Variety Of Methodological Tools Research Articles

Modernization of Higher Education for Tourism and Hospitality in Contemporary Conditions: Socio-Philosophical Analysis

The article presents the results of the theoretical generalization of approaches to modeling modern tourism education as a socio-cultural phenomenon, which has entered the stage of new development under the influence of social needs and external influences. It is indicated that because of socio-political and economic changes in the world, the domestic tourism industry has been affected by numerous negative heterogeneous and multidirectional factors. This situation has led to quite profound transformations in the Russian tourism industry. It is emphasized that now the industry business community makes higher demands on the professional level of employees as a key factor in the effective operation of industry’s enterprises and their development in changing socio-economic conditions. The professional community notes the urgent need for growth in public understanding of the prestige of both the tourism industry itself and tourism professional education. The article emphasizes that the domestic tourism industry will require significant quantitative changes in personnel potential in the coming years. The quality of training should ensure the formation of competencies that allow the effective use of the created infrastructure to create a level of service that meets the expectations and demands of consumers of tourist services. The author notes that the transformation of the domestic tourism industry predetermines the change in models of tourism education. The formation of tourist education models is considered through the interconnection of educational content mastered by students and learning activities, providing high-quality and complete learning. The article provides a socio-philosophical analysis of the main models of tourism education in Russia, highlighting some general disadvantages and advantages of each model. The variety of methodological tools used in contemporary training of specialists in tourism and hospitality, considering modern conditions of transition to intensive development of domestic tourism, is traced.

Valorize to Protect Lucanian Sheep and Goat Biodiversity.

Simple SummaryAutochthonous sheep and goat breeds are at risk of extinction as they produce less milk and meat compared to other breeds, around 50% less for milk and 30% less for meat production, leading to a reduction in the number of animals bred. However, thanks to rural policies, sheep and goat biodiversity is recovering and livestock farms can recognize and sustain their added value to the territory, the landscape, the maintenance of biodiversity and to sustainability through the adoption of a local supply chain in the medium and long term. Financial support for farms is not enough, integrated policies are needed to focus on further training and education and to improve communication channels to increase consumer awareness of biodiversity and quality.European agriculture and rural development policies have promoted the diversity and genetic types of autochthonous breeds to increase sheep and goat biodiversity. Agri-environmental measures to support livestock farmers, have been the main tools used by these policies over the last twenty years. The COLAUTOC, “Collection of a seed bank for native sheep and goat breeds and strategies to increase their numbers”, research project in Basilicata, Southern Italy, investigated sheep and goat farms with autochthonous breeds with results proving a reduction in the number of sheep and goat farms in general, particularly those with native breeds at risk of extinction, a clear indication of policy failure with a devastating loss of sheep and goat biodiversity. The COLAUTOC used a variety of methodological tools, including, desk analysis, focus groups, interviews, school workshops and a survey on sheep and goat meat consumption. The results indicated that a recovery in sheep and goat biodiversity could be achieved by supporting farm livestock strategies with a view to diversify production methods and activities, whilst, recognizing the value added to the territory, landscape, biodiversity and sustainability. The strategies identified by the COLAUTOC project require a local vision, using agri-environmental funds to invest in training on innovation for farms, provide tools to improve the quality of life in the rural areas, to increase communication channels to further knowledge and awareness of biodiversity. These strategies could contribute to meeting several 2030 Agenda goals.

Sociological and spatial dynamics of an evolving Parisian open drug scene: the case of the “Colline du Crack”

Purpose In November 2019, an open drug scene, commonly called “Colline du crack” and located in Paris was forcibly closed after 10 years of existence. This paper aims to understand how that space has evolved over the years to become a major hub for drug use. Design/methodology/approach The authors used a qualitative approach that included interviews with 52 people who use drugs (PWUD) and 54 field professionals and ethnographic observations. The authors asked questions about the evolution of the major sites of crack visibility in Paris and about social representations related to these spaces. They compared their datas with datas drawn from gray literature. Findings La Colline emerged on an isolated slope, away from police repression and local anti-crack organizations. In the beginning, it was a discrete, communal space regulated by PWUD. Starting in 2015, social transformations in the neighborhood turned la Colline into a central hub for dealing and using crack. La Colline became an open scene which led to its evacuation in 2019. Originality/value This paper contributes to literature on community building of drug consumers. The authors are also using a wide variety of methodological tools.

Интегративни връзки в обучението по околен свят, математика и ин- формационни технологии в I клас

The purpose of this article is to present how the interdisciplinary links in the subjects (Science, Mathematics and Information Technology) in 1st grade contribute to the formation and development of some key competencies in students in primary education. The presented lesson combines the work of different pedagogical specialists who simultaneously apply a variety of methodological tools in the classroom. Integrated learning as an innovative practice has an exceptional role in the pedagogical process in primary school. It has a positive impact on improving the quality of education of young students.

A utilização da análise temática em um curso de formação continuada para professores sobre Microbiologia

A literatura disponibiliza uma diversidade de ferramentas metodológicas para análise de dados coletados em uma pesquisa qualitativa com viés educacional. Dentre as propostas existentes encontramos o método denominado tematização ou análise temática, que tem como objetivo organizar os dados coletados da pesquisa de forma que possibilitem o melhor tratamento dos achados encontrados na pesquisa, cabe salientar que esses dados são coletados por meio de entrevistas, materiais escritos e depoimentos orais. Deste modo, a tematização é uma ferramenta que pode auxiliar a sistematização do material coletado e possibilitar ao leitor uma leitura rica e articulada. Diante disto, este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um estudo de caso, no qual foi empregada a análise temática nos dados coletados durante a ministração de um curso de formação para professores de ciências dos anos finais do ensino fundamental, nas cidades de Três Rios e Paraíba do Sul (municípios do interior do Estado do Rio de Janeiro), cujo o tema foi “Oficina de atividades lúdicas para o ensino de Microbiologia no Ensino Fundamental”. Nessa perspectiva, o trabalho mostrou que diante da complexidade de informações coletadas durante o curso de formação a tematização foi um instrumento que possibilitou uma maior reflexão e uma articulação com a teoria.

Introduction to the Special Issue ‘Beyond ‘Direct Democracy’: Popular Vote Processes in Democratic Systems’

ABSTRACT Despite controversy over recent referendums and initiatives, populists and social movements continue to call for the use of these popular vote processes. Most political and academic debates about whether these calls should be answered have adopted a dominant framework that focuses on whether we should favour ‘direct’ or ‘representative’ democracy. However, this framework obscures more urgent questions about whether, when, and how popular vote processes should be implemented in democratic systems. How do popular vote processes interact with representative institutions? And how could these interactions be democratized? The contributions in this special issue address these and related questions by replacing the framework of ‘direct democracy’ with systemic approaches. The normative contributions illustrate how these approaches enable the development of counternarratives about the value of popular vote processes and clarify the nature of the underlying ideals they should realize. The empirical contributions examine recent cases with a variety of methodological tools, demonstrating that systemic approaches attentive to context can generate new insights about the use of popular vote processes. This introduction puts these contributions into conversation to illustrate how a shift in approach establishes a basis for (re-)evaluating existing practices and guiding reforms so that referendums and initiatives foster democracy.

Розробка типової стратегії розвитку сільськогосподарського підприємства (за методом Хосин Канрі).

Сучасні умови глобалізації бізнесу, значна обмеженість ресурсів, посилення конкуренції та прискорення технологічних нововведень вимагають від сільськогосподарських підприємств здатності швидко пристосуватися до мінливих умов зовнішнього середовища. Запорукою їх успішного продуктивного розвитку є забезпечення максимально ефективного використання наявного ресурсного потенціалу. У науці та практиці існує велика кількість різноманітних методичних інструментів, які сприяють покращенню функціонування суб’єктів господарської діяльності. Одним із таких інструментів, що забезпечує досягнення результативного розвитку, формуючи стійкі конкурентні переваги, є стратегія. Йдеться про складну модель, яка охоплює усі процеси на підприємстві. Використання керівниками сільськогосподарських підприємств прогресивних методів розробки стратегії є запорукою успіху її ефективної реалізації та нарощення підприємством конкурентних переваг в ринковому середовищі. У статті проаналізовано існуючі методи стратегічного планування, в основі яких лежить різна методика побудови стратегій. Проведено характеристику наступних методів: ресурсний метод, цільовий метод, метод екстраполяції, інтерполятивний метод, пробно-статистичний метод, критеріальний метод, нормативний метод, балансовий метод, матричний метод і побудова стратегічного плану. На основі опрацьованих джерел досліджено метод Хосин Канрі, що базується на застосуванні циклу Демінга та являє собою концепцію циклічного управління. Розроблено типову стратегію розвитку сільськогосподарського підприємства у вигляді Х-матриці. Дана стратегія розрахована на 3 роки і включає стратегічні і тактичні цілі, процеси і результати, між якими встановлені відповідні кореляційні зв’язки. Серед стратегічних цілей, що є типовими для сільськогосподарських підприємств виокремлено наступні: підвищення ефективності бізнесу, підвищення ефективності збутової діяльності, впровадження інноваційних технологій у виробництво та оптимізація бізнес-процесів. Відповідно керівництво сільськогосподарських підприємств можуть формувати більшу кількість перспективних цілей, виходячи із потреб суб’єктів господарювання. Отримані результати формують підґрунтя для подальших досліджень механізму формування та впровадження стратегії розвитку сільськогосподарських підприємств.

Strategic Directions of Environmental Management in the Region

In the article the author scientifically justified the choice of strategic directions of environmental activities in the region, which provide the formation of a real trend of gradual improvement of the environmental situation.
 The author uses a variety of methodological tools. The tools include methods of analysis, generalization, design, statistical methods.
 Aggravation of environmental problems requires regionalization of environmental policy, regulation and management of natural resources in the long term. Currently, the need to develop an effective strategy for environmental protection in the region is being actualized. Environmental consequences of economic activity arise and manifest themselves in a particular area. The local nature of anthropogenic impact on the processes of reproduction of natural resources and the state of the environment require the search for ways to effectively solve environmental problems, taking into account the characteristics of natural factors and conditions of the territory. It is necessary to analyze the specifics of the production and spatial structure of the regional production complex. The development of the environmental strategy provides for the definition of the environmental mission of the region and its ecological image of the future. When developing the strategy, priority environmental goals and objectives are selected. These tasks are then detailed in specific environmental programs. Further, the mechanism of their implementation is developed, the analysis and evaluation of the results and consequences of the implementation of programs are carried out. At the same time, the ecological mission of the region and its ecological image of the future are based on the analysis of internal and external factors that affect the formation of the ecological situation in the region. Further opportunities and threats for ensuring ecological safety of development of regional economy and habitat of people are revealed. The authors consider the regional environmental program as the main tool for planning, forecasting and practical implementation of regional environmental policy. The regional environmental programme facilitates the coordination of environmental activities in the region. Regional programs are developed within the framework of long-term forecasting and include strategic interests of Ukraine.
 The conditions of implementation of the environmental strategy in the region and the problems of creating economic tools to stimulate environmental protection measures, modern legal support of environmental policy are analyzed. The authors identify the features of financing environmental activities in Ukraine and explore innovative aspects of environmental safety of the national economy.
 The researchers revealed the place of the ecological subsystem in the structure of programs of socio-economic development of the region, analyzed the basic methodological and methodical bases of formation of the strategy of environmental protection in the region. The authors scientifically justified the choice of strategic directions of environmental activities in the region, which provide the formation of a real trend of gradual improvement of the environmental situation. The recommendations on improving the management mechanism of the regional ecological and economic system are substantiated.

Efficiency of E-Learning Tools and Technologies to Progress Educational Eminence

The area of knowledge in the area of communication is growing at a significant rate and has reformed the usual patterns of teaching-learning processes. A variety of methodological tools have been established to provide the varying circumstances and difficulties of higher education learners. One of the significant technological innovations is that e-learning can be designated as the use of the Internet and computers to support teaching and learning, and many e-learning tools are currently accessible for use in education. E-learning tools can provide training and revision to a large number of students with varying social circumstances and information levels. This article discusses the concept of e-learning, its importance in education, its features and the categories and gadgets of e-learning

Analysis of public inquiry in the preambles of the constitutions of post-Soviet states using language markers

Based on the integrated use of comparative, statistical and hermeneutic research methods, in order to obtain a synergistic effect, the authors study the preambles of the constitutions of the newly formed states of the post-Soviet period. The authors propose an assessment of the content of the Preamble of Constitutions as the primary source of public inquiries, reflecting on the features of state policy, a concentrate of goals and objectives set by the society and the state. A variety of methodological tools will reveal the object of research from unexpected sides, to reveal the entirety of the phenomenon under consideration. In this study, comparative, statistical, and hermeneutic methods which are quite common in the humanities will be applied. The above-mentioned methods will be used in cooperation in order to obtain a synergistic effect. The results, expressed in the frequency of use of identical public queries, will be further included in the Google Books Ngram Viewer program, which analyzes the frequency of use of language units based on the Russian-language sources introduced in it from the 18th century to the present day and numbering 8 million editions.

Communicating sustainability practices and values: a case study approach of a micro-organisation in the UK

This article investigates sustainability communication through the lens of integrated marketing communication (IMC) by focusing on one case organisation that sees aspects of sustainability at the heart of its operations. This qualitative inquiry utilises a case study approach and a variety of methodological tools, including in-depth semi-structured interviews and semiotic analysis of online and offline media. Findings highlight although the case organisation seeks to use an IMC approach across their multiple communication channels the same message cannot always be conveyed as, especially social media channels, have restricted formatting settings. As a result the encoded message is confusing and leads to a loss of meaning. Although this research is based on a single case study, it allows for an in-depth investigation of a phenomenon and practical recommendations on how to overcome challenges with online platforms. This research is of value as it investigates IMC in and under researched context micro-organisations, as well as combines it with challenges of effectively broadcasting sustainability messages to an end-consumer.

Stylistics; Pragmatics; Ideology; Modality; Point of View; Coppe, Abiezer;

The article proposes a pragmatic-stylistic analysis of modality and ideology in Abiezer Coppes Coppes Return to the Wayes of Truth(1651), a dramatic recantation written in prison by one of the most (in-)famous radical thinkers of England during the Interregnum. As the analysis will try to show, the peculiar features of this text and its complex communicative strategies call for a wider variety of methodological tools, complementing the application of code-driven models for the analysis of modality with more use-driven pragmatic and stylistic frameworks. In Coppes text, textual and contextual elements are as fundamental as code and grammatical aspects to convey evaluation, and they trigger a very sly conflict between overt and covert meanings, producing interstitial, ironical, even subversive reading possibilities, thus demonstrating how modality is inextricably tied to a variety of linguistic devices to produce a multifaceted message.

Building Mathematical Models for Multicriteria and Multiobjective Applications

In our daily lives or professional settings, there are many decision problems involving multiple criteria, which may be conflicting and incommensurable. The complexity of real-world decision and the plethora of factors involved necessitate the implementation of sound theoretical frameworks for structuring decision-making processes. Multicriteria Decision Making/Aid (MCDM/A) and multiobjective methods can be highly useful for decision makers (DMs) in such tasks. Multicriteria and multiobjective approaches provide a wide variety of methodological tools for supporting the DMs when facing real-world decision problems when designing and analyzing mathematical models, representing both the preferences of decision makers and the various characteristics of the decision problems at hand in a number of areas.

Focalization, Ethics, and Cosmopolitanism in James Welch’s Fools Crow

Focalization, Ethics, and Cosmopolitanism in James Welch’s Fools Crow James J. Donahue (bio) 1. Introduction Building on the work of philosopher Kwame Anthony Appiah, literary theorist Arnold Krupat (Red Matters) defines a cosmopolitan ethnocriticism as one that engages with a variety of methodological tools in order to explore the complicated tensions in literary works. Although aware of the pitfalls of what some critics might charge is another form of cultural appropriation,1 Krupat claims that the responsible critic is one who entertains a variety of approaches, one who works to include diverse methodologies, rather than relying on any single approach to cultural artifacts. In that vein, the following essay engages in a cosmopolitan ethnocriticism by providing a bridge between narratology and ethics in the exploration of inter-cultural communication. Specifically, I will examine a new means of focalization that I argue is employed in James Welch’s 1986 novel Fools Crow. By first establishing how focalization is connected to culture, I will demonstrate how Welch focalizes the narrative through the Blackfeet and the Anglo-Americans, in order to ultimately merge them into what I will call a cosmopolitan focalization.2 This focalization, I will then show, has significant ethical implications with respect to narrative representations of inter-cultural communication. In short, I posit that the structure of Welch’s narrative reinforces that narrative’s portrayal of successful and unsuccessful [End Page 54] methods of inter-cultural exchange. And I believe that further study of narrative form in ethnic American literature will benefit the study of literature while helping to refine the tools of narratological inquiry. A work of historical romance that fictionalizes the Blackfeet just prior to the Massacre of the Marias in 1870, Fools Crow has been celebrated by many critics as a window into a culture now lost. For Patricia DiMond, “Fools Crow reveals the other side of the story of the development of America, presenting a critical, more balanced perspective of history that serves to deconstruct the Euro-American’s concept of Indian barbarianism and reveal typical misconceptions and startling truths” (70). Similarly, Bette Weidman notes that, “There is a Pikuni social order to which Fools Crow is reconciled and that is universalized in the world of the novel” (91). The working assumption for both literary critics is that Fools Crow reflects a Blackfeet worldview in its narrative. Nora Barry, however, comes a bit closer to a full understanding of the operation of the narrative when she claims that, “Welch tells this history, for the most part, from the Blackfeet point of view” (3). I would like to build on her small clause “for the most part” in my explorations of the narrative composition of Fools Crow. For while most of the story is narrated by an apparently omniscient nonfocalized narrator who tells the story from the perspective of the Blackfeet—and in so doing uses Blackfeet words and place names, and accepts the truth value of the Blackfeet religious system and the reality of the spirit world—there are sections of the text that are narrated by a seemingly very different (though also omniscient and nonfocalized) narrator. Though small and clearly in the minority, these sections—ignored by many who write on Fools Crow—reflect the complexities of the cultural and ethical work of the narrative. Specifically, to borrow from Emmanuel Levinas, Fools Crow demonstrates that “ethics is an optics” (23); that is, we come to understand the ethical importance of the narrative by means of the narrative’s focalization, or how things are seen and understood. 2. Terminology Earlier critics addressing narrative strategies in Fools Crow appear to be working under the assumption that the narrative employs what Gerard Genette would call a nonfocalized narrator, or a narrator with zero focalization.3 Commonly, such narrators are unbounded in their scope or vision. [End Page 55] At first glance, this may appear to be true for the narrator of Fools Crow, who can relate the events taking place at various Blackfeet camps and move effortlessly between the actions of several characters who at various moments become the major actors of the story (such as Fools Crow, Yellow Kidney, and Fast Horse, to name a few...

Review of the Flexible Credit Line and Precautionary Credit Line

With the creation of the Flexible Credit Line (FCL) and Precautionary Credit Line (PCL), the Fund’s GRA toolkit was overhauled to address gaps in the Fund’s crisis prevention and resolution toolkit. The innovative and flexible nature of the new instruments was meant to reduce stigma from using Fund resources, underpinning confidence in its users amid stressed market conditions. Yet, there have been a limited number of members with these Using a variety of methodological tools, this review assesses experience with the instruments, arrangements. Using a variety of methodological tools, this review assesses experience with the instruments, reflects on the appropriateness of their design, and recommends refinements to enhance their effectiveness.

Effect of climatic changes on the prevalence of zoonotic diseases

Combustion of fossil fuels and human activities has led to sharp increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. These climate changes have tremendous effect on prevalence of zoonotic diseases. The changes in climate may increase the insect vectors, prolong transmission cycles or increase the importation of vectors or animal reservoirs. It may also have an adverse effect on biodiversity, distribution of animals and microflora which may lead to emergence of zoonotic disease outbreaks. A historical perspective on major vector-borne diseases such as arboviral encephalitides, dengue fever and Rift Valley fever, Lyme disease, West Nile virus, malaria, plague, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome and dengue fever have been shown to have a distinct seasonal pattern and in some instances their frequency has been shown to be weather sensitive. Because of the sensitivities of the vectors and animal hosts of these diseases to climactic factors, climate change-driven ecological changes such as variations in rainfall and temperature could significantly alter the range, seasonality and human incidence of many zoonotic and vector-borne diseases. The evolution of emerging zoonotic diseases globally during the period 1996 to 2007 was Ebola haemorrhagic fever, Rift Valley fever, avian influenza H5N1, plague and Nipah virus. Whereas, bird flu and swine flu like diseases are still creating havoc for human and animal health worldwide. It is a today’s and tomorrow’s demand that interdisciplinary communication between health professionals, veterinarians, environmental scientists, ecologists, geographers and economists seeking to understand climate change will be key to protecting people in India and worldwide against these threats. Rigorous cross-disciplinary studies using a variety of methodological tools will enable us to predict the transmission dynamics of diseases under different climate scenarios and estimate the cost-effectiveness of mitigation strategies. In this text some of important diseases which are dependant on global warming and climate changes have been discussed taken for and can change their prevalence rate is considered for discussion.

Engaging Alienated Youth in Physical Education: An Alternative Program with Lessons for the Traditional Class

This paper presents a case study of a physical education program for troubled youth attending an adolescent treatment center. The site selected for study was deliberately chosen due to the alternative nature of the physical education program and its apparent success in helping to connect students to their school environment. The researcher, as bricoleur, used a variety of methodological tools and strategies to collect data that corresponded to the study’s entry question: How does the physical education program work? Constructed from the data is the story of a gymnasium culture that has been carefully crafted to promote physically and psychologically safe participation that is fair and flexible, where students are encouraged to play just for fun, and a lack of competence is positioned as an opportunity to learn. By incorporating the theoretical framework of the “Circle of Courage” (Brendtro, Brokenleg, & Van Bockern, 1998) into the data analysis, this paper is intended to show how physical education can provide a reclaiming versus alienating learning environment for young people.

Methods for cumulative effects assessment

A variety of methodological tools are available to analyze and assess cumulative effects. This article develops a classification of methods for cumulative effects assessment, and evaluates them using criteria derived from recently proposed conceptual frameworks of cumulative environmental change. The classification differentiates two broad approaches. Analytical approaches include spatial analysis, network analysis, biogeographic analysis, interactive matrices, ecological modeling, and expert opinion. Planning approaches are classified into multi-criteria evaluation, programming models, land suitability evaluation, and process guidelines. Selected methods of CEA are evaluated for their ability to consider multiple perturbations, additive and interactive pathways of accumulation, and different types of cumulative effects. Geographic information systems, landscape analysis, and simulation modeling are shown to be useful methods of CEA. Loop analysis and cause-effect diagramming serve mainly as heuristic devices. A challenge for future methodological development is the design and testing of methods that incorporate processes of cumulative environmental change.