Variance In Life Satisfaction Research Articles

Family Resilience: Variations by Individual Psychological and Health Resources, Social Capital and Sociodemographic Characteristics

The purposed of this study was to investigate variations in family resilience across individuals’ sociodemographic characteristics, psychological and health resources, and social capital. Using the Tailored Design Method, survey data were collected from rural residents in a single U. S. state which yielded 812 responses and a 30% response rate. Family resilience was measured by the 2015 Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire. The other variables were measured by prevalent existing instruments and standard survey items. A three-model regression analysis was conducted. Results indicated that 37% of the variance in family resilience was explained by the independent variables of social capital, including trust, overall health, depressive symptoms, optimism and life satisfaction, and the control variables of socioeconomic-demographic characteristics. The strongest predictor of family resilience was optimism. In almost all instances, the control variables were weaker predictors than the independent variables, particularly depressive symptoms and social capital. The study sheds light on possible ways for helping professionals to guide families in becoming more resilient and calls for a social determinants of health, culturally sensitive and trauma-informed approach.

Healthy Behavior as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Optimism and Life Satisfaction in Health Sciences Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.

PurposeThis study examines the indirect relationship between optimism and life satisfaction via healthy behavior among health sciences students.Participants and MethodsThe cross-sectional study involved 349 health sciences students, including 58% of women, ranging in age between 19 and 30 years (M = 22.15, SD = 1.83). Self-report questionnaires were used to measure dispositional optimism (the Life Orientation Test-Revised, LOT-R), life satisfaction (Satisfaction with Life Scale, SWLS), and health behaviors (Health Behavior Inventory, HBI), with four subscales: healthy diet (HD), preventive behavior (PB), positive mental attitudes (PMA), and healthy practices (HP). In addition, a single mediation model (with the total HBI as mediator) was compared with a parallel mediation model (with four subscales of the HBI). Gender was controlled as a confounding variable.ResultsWomen scored higher in the total HBI (p < 0.01), HD (p < 0.001) and PB (p < 0.01) than men, while men scored slightly higher in dispositional optimism (p < 0.01). General health behavior (total HBI) completely mediates the relationship between dispositional optimism and life satisfaction, R2 = 0.32. In the parallel model, only PMA was determined as a mediator of the association between dispositional optimism and satisfaction with life, R2 = 0.36. The single mediation model showed perfect fit (X2/df = 0.00, RMSEA = 0.00, SRMR = 0.00, CFI = 1.00, IFI = 1.00, NFI = 1.00), better than the parallel mediation model (X2/df = 2.353, p = 0.095, RMSEA = 0.062, SRMR = 0.020, CFI = 0.995, IFI = 995, NFI = 991).ConclusionThe interplay mechanism between personal resources and behavioral health-related habits may explain 32% of life satisfaction variance. The intervention focused on increasing optimistic expectancies and health behaviors should be implemented in universities to increase students’ well-being and prevent depression.

Life Issues and Demands for Housing Welfare Service Among Vulnerable Mid-Aged Persons Living Alone : Focusing on Residents of a Permanent Public Rental Housing Complex in Cheongju-si

This study was aimed to explore life issues and housing welfare service demands of limited-income mid-aged persons living alone in Cheongju-si, Chungbuk, in order to provide information for development and implementation of supporting programs targeting them. From July to November 2020, a questionnaire survey was conducted to mid-aged single-person households (age 40-64 years) in a permanent public rental housing complex in Cheongju-si and 229 useable responses were analyzed. Major findings were as follows: (1) More than one fourth of the respondents were found have no one interacting on a regular basis and about a quarter did not go out usually. (2) Many respondents were found to have experienced serious health issues within past 12 months. (3) Most demanded housing welfare services were provision of meal or side dishes, and renewal of wallpaper or floor coverings. (4) Respondents’ socio-demographic characteristics (gender, age, social security beneficiary status, length of residency in the community) were found to have influences on their interpersonal exchange, health problem experiences, security and safe-related perception and experiences, and demands for housing welfare service. (5) A linear combination of housing satisfaction, psychological problem experience, and perception of community safety was found to be able to explain 24.9% variance of life satisfaction.

MEANING IN LIFE IN ELDERLY

Aim: Starting from the research of the Austrian psychiatrist Viktor Frankl, the meaning in life proved its importance, being studied in the context of different research traditions, existential psychology, positive psychology, clinical psychology, developmental psychology. This is a pilot study targeting a group of twenty elderly Romanians who live in a Residential Center in Bucharest. Methods: The study assumes that we’ll have statistically significant correlations between independent variables (presence of meaning, search for meaning) and dependent ones (depression, anxiety, stress, life satisfaction). Method: The research uses correlation analysis for the variables: meaning presence and meaning search from M. Steger's MLQ questionnaire, defined as independent variables in the study and dependent variables: depression, anxiety, stress (DASS-21 questionnaire), and life satisfaction (Satisfaction Scale with Life, SWLS). Results: The research results highlight good internal consistency (Cronbach's coefficient α&gt; 0.70) for the two subscales of the M.L.Q. questionnaire. The statistically significant inverse link between the level of stress and the presence of meaning in life is confirmed, the statistically significant inverse link between the total score of depression and the presence of meaning in life is confirmed; the variable life satisfaction is the only dependent variable for which statistically significant links are confirmed with both independent variables simultaneously (presence of meaning in life and search for meaning of life); Pearson correlation coefficients are statistically significant, Sig values, associated, lower than the 5% threshold, require the rejection of the null hypothesis.

Association of mindfulness with psychological distress and life satisfaction in Western and Eastern meditators

ABSTRACT Objective This study investigated if meditators living in India (Eastern Meditators: EMs) differed from those living in Western countries (WMs) in self-reported levels of mindfulness, depression, anxiety, stress, and life satisfaction and the association between these variables. Method The 229 participants (18–81 years, M = 34.7 years, SD = 13.3; 52% EMs) completed scales measuring depression, anxiety, stress, life satisfaction, and mindfulness and its components. Results WMs indicated significantly higher levels of acceptance and non-judging than EMs, but similar levels of mindful attention. For EMs, mindful attention was negatively associated with acceptance and non-judging, while for WMs these variables were not associated. WMs reported lower levels of depression, anxiety and stress than EMs but the groups did not differ in levels of life satisfaction. Multiple regression analyses showed that, for both WMs and EMs, acceptance explained significant proportions of the variance in depression, anxiety, and stress. Acceptance and non-judging explained significant proportions of the variance in life satisfaction for WMs, but only mindful attention did so for EMs. Conclusions Results suggest that Western and Eastern conceptualisations of mindfulness and associated meditation practices may differ in critical ways. There is a need to develop valid mindfulness scales for use in Eastern collectivist cultures.

Effects of COVID‐19‐Related Racial Discrimination on Depression and Life Satisfaction Among Young, Middle, and Older Chinese Americans

This study examined the relationship between age and gender on Chinese American adults’ (N = 184) experiences of COVID‐19‐related racial discrimination, depression, and life satisfaction. Results indicated that COVID‐19‐related racial discrimination explained 47.9% of the variance in depression, and COVID‐19‐related racial discrimination and depression explained 42.3% of the variance in life satisfaction.

The Effect of Environmental Degradation, Climate Change, and the European Green Deal Tools on Life Satisfaction

Environmental issues, sustainability, and climate change have become the targets of many policies from international and governmental organizations including the EU’s European Green Deal action plan. This plan provides tools to address them—which include support for the circular economy, implementation of energy and environmental taxes, and investment in environmental protection—with the aim of favoring the well-being of EU citizens. In this context, this study analyses the impact of several parameters (environmental matters, global warming, circular economy, energy and environmental taxes, and expenditure and investment on the environment) on life satisfaction, or subjective well-being, and their effects on 33 European countries. For this purpose, four econometric models were carried out using data collected from the World Values Survey (WVS), the European Values Study (EVS), and the World Bank and Eurostat, reflecting subjective citizen satisfaction data. The findings present a highly significant inverse relationship between life satisfaction variables and both environmental problems and energy taxes. Additionally, there is a highly significant positive relationship between circular economy, environmental tax, and environmental protection expenditure parameters and life satisfaction variables, as well as, to a lesser degree of significance, with noise pollution from neighbours.

Dose-dependent and joint associations between screen time, physical activity, and mental wellbeing in adolescents: an international observational study

Mental wellbeing in adolescents has declined considerably during past decades, making the identification of modifiable risk factors important. Prolonged screen time and insufficient physical activity appear to operate independently and synergistically to increase the risk of poor mental wellbeing in school-aged children. We aimed to examine the gender-stratified dose-dependent and joint associations of screen time and physical activity with mental wellbeing in adolescents. We used data from three rounds of Health Behaviour in School-aged Children cross-sectional surveys (2006, 2010, and 2014) from 42 European and North American countries. Survey participants, aged 11 years, 13 years, and 15 years, provided self-reported information by completing an anonymous questionnaire that included items on health indicators and related behaviours. We used the self-reported variables of life satisfaction and psychosomatic complaints as indicators of adolescents' mental wellbeing, combining these with the self-reported discretionary use of screens and engagement in physical activity. We used generalised additive models and multilevel regression modelling to examine the gender-stratified relationships between mental wellbeing and screen time and physical activity. Our sample included 577 475 adolescents (mean age 13·60 years, SD 1·64), with 296 542 (51·35%) girls and 280 933 (48·64%) boys. The mean reported life satisfaction score (on a scale of 0-10) was 7·70 (95% CI 7·69-7·71) in boys and 7·48 (7·46-7·50) in girls. Psychosomatic complaints were more common among girls (mean 9·26, 95% CI 9·23-9·28) than boys (6·89, 6·87-6·91). Generalised additive model analyses showed slightly non-linear associations of screen time and physical activity with life satisfaction and psychosomatic complaints for girls and boys. Detrimental associations between screen time and mental wellbeing started when screen time exceeded 1 h per day, whereas increases in physical activity levels were beneficially and monotonically associated with wellbeing. Multilevel modelling showed that screen time levels were negatively associated with life satisfaction and positively associated with psychosomatic complaints in a dose-dependent manner. Physical activity levels were positively associated with life satisfaction and negatively associated with psychosomatic complaints in a dose-dependent manner. Joint associations of screen time-physical activity with mental wellbeing showed that, compared with the least active participants with more than 8 h per day of screen time and no physical activity, most of the other screen time-physical activity groups had considerably higher life satisfaction and lower psychosomatic complaints. Higher levels of screen time and lower levels of physical activity were associated with lower life satisfaction and higher psychosomatic complaints among adolescents from high-income countries. Public health strategies to promote adolescents' mental wellbeing should aim to decrease screen time and increase physical activity simultaneously. None.

The Effect of Nurses' Death Anxiety on Life Satisfaction During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey.

The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of nurses’ death anxiety on life satisfaction during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted with 411 nurses in Turkey. Data were collected online through Google Forms using a sociodemographic form, the Revised Death Anxiety Scale (RDAS), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Percentages, means, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and hierarchical linear regression models were used to analyze the data. The nurses’ mean age was 28.11 (SD = 6.27) years. More than half of the nurses stated that there were COVID-19 patients in the clinic where they worked (56.0%) and that they were afraid to provide care to patients diagnosed with COVID-19 (54.5%). Their mean RDAS total score was 57.33 (SD = 16.20), indicating moderate death anxiety, and their mean SWLS total score was 2.58 (SD = 0.82), indicating a low level of life satisfaction. Sociodemographic variables accounted for 8.8% of the variance. Death anxiety was associated with life satisfaction (β = − 0.118, p < 0.05). Model 3, which included all of the analyzed independent variables, explained 17% of the variance in life satisfaction (R2 = 0.171, p < 0.001). This study showed that death anxiety adversely affects life satisfaction. Higher death anxiety among nurses was associated with lower satisfaction with life. Based on the findings, we recommend providing more psychological and communication support to nurses and implementing systematic physical and psychological evaluations of nurses to facilitate early intervention.

Do romantic relationships promote happiness? Relationships’ characteristics as predictors of subjective well-being

This study aimed to investigate the predictive power of aspects of the romantic relationship on subjective well-being, beyond what is explained by sociodemographic and personality variables. Participants were 490 heterosexual adults (68.8% women), all involved in a monogamous romantic relationship. Romantic relationship variables were substantial predictors of the three components of subjective well-being, explaining 21% of the variance in life satisfaction, 19% of the variance in positive affect, and 15% of the variance in negative affect, in addition to sociodemographic variables and personality factors. Still, relationship satisfaction was one of the main predictors of subjective well-being. The results highlight the importance of romantic relationships over subjective well-being, suggesting that cultivating satisfying romantic relationships contributes to a happier life.

Pengaruh Resiliensi Karyawan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan melalui Kepuasan Hidup

The focus in this study is to discuss the effect of employee resilience on employee performance with life satisfaction as a mediation variable. The object of this research is the nurses at Rumah Sakit Islam Surabaya with the respondents is 71 nurses. This study used quantitative methods to process questionnaires that have previously been distributed online. Then used statistical analysis Partial Least Square with smartPLS 3.3 program. This study shows that there is a positive and significant influence between employee resilience to performance and employee life satisfaction. However, there was no significant influence found between satisfaction on employee performance. Furthermore, the relationship between employee resilience and employee performance through life satisfaction variables as a mediation was not found to have a significant effect. The implication of this research is that to maintain and improve the performance of nurses, it is necessary to have adaptive and resilient nurses in facing various challenges in the world of work, regardless of the level of life satisfaction of nurses.

Public Sector Employment, Quality of Government, and Well-Being: A Global Analysis

While a growing literature within the study of subjective well-being demonstrates the impact of socio-political factors on subjective well-being, scholars have conspicuously failed to consider the role of the size and scope of government as determinants of well-being. Where such studies exist, the focus is largely on the advanced industrial democracies of the Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development. In this study, we examine the size of the public sector as a determinant of cross-national variation in life satisfaction across a worldwide sample. Our findings strongly suggest that as the public sector grows, subjective well-being increases as well, conditional on the extent of quality of government. Using cross-sectional data on 84 countries, we show this relationship has an independent and separable impact from other economic and political factors.

The Mediating Role of Death Anxiety on The Relationship Between Successful Aging and Life Satisfaction

This study aimed to test the mediating role of death anxiety on the relationship between Turkish older adults’ levels of successful aging and life satisfaction. The study group consisted of 243 individuals (130 females, 113 males) aged 60 years and older. The Successful Aging Scale, Adult Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Death Anxiety Scale were used for data collection. The Pearson product-moment correlation technique and the standard multiple regression technique were used to analyze the data. Preliminary analysis showed the existence of significant relationships among the variables discussed in the study. The regression analysis results indicated that a significant relationship exists among elderly individuals’ levels of life satisfaction and death anxiety, with these variables significantly predicting their level of successful aging. Another important finding from this study was that the variables of death anxiety and life satisfaction together explain 36% of the total variance in successful aging. It was concluded that death anxiety was a mediating variable in the relationship between successful aging and life satisfaction. In this context, in order to obtain more detailed information, it is recommended to increase the studies in quantitative, qualitative and mixed methods within the framework of the concepts of death anxiety, successful aging and life satisfaction.

Growing up after childhood cancer: maturity and life satisfaction in young adulthood

PurposeYoung individuals face a variety of developmental tasks as they mature into adulthood. For survivors of childhood cancer, growing up may be more difficult due to their illness and late effects from treatment. This study is the first to quantitatively examine perceptions of maturity and how these perceptions contribute to satisfaction with life among young adult survivors of childhood cancer.MethodsNinety survivors of childhood cancer (Mage = 29.8; 7–37 years post-diagnosis) were recruited to complete online surveys on how mature they felt relative to peers, their perceived maturity on three domains (financial, personal, social), and life satisfaction.ResultsMost survivors (62%; n = 56) felt they grew up faster than their peers, and over half (56%; n = 50) felt more mature. Perceived maturity was high on all three domains, but brain tumor survivors reported significantly lower maturity than other survivors (d = 0.76–1.11). All maturity domains were positively associated with life satisfaction (r = .49–.56). Hierarchical linear regressions indicated that 44% of the variance in life satisfaction was explained by perceptions of growing up slower (β = − 1.08, p = .004) and marginally by greater perceived personal maturity (β = 0.45, p = .061).ConclusionsChildhood cancer can influence development, with most survivors feeling that they grew up faster and were more mature than peers. Personal maturity was related to life satisfaction, with survivors of brain tumors or those who felt they grew up slower at greatest risk for lower life satisfaction. Future research and clinical practice should consider survivors’ development and maturation across the life span to promote overall well-being.

Life satisfaction and the mediating role of character strengths and gains in informal caregivers.

WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT?: The role of informal caregiver can have both negative and positive consequences for a person's well-being. The main theoretical framework for explaining these consequences is the stress process model, which considers contextual variables, stressors and mediating/moderating factors. The latter are psychosocial factors such as coping strategies, personal mastery, social support or beliefs and values which may influence caregiver well-being. The perception of gains in caregiving has also been proposed as a mediating variable since it may act as a coping strategy. However, few studies have examined values and perceived gains as mediating variables with life satisfaction as the outcome. WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: This study explores the role of character strengths and caregiver gains as mediators between stressors and life satisfaction in informal caregivers of persons with dementia. The results identify hope as a key character strength, its lack being one pathway through which stress may lead to low life satisfaction and low perceived gains from caregiving. WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: Caregivers who experience a lack of hope may be less able to generate goals and be less motivated to achieve them. Our findings are relevant to gerontological nursing based on the Senses Framework as they confirm the importance of the senses of purpose and achievement. Nursing and care staff can play an active role in helping informal caregivers to meet their goals by promoting these two senses, thereby fostering a more positive caregiving experience. ABSTRACT: Introduction Being an informal caregiver can have both negative and positive consequences for well-being. Within the framework of the stress process model, few studies have examined values and perceived gains of caregiving as mediating variables of life satisfaction. Aim To explore the role of character strengths and perceived gains as mediators in the association between life satisfaction and primary and secondary stressors in informal caregivers of persons with dementia. Method Participants were 112 informal caregivers. Hierarchical regression, correlation and mediation analyses were performed. Results Lower life satisfaction was associated with being female, unmarried, caring for someone with greater cognitive impairment, a higher level of stress, having restricted leisure time and perceiving financial difficulties. Hope mediated the associations between perceived stress and both life satisfaction and perceived gains of caregiving. Discussion Hope is a key strength and its lack is one pathway through which stress may cause low satisfaction and low perceived gains from caregiving. Implications for practice Without hope, it is difficult for caregivers to generate goals and be motivated to achieve them. Nursing and care staff should aim to promote a sense of purpose and achievement among informal caregivers so as to foster a more positive caring experience.

Leader-member exchange fosters nurses' job and life satisfaction: The mediating effect of job crafting.

This study aims to evaluate the effects of leader-member exchange (LMX) on job and life satisfaction among nurses in China and to examine the mediating effect of individual and collaborative job crafting between LMX and job and life satisfaction. The study recruited 263 nurses who worked in hospitals in Zhejiang province, China. A set of self-administered questionnaires were used to measure the variables of LMX, job crafting, job and life satisfaction. The data was analyzed using the partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The results reveal that LMX has a significant positive influence on job crafting and job satisfaction. Collaborative job crafting has a significant positive influence on the job satisfaction of nurses, whereas individual job crafting does not. Moreover, LMX will affect job satisfaction and life satisfaction through a partial mediating effect of both individual and collaborative job crafting. Finally, the article discusses the academically and practical implications, and also provide some suggestions and directions for the future research.

PSİKOLOJİK SAĞLAMLIK İLE YAŞAM DOYUMU ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİDE ÖZ YETERLİĞİN ARACI ETKİSİ

Bu çalışmada, üniversite öğrencilerinin psikolojik sağlamlıkları ile yaşam doyumları&#x0D; arasındaki ilişkide genel öz-yeterliğin aracı etkisi araştırılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Düzce Üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 170 kız ve 237 erkek olmak üzere toplam 409 üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada, veri toplama aracı olarak Kısa Psikolojik Sağlamlık Ölçeği, Genel Öz-Yeterlik Ölçeği ve Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği, kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, SPSS 26 istatistiksel analiz program kullanılarak Faktör Analizi, Güvenirlik Analizi, Pearson Korelasyon Analizi ve Process Macro (Model 4) kullanılarak aracı değişken analizi yapılarak test edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar psikolojik sağlamlık ile genel öz-yeterlik, psikolojik sağlamlık ile yaşam doyumu ve genel öz-yeterlik ile yaşam doyumu değişkenleri arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı ilişkilerin olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca ile psikolojik sağlamlık ile yaşam doyumu arasında genel öz-yeterliğin aracı etkisinin olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Symptom centrality and infrequency of endorsement identify adolescent depression symptoms more strongly associated with life satisfaction

Although depression symptoms are often treated as interchangeable, some symptoms may relate to adolescent life satisfaction more strongly than others. To assess this premise, we first conducted a network analysis on the Mood and Feelings Questionnaire (MFQ) in a large (N = 1,059), cross-sectional sample of community adolescents (age M = 14.72 ± 1.79). The most central symptoms of adolescent depression, as indexed by strength, were self-hatred, loneliness, sadness, and worthlessness while the least frequently endorsed symptoms were self-hatred, anhedonia, feeling like a bad person, and feeling unloved. Moreover, the more central a depression symptom was in the network (i.e., higher strength), the more variance it shared with life satisfaction (r = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.76). How frequently a symptom was endorsed was negatively associated with the variance symptoms shared with life satisfaction (r = -0.48, 95% CI: -0.63, -0.21). Cross-validated, prediction focused models found central symptoms were expected to predict more out of fold variance in life satisfaction than peripheral symptoms and frequently endorsed symptoms, but not the least frequently endorsed symptoms. These findings show certain depression symptoms may be more strongly associated with life satisfaction in adolescence and these symptoms can be identified by multiple symptom-level metrics. Limitations include use of cross-sectional data and utilizing a community sample. Better understanding which symptoms of depression share more variance with important outcomes like life satisfaction could help us develop a more fine-grained understanding of adolescent depression.

Impact of Bauxite Mining on Quality of Life: An Analysis of Road Users

Mining activities are often associated with various adverse effects. Until now, most research focuses on the environmental, occupational, and health impacts of mining activities. However, existing literature lacks information on mining activities’ impact on the quality of life of surrounding road users. Therefore, this research aims to compare the quality of life of road users between bauxite and non-bauxite areas. To achieve that objective, questionnaire survey data from road users were collected and analyzed. The findings suggest that the affected road users have an overall significantly lower health- related quality of life than the control group. Specifically, the affected road users have significantly lower physical-, psychological-, and social-related quality of life. While numerous other factors might influence the participants’ quality of life, respondent demographic and road satisfaction variables have a low to a negligible relationship with the quality of life in this study. This research’s key contribution is by identifying the impact of mining activities on road users in a developing country.

HUBUGAN ANTARA KEBERFUNGSIAN KELUARGA DENGAN KEPUASAN HIDUP (LIFE SATISFACTION) PADA ANAK

This study aims to find out the relationship between family functioning variables and life satisfaction in children. The sample of this study was students who attended SD X and SD Y and were 10 to 12 years old. The analysis used a correlation product moment from Spearman. The result of statistical analysis found significant relationship between family functioning variables and life satisfaction variables in children, with correlations r = 0.252 and p = 0.009 (p&lt;0.05). The hypothesis test used is a normality test and a linearity test.