Variations In Number Of Births Research Articles

Indirect Method of Estimation of Total Fertility Rate And Study About Births Averted Due to Family Planning Practices in India: A Ridge Regression Approach

Though, fertility is a biological phenomenon but it depends heavily on socioeconomic, demographic and cultural factors; therefore, this article describes a regression technique to estimate the TFR under dierent proposed model assumptionsand the effects of socioeconomic and demographic factors on TFR as well. The developed methodology also leads to estimate the number of births averted due to the use of family planning methods and percent of increase in births in the absence of birth control devices for 29 states of India using three different methods of births aversion through the National Family Health Survey (NFHS-III) data. The finding shows that there is a variation in number of births averted and percent of increase in births in the absence of family planning methods at the state level in India. The effective use of contraception and maximum number of births avoided due to use of family planning is in Maharashtra and Uttar pradesh. Highest percent of increase in births in the absence of contraception is in Himachal Pradesh and Andhra Pradesh

Midwifery staffing: Variation and mismatch in demand and capacity

Pressure on maternity services arising out of variation in number of births has always existed. Of singular importance during peak demand is the capability of maternity units to maintain safe outcomes. Additional to variation in birth numbers, heightened patient expectations, social issues and increased prevalence of medical comorbidities have increased functional demand on maternity units, at a time of more restricted health expenditure. Intuitively, it seems logical to suppose that gaps in provision experienced in practice could have an accumulative effect on patient satisfaction, clinical outcomes, and perhaps even midwives' health and morale. This review presents data on variation in birth rates over seven decades, across the seasons, during the week and throughout the day. Recent functional demands on maternity services are reviewed alongside changes in staffing that influence capacity. The need for further research into possible links between demand, staffing and outcomes is explained.

Midwives highlight lack of choice in maternity care

Poor planning leads to wide variation in number of births per bed, claims union

THE NIGHT - A DANGEROUS TIME TO BE BORN?

An analysis of perinatal mortality by hour of birth among 10,059 births in Canton Ticino (Switzerland) during the years 1979-1982 showed that fewer births occurred at night than during the day. The variations in number of births by hour of birth were attributed to obstetric practices. The perinatal mortality rate for night-time births was more than twice as high as that for the daytime births (+127%, P less than 0.001) and the rates for night-time births exceeded those for daytime births for 13 of the 19 causes of death examined. A higher proportion of the low and very-low-birthweight babies (less than 2500 g and less than 1500 g) were born at night between 19.00 and 06.59 hours.

The night--a dangerous time to be born?

An analysis of perinatal mortality by hour of birth among 10,059 births in Canton Ticino (Switzerland) during the years 1979-1982 showed that fewer births occurred at night than during the day. The variations in number of births by hour of birth were attributed to obstetric practices. The perinatal mortality rate for night-time births was more than twice as high as that for the daytime births (+127%, P less than 0.001) and the rates for night-time births exceeded those for daytime births for 13 of the 19 causes of death examined. A higher proportion of the low and very-low-birthweight babies (less than 2500 g and less than 1500 g) were born at night between 19.00 and 06.59 hours.

Variations in number of births and perinatal mortality by day of week.

Variations in number of births and perinatal mortality by day of week.

Variations in number of births and perinatal mortality by day of week in England and Wales.

Analysis of the births that occurred in England and Wales during 1970-6 showed that they followed a seven-day cycle, being concentrated from Tuesdays to Fridays and least numerous on Sundays. This pattern became increasingly pronounced during the period examined. Relatively few births occurred on bank holidays, especially Christmas Day and Boxing Day. In general perinatal mortality was higher among babies born at weekends than among those born on weekdays. It is likely that the pattern seen in the numbers of births is associated to a large extent with elective intervention. It is not possible to draw any conclusions about the pattern seen in perinatal mortality as so far the analysis has been confined to crude rates.