and behavioural aspects and indicate that AF-CBT might fill a void beyond medical and lifestyle interventions in comprehensive AF care.

The chain mediating effect of psychological inflexibility and stress between physical exercise and adolescent insomnia

Exploring the impact of physical exercise on adolescent insomnia and the chained mediating role of psychological inflexibility and stress between them. In September 2023, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 416 adolescents in Xiangxi Prefecture, collecting data on physical activity, insomnia, psychological inflexibility, stress, and related variables. Statistical analysis was performed, involving 215 boys and 201 girls with an average age of 15.37 ± 0.54 years. (1) Adolescent physical exercise showed significant negative correlations with stress (r =−0.329, P < 0.01), Psychological inflexibility (r =−0.251, P < 0.01), and insomnia (r =−0.286, P < 0.01). Stress exhibited significant positive correlations with Psychological inflexibility (r = 0.746, P < 0.01) and insomnia (r = 0.601, P < 0.01). Psychological inflexibility also demonstrated a significant positive correlation with insomnia (r = 0.555, P < 0.01). (2) Psychological inflexibility and stress were found to mediate the relationship between physical exercise and adolescent insomnia. This study found that the relationship between physical exercise and adolescent insomnia can be mediated by psychological inflexibility and stress, thereby further enriching the understanding of the psychological mechanisms linking these variables. It is recommended that governments and schools implement corresponding measures to promote adolescent participation in physical exercise. These initiatives can help reduce adolescents’ levels of Psychological Inflexibility, alleviate stress and insomnia issues, and simultaneously enhance their sleep quality, thereby promoting comprehensive development of their physical and mental health.

Influence of physical activity on the epigenetic clock: evidence from a Japanese cross-sectional study

BackgroundBiological age, especially epigenetic age derived from the epigenetic clock, is a significant measure of aging, considering the differences in aging rates among individuals. The epigenetic clock, a machine learning-based algorithm, uses DNA methylation states to estimate biological age. Previous studies have reported inconsistent associations between physical activity (PA) and the epigenetic clock, especially second-generation clocks such as PhenoAge and GrimAge. This study aimed to clarify this relationship using cross-sectional data from Japanese participants aged 40–69.MethodsWe used two datasets from the Saga J-MICC study, of which 867 samples were available for analysis. DNA methylation data from peripheral blood samples were used to calculate the epigenetic age using the epigenetic clocks PhenoAge and GrimAge. PA and sedentary time were measured using a single-axis accelerometer, while self-reported PA, sedentary time, and covariates were assessed using a self-administered questionnaire. The association between PA or sedentary time and epigenetic age acceleration was assessed using multiple linear regression.ResultsPearson's correlation coefficients between accelerometer-based and self-reported PA variables ranged from 0.09 to 0.20. Multivariable regression analysis showed that accelerometer-based PA and sedentary time were associated with epigenetic age decelerations and accelerations, respectively. However, self-reported PA was not associated with the epigenetic age accelerations.ConclusionsThese results indicate that reducing sedentary time and increasing PA were associated with slowing both PhenoAge and GrimAge, even in East Asian populations with different exercise habits, body shapes, and lifestyles. This study highlights the potential of objective second-generation epigenetic age acceleration as an outcome index for healthcare interventions and clinical applications.

Exploring the association between daily distributional patterns of physical activity and cardiovascular mortality risk among older adults in NHANES 2003-2006

PurposeCardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Physical activity (PA) has previously been shown to be a prominent risk factor for CVD mortality. Traditionally, measurements of PA have been self-reported and based on various summary metrics. However, recent advances in wearable technology provide continuously monitored and objectively measured physical activity data. This facilitates a more comprehensive interpretation of the implications of PA in the context of CVD mortality by considering its daily patterns and compositions. MethodsThis study utilized accelerometer data from the 2003–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) on 2816 older adults aged 50–85 and mortality data from the National Death Index (NDI) in December 2019. A novel partially functional distributional analysis method was used to quantify and understand the association between daily distributional patterns of physical activity and cardiovascular mortality risk through a multivariable functional Cox model. ResultsA higher mean intensity of daily PA during the day was associated with a reduced hazard of CVD mortality after adjusting for other higher order distributional summaries of PA and age, gender, race, body mass index (BMI), smoking and coronary heart disease (CHD). A higher daily variability of PA during afternoon was associated with a reduced hazard of CVD mortality, after adjusting for the other predictors, particularly on weekdays. The subjects with a lower variability of PA, despite having same mean PA throughout the day, could have a lower reserve of PA and hence could be at increased risk for CVD mortality. ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that not only the mean intensity of daily PA during daytime, but also the variability of PA during afternoon could be an important protective factor against the risk of CVD-mortality. Considering circadian rhythm of PA as well as its daily compositions can be useful for designing time-of-day and intensity-specific PA interventions to protect against the risk of CVD mortality.

Determinant factors of sedentary time in individuals with COPD

BackgroundThe factors influencing sedentary time (ST) of individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have not been thoroughly explored. AimTo identify determinant factors of ST in individuals with stable COPD. MethodsIndividuals with COPD had their ST and variables of physical activity (PA) cross-sectionally assessed during seven days with an activity monitor. Main variables were ST/day (<1.5 METs), steps/day, time/day in light PA (light PA/day, 1.5–2.9 METs) and in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA/day, ≥3 METs). Additional assessments included 6-min walking test (6MWT), Medical Research Council (MRC) scale, lung function and body composition. Multiple linear regression models were built with variables correlating significantly with ST/day. Results50 individuals were analyzed (44 % males; 66 ± 8 years; FEV1 50 ± 19%pred). ST/day was 488 ± 160 min (61 ± 15 % of the day). 6MWT, MRC scale, MVPA/day, steps/day and light PA/day correlated significantly with ST expressed as minutes/day or as % of the day. In the multiple regression analyses, variables explaining the variance of ST in minutes/day were MRC scale (1 %) and light PA/day (53 %) (model R2 = .541, p < 0.001) and of ST in % of the day were steps/day (53 %) and light PA/day (46 %) (model R2 = .994, p < 0.001). ConclusionIn individuals with COPD, the variance in sedentary time can be explained by dyspnea in daily life, step count and specially time/day in light PA, which reinforces the increase in light PA (rather than necessarily MVPA) as a strategy to reduce sedentary time.

The role of physical activity in falls prevention among older, actively treated cancer populations.

224 Background: Older cancer populations are at higher risks of falls and fall-related injuries undergoing formidable antineoplastic treatment, conditioned to greater physical and functional compromise. While passive risk surveillance and fall prevention strategies often render ineffective, emerging evidence has indicated the benefits of physical activity in reducing risk of falls. This study aimed to explore patient’s awareness and doctor’s advice regarding physical activity in relation to falls among older patients (&gt; 65) under active cancer treatment. Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on the public database from Medicare Health Outcome Survey (MHOS), which derived comprehensive patient-reported outcomes evaluating quality of care provided by Medicare health programs in the United States. Main exposures, including patient’s proactive consultation and doctor’s advice on promoting physical activity, were explored among beneficiaries sampled from 2018 to 2022 diagnosed with cancer and reported undergoing active treatment. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regressions were performed to calculate the risks of falls (Odds ratio, OR) associated with physical activity variables using the latest cohort (2022). Results: Among the total of 14937 (2018), 16927 (2019), 23027 (2020), 23512 (2021), and 21683 (2022) Medicare beneficiaries identified undergoing active cancer treatment, fall incidence sustained at around 30% (median: 30.54%, range 30.17% – 31.26%) of the target population. However, slightly over half of the target populations (median 56.81%, range 53.04% - 56.98%) had proactive consultations regarding physical activity, and even fewer reported receiving doctor’s advice to increase physical activity (median 51.35%, range 48.06% - 52.26%), without significant growth over the 5-year period. In addition, a 21.4% reduction in fall risk (OR=0.786, 95%CI=0.714-0.865) was noted among patients who had physical activity consultations with health professionals. Similarly, a 21.6% risk reduction (OR=0.784, 95%CI=0.713-0.863) was observed among those reported receiving doctor’s advice to increase physical activity level. Notably, the risk of falls associated with these physical variables remained significantly lower in lung (OR=0.667, 95%CI=0.45-0.948), colorectal (OR=0.642, 95%CI=0.436-0.944), and prostate cancer (OR=0.663, 95%CI=0.546-0.804) populations. Conclusions: The study showed an overall lower risk of falls among older cancer patients involved with physical activity, specifically those among lung, colorectal, and prostate cancer subpopulations. Future prospective trials are warranted to provide clinical validations and hence enhance public recognition as to promote the importance of physical activity in minimizing fall risks among older, actively treated cancer patients.

Effects of a sedentary behaviour intervention in emergency dispatch centre phone operators: a study protocol for the SECODIS randomised controlled cross-over trial

IntroductionSedentary behaviour is a public health problem. We mainly have sedentary behaviour at work, transforming them into occupational risk. To our knowledge, there is no intervention study on the reduction...

Intra- And Inter-Day Variability In Recess Physical Activity Over One Week In Young Children

Intra- And Inter-Day Variability In Recess Physical Activity Over One Week In Young Children

Prevalence of Substance Use Among Students in Health Colleges in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Substance misuse is a global and substantial health concern that includes the inappropriate use of illicit substances or prescription and over-the-counter medications, which subsequently leads to poor outcomes such as a mental health disorder, financial distress, work malfunction, and academic failure. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of substance use, identify associated risk factors, explore potential complications within this specific demographic, and investigate the relationship between sociodemographic/lifestyle variables such as age, gender, marital status, family income, smoking, physical activity, and academic variables including grade point averages (GPAs), study hours, and the parental educational level with substance use history among students in health colleges in Saudi Arabia. This quantitative, descriptive cross-sectional study employed a questionnaire-based approach to collect data from students in health colleges across the regions of Saudi Arabia in the year 2022. The study found the prevalence of the use of various substances among students in health colleges to be 20.2%. Multiple factors were found to be associated with substance abuse. Smoking habits were the strongest predictor of substance misuse, with 49.1% of smokers reporting a history of substance use, compared to only 15.5% of non-smokers. This makes smoking the most impactful lifestyle factor related to substance use. Sleep patterns also played a significant role. A notable 43.6% of those who took up to two hours to fall asleep reported substance use, followed by 32.4% of those with sleep disorders and 25.5% with poor sleep quality. Unpredictable sleep patterns and a history of sleep disorders further strengthened the link between disrupted sleep and substance misuse. Academic performance, specifically GPA, showed that individuals with lower academic achievement were more likely to report substance use. Among those with a GPA below 3.0, 43.5% had a history of substance use, while only 16.7% of those with a GPA above 4.5 did so. The findings underscored the high prevalence of substance use, even among students in health colleges, and shed light on its connection to specific determinants. This poses a serious public health concern, as substance use is associated with poorer GPA, diminished knowledge acquisition, and overall academic performance. This, in turn, may negatively impact their future roles as healthcare providers, compromising both the quality of patient care and their personal well-being. These results emphasize the need for further investigations to unravel the underlying mechanisms of substance misuse and formulate innovative strategies to address this pressing issue effectively.

Association of sedentary behavior and physical activity with occurrence of signs and symptoms in participants of a cardiac rehabilitation program

Sedentary behavior (SB) is associated with health impairments, while physical activity (PA) has been a protective factor. It is unclear whether SB and PA are associated with occurrence of signs and/or symptoms (SS) during cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP) exercise sessions. The objective was to evaluate the association between SB and PA with occurrence of SS. Was included 48 patients from a CRP program (64.7 ± 10.4 years-old). Daily time and % of time of SB and weekly time in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity [MVPA], % of MVPA time, steps/day, and steps/minute were accelerometer-measured. Patients were followed-up during 24 CRP sessions, for accompaniment of SS. Age, sex, and comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity) were covariates. Log-transformed values of SB, MVPA and steps/day were also analyzed. As results, 43.7% (n = 21) of participants presented occurrence of signs, 62.5% (n = 30) presented occurrence of symptoms, and 81.2% (n = 39) present occurrence of SS. In fully adjusted model, % of time in MVPA (β: −0.449,p = 0.045) and steps/minute (β: −0.244,p = 0.026) were inversely associated with occurrence of symptoms. No association was observed between SB and PA and occurrence of signs. The occurrence of symptoms and SS among CRP participants was directly associated with SB and inversely associated with variables of PA.

The lifestyle of new middle-aged and older adults in Taiwan described by wearable device: age and gender differences.

Studies of lifestyle through comprehensive objective and subjective measurements of health outcomes are lacking. An examination of lifestyle factors in middle-aged and older adults in terms of age, gender, and the interaction effect of age and gender from physiological and psychological perspectives are imperative. Recent advances in technology such as actigraphy have facilitated objective measurements. This exploratory study contributes to research on age and gender interactions on circadian rhythm, physical activity, sleep, and psychological variables by employing wrist accelerometers to measure behavioral circadian rhythm objectively and by using questionnaires to assess psychological status subjectively. The data were drawn from 218 participants aged 50 and older from the "Middle-aged and older adults Chinese Health and Actigraphy in Taiwan (MOCHA-T)". The results: (1) older adult group is associated with declined physical activity (MVPA time 79.9min VS. 107.9min, p = .002), worse sleep efficiency (78.1% VS. 81.9%, p = .008), and earlier lifestyle (Acrophase 14.19h VS. 14.69h, p = .01) comparing to middle-aged group. (2) Women have a more regular lifestyle (Interdaily stability 0.6 VS. 051, p < 0.001), higher physical activity (MVPA time 105.7min VS. 79.3min, p = .004), and better sleep efficiency (81.6% VS. 77.8%, p = .011) than men. (3) Significant age-by-gender interactions existed in life satisfaction (p = .025), relative amplitude (p = .016), and total wake time (p = .038). Furthermore, aging was associated with significant increases in life satisfaction among men as well as significant decreases in relative amplitude and reductions in the total wake time among women. In conclusion, aging exerted differential effects on life satisfaction in men as well as relative amplitude and the total wake time in women. This result highlights disparities in lifestyle arising from interconnected social and biological challenges.

Abstract B072: Physical activity among South Asian mother-daughter dyads residing in the U.S.: Influence of U.S. and Asian acculturation

Abstract Background: Engaging regularly in physical activity (PA) can lower cancer risks. Existing literature shows that South Asian women and girls residing in the U.S. have low moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA); however, there is little research on the influence of unique sociocultural determinants such as acculturation on PA. Even less is known about the association between acculturation and PA in South Asian mother-daughter dyads, especially where the two have different acculturation levels. Methods: Data came from the baseline assessment of the South Asians Active Together (SAATH) trial, a two-arm randomized clinical trial of an 8-week culturally adapted intervention to increase PA among South Asian mothers and daughters. Mainstream U.S. acculturation and Asian acculturation were measured for each separately using the Suinn-Lew Asian Self Identity Acculturation Scale (SL-ASIA; range 1-5, higher scores indicate higher acculturation). (Mainstream U.S. acculturation corresponds to the “Western” acculturation construct in SL-ASIA; here we refer to that same concept using a more nuanced term that better reflects the complexities of acculturation for immigrants in the U.S.) PA variables include PA barriers, PA self-efficacy, self-reported transportation and leisure-time MVPA, and accelerometer-measured MVPA (minutes/day). Using the Actor Partner Interdependence Model (APIM) in R (version 4.4) and controlling for age as a covariate, we tested dyadic associations between mothers’ and daughters’ mainstream U.S. and Asian acculturation and PA variables. Results: The baseline assessment included 126 mother-daughter dyads. On average, participants’ Asian acculturation score (M=4.5, SD=0.6 for mothers; M=3.9, SD=0.8 for daughters) was higher than U.S. acculturation score (M=3.1, SD=1.0 for mothers; M=3.4, SD=0.8 for daughters). In APIM analyses, for daughters, higher U.S. acculturation was associated with lower PA barriers (β=-0.20), and higher Asian acculturation was associated with higher PA self-efficacy (β=0.18). For mothers, higher U.S. acculturation was associated with lower PA barriers (β=-0.20) and higher PA self-efficacy (β=0.21). For mothers, higher Asian acculturation was also associated with lower PA barriers (β=-0.23), higher PA self-efficacy (β=0.36), and higher accelerometer-measured MVPA (β=26.71). Interestingly, mothers’ Asian acculturation was also positively associated with daughters’ PA self-efficacy (β=0.16). Conclusion: We observed positive associations of both U.S. and Asian acculturation with several PA-related variables among South Asian mothers and daughters, which underscores the importance of bilinear acculturation measurements and influences on PA. Mothers’ Asian acculturation was associated with daughters’ PA self-efficacy, which merits further exploration. Citation Format: Milkie Vu, Soyang Kwon, Nicola Lancki, Rency Roy, Mudita Rastogi, David Marquez, Namratha Kandula. Physical activity among South Asian mother-daughter dyads residing in the U.S.: Influence of U.S. and Asian acculturation [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr B072.

Predicting sleep based on physical activity, light exposure, and Heart rate variability data using wearable devices

Objective We aimed to improve the performance of sleep prediction algorithms by increasing the data amount, adding variables reflecting psychological state, and adjusting the data length. Materials and Methods We used ActiGraph GT3X+® and Galaxy Watch Active2™ to collect physical activity and light exposure data. We collected heart rate variability (HRV) data with the Galaxy Watch. We evaluated the performance of sleep prediction algorithms based on different data sources (wearable devices only, sleep diary only, or both), data lengths (1, 2, or 3 days), and analysis methods. We defined the target outcome, ‘good sleep’, as ≥90% sleep efficiency. Results Among 278 participants who denied having sleep disturbance, we used data including 2136 total days and nights from 230 participants. The performance of the sleep prediction algorithms improved with an increased amount of data and added HRV data. The model with the best performance was the extreme gradient boosting model; XGBoost, using both sources combined data with HRV, and 2-day data (accuracy=.85, area under the curve =.80). Conclusions The results show that the performance of the sleep prediction models improved by increasing the data amount and adding HRV data. Further studies targeting insomnia patients and applied researches on non-pharmacological insomnia treatment are needed.

Physical activity, musculoskeletal disorders and academic motivation of high school students: is there a correlation?

Purpose. This study aims to explore the correlations of physical activity, musculoskeletal disorders and academic motivation among senior high school students due to the COVID-19 pandemic which had impacted all aspects of life, including education system, especially in Indonesia. Material and Methods. The method used is correlational research. The participant consisted of 139 students from senior high school 8 Jakarta in Indonesia by sharing an online questionnaire. International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to evaluate physical activity. Nordic Body Map was used to evaluate the musculoskeletal disorders, and academic motivation scale (AMS) was used to evaluate their academic motivation. The data in the study were analyzed using the Spearman rank test to determine the significance of the relationship, the direction of the relationship and the strength of the relationship between variables. Results. The result showed that there was no correlation between physical activity, academic motivation, and musculoskeletal disorders in students. Conclusions. Thus, this study confirmed that there was no correlation between the variables of physical activity, academic motivation, and musculoskeletal disorders. Keywords: physical activity, musculoskeletal disorders, academic motivation