Varicocele Operation Research Articles

Varicocele in Oligospermic Patients: Pathophysiology and Results After Ligation and Division of the Internal Spermatic Vein

We have followed for up to 32 months 51 Oligospermie patients with varicoceles who underwent high ligation and division of the left spermatic vein. Of these patients 59.9 per cent had improvement in total sperm count, 47.1 per cent in sperm motility and 42.1 per cent in the morphological pattern of the spermatozoa. Pregnancies were reported by 13 patients. Improvement in sperm motility occurred first, followed by improvement in morphology. The last improvement was in total sperm count. We suggest that the observation period after a varicocele operation be restricted to 9 months, in which time about 75 per cent of the expected improvement takes place. A clinical classification for the degree of varicocele is proposed. No correlation between size of the varicocele and treatment results could be observed.A classification of sperm analysis is proposed, using a 3-digital index that might enable better comparison of sperm analysis and better communication among physicians. We could not define a specific group of Oligospermie patients who might benefit more than other groups from a varicocele operation. Pathophysiological pathways leading to impaired spermatogenesis in patients with varicoceles are discussed.

THE EFFECT ON FERTILITY OF LIGATION OF THE LEFT SPERMATIC VEIN IN MEN WITHOUT CLINICAL SIGNS OF VARICOCELE

Improvement of sperm qualities and fertility after operation for varicocele is well-documented. The effect does not appear to relate to the degree of dilatation of the spermatic veins. For this reason 22 men with severely impaired fertility but without any clinical sign of varicocele were offered operation, i.e. ligation of the left spermatic vein(s). Fertility was evaluated by repeated sperm examinations. On average, the childlessness lasted for 3.5 years before the operation took place. A sperm examination was performed on average 6.3 months postoperatively. In half the cases improvement of sperm quality was found. In 9 cases no change was observed, and in one man the sperm quality was reduced. In 7 cases conception occurred within 16 months. The improvement of both sperm quality and the conception rate were highly significant in comparison with a non-operated control group with the same severely impaired fertility and without clinical sign of varicocele.

The effect on fertility of ligation of the left spermatic vein in men without clinical signs of varicocele.

Abstract. Improvement of sperm qualities and fertility after operation for varicocele is well‐documented. The effect does not appear to relate to the degree of dilatation of the spermatic veins. For this reason 22 men with severely impaired fertility but without any clinical sign of varicocele were offered operation, i.e. ligation of the left spermatic vein(s). Fertility was evaluated by repeated sperm examinations. On average, the childlessness lasted for 3.5 years before the operation took place. A sperm examination was performed on average 6.3 months postoperatively. In half the cases improvement of sperm quality was found. In 9 cases no change was observed, and in one man the sperm quality was reduced. In 7 cases conception occurred within 16 months. The improvement of both sperm quality and the conception rate were highly significant in comparison with a non‐operated control group with the same severely impaired fertility and without clinical sign of varicocele.

Scrotal and Testicular Temperature: Its Relation to Sperm Count before and after Operation for Varicocele

Scrotal and Testicular Temperature: Its Relation to Sperm Count before and after Operation for Varicocele

"Results of Operation for Varicocele."

"Results of Operation for Varicocele."

A WARNING AGAINST OPERATIONS FOR VARICOCELE ON APPLICANTS FOR ENLISTMENT, REGISTRANTS FOR THE SELECTIVE DRAFT, AND SOLDIERS

To the Editor: —Until recently, varicocele disqualified for military service, and many applicants for enlistment in the Army and Navy and for admission to West Point and Annapolis subjected themselves voluntarily to this operation. Now that varicocele does not disqualify, officers and especially enlisted men who complain of discomfort in the groin and testicles during their physical training may be referred to the base hospitals in the various training camps and cantonments, and subjected to an unnecessary operation for varicocele. The evidence against operation for varicocele, except in selected cases, is based on these facts: The majority of men suffering with this lesion show, after long observation, that the condition as a rule spontaneously disappears. Varicocele is observed most frequently after puberty and before the age of 21, and as a rule it disappears at about the age of 25, and, with few exceptions, before 30. Those persons who have

OPERATION FOR VARICOCELE AS A MILITARY REQUIREMENT

Medical Journal of AustraliaVolume 2, Issue 22 p. 526-527 Correspondence OPERATION FOR VARICOCELE AS A MILITARY REQUIREMENT First published: 01 November 1915 https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1915.tb17263.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume2, Issue22November 1915Pages 526-527 RelatedInformation

OPERATION FOR VARICOCELE AS A MILITARY REQUIREMENT

Medical Journal of AustraliaVolume 2, Issue 6 p. 137-138 Correspondence OPERATION FOR VARICOCELE AS A MILITARY REQUIREMENT First published: 01 August 1915 https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1915.tb16692.xAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume2, Issue6August 1915Pages 137-138 RelatedInformation

OPERATION FOR VARICOCELE AS A MILITARY REQUIREMENT

Medical Journal of AustraliaVolume 2, Issue 5 p. 117-117 Correspondence OPERATION FOR VARICOCELE AS A MILITARY REQUIREMENT First published: 01 July 1915 https://doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1915.tb16658.xCitations: 1AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume2, Issue5July 1915Pages 117-117 RelatedInformation

A New Incision for Varicocele Operation When the Scrotum is to Be Amputated

A New Incision for Varicocele Operation When the Scrotum is to Be Amputated