Varied Experience Research Articles

Correlational study on the sense of humor and positive mental health in mental health professionals

BackgroundMental health professionals require exceptional communication skills and the ability to maintain an empathetic and authentic attitude within the therapeutic relationship. It is crucial that they achieve an optimal balance of physical, mental, and social wellbeing to enhance their performance in this context. This necessity has sparked a growing interest in promoting mental health among these professionals by focusing on the evaluation of both Positive Mental Health and the Sense of Humor.ObjectiveTo assess the level of sense of humor and positive mental health, and to analyse the relationships between the sense of humor construct, the positive mental health construct, and the sociodemographic, occupational, and educational characteristics of mental health professionals who care for patients in hospital and community settings.MethodsAn observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional with a non-experimental quantitative approach study has been carried out. The study was conducted involving 130 mental health care professionals. Levels of sense of humor and positive mental health were evaluated using authenticated questionnaires, while the relationship between these two constructs and the sociodemographic, occupational, and training characteristics of health workers were analyzed following STROBE guidelines.ResultsThe study involved 130 professionals, predominantly women (71.5%), with an average age of 41.4 years. The majority were nurses (45.4%) with varied work experience and educational levels. Regarding the PMHQ questionnaire, an average score of 102.6 was achieved in the general evaluation, showing an insignificant relationship with sociodemographic and occupational variables. However, a significant trend regarding age and autonomy was noted. On the other hand, the Multidimensional Sense of Humor Questionnaire produced an average score of 67.3, also without significant correlations with the variables under scrutiny. Although no positive relationships were found between the general scores of Positive Mental Health Questionnaire and Multidimensional Sense of Humor Questionnaire, a positive correlation emerged between the use of humor and situational control. In summary, the findings suggest that the level of autonomy and the use of humor may be associated with specific sociodemographic and occupational characteristics, although the precise relationship remains complex and requires further research.

“Home Is the Mouth of a Shark”: Trauma and the Needs of Students from Refugee Backgrounds from the Perspective of Boundary Spanning Refugee Resettlement Workers

This research project examines the experiences of four individuals working in refugee resettlement and their perspectives on the educational needs of refugee students, given their role as boundary spanners. They also discuss the need for teachers to encourage students to use the Funds of Knowledge in the classroom. Participants discuss their varied experience as professionals in refugee resettlement, with two being refugees and one being an immigrant. This paper (1) explores the stress associated with relocation, (2) delves into the mental health issues faced by individuals from refugee backgrounds, emphasizing trauma, (3) analyzes how inefficiencies and lack of support within the public school system contribute to a stressful and ineffective experience for all parties involved, and (4) highlights the importance of human connection. The implications for future research are also discussed with particular attention paid to the need to actively work with other stakeholders.

Interrater Reliability and Precision of a Novel Hand Strength Assessment and Treatment Device: The GripAble.

Occupational therapy practitioners need modern tools for the assessment of maximal grip strength in clinical and remote settings. To establish the (1) interrater reliability and (2) precision of the GripAble among three raters with different expertise in occupational therapy when testing healthy participants, and to (3) evaluate the relative reliabilities of different approaches to estimating grip strength (i.e., one trial, mean of two trials, and the mean of three trials). Measurement study. Minnesota Translational Musculoskeletal and Occupational Performance Research Lab, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. Thirty volunteers, age ≥18 yr, without any hand problems. Using GripAble, three occupational therapy raters with varied experience measured the maximal grip strength of the dominant and nondominant hands of all participants. Using the mean of three trials when testing grip strength with GripAble adds precision. GripAble has excellent interrater reliability (i.e., intraclass correlation coefficient > .75) and acceptable precision (minimal detectable change < 15%) among healthy adults. GripAble allows occupational therapy practitioners with different experiences to assess grip strength in healthy hands quickly, precisely, and with excellent reliability. Additional research is needed on its psychometrics in clinical populations and capacities in remote monitoring and exergaming. Plain-Language Summary: The results of this study show that grip strength, an important biomarker and commonly assessed construct in occupational therapy, can be evaluated reliably, precisely, and rapidly with GripAble. The use of GripAble by occupational therapy practitioners in clinical settings may help to build an infrastructure for remote measurements and exergaming interventions in the future.

Transformasi Pembelajaran Akidah Akhlak Berbasis Game Based Learning Berbantuan Quizlet di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah

Technological advances encourage the integration of technology in education in various schools, especially in learning Islamic Religious Education (PAI). The role of teachers becomes important in utilizing technology, one of which is through the Game-Based Learning (GBL) method. This method presents a fun and varied learning experience through game elements such as prizes, challenges and scores. This study aims to explore the use of GBL in PAI at MI Islamiyah Butoh by utilizing the Quizlet application. The study used a qualitative approach with interviews as the data collection method. The results showed that the Quizlet app, which allows students to access materials and quizzes, was effective in improving students' motivation and grades. In addition, the app provides an evaluation at the end of the lesson, so MI Islamiyah Butoh succeeded in making an innovative transformation in PAI learning in the digital era. The use of GBL is proven to make learning more effective, interesting and relevant.

Robot-Assisted Microsurgery—what does the learning curve look like?

The introduction of robotic assistance in surgical practice has led to advancements such as the MUSA-2 robotic system that was designed for microsurgical procedures. Advantages of this system include tremor filtration and motion scaling. Initial studies showed promising results in skill acquisition for robot-assisted microsurgery. This study evaluated the learning curve for microsurgical anastomosis with and without robotic assistance among surgeons of varying experience levels. Fifteen surgeons were divided into 3 groups (novice, intermediate, and expert) based on their microsurgical experience. They performed 10 anastomoses by hand and 10 with robotic assistance on synthetic polyvinyl alcohol vessels (diameter of 2 mm) in a laboratory setting. Participants were timed and mistakes such as backwall and leakage were assessed and recorded. Demographic information was collected. Statistical differences were found in manual anastomosis times between the intermediate and novice groups compared to the experts (p < 0.01). However, no statistical difference was found in the mean time between groups for the robot-assisted anastomoses. Novice doctors had the steepest learning curve for hand-sewn anastomosis. Experts had the fastest completion time at the end of the 10th robotic session, finishing at 14 min, compared to 33 min at the 2nd session. All groups reduced their mean time in half through their 10 robotic sessions. This study indicated similarities in the learning curves for robot-assisted anastomosis among surgeons with varied experience levels. Experts excelled technically in manual anastomoses, but robot-assistance enabled novice and intermediate surgeons to perform comparably to the experts. Robotic assistance may aid more novice learners in performing microsurgical anastomosis safely at earlier points in their education.

Validity and Reliability of Dysphagia Outcome Severity Scale (DOSS) When Used to Rate Flexible Endoscopic Evaluations of Swallowing (FEES).

The Dysphagia Outcome and Severity Scale is used both clinically and within dysphagia research, internationally. Although it was developed using videofluoroscopic swallowing studies, it is frequently used to rate Flexible Endoscopic Evaluations of Swallowing. The validity and reliability of DOSS-use with FEES, however, has not previously been evaluated. This study investigated the validity and rater reliability of clinicians using DOSS to rate FEES. Eleven Speech-Language Pathologists (SLPs) with varied dysphagia experience were recruited to review and DOSS-rate 17 soundless FEES (198 bolus swallows) recorded from 11 heterogenic dysphagic patients (2 cases with repeat FEES) and 4 healthy adults. The SLPs DOSS-ratings were compared against the initial comprehensive dysphagia evaluation (including patient diagnosis, interview, cranial nerve and complete FEES assessment) with Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) and DOSS outcome measures. The SLPs were blinded to patient details and comprehensive dysphagia examination. Re-randomised rating of FEES cases occurred two weeks later (intra rater reliability). Criterion validity for DOSS-ratings (compared against comprehensive dysphagia evaluation with FOIS and DOSS) were strong-very strong (rs=0.858 and 0.936 respectively; p < 0.001). Inter rater reliability demonstrated high agreement (α = 0.891), also intra rater reliability demonstrated almost perfect agreement (Kw = 0.945). This study's results, with strong-very strong criterion validity and high rater reliability by SLPs, adds to the evidence for DOSS-use with FEES. Future validity research comparing DOSS with both FEES and VFSS simultaneously is recommended.

Cognitive load assessment for cadet pilots in simulated aircraft environment-pilot study

PurposeThis study aims to propose a methodology aimed at understanding the cognitive and physiological processes inherent in cadet pilot operations. Through analyzing responses from two cadet pilots with varied experience levels across diverse simulation scenarios, the research uses descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA and percentage change analysis to explore crucial variables, including heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV) and respiratory rate (RR).Design/methodology/approachThe investigation meticulously examines HR, HRV and RR under circumstances encompassing resting state, visual flight rules and instrument flight rules with engine failure. Pilots undergo comprehensive analyses employing statistical techniques and visual representations to comprehend cognitive loads and physiological adaptations.FindingsSignificant disparities emerge between the two pilots, elucidating the profound impact of experience on cognitive and physiological outcomes. Novice cadet pilots exhibit heightened variability during scenario transitions, while experienced cadet pilot demonstrate controlled responses, indicative of adaptability. Visual flight simulations evoke distinct responses, whereas instrument-based scenarios, particularly those simulating emergencies, lead to pronounced physiological changes.Practical implicationsThe findings of this research hold practical significance in introducing the proposed novel methodology for monitoring Cadet pilots to refine pilot training simulation protocols and enhance aviation safety by illuminating the interplay between experience levels and scenario complexities.Originality/valueThis study proposes a novel methodology for investigating cognitive and physiological responses in pilot operations, mainly investigating cadet pilots’ vital parameters through diverse analytical methods and an exploration of scenario-specific demands.

Trainee Preparedness to Enter Physiatry Residency: Early Findings from a National Cross-Sectional Survey Study

Introduction: This national survey study investigates the transition of PM&amp;R residents from as they transition into residency, aiming to identify associated factors influencing their preparedness. The transition to residency can be stressful, and insufficient preparedness is associated with a higher risk of burnout. While existing research has examined this transition in large specialties like internal medicine and surgery, there is a gap in understanding preparedness for PM&amp;R residency in PGY-2. PM&amp;R residency offers diverse routes, and not all medical schools have PM&amp;R departments, leading to varied exposure and experience among incoming residents. Methods: To address this gap, a voluntary national survey study was conducted, collecting data from 55 residents across the USA from PGY-2 to PGY-4. Results: Participants reported their overall preparedness, with 51% feeling prepared and 49% feeling unprepared for clinical care at the start of residency. The prepared group demonstrated higher emotional and clinical preparedness, particularly in performing neuro/musculoskeletal physical examinations, managing rehabilitation issues, and interpreting imaging. Experience as an intern emerged as the most critical factor influencing preparedness. There were no significant differences between the prepared and unprepared groups in terms of age, gender, medical degree, timing of PM&amp;R exposure, participation in PM&amp;R interest group, type of internship pursued (transitional, medicine, surgery, or categorical), or academic versus community hospital during intern year. Conclusions: Incoming residents who self-identified as unprepared may specifically benefit from early check-ins with residents about wellbeing and early focused education on the neuro/musculoskeletal physical examination, management of common rehabilitation related issues, and interpretation of neuromusculoskeletal imaging, given the differences in responses we observed between prepared and unprepared groups in these domains. Residents trended toward feeling unprepared in handling rapid responses, pediatric rehabilitation patients, and therapy prescriptions and precautions at the start of PM&amp;R residency.

Handheld robotic device for endoscopic neurosurgery: system integration and pre-clinical evaluation.

The Expanded Endoscopic Endonasal Approach, one of the best examples of endoscopic neurosurgery, allows access to the skull base through the natural orifice of the nostril. Current standard instruments lack articulation limiting operative access and surgeon dexterity, and thus, could benefit from robotic articulation. In this study, a handheld robotic system with a series of detachable end-effectors for this approach is presented. This system is comprised of interchangeable articulated 2/3 degrees-of-freedom 3 mm instruments that expand the operative workspace and enhance the surgeon's dexterity, an ergonomically designed handheld controller with a rotating joystick-body that can be placed at the position most comfortable for the user, and the accompanying control box. The robotic instruments were experimentally evaluated for their workspace, structural integrity, and force-delivery capabilities. The entire system was then tested in a pre-clinical context during a phantom feasibility test, followed up by a cadaveric pilot study by a cohort of surgeons of varied clinical experience. Results from this series of experiments suggested enhanced dexterity and adequate robustness that could be associated with feasibility in a clinical context, as well as improvement over current neurosurgical instruments.

An update of the development of motor behavior.

This primer describes research on the development of motor behavior. We focus on infancy when basic action systems are acquired-posture, locomotion, manual actions, and facial actions-and we adopt a developmental systems perspective to understand the causes and consequences of developmental change. Experience facilitates improvements in motor behavior and infants accumulate immense amounts of varied everyday experience with all the basic action systems. At every point in development, perception guides behavior by providing feedback about the results of just prior movements and information about what to do next. Across development, new motor behaviors provide new inputs for perception. Thus, motor development opens up new opportunities for acquiring knowledge and acting on the world, instigating cascades of developmental changes in perceptual, cognitive, and social domains. This article is categorized under: Cognitive Biology > Cognitive Development Psychology > Motor Skill and Performance Neuroscience > Development.

“A little bit of hope goes a long way”: Exploring the role of peer workers in alcohol and other drug rehabilitation services

IntroductionPeer workers operating within health care settings can offer unique perspectives based on their own lived experience. Within alcohol and other drug (AOD) rehabilitation services, the potential value of peer work is becoming increasingly recognised. This qualitative study aimed to evaluate a newly implemented peer worker program located across three rehabilitation services in Tasmania, Australia. MethodsOnline interviews were conducted with eight clients, seven peer workers, and five non-peer worker employees with varied experience with peer worker programs. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. ResultsGuided by an overarching exploratory-descriptive methodological framework, thematic analysis generated three overarching themes: 1) Enhancing and supporting client experiences (what peer workers did in their role to improve client experiences, 2) Changing experiences with AOD rehabilitation (the unique benefits and changes that peer work brings to AOD rehabilitation services) and 3) Finding organizational value (how defining peer work and the feasibility of the peer worker role was challenged by different organizational factors). Overall, peer work was viewed as a positive addition to all rehabilitation services that was able to enhance client experiences through various mechanisms, such as by sharing their own stories, assisting with understanding, and creating safety. Peer work was also able to create change in AOD services, by instilling hope and reducing stigma. However, ongoing challenges with defining the peer worker role in a way that offers organizational recognition and financial security remain. ConclusionPeer workers offer a unique and valuable perspective when working within rehabilitation services. Through their own lived experience peer workers were able to support clients and assist them in their recovery. These findings highlight the potential benefit of peer work programs within AOD rehabilitation services.

Artificial intelligence as a second reader for screening mammography

Abstract Background Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown promise in mammography interpretation, and its use as a second reader in breast cancer screening may reduce the burden on health care systems. Purpose To evaluate the performance differences between routine double read and an AI as a second reader workflow (AISR), where the second reader is replaced with AI. Materials and Methods A cohort of patients undergoing routine breast cancer screening at a single center with mammography was retrospectively collected between 2005 and 2021. A model developed on US and UK data was fine-tuned on Japanese data. We subsequently performed a reader study with 10 qualified readers with varied experience (5 reader pairs), comparing routine double read to an AISR workflow. Results A “test set” of 4,059 women (mean age, 56 ± 14 years; 157 positive, 3,902 negative) was collected, with 278 (mean age 55 ± 13 years; 90 positive, 188 negative) evaluated for the reader study. We demonstrate an area under the curve =.84 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.805-0.881) on the test set, with no significant difference to decisions made in clinical practice (P = .32). Compared with routine double reading, in the AISR arm, sensitivity improved by 7.6% (95% CI, 3.80-11.4; P = .00004) and specificity decreased 3.4% (1.42-5.43; P = .0016), with 71% (212/298) of scans no longer requiring input from a second reader. Variation in recall decision between reader pairs improved from a Cohen kappa of κ = .65 (96% CI, 0.61-0.68) to κ = .74 (96% CI, 0.71-0.77) in the AISR arm. Conclusion AISR improves sensitivity, reduces variability and decreases workload compared to routine dual screening.

Group Cohesion and Necessary Adaptations in Online Hearing Voices Peer Support Groups: Qualitative Study With Group Facilitators.

Face-to-face hearing voices peer support groups (HVGs), a survivor-led initiative that enables individuals who hear voices to engage with the support of peers, have a long-standing history in community settings. HVGs are premised on the notion that forming authentic, mutual relationships enables the exploration of one's voice hearing experiences and, in turn, reduces subjective distress. As such, group cohesion is assumed to be a central mechanism of change in HVGs. The rise of digital mental health support, coupled with the COVID-19 pandemic, has resulted in many HVGs adapting to online delivery. However, to date no studies have examined the implementation of these online groups and the adaptations necessary to foster cohesion. This study aims to understand the experience of group cohesion among HVG facilitators in online groups compared with face-to-face groups. Specifically, we examined the ways in which the medium through which groups run (online or face-to-face) impacts group cohesion and how facilitators adapted HVGs to foster group cohesion online. Semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with 11 facilitators with varied experience of facilitating online and face-to-face HVGs. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. The findings are organized into 3 themes and associated subthemes: nonverbal challenges to cohesion (lack of differentiation, transitional space, inability to see the whole picture, and expressions of empathy); discursive challenges to cohesion (topic-based conversation and depth of disclosure); and necessary adaptations for online groups (fostering shared experience and using the unique context to demonstrate investment in others). Despite challenges in both the setting and content of online groups, facilitators felt that group cohesion was still possible to achieve online but that it had to be facilitated intentionally. This study is the first to specifically investigate group cohesion in online HVGs. Participants noted numerous challenges to group cohesion when adapting groups to run online, including the unnaturally linear narrative flow of dialogue in online settings; lack of transitional spaces, and associated small talk before and after the session; ease of disengagement online; inhibited sharing; and absence of shared physical presence online. Although these challenges were significant, facilitators nevertheless emphasized that the benefits provided by the accessibility of online groups outweighed these challenges. Necessary adaptations for cultivating group cohesion online are outlined and include capitalizing on moments of humor and spontaneity, using group activities, encouraging information sharing between participants using the chat and screen-sharing features, and using objects from participants' environments to gain deeper insight into their subjective worlds.

To study the awareness of needle stick injuries among healthcare workers in an area select of tertiary care hospital

Background: Needle stick injuries, or NSIs, refer to injuries produced by several types of needles, including hypodermic needles, blood collection needles, intravenous stylets, and needles used for connecting components of intravenous administration systems. Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to study the awareness of NSIs among healthcare workers (HCWs) in a selected area of a tertiary care hospital. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken within the department of obstetrics and gynecology (OBG). The study’s target group was all HCWs of varied experience levels (n=272). This study employed a meticulously crafted questionnaire in the English language. The survey includes 22 items covering a variety of NSI-related topics. Subgroup analysis was conducted using the Pearson Chi-square test. Results: It was found that most of them were in the 20–30 age group (75%), the majority were females (72%), unmarried (61%), and from an urban background (85%). Almost all the participants (96%) were aware that NSIs are preventable. Similarly, 90% of the participants were aware that NSIs may cause the transmission of diseases, and 77% of the participants reported that they have training on biomedical waste management and its disposal. About 74% of the respondents stated that they had been exposed to NSIs. Conclusion: This study sheds light on the awareness levels and experiences of HCWs regarding NSIs in the OBG department. While a high level of awareness was observed, the study identified areas for improvement in the implementation of preventive measures, reporting practices, and post-exposure management.

Interrater Agreement of BT-RADS for Evaluation of Follow-up MRI in Patients with Treated Primary Brain Tumor.

The Brain Tumor Reporting and Data System (BT-RADS) is a structured radiology reporting algorithm that was introduced to provide uniformity in posttreatment primary brain tumor follow-up and reporting, but its interrater reliability (IRR) assessment has not been widely studied. Our goal is to evaluate the IRR among neuroradiologists and radiology residents in the use of BT-RADS. This retrospective study reviewed 103 consecutive MR studies in 98 adult patients previously diagnosed with and treated for primary brain tumor (January 2019 to February 2019). Six readers with varied experience (4 neuroradiologists and 2 radiology residents) independently evaluated each case and assigned a BT-RADS score. Readers were blinded to the original score reports and the reports from other readers. Cases in which at least 1 neuroradiologist scored differently were subjected to consensus scoring. After the study, a post hoc reference score was also assigned by 2 readers by using future imaging and clinical information previously unavailable to readers. The interrater reliabilities were assessed by using the Gwet AC2 index with ordinal weights and percent agreement. Of the 98 patients evaluated (median age, 53 years; interquartile range, 41-66 years), 53% were men. The most common tumor type was astrocytoma (77%) of which 56% were grade 4 glioblastoma. Gwet index for interrater reliability among all 6 readers was 0.83 (95% CI: 0.78-0.87). The Gwet index for the neuroradiologists' group (0.84 [95% CI: 0.79-0.89]) was not statistically different from that for the residents' group (0.79 [95% CI: 0.72-0.86]) (χ2 = 0.85; P = .36). All 4 neuroradiologists agreed on the same BT-RADS score in 57 of the 103 studies, 3 neuroradiologists agreed in 21 of the 103 studies, and 2 neuroradiologists agreed in 21 of the 103 studies. Percent agreement between neuroradiologist blinded scores and post hoc reference scores ranged from 41%-52%. A very good interrater agreement was found when tumor reports were interpreted by independent blinded readers by using BT-RADS criteria. Further study is needed to determine if this high overall agreement can translate into greater consistency in clinical care.

Home Language Experience Shapes Which Skills Are Used during Unfamiliar Speech Processing

Speech mixed with noise and speech that is of an unfamiliar variety both make the task of understanding more difficult. Children are often more negatively affected by these situations than adults. Numerous studies have examined the cognitive and linguistic skills that support spoken language processing. In the current study, we examine the contribution of linguistic exposure and various cognitive and linguistic skills for spoken word recognition of an unfamiliar variety of speech (German-accented English). The Ease of Language Understanding model predicts that working memory skills are needed in the most difficult listening situations. Two groups of school-age children were drawn from a larger sample: those with exposure to multiple languages in the home and those exposed to only English in the home. As predicted, working memory skills predicted performance for children with less varied linguistic experience (those only exposed to English in the home), but not for children with varied linguistic exposure. In contrast, linguistic skills predicted performance for children with more varied linguistic experience, even though the two groups did not differ overall in any of the assessed skills. These findings support the Ease of Language Understanding model of language processing.

Convolutional neural network deep learning model accurately detects rectal cancer in endoanal ultrasounds

BackgroundImaging is vital for assessing rectal cancer, with endoanal ultrasound (EAUS) being highly accurate in large tertiary medical centers. However, EAUS accuracy drops outside such settings, possibly due to varied examiner experience and fewer examinations. This underscores the need for an AI-based system to enhance accuracy in non-specialized centers. This study aimed to develop and validate deep learning (DL) models to differentiate rectal cancer in standard EAUS images.MethodsA transfer learning approach with fine-tuned DL architectures was employed, utilizing a dataset of 294 images. The performance of DL models was assessed through a tenfold cross-validation.ResultsThe DL diagnostics model exhibited a sensitivity and accuracy of 0.78 each. In the identification phase, the automatic diagnostic platform achieved an area under the curve performance of 0.85 for diagnosing rectal cancer.ConclusionsThis research demonstrates the potential of DL models in enhancing rectal cancer detection during EAUS, especially in settings with lower examiner experience. The achieved sensitivity and accuracy suggest the viability of incorporating AI support for improved diagnostic outcomes in non-specialized medical centers.

Exploring the Relationship between Running-Related Technology Use and Running-Related Injuries: A Cross-Sectional Study of Recreational and Elite Long-Distance Runners.

In recent years, the surge in sport and exercise participation, particularly in running, has coincided with the widespread adoption of running-related technology, such as fitness trackers. This study investigates the correlation between the use of running-related technology and running-related injuries among recreational and elite long-distance runners. We conducted a quantitative, cross-sectional online survey of 282 adult runners. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a multivariable logistic regression analysis. Participants, with an average age of 37.4 years, reported varied running experience, with 90.07% utilizing running-related technology during their runs to some degree, primarily smartwatches like Garmin and Apple Watch. Running-related technology users showed a higher likelihood of experiencing running-related injuries compared to non-users (OR = 0.31, p < 0.001). However, those who utilized the metrics obtained from running-related technology to guide their training decisions did not exhibit a higher risk of injury. This nuanced relationship highlights the importance of considering individual training behaviors and the potential psychological impacts of technology on running practices. The study underscores the need for future research integrating biomechanical and psychosocial factors into running-related technology to enhance injury prevention strategies.

Pengaruh Minat Belajar Dan Pengalaman Belajar Terhadap Keterampilan Metakognitif Peserta Didik Madrasah Aliyah Dalam Pembelajaran Matematika

This study was undermined by a mathematical learning process that focused on the results resulting in a decrease in student interest and less varied learning experience, which had an impact on the metacognitive skills of the student. The study aims to identify the influence of learning interest and learning experience on student's metacognitive skills. This research uses field studies with a quantitative approach. So it can be concluded that: 1) interest in learning has a strong relationship ( 0,901) and has a positive and significant influence on metacognitive skills of 81.2%; 2) learning experiences have a strong link ( 0,869) and have a positive, significant impact on meta-cognitive skills of 75.5%; 3) learning interests and learning experiences are strongly linked ( 0,915) and have an active and significant effect on meta - cognitive abilities of 83.8% both partially and simultaneously.

Teach the Mentor: A Six-Session Program Universally Improves Mentorship Skills Among a Diverse Group of Radiology Faculty

Determine if a case-based, in-person mentorship teaching program would improve self-reported mentorship skills among a diverse group of faculty members at a large multi-site academic institution. All radiology faculty members were recruited to participate in a mentorship course focused on exploring through discussion different challenges posed by mentorship. Participants met weekly for two hours over 6 weeks in an informal and confidential setting. Participants completed the same 19 question survey about mentorship skills before the first session (pre-test) and within one week following the last session (post-test). Respondents rated their abilities with respect to various mentorship skills based on a Likert scale ranging from 1 (not at all skilled) to 7 (highly skilled). Wilcoxon Signed Ranks tests were performed to assess differences in median responses. Eleven faculty completed the course and their survey response rate was 100%. The group was gender balanced (six women and five men) and at varying career stages (4 Professors, 2 Associate Professors, and 5 Assistant Professors). Median score for each of the 19 survey questions significantly improved on the post-test by an average of 2 points, from 4 to 6 (p < .001). For 18 of the 19 questions there was no significant difference in score improvement between Professors and Associate/Assistant Professors. By discussing provocative mentorship dilemmas in a confidential small group of peers, radiology faculty with varied experience reported a significant improvement in mentorship skills after six sessions. Further study is needed to assess the long-term impact of the course.