Variety Of Personnel Research Articles

The Challenges of Professional Competence of Lviv Region Military Conductors in the First Decades of the XXth Century

"Internal application and social functions of the orchestras of different military formations on the territory of Ukrainian lands during the first half of the XXth century had their own history, including Lviv Region. This Region as the whole Galicia had gone through the numerous political transformations and changes of political systems. Each of such transformation put forward new requirements to the military musical art, thus, to the activity of military conductors. The aim of the article is the analysis of the tasks, demands, social and cultural background of the conditions of work, potential audience, the peculiarities of performance repertoire, professional training of the membership of the orchestra companies and the conductors of the orchestra’s groups of the Regular Army during the first decades of the XXth century. Such investigation based on historical, structural and systemic methods has been made for the first time. The military subunits of Lviv region of the period of Austrian regime (infantry regiments 10, 15, 23, 30, 55, 80) involved in their units Germans, Czechs, Austrians, Hungarians and less numerously presented Russians and Poles (55 and 80 infantry regiments that had their headquarters in Lviv and dislocated partially in Stryj and Zolochiv). Each of them obligatory had their own musical groups: mainly brass or competent symphony orchestra which included numerous Czech musicians and trumpeters as a separate unit. Each orchestra performer, as a rule, played two different instruments (brass and stringed). Their work was supervised by bandmaster and warrant officer – tambour major (who supervised group’s training as a conductor of the orchestra and their preparation to the defile), they were mainly Austrians, Germans and Czechs. Besides applicable military functions the orchestras took part in the civilian ceremonies, divine services and funeral ceremonies, every week at holidays and Sundays they carried out unmounted and hoarse defile along the city with march and light music of European authors under arrangements of their conductors (namely, arrangements of folk songs and dances), performed programs of European classical music in concert halls; and in public places: in park platforms, skating rigs; they also made guest-performance tours to the recreation resorts. In 1918 with the formation of Polish State there were some transformations in musical sphere of Polish Army and the USS Army. The conductors of military orchestras of Lviv region of the first decades of the XXth century faced the vast complex of tasks: the ability to work with the variety of personnel in the open air (in the field), in the square, hoarse defile and unmounted defile) in the covered concert-theatrical, theatrical buildings; mastering, providing, creation and adaptation of the universal repertoires to the real performance, potential and concert conditions, ensuring the training conditions of the new generation to the range of professional orchestras of academic level, the creation of programs, which provide with image and representative functions of the army, as well as to satisfy the needs of social and cultural topicality. Keywords: military conductors, tambour-major, performance repertoire of military orchestras, social and cultural functions of orchestra music. "

Post-secondary Transition Services and the Role of the Occupational Therapist

Post-secondary transition services are federally mandated, yet there are great differences in implementation. The purpose of this study was to explore the current practices in post-secondary transition services and to understand how occupational therapists are involved in transition services. Public school administrators from 11 school districts were interviewed, all of whom work in transition services. Triangulation of data, member and stakeholder checks were all completed for validation and to ensure trustworthiness. Analysis of the interviews revealed four assertions: a) Districts use a variety of personnel as the transition coordinator b) Transition assessments need to be continuous and more comprehensive c) More training is needed for the entire transition process d) Occupational therapists are underutilized in transition services From these assertions, one global theme emerged: There is a need for increased training on the overall process to deliver best practice transition services, including timeline, assessments, agency involvement, and training for parents and staff. This study also discussed the importance of parent involvement for student success. Future research is recommended on the implementation of the pre-employment transition services and the process of evaluating students throughout their transition years.

Subjective and objective assessment of sedentary behavior among college employees

BackgroundHigh levels of sedentary behavior are linked to increased mortality. In the United States, individuals spend 55–70% of their waking day being sedentary. Since most individuals spend large portions of their daily lives at work, quantifying the time engaged in sedentary behavior at work is emerging as an important health determinant. Studies profiling academic institutions, where a variety of personnel with diverse job descriptions are employed, are limited. Available studies focus mostly on subjective methods, with few using objective approaches. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to assess sedentary behavior among all occupational groups of a college in the Northeastern United States utilizing both a subjective and an objective method.MethodsCollege employees (n = 367) completed the Occupational Sitting and Physical Activity Questionnaire (OSPAQ). A sub-sample of these employees (n = 127) subsequently wore an activPAL3 accelerometer 24 h per day for seven consecutive days. Outcome variables were time spent sitting, standing, stepping, and total number of steps. To assess fragmentation of sedentary behavior, the average duration of a sitting bout and sitting bouts/sitting hour were calculated. Differences between administrators, faculty, and staff, were analyzed using multivariate and univariate analyses of variance.ResultsThe OSPAQ results indicated that administrators spent more of their working day sedentary (73.2 ± 17.7%) than faculty members (58.5 ± 19.6%, p < 0.05). For the objective phase of the study, complete data were analyzed from 86 participants. During a waking day, administrators (64.0 ± 8.1%) were more sedentary than faculty (56.0 ± 7.9%, p < 0.05) and fragmented their sitting less than staff (3.7 ± 0.7 and 4.5 ± 7.9 bouts of sitting/sitting hour, respectively; p < 0.05). This pattern was also seen during working hours, with administrators (4.9 ± 2.1) taking fewer breaks per hour than staff (6.9 ± 3.0, p < 0.05).ConclusionsAdministrators are the most sedentary members of the campus community. However, overall, the level of sedentary behavior among employees was high. This study highlights the need for sedentary behavior interventions in the college/university environment.

Crumpling and Unfolding of Montmorillonite Hybrid Nanocoatings as Stretchable Flame-Retardant Skin.

Flame-retardant coatings are widely used in a variety of personnel or product protection, and many applications would benefit from film stretchability if suitable materials are available. It is challenging to develop flame-retardant coatings that are stretchable, eco-friendly, and capable of being integrated on mechanically dynamic devices. Here, a concept is reported that uses pretextured montmorillonite (MMT) hybrid nanocoatings that can undergo programed unfolding to mimic the stretchability of elastomeric materials. These textured MMT coatings can be transferred onto an elastomeric substrate to achieve an MMT/elastomer bilayer device with high stretchability (225% areal strain) and effective flame retardancy. The bilayer composite is utilized as flame-retardant skin for a soft robotic gripper, and it is demonstrated that the actuated response can manipulate and rescue irregularly shaped objects from a fire scene. Furthermore, by depositing the conformal MMT nanocoatings on nitrile gloves, the firefree gloves can endure direct flame contact without ignition.

Who’s Driving? The Role and Training of the Human Patient Simulation Operator

Within the airline industry, where much of simulation-based education originated, cockpit simulators are operated by current or former pilots whose expertise ensures the authenticity of the training experience. As yet, identifying the most appropriate person to run a patient simulator has not been translated into healthcare. Furthermore, few training resources exist for those who must learn the intricacies of the relationship between patient simulators, simulation scenarios, and educational objectives. This article reviews literature related to the role, educational preparation, and training of the patient simulator operator and explores solutions to the uncertainty about the difference between simulator operators and technicians. Because simulators are operationally intensive and because scarce faculty may be best used to facilitate student learning within the laboratory, the tendency has been to use a variety of personnel to manage patient simulators. Recommendations for standardizing the role of the operator that are consistent with the pedagogical purposes of simulation are offered. Potential questions are posed, and methods for future work are discussed.

The Effect of a Family Support Intervention on Physician, Nurse, and Family Perceptions of Care in the Surgical, Neurological, and Medical Intensive Care Units

Many patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) have predictable medical and discharge outcomes, but some trajectories are marked with medical uncertainty. Stressed family-surrogates receive multiple medical updates from a variety of personnel. These circumstances can lead to confusion, which may result in conflicts and dissatisfaction with care. This study examined the effects of adding a family support coordinator to the surgical, neurological, and medical ICUs on family, physician, and nurse satisfaction with communication and care. A quasi-experimental design was conducted in 2 sequential phases (baseline and intervention). The data sources were 2 surveys: (1) Family Satisfaction Survey and (2) Nurse and Physician Perception and Satisfaction Survey. Family Satisfaction Survey data, a combined data set, were collected in the 3 ICUs. Nurse and Physician Perception and Satisfaction Survey data were collected from the attending physicians and critical care nurses in the medical and neurological ICUs. Results show that family ratings of satisfaction with ICU team communication and care generally increased as a result of the intervention. Overall, physician and nurse perceptions of communication and care did not change as a result of the intervention.

Emergency intubation using a light wand in patients with facial trauma

Airway management in the operating room is the responsibility of anesthesiologists, although a variety of personnel may be responsible for airway management outside the operating room. Emergency department physicians are prominently involved in airway management in the emergency room both independently and with anesthesiologists. Airway management in trauma patients remains the domain of anesthesiologists. An 18-year old male patient was brought to our emergency room after an alleged history of suicidal attempt with gunshot under the chin. He was scheduled to undergo emergency tracheotomy, debridement, and closure of facial laceration under general anaesthesia, presenting a challenge for. He had to undergo emergency tracheotomy, debridement, and closure of facial lacerations under general anesthesia. The injuries made the patient's airway management a complex issue. We present the use of the light wand to manage the difficult airway of this patient with complex facial trauma.

Relevance and application of TEACH-VIP: perspective from a developing nation – India

TEACH-VIP (Training, Educating and Advancing Collaboration in Health on Violence and Injury Prevention) was developed by the World Health Organization in response to the need for formal training materials and curriculum relating to violent injuries. The course is meant for utilization in diverse settings and by different nations to raise awareness among professionals about this public health issue. TEACH-VIP is designed so that the content can be customized to local scenarios and needs, to make it more locally relevant. This article examines the relevance and application of the course within the Indian setting. It focuses on three violence issues covered in TEACH-VIP: gender-based violence, child and adolescent sexual abuse and self-inflicted harm, reviewing evidence from local research studies, suggesting points for adaptation and highlighting the multiple stakeholder responses. Such local adaptations would serve the major objective of TEACH-VIP by facilitating the prevention of violence and injury through the training of a variety of personnel.

A Standards based Ontological Approach to Information Handling for use by Organizations Providing Human Tissue for Research

Tissue resources have become an important component of the infrastructure of institutions as well as companies performing biomedical research. Such tissue resources may be in the model of a bank, collecting a limited type of tissues and processing and storing them following a specific protocol. Such banks or archives may be associated with a clinical study or may function indepedently. An alternative type of tissue resource is utilized by many institutions and cancer centers. In this model, the investigator specifies the methods by which selected tissues are to be collected, processed and stored. In such a “prospective model”, initially developed at the University of Alabama at Birmingham and the Ohio State University in the late 1970's and adopted by the Cooperative Human Tissue Network in 1986, specific types of tissues are not collected unless requested by an investigator. At some sites, both a prospective and an archival (bank) model are followed. This article describes an informatics approach needed to support a prospective tissue resource. It is by necessity more complicated than a model which supports a tissue bank but also can be used by a tissue bank. Of great importance is the approach to vocabulary and common data elements needed to support the informatics system of a prospective tissue resource, especially if the informatics system is to be used by a variety of personnel with greatly varying educational backgrounds.

Managing Personnel in Major Sport Event Organizations: What Strategies are Required?

In Australia, the state of Victoria has been successful in securing many major sport events. Examples of such events annually conducted in Victoria are the Australian Open Tennis Championships, the Australian Formula One Grand Prix, The Melbourne Cup, and the Australian Football League Grand Final. Apart from these annual events, Victoria has also been successful in conducting the Bledisloe (rugby) Cup, the 2002 World Yachting Championship, the 2002 World Master Games, and the 2005 Deaflympics. Victoria was also successful in its bids to host the 2006 Commonwealth Games and the 2007 World Swimming Championship. These events have also attracted large audiences, which in part are the result of the efficient management of the organizations that coordinate these events. However, this begs the question: What underpinned the operation of such organizations, and were tailored or sport-specific practices incorporated for managing personnel? The purpose of this article is to explore the management processes of two major sport events, and examine the extent to which tailored or sport-specific management practices for personnel were incorporated by each of the major sport event managers. Semistructured interviews were conducted with managers from two event organizations—the Australian Tennis Open and the Australian Grand Prix Corporation—and supporting documentation was gathered to verify issues raised in the interviews. The findings revealed two distinctive types of practices. First, a number of systematic and tailored practices were used to manage personnel in each of these major sport event organizations. On the other hand, there were instances where guidance was lacking, and personnel were left to interpret detailed induction manuals with little supervision. As a result, many inconsistent practices were performed and personnel often felt alienated from the management team. On the basis of these results, it is recommended that more detailed documentation and guidance be utilized to manage the variety of personnel during the life cycle of major sport events.

An interdisciplinary team approach to providing dysphagia treatment in the schools.

The diagnosis and treatment of pediatric dysphagia in school systems are still in the infancy stages. They are being addressed in a variety of ways and by a variety of personnel. Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) in school systems throughout the country are faced with students who exhibit the signs and symptoms of dysphagia; however, there is a lack of organized procedures for the diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia in the schools. In some cases, SLPs are asked to treat a disorder for which they have no training. In both scenarios there are concerns about the services that students are receiving as well as professional liability. The purpose of this article is to address some of the more pressing issues related to the diagnosis and treatment of dysphagia in the schools and to provide the school-based SLP with some solutions to these problems. The question to be answered is, What is the best way to address dysphagia in the schools?

Assessment of drug abuse prevention curricula developed at the local level.

Public schools are a critical site for drug abuse prevention and education. Although in recent years prevention curriculum developers have been able to identify successful strategies, it is not clear how well these findings have been transferred to local schools. This article reports on a study of schools that have developed their own drug abuse prevention curriculum. The process that these schools used is compared to a model of curriculum development. In general, the process that local schools use is characterized by high levels of involvement by a variety of personnel, low levels of training, little use of resources outside the school corporation, poor training of teachers who will be implementing the curriculum, and little evaluation. Availability of external funds for development from federal or state sources were powerful motivators for curriculum development. Recommendations for changes in professional development and curriculum materials availability are made.

Impact of IT on health care professionals: changes in work and the productivity paradox.

Health care organizations are under increasing pressure to become more efficient while at the same time maintaining or improving the quality of care. Information technology (IT), with its potential to increase efficiency, accuracy and accessibility of information, has been expected to play an important role in supporting these changes. We report the impact of patient care information systems on health care professionals in five community hospitals. The study framework incorporated both quality of care in Donabedian's elements of structure-process-outcome and Grusec's three levels of IT impact: direct substitution, proceduralization and new capabilities. The study results suggest that, for specific tasks, IT increased efficiency and productivity--a single employee was able to complete more tasks. However, this produced other consequences not predicted. Participants noted this change did not 'free up time' to spend with patients, but meant there were potentially more opportunities to provide services and more tasks to complete. Other effects included: reduced job satisfaction as more time was spent on the computer; less frequent interactions with patients and for shorter duration; and an increasingly 'visible' accountability as performance was easily monitored. There were also changes in roles and responsibilities as the computer enabled tasks to be carried out from a number of locations and by a variety of personnel. When innovations are introduced into organizations there are both expected and unexpected consequences. Increased awareness of the interactive relationship between computer users and the technology helps organizations better understand why results do, or do not, occur. One must look beyond just simply increasing productivity by replacing manual tasks with automated ones, to examining how the changes influence the nature of work and relationships within the organization.

Enforcement of judgments

The present Chronique examines the law on enforcement of judgments in ten European jurisdictions. (The term 'enforcement' rather than 'execution' is used because of the relatively narrow meaning of execution of a judgment within English law.) In the last seven years a number of the jurisdictions under consideration have made more or less extensive revisions of their laws on enforcement of judgments. Most notable is the complete overhaul of the law in France contained in L. 91-650 and D. 92-755. Less complete, but still substantial, revisions have been made in Portugal (Decree law 329-A/95 of 12 December 1995 as modified by Decree law 180/96 of 25 December 1996) and Austria (Exekutionsordnungs Novellen 1991 and 1995). Changes have also been introduced in all of the other laws under consideration. Areas which have attracted reform in several jurisdictions include in particular the specification of the property of the debtor which remains immune from execution, and the obtaining of information from the debtor as to his assets. Clearly the Chronique cannot hope to provide an exhaustive comparison, but it attempts to highlight key similarities and differences in approach that are adopted within Europe. Before looking at the methods of execution themselves, the Chronique deals with a number of preliminary issues. An introductory section sets out the various kinds of obligation that may be recognised in a judgment and provides a brief overview of the different methods of execution that may be employed for each type of obligation. The Chronique then goes on to consider the formal requirements that may need to be satisfied before enforcement of a judgment can take place. It is noted at this point that a judgment is just one form of enforceable title. Other titles are also enforceable under the laws of all states considered, although considerable variations exist as to the types of title that are recognised. The varying approaches of the legal systems under consideration as to provisional enforcement are also considered in this section. If an enforceable title exists, further formal requirements that may have to be satisfied before execution of the judgment can take place include proof of enforceability and service of the judgment. A further preliminary issue is the variety of personnel that may be involved in the enforcement process. Considerable differences between systems exist both as to the allocation of tasks between courts, lawyers and bailiffs, and as to the regulation and training of bailiffs. An important section is devoted to the question of effectiveness of the creditor's title. This involves consideration of the mechanisms available to assist the creditor to find out information about the debtor's assets; the extent to which evasive action on the part of the debtor, by effecting dispositions of property, may be counteracted; the immunities and exemptions recognised by the law of each jurisdiction; and the extent to which measures exist to deal with debtors who have acquired an unmanageable burden of debt. On each issue considerable diversity of approach can be identified, although in relation to assets immune from seizure there is a strong core of shared values. The Chronique then moves on to look at the methods of execution themselves. This part of the Chronique is divided into three sections. It looks first at enforcement of money obligations, through the seizure of movable property, garnishment and seizure of immovable property. It then deals with obligations to perform a certain act or abstain from certain conduct, which are dealt with by mechanisms such as substitute performance, fines, sequestration and imprisonment. The final section concerns obligations to deliver property, which are mainly enforced via seizure of the property and fines. Particular attention is drawn to the differences between legal systems as to the circumstances under which enforcement agents may gain access to the premises of the debtor, the degree of intrusion that may be imposed on third parties, the legal effects of

Non-operating room emergency airway management and endotracheal intubation practices: a survey of anesthesiology program directors.

Airway management in the operating room is the responsibility of anesthesiologists, although a variety of personnel may be responsible for airway management outside the operating room. We conducted a survey of anesthesia program directors regarding emergency airway management practices at their institutions. A questionnaire was sent to anesthesia program directors listed in the Graduate Medical Education Directory for 1995-1996. Of the 153 programs surveyed, 134 (88%) responded. In 45% of institutions, intubations in the emergency ward (EW) were performed by emergency medical physicians, 32% by anesthesiology personnel, and 19% by both. Most intubations performed on the hospital ward were performed by anesthesiologists. Neuromuscular blocking drugs and sedative/hypnotics were used 90% and 95% of the time, respectively, by emergency medical physicians in hospitals in which they managed the airway independently. Our data serve as a snapshot of current practices. EW physicians are prominently involved in airway management in the emergency room both independently and with anesthesiologists. Airway management in trauma patients remains the domain of anesthesiologists. Anesthesiologists are most represented in airway management on hospital floors.

The new thinking of Sino‐US relations—An interview note

In the summer of 1996, this author visited Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Jiangsu Province. Despite the widespread geography and the variety of personnel, the numerous interviews and the literature published at the time demonstrated high consensus of opinion. As a whole, the Chinese are confident, proud, and patriotic. Towards the US, they are disappointed, frustrated, angered, and somewhat assertive.

A Survey of Exercise Testing Practice in Scottish Hospitals

A 1989 survey (unpublished) of exercise testing practice in Scotland suggested that there were important differences in the practice of exercise testing between hospitals. A postal questionnaire was sent to 30 teaching and district general hospitals in 1991 and followed up by telephone questioning of consultants. The numbers of exercise tests performed had increased to 22,012 in 1990, and a greater proportion were performed in district general hospitals. General practitioners had very limited access to the service but hospital doctors of any grade had almost free access. Rationing of early post myocardial infarction testing led to attempts to define "high risk" post infarction patients and this included inappropriate patients in many hospitals. A variety of different protocols was used. Eighteen out of 30 hospitals surveyed discontinued beta blockers but only four hospitals took account of antianginal, antihypertensive or other medication, and all but one exercised patients while on digoxin. In the majority of hospitals decisions regarding drug therapy were taken by individual physicians. A variety of personnel reported tests, many without specialist training in cardiology. Even among consultants there was no concerns on the degree of ST depression which was significant. Exercise tests performed in different hospitals in Scotland are not comparable due to the wide variation in patient selection, test conditions, and interpretation of tests. This problem is likely to be exacerbated by the multiple personnel involved in all aspects of testing. It seems probable that there is a problem throughout the United Kingdom, and that there is a need for guidelines.

The use of a new design irrigator for the emergency treatment of chemical eye injuries in an accident and emergency department.

The introduction of a hand-held drench hose into a district general hospital accident and emergency department, for the emergency irrigation of chemically injured eyes is reported. The hose is described, together with the technique of irrigation. The advantages that a high-flow, low pressure system affords over conventional irrigation methods are discussed. The system appears to offer a simple, immediately available, effective tool for emergency eye care, which is suitable for use by a variety of personnel.

Intensive computer keyboard training programmes

An intensive computer keyboard training course, based on an information processing model of man, was tested on a variety of personnel in work. Over a one or two week period, 241 adult subjects were trained. Subjects achieved mean speeds of 7·1 words per minute (WPM) after the second and 13·7 WPM after the ninth lesson. Significant decreases in errors per minute (EPM) occurred from 2·67 to 1·78. Previous experience with a keyboard and being female were factors associated with enhanced keyboard operating performance. Compressing the ten lessons from two into one week reduced the effectiveness of the programme.

Vocational Education in Corrections

Vocational education is a vital area of programming for handicapped juvenile offenders. Vocational education programs should promote independence to counteract the dependency that is typically fostered in correctional institutions. In addition, vocational programs must include a transition component, which stresses critical job retention skills. The development of a vocational program that leads to successful job placement and retention depends upon the skills and cooperation of a variety of personnel within the institution and the community.