Variance In Behavioral Intention Research Articles

Are teachers ready to immerse? Acceptance of mobile immersive virtual reality in secondary education teachers

The increasing mainstream adoption of immersive virtual reality (iVR) in education has triggered research about key variables explaining acceptance of iVR by teachers. In this study we adopted the UTAUT2 acceptance model as a theoretical framework enriched with the variable personal innovativeness. 379 Flemish secondary education teachers watched a video about iVR learning experiences, after which an online survey concerning their perceptions was administered. General linear modeling was performed to test the hypotheses. Results indicate performance expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation and personal innovativeness to be significantly associated with behavioural intention to use. No moderating effect of age, gender or experience was observed. The results account for 54% of the variance in behavioural intention to use. The findings help to understand which factors are key in the acceptance of mobile iVR by secondary education teachers and might help defining successful iVR implementation strategies.

Analysis of E-Government Health Application Features Acceptance on Partner Applications During COVID-19

This study analyzes the factors that influence public acceptance of E-Government Health Application feature on partner applications. The current phenomenon in the health sector is the emergence of COVID-19 which has a very fast rate of human-to-human spread. To handle these cases, the government evaluates and looks for new innovations by cooperating with new partners and making E-Government Health Application feature accessible through partner applications to make it easier for the public. The successful use of the system is influenced by the acceptance and use of the individual who uses it. The research model used in this study is a modified UTAUT2 model with a total sample of 250 respondents. Model testing is done by statistical analysis using SmartPLS software. It was found that Facilitating Conditions and Behavioral Intention variables had a positive and significant effect on Use Behavior variable with t-statistic of 3.659 and 4.505. Habit had a positive and significant effect on Behavioral Intention and Use Behavior variables with t-statistic of 7.939 and 3.232. Meanwhile, the Experience moderating variable affects the Facilitating Condition on Behavioral Intention variable and affects the Behavioral Intention on Use Behavior variable with t-statistics of 2.069 and 1.972

Motivation to interaction media: The impact of automation trust and self-determination theory on intention to use the new interaction technology in autonomous vehicles.

This research investigated the effects of three psychological needs (competence, autonomy, and relatedness) of self-determination theory (SDT) and automation trust on the intention of users to employ new interaction technology brought by autonomous vehicles (AVs), especially interaction mode and virtual image. This study focuses on the discussion from the perspective of psychological motivation theory applied to AV interaction technology. With the use of a structured questionnaire, participants completed self-report measures related to these two interaction technologies; a total of 155 drivers' responses were analyzed. The results indicated that users' intentions were directly predicted by their perceived competence, autonomy, and relatedness of SDT and automation trust, which jointly explained at least 66% of the variance in behavioral intention. In addition to these results, the contribution of predictive components to behavioral intention is influenced by the type of interaction technology. Relatedness and competence significantly impacted the behavioral intention to use the interaction mode but not the virtual image. These findings are essential in that they support the necessity of distinguishing between types of AV interaction technology when predicting users' intentions to use.

Revisiting Unified Theory of Technology and Use of Technology Using Meta-analytic Structural Equation Modelling

The Unified Theory of Technology and Use of Technology (UTAUT) has been widely used in information system studies since its introduction in 2003. The current study synthesizes 40 empirical studies based on UTAUT in educational contexts using the one-stage meta-analytic structural equation modelling method. While the study confirmed the initial findings by Ventakesh et al. (2003), the model in this study underperformed in the explained variance of behavioral intention. However, the explained variance of usage behavior performed better than the original UTAUT. After introducing new direct relationships between the UTAUT constructs, it was found that the construct, facilitating conditions, was a new predictor of behavioral intention. At the same time, effort expectancy and social influence were new predictors of usage behavior. There have been studies on the UTAUT model with many diverse findings since its inception in 2003. The method introduced in this study, a One-Stage combined Meta-Analysis and Structural Equation Modelling (OSMASEM), offers an approach for researchers to use past empirical data to examine the UTAUT framework without relying on replicating similar studies. As more empirical data from UTAUT research are added to train the data model using OSMASEM, researchers can now study how educational technology trends change over time.

Determinants of behavioral intention to use big data analytics (BDA) on the information and communication technologies (ICT) SMEs in Jordan

Big Data Analytics (BDA) provides an important resource for businesses seeking to enhance their performance and gain a competitive advantage, although not all organizations are adopting BDA techniques, and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Jordan have been slow in this regard, despite being key players in any healthy economy, and the fact that BDA adoption can be facilitated by using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The purpose of this study is to investigate the drivers of behavioral intention among managerial-level employees in Jordanian ICT SMEs to adopt BDA through a quantitative correlational research approach. The TAM questionnaire was used to gather data from 271 online survey participants in Jordan using Google Forms. The target group included management level staff working in small and medium-sized ICT firms (SMEs). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to evaluate the research instrument's reliability and validity, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was utilized to test the study's hypotheses. The findings revealed that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and perceived “privacy and security” significantly influenced managerial-level employees' behavioral intention to use BDA in their organizations. The research findings also supported the application of TAM, and the results of the investigation indicated that managerial-level employees would be willing to use BDA techniques providing they were perceived to be useful, user-effortless, and posed little concern about privacy and security. Overall, the current study's results demonstrate that the suggested model had good predictive power, 51% of the variance in behavioral intention, and was therefore capable of predicting managers' intentions to use BDA.

UNDERSTANDING BEHAVIOURAL INTENTION OF EXPERIENCING VIRTUAL TOURISM DURING COVID-19: AN EXTENSION OF THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOUR

Purpose – The overall purpose of this study is to assess consumers’ behavioural intentions regarding virtual tourism COVID -19 using the TPB. This work sought to assess the applicability of TPB utilising its foremost constructs, i.e., attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control, with the inclusion of perceived security. Design/Methodology – A web-based questionnaire was utilised to gather the data that was randomised. A link to a Google form was posted on the websites of travel companies offering virtual tours and other social networking sites from August 1, 2021, to September 15, 2021, resulting in 408 usable responses. The data were analysed via SEM using the programmes AMOS and SPSS, and statistical analysis was performed for the proposed hypotheses. Approach – This paper presents the latest findings and important details about consumers’ behavioural intentions regarding virtual tourism in a bid to provide insightful details for the tourism and travel sector in general and for travel agencies offering virtual tourism packages in particular. Findings – Research findings suggest that subjective norm and perceived safety influence people’s behavioural intentions toward virtual tourism as an alternate to on-site tourism. 52% of the variance in behavioural intention toward virtual tourism during the Corona virus period was explained by the factors as a whole. Originality – This study lends to the evaluation of consumer interest in virtual travel by linking the TPB variables to perceived safety, making it a novelty of its kind. So far as the authors are aware, no previous work in the Indian context has evaluated TPB by including a measure of perceived safety in its attempt to shed light on Indians’ behaviour toward virtual tourism.

Understanding intention to use bike sharing systems in urban areas in Germany: A mixed-methods analysis

Bike sharing systems (BSSs) can contribute to sustainable mobility. For the design of BSSs, detailed knowledge is still needed about decision-making processes regarding the use of BSSs. This research uses a mixed-methods approach. Using a data set of 202 respondents, a structural equation model (SEM) was calculated with the predictors Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Facilitating Conditions, Social Influence and Habit. The SEM explained 52% of the variance in Behavioral Intention (BI). Performance Expectancy and Habit emerged as significant predictors. Obtained findings were supplemented by guided interviews to gain further insight. Based on a population that habitually uses its own bicycles, it is suggested to promote BSSs as part of multimodal transportation systems. Flexible pricing models and high-quality bikes are also central aspects to the intention to use BSSs.

Applying an extended prototype willingness model to predict back seat safety belt use in China

<abstract> <p>The risk of injury and death in traffic accidents for passengers in the back and front seats can be reduced by utilizing safety belts. However, passengers use back seatbelts far less frequently than those in the front. More investigation is therefore required into the psychological constructs that affect individuals' attitudes toward using back seat belts. In this study, four models were used to analyze individual intentions and actual back seat belt use: the standard theory of planned behavior (TPB); the standard prototype willingness model (PWM); a model that integrates the TPB and PWM constructs; and a model that integrates the TPB construct, PWM constructs, descriptive norms and perceived law enforcement. The results showed that the standard PWM has much more explanatory power than the standard TPB in explaining the variance in behavioral intention and behavior. Incorporating perceived behavioral control (PBC) into the standard PWM did not improve the model fit considerably, while incorporating descriptive norms and perceived law enforcement moderately improved the model fit. Attitude greatly impacted behavioral intention and the use of back seat belts, followed by perceived law enforcement and descriptive norms, while subjective norms, prototype favorability, prototype similarity and PBC had no significant effect.</p> </abstract>

An empirical investigation on acceptance of mobile payment system services in Jordan: extending UTAUT2 model with security and privacy

Several developed and developing countries have launched a mobile payment system service, which is known in Jordan as Jordan Mobile Payment (JoMoPay) system to overcome the drawbacks of traditional payment system. The system supports payment transactions by utilising mobile phones applications. However, the acceptance of JoMoPay system in Jordan is still below the level of expectation. This study was undertaken to understand and explain the acceptance of JoMoPay system based on extending the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2) model in the Jordanian context. The model was extended by considering two additional constructs namely; security and privacy. Utilising a self-reported survey, collected data was analysed using structural equation modelling (SEM) to test the research model. Five constructs were found to be the determinants of behavioural intention to use JoMoPay system, namely performance expectancy, social influence, price value, security and privacy. Together they account for 61.4% of the variance in behavioural intention. However, effort expectancy, facilitating condition and hedonic motivation did not have a significant impact on behavioural intention to use JoMoPay system and hence the related hypotheses were not supported. Lastly, conclusions, limitations and future research directions will be discussed further in the last section of the paper.

Understanding mobile e-wallet consumers’ intentions and user behavior

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the factors that influence behavioral intention (BI) and usage of e-wallets by extending the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) with constructs, namely, mobile self-efficacy, perceived enjoyment and satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachThis quantitative study used partial least squares structural equation modeling on a sample of 576 mobile e-wallet users surveyed online.FindingsThe key findings indicate that the model can explain 58.8% of the variance in behavioral intention and 53.8% in usage. Moreover, mobile self-efficacy has a significant influence on perceived enjoyment. Perceived enjoyment significantly affects satisfaction, effort expectancy and performance expectancy. Furthermore, effort expectancy significantly influences customer satisfaction in contrast to performance expectancy. In addition, although performance expectancy, social influence and satisfaction significantly impact consumers’ behavioral intention, effort expectancy and facilitating conditions condition have an insignificant influence on consumers’ behavioral intention. E-wallet stakeholders can use the findings of this study to make strategic decisions regarding the e-wallet ecosystem.Originality/valueAlthough previous studies have independently addressed the impact of mobile self-efficacy, perceived enjoyment and satisfaction on consumers’ behavioral intention and usage behavior, the expanded framework with the possible relationships proposed in this study has never been adequately studied in previous research in the context of e-wallets in developing countries based on an empirical analysis. This study represents one of the first attempts to improve the UTAUT by empirically analyzing these relationships.

Using augmented reality to reduce cognitive dissonance and increase purchase intention

Augmented reality(AR) has been shown to improve consumers' shopping decisions and experiences. Based on a theoretical stimulus-organism-response model and cognitive load theory, this research examines the effects that AR has on cognitive variables related to cognitive load, hitherto scarcely considered. Specifically, this research examines the impact of perceived similarity among options, confusion caused by overchoice and prepurchase cognitive dissonance on purchase-related behavioral intention variables such as purchase intention and willingness to pay for products. The study is based on consumers' AR web shopping experiences of an online cosmetics store which offers a wide assortment of products. The mixed-method research combines two focus groups and an experiment. This combination allows triangulation of the findings to provide corroboration. The results showed that AR reduces cognitive dissonance through its effects on perceived similarity and confusion caused by overchoice. Furthermore, lower cognitive load enhances purchase intentions, resulting in greater willingness to pay more for the product. The research extends knowledge of the benefits provided to consumers by AR in their decision-making through its impacts on perceived similarity, confusion by overchoice and prepurchase cognitive dissonance. The application of web AR in e-commerce shops is particularly useful when a wide assortment of similar products is offered. Online retailers can use AR to improve their economic performance both by increasing their sales’ volumes and their margins.

Examining the factors affecting teachers’ use of digital learning resources with UTAUT2

Digital learning resources include various tools and applications that effectively plan and evaluate instructions, increase student learning, and make the teaching process more efficient. Although digital learning resources are compatible with Generation Z students’ learning paths and are used to make the teaching planning, implementation, and evaluation process more practical, teachers do not frequently use them. This study aimsto determine the predictive powers of variables within the framework of the UTAUT2 model for teachers’ intention to use and their use behavior of Digital Teaching Resources. In line with the research purpose, data from 355 teachers working at different education levels were collected through the UTAUT2 scale. In the UTAUT2 model, Social Influence, Facilitating Conditions, Hedonic Motivation, Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Price Value, and Habit are exogenous variables. Furthermore, Use Behavioris endogenous and Behavioral Intention is the mediator variable. Path analysis was used for determining the predictive level of the exogenous variables and the mediating variable. According to the results, teachers’ Intention to Use digital learning materials is predicted by Hedonic Motivation, Performance Expectancy, and Habit. Similarly, the Use Behavior is predicted by Behavioral Intention and Habit. Extrinsic variables directly explain 81% of the variance in Behavioral Intention, while exogenous variables and Behavioral Intention directly or indirectly explain 67% of the variance in Use Behavior.

Public Acceptance of Last-Mile Shuttle Bus Services with Automation and Electrification in Cold-Climate Environments

The last-mile shuttle bus service with automation and electrification has emerged to fill gaps in on-demand transportation systems and its goals are to satisfy the door-to-door mobility needs of residents. It could help to enhance the happiness of public travel in cold-climate environments, which is also considered a pro-social public transportation service. Although it has the potential to promote sustainable and environmentally friendly mobility systems, the successful implementation of last-mile shuttle bus services with automation and electrification highly depends on individuals’ willingness to accept. In this paper, a theoretical acceptance model for last-mile shuttle bus services with automation and electrification is proposed. Partial least squares structural equation modeling is employed to examine research model in accordance with 986 valid questionnaires answered by public in snow and ice environments. The outcomes show that the proposed model accounts for 73.4% of the variance in behavioral intention to utilize last-mile shuttle bus services with automation and electrification. The strongest determinants of behavior intention are attitude and perceived usefulness. In addition, perceived risk negatively affects behavioral intention. We also provide theoretical findings and practical suggestions for developing last-mile shuttle bus services with automation and electrification based on the results and our analysis.

The Acceptance Behavior of Smart Home Health Care Services in South Korea: An Integrated Model of UTAUT and TTF.

With the COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of home health care to manage and monitor one’s health status in a home environment became more crucial than ever. This change raised the need for smart home health care services (SHHSs) and their extension to everyday life. However, the factors influencing the acceptance behavior of SHHSs have been inadequately investigated and failed to address why users have the intention to use and adopt the services. This study aimed to analyze the influential factors and measure the behavioral acceptance of SHHSs in South Korea. This study adopted the integrated model of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) and task–technology fit (TTF) to understand the behavioral acceptance of SHHSs from users’ perceptions and task–technology fit. Multiple-item scales were established based on validated previous measurement scales and adjusted in accordance with SHHS context. Data from 487 valid samples were analyzed statistically, applying partial least square structural equation modeling. The results indicated that the integrated acceptance model explained 55.2% of the variance in behavioral intention, 44.9% of adoption, and 62.5% of the continuous intention to use SHHSs, supporting 11 of the 13 proposed hypotheses. Behavioral intention was positively influenced by users’ perceptions on performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and functional conditions. Task–technology fit significantly influenced performance expectancy and behavioral intention, validating the linkage between the two models. Meanwhile, task characteristics were insignificant to determine task–technology fit, which might stem from complex home health care needs due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but were not sufficiently resolved by current service technologies. The findings implied that the acceptance of SHHSs needs to be evaluated according to both the user perceptions of technologies and the matching fit of task and technology. Theoretically, this study supports the applicability of the integrated model of UTAUT and TTF to the domain of SHHS, and newly proposed the measurement items of TTF reflecting the domain specificity of SHHS, providing empirical evidence during the pandemic era in South Korea. Practically, the results could suggest to the planners and strategists of home health care services how to promote SHHS in one’s health management.

The risk-taking behavioural intentions of pilots in adverse weather conditions: an application of the theory of planned behaviour

This paper examined pilots’ risk-taking behavioural intentions based on the theory of planned behaviour, as well as the impact of experience on behavioural intentions in adverse weather conditions. Two hundred and seventy-three airline pilots and flying cadets were divided into two groups and asked to complete a questionnaire based on two decision-making scenarios. This questionnaire measured pilots’ intentions to take risks, along with the attitude towards the behaviour, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control (PBC), risk perception, and self-identity. The results showed that attitude, subjective norm, PBC, and risk perception explained 52% of the variance in behavioural intentions. Additionally, pilots’ risk-taking decisions can be influenced by experience. Inexperienced pilots had a relatively stronger intention to take risks and a more favourable attitude towards risky behaviour. Moreover, pilots were more likely to rely on their own direct experience in the decision-making process. Practitioner summary: This study examined the pilots’ risk-taking intentions under adverse weather conditions using a questionnaire based on the TPB theory. Results demonstrated that the TPB model can be applied to the risk-taking scenario and that experience can influence pilots’ decisions. These findings have implications for improving flight safety and lowering accident rates.

Older Adults' Behavioral Intentions Toward Advance Care Planning Based on Theory of Reasoned Action.

This study aimed to explore the factors affecting the behavioral intentions of older adults toward advance care planning (ACP). A questionnaire survey was conducted at 2 medical wards and a senior activity center in northern Taiwan. Four hundred one participants were older adults aged over 65 years, comprising hospitalized patients, their caregivers, and members of a senior activity center. The regression model revealed that participant type (patient, caregiver, or community resident); financial support; discussion of ACP with family; and knowledge, attitudes, and subjective norms accounted for 46.3% of the variance in behavioral intentions. The behavioral intention of caregivers was higher than that of patients. The behavioral intention of participants who were financially dependent on the family was lower than that of pensioners. Regarding discussing ACP with family, older adults in the contemplation and preparation stages score higher on behavioral intention than those in the precontemplation stage. This study supports the theory of reasoned action. Older adults' ACP knowledge and attitudes need to be enhanced through education. Caregivers' behavioral intentions tend to perform ACP. Sharing their caring experiences may be a strategy for promoting ACP. Older adults' financial status affects their behavioral intentions. Therefore, financial planning should be performed early and should incorporate ACP.

Examining the key drivers of student acceptance of online labs

ABSTRACT As an important tool for STEM education, online labs have gained significant research attention. However, our understanding of online labs is limited by the inattention to the factors that contribute to the acceptance of online labs. This study adopts the UTAUT model to investigate the salient determinants of use of online labs. We test the proposed research model with data from N = 194 students. We find that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence are positively related to behavioral intention. Behavioral Intention, in turn, is positively related to use. In contrast, the association between facilitating conditions and use is not significant. In terms of the moderating links in the research model, age did not moderate any of the four links (performance expectancy and behavioral intention; effort expectancy and behavioral intention; social influence and behavioral intention; facilitating conditions and use) and gender did not moderate any of the three links (performance expectancy and behavioral intention; effort expectancy and behavioral intention; social influence and behavioral intention). The three variables (performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence) explain 61.4% of variance in behavioral intention. In contrast, the two variables (behavioral intention and facilitating conditions) explain only 15.7% of variance in use. .

Influencing Factors of College Students' Use of Sports Apps in Mandatory Situations: Based on UTAUT and SDT.

Sports apps are third-party applications for smartphones or wearables that can help users record fitness data and guide their exercise behavior. Many Chinese college students are compelled to use sports apps for running exercises to improve their physical health and cultivate extracurricular exercise habits; however, the acceptance and use of sports apps by college students in mandatory situations requires elucidation. We explored the influencing factors of university students' behavioral intention and usage behavior to use sports apps in mandatory situations by combining the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology and the Self-Determination Theory. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 249 students of Liaoning University of Technology by using non-probabilistic convenient sampling. Data analysis was performed by employing partial least squares structural equation modeling. The results showed that (1) the research model explained 66% (R2 = 0.66) of the variance in behavioral intention and 30% (R2 = 0.30) of the variance in usage behavior; (2) performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, and autonomous motivation significantly positively affected behavioral intention, while controlled motivation negatively affected behavioral intention; and (3) behavioral intention, autonomous motivation, and controlled motivation significantly positively affected usage behavior. The influence of facilitating conditions on usage behavior was non-significant. The results will help technical developers and schools to better understand the influencing factors of college students' use of sports apps in mandatory situations, and formulate corresponding improvement strategies and policies to further promote the role sports apps play in college students' exercise behavior.

Predictors of colorectal cancer screening intention based on the integrated theory of planned behavior among the average-risk individuals

BackgroundThis study aimed to determine the predictors of colorectal cancer screening intention based on the integrated theory of planned behavior among average -risk individuals in Urmia. Identifying these predictors will help design and implement various interventions, including educational interventions, according to the needs of this group, thereby taking a step towards improving the colorectal cancer screening index.MethodsThe present cross-sectional study was performed on 410 individuals at average risk of colorectal cancer referring to the comprehensive health services centers of Urmia in Iran. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire consisting of two parts. The first part captured the demographic information and medical history of the participants. The second part involved questions designed based on constructs of motivational phase of health action process approach, and theory of planned behavior, as well as behavioral intent to perform colorectal cancer screening. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software.ResultsOutcome expectancies, risk perception, action self-efficacy, and normative beliefs, respectively had the largest impact and were significant and positive predictors of colorectal cancer screening intention. The study’s conceptual framework explained about 36% of the variance of behavioral intention among the average-risk individuals in Urmia.ConclusionsConstructs of motivational phase of health action process approach, and theory of planned behavior are valuable and appropriate to identify the factors affecting the intention to undergo colorectal cancer screening as well as to design and implement educational interventions in this field. The four constructs of outcome expectancies, risk perception, action self-efficacy, and normative beliefs are suggested to be integrated into all educational interventions designed and implemented to improve the colorectal cancer screening index.

Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior in the Social Commerce Context: A Meta-Analytic SEM (MASEM) Approach

The theory of planned behavior (TPB) is popular in social commerce research, but existing studies have yielded inconclusive and inconsistent findings. As TPB was developed before the introduction of the Internet, Web 2.0 technologies, and social media, it is time to evaluate whether its relevance, effectiveness, novelty, and parsimony may have deteriorated due to temporal factors and the emergence of new Information Systems (IS) artifacts. In this work, an extended TPB2 is proposed by integrating social support, and MASEM analysis was conducted using a pooled correlation matrix. The findings revealed that TPB2 can better capture the nature of social commerce, as it can explain 28.4% of the variance in attitude, 59.0% of the variance in behavioral intention, and 9% of the variance in use behavior. In addition, it indicates that masculinity and uncertainty avoidance are the most significant Hofstedian cultural dimensions. The theoretical and managerial implications are also discussed along with the research agenda.