Variance In Life Satisfaction Research Articles

Yaşam Doyumunun Yordanması: Öz Yeterlik ve Sinik Tutumlar

This study aimed to investigate the effect of self-efficacy and cynical attitudes on life
 satisfaction. Participants, including 330 college students of whom 66.97% were women
 in the 18-36 age range (M = 21.20, SD = 1.91), from different academic departments and
 class levels of a state university in Middle Anatolia, completed the Self-Efficacy Scale,
 the Cynical Attitudes Towards University Scale, the Life Satisfaction Scale and the personal
 information form. In data analysis, correlation and regression analysis were utilized.
 The correlation analysis indicated significant relations between self-efficacy, cynical attitudes
 towards university, and life satisfaction. Self-efficacy and cynical attitudes towards
 university explained 17% of the variance in life satisfaction. The results were discussed in
 the light of information obtained from related literature and some suggestions for further
 studies were provided.

Cognitive Factors of Life Satisfaction among the Russian Elderly

The overall aim of this article was to examine factors related to life satisfaction in old age. There are several approaches to understanding life satisfaction in psychology. Some theories that emphasize objective circumstances as most influential for life satisfaction are commonly labelled bottom-up theories, whereas theories that focus on stable individual characteristics are commonly labelled top-down theories. It is argued that certain personality traits, in particular extraversion and neuroticism, partly determine a persons satisfaction with life. At the same time, cognitive factors related to life satisfaction are rarely the subject of empirical research. In this study, age, social status (works, does not work, in retirement), type of family (nuclear or extended), and a number of indices of cognitive functioning (cognitive flexibility, memory - short-term and long-term, creativity and thinking) were used as predictor variables of life satisfaction. Ninety-seven respondents aged 50-84 participated in the research, which finds that, along with non-cognitive factors of life satisfaction, cognitive factors play great roles as well. Based on the data obtained, an empirical model of cognitive factors of life satisfaction was constructed. This research demonstrates that all cognitive variables examined (flexibility of thinking, long-term memory, short-term memory, thinking and creativity) make positive contributions to increasing satisfaction; notably the roles of long-term memory and creativity are especially salient. This study also found satisfaction is significantly higher among working older respondents when compared with their non-working colleagues, with the oldest employees the most satisfied. Family status is a factor related to life satisfaction in old age as well, since old people who live with a spouse are more satisfied than those who live in extended families with children and grandchildren. A regression model combined variables from top-down and bottom-up theories. The model includes memory and age as personal characteristics, and family type as a circumstantial predictor for life satisfaction in old age.

Povezanost šolske klime z zaznavanjem zadovoljstvaz življenjem slovenskih mladostnikovv raziskavi PISA 2018

Connectedness of the school climate and perceived life-satisfaction of the Slovene youth in PISA 2018 Life satisfaction depends, on the one hand, on the subjective characteristics of the individual and on the other hand on environmental factors. The school climate is strongly connected with the adolescents' everyday experience and self-evaluation, and teachers are important adults in this environment who can enhance their feelings and beliefs. We were interested in the main predictors of life satisfaction in the school environment. The multiple regression analysis was conducted on the PISA 2018. The analysis included 4810 15-year-olds. We included seven predictors in the model: a sense of belonging to the school, the frequency of peer violence, the disciplinary climate, the teacher's enthusiasm, the teacher's support, teacher-directed instruction and the teacher's feedback. The five-predictor model explains 12.1% of the total variance in life satisfaction and is statistically significant. Adolescents are more satisfied with their lives when they experience higher school belonging, when they perceive or experience less violence from peers, when they perceive or experience support from teachers during lessons, when they receive precise instructions for their work and when they receive formative feedback. Key words: school climate, life satisfaction, adolescents, PISA 2018

Relationship Between Family Participation in Sport/Recreational Activities and Marital and Life Satisfaction

Background: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between family participation in sport/recreational activities and marital satisfaction and life satisfaction. Methods: The study was survey-correlational research. The statistical population included all families living in Mashhad City. Using the cluster sampling method, six parks were selected from the different regions of Mashhad. Then, the researcher referred to the selected parks and distributed the questionnaires to families who came together for recreation in the park. Considering the unknown number of populations, the statistical sample was determined as 384 individuals, based on the Morgan table. To reach the sample size, 500 questionnaires were distributed, however, 430 questionnaires were returned. Data collection tools included the Handrich marital satisfaction questionnaire and the Newgarten life satisfaction questionnaire. Using the Cronbach alpha coefficient, the reliability was calculated as 0.82 for the marital satisfaction questionnaire and as 0.88 for the life satisfaction questionnaire. Also, we used descriptive statistics, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the Cronbach alpha, the Pearson correlation test, and linear regression for data analysis, in SPSS V. 22. Results: The findings showed that 54.18% of the respondents were female. Besides, most of the participants (75.8%) were in the age range of 30 to 60 years. The results of the hypotheses testing showed a significant relationship between marital satisfaction and the weekly, monthly, and annual participation of families in sport/recreational activities. Also, life satisfaction was significantly associated with the weekly, monthly, and annual participation of families in sport/recreational activities. Conclusion: Totally, 19.99% of the total variance of life satisfaction is predicted by marital satisfaction

Validity of Single-item Versus Multiple-item Job Satisfaction Measures in Predicting Life: Satisfaction and Turnover Intention

The use of single-item (SI) measures to operationalise a construct has endured extensive methodological critique, and its practical advantages over multiple-item (MI) measures pale in comparisons to the theoretical advantages of MI measures. Among constructs that have been operationalised with a single item, job satisfaction remains one of the favourites, although empirical knowledge about its validity is limited to data derived from management, marketing and human resources fields. Little is known about its validity among human service professionals. Using two cross-sectional surveys, the present article describes validity of SI versus MI measures of job satisfaction in predicting life satisfaction and turnover intention among social workers across organisations and professional specialisations, including supervisors, managers and administrators. Results in both studies suggested that SI measure of job satisfaction was methodologically and analytically suitable for examining job-related outcomes. It established convergent validity with MI job satisfaction measures and discriminant validity with job dissatisfaction measures. It demonstrated comparable demographic outcomes, association and predictive relationship with life satisfaction and turnover intention in the same magnitude as MI job satisfaction. It accounted for comparable variance in life satisfaction and turnover intention and generated bivariate, multivariate and mediation model outcomes that are systematically similar to those of MI job satisfaction measures. The article stipulates conditions for the use of SI job satisfaction measures, offers suggestions about how to resolve methodological impasse in choosing between SI and MI measures, and concludes with recommendations that include criteria for choosing between SI and MI measures for research.

Examining Relationships among Contextual, Motivational and Wellbeing Variables of Immigrant Language-Minority College Students

The number of immigrant undergraduate students with diverse ethnicities and native languages has been continuously increasing. As a result, Immigrant Language-Minority (ILM) college student wellbeing and retention is the focus of many higher education institutions. The purpose of the present exploratory study was to examine relationships among personal (e.g., self-efficacy for learning, self-regulation), contextual (e.g., stereotype threat, sense of belonging), and wellbeing (e.g., negative affect, positive affect, academic satisfaction and life satisfaction) variables with 502 ILM undergraduate students. Grounded in the social-cognitive perspective, a model was proposed where contextual variables influence personal beliefs and in turn student wellbeing perceptions. Using structural equation modeling, data showed that sense of belonging directly predicted student self-regulation, self-efficacy, positive affect, negative affect, and academic and life satisfaction, whereas stereotype threat directly predicted self-efficacy and negative affect. Moreover, findings also showed that self-efficacy mediated the relationship between sense of belonging, stereotype threat, and academic satisfaction. Overall, the proposed model predicted 54% of variance in life satisfaction. Implications for ILM undergraduate student wellbeing and retention are discussed.

Perceived Housing Conditions, Home Satisfaction, Control Beliefs over Aging Experience, and Life Satisfaction among Chinese Older Adults: A Path Analysis Study

Background Knowledge about the mechanisms of home satisfaction affecting life satisfaction among elderly during the aging process is limited. This study aims to investigate the mediating effect of perceived control over aging experience on the relationship between home satisfaction and life satisfaction. Methods The secondary data collected from face-to-face questionnaire interviews with a sample of 755 community-dwelling Chinese older adults were used. The path analysis was applied to examine the mediating effect of perceived control in the relationship between home satisfaction and life satisfaction after controlling for other covariates. The bootstrap approach was employed. Results Goodness-of-fit indices were obtained for the final model and the model explained 30% of the variance of life satisfaction. Perceived housing conditions include poor lighting (β = −0.32, p < 0.001), uneven thresholds/floors (β = −0.10, p = 0.007), and lack of emergency alarm (β = −0.14, p < 0.001) and were associated with lower home satisfaction. Home satisfaction was positively associated with life satisfaction (β = 0.23, p < 0.001), and control belief over aging experience was a significant mediator, explaining 11.5% between home satisfaction and life satisfaction. Such mediating effect was only significant among those aged 60 − 79 years old. Conclusion The mediation effect of perceived control over aging experience underscores the importance of accommodating housing needs among older adults.

Understanding short-term variability in life satisfaction: The Individual Differences in Evaluating Life Satisfaction (IDELS) model.

Daily life is full of emotional ups and downs. In contrast, the objective conditions of our lives usually remain relatively stable from day to day. The degree to which emotional ups and downs influence life satisfaction-which prima facie should be relatively stable-remains a puzzle. In the present article, we propose the Individual Differences in Evaluating Life Satisfaction (IDELS) model to address this puzzle. The IDELS model posits that people differ in the processes by which they evaluate their life satisfaction: Some people's life satisfaction is more strongly associated with their current emotions (i.e., "emotion globalizing") whereas other people maintain a filter between their life satisfaction and current emotions. These individual differences should have important implications for the degree of short-term variability in life satisfaction and, in turn, for psychological health. In 3 diverse samples of women (total N = 536), we assessed life satisfaction and emotions daily or multiple times per day for 2 weeks. We tested 4 hypotheses derived from the IDELS model. First, participants differed substantially in the degree of short-term variability in life satisfaction, and these individual differences were moderately stable. Second, participants differed substantially in emotion globalizing, and these individual differences were moderately stable. Third, higher emotion globalizing predicted greater short-term variability in life satisfaction. Fourth, greater short-term variability in life satisfaction was associated with a maladaptive profile of greater neuroticism and worse psychological health. We discuss implications for life satisfaction theory and measurement. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Relationship between aerobic fitness, blood pressure and life satisfaction

Background: ‪The aim of this work was to examine the extent to which cardiorespiratory fitness, blood pressure, and optimism/pessimism predict adults’ satisfaction with life. Material and methods: ‪Sixty-eight adults seeking cardiovascular health screening in a private clinic were tested. Participants’ blood pressure, optimism/pessimism, and satisfaction with life were recorded. The YMCA cycle ergometer test was used for estimating participants’ aerobic fitness (VO2 max). Based on 140/90 mm Hg blood pressure cut-off value, participants were classified into two groups. Results: ‪A bootstrapped hierarchical multivariate regression analysis revealed that VO2 max, systolic blood pressure, optimism, and pessimism jointly accounted for 46% of the variance (R2 = 0.501, R2 adjusted = 0.462) in life satisfaction. Furthermore, a bootstrapped multivariate analysis of covariance indicated that Stage 2 hypertensives reported lower life satisfaction (p = 0.007) than the others with lower blood pressure readings. Conclusions: ‪This study is the first to reveal that almost half of the total variance in life satisfaction is accounted by cardiorespiratory fitness, systolic blood pressure, optimism, and pessimism. The present work also shows that individuals in Stage 2 hypertension are less satisfied with their lives than individuals with lower blood pressure values. These preliminary findings should stimulate both epidemiological and longitudinal research in the area.

Sağlık Çalışanlarında İş Özerkliği ve İş Performansı Arasındaki İlişkide Örgütsel Sinizm ve Yaşam Tatmini Seri Çoklu Arabuluculuğu (Serial Multiple Mediation of Organizational Cynicism and Life Satisfaction in the Relationship Between Job Autonomy and Job Performance in Health Employee)

Purpose – The serial-multiple mediation of organizational cynicism and life satifaction in the impact of job autonomy on job performance. Design/methodology/approach – Research has been done towards employees of private hospital being active in Kirklareli province. Total 153 persons have participated in the research. SPSS 20.0 and Amos 20 package programs were used for data analysis. For testing hypotheses, it was tested with the IBM SPSS Process Macro application based on the bootstrap method. Findings – It is determined that job autonomy has a positive and meaningful effect on job performance and life satifaction. It is determined that job autonomy has a negative and meaningful effect on organizational cynicism. Model 1, in the research, It have been found as total effect value 0,270, direct effect value 0,233 and total indirect effect value 0,037. Besides, in the research, due to including zero value of bootstrap confidence intervals (-0,003-0,007), it is determined that job autonomy isn’t the serial-multiple mediation role of congnitive cynicism and life satisfaction in the impact of job performance. According to other result of research, Model 2, It have been found as total effect value 0,270, direct effect value 0,206 and total indirect effect value 0,064. In the research, due to including zero value of bootstrap confidence intervals (-0,004-0,012), it is determined that job autonomy isn’t the serial-multiple mediation role of c affective cynicism and life satisfaction in the impact of job performance. Discussion – In the research, it is determined to be relationships between job autonomy, job performance, organizational cynicism and life satisfaction variables. Previous studies in the literature is support this result. It is thought that job autonomy will have the serial-multiple mediation role of organizational cynicism and life satisfaction in the impact of job performance. However, in the results obtained, it has been tested that organizational cynicism and life satisfaction has no serial-multiple mediating effect.

Positive Predictors of Life Satisfaction for Autistic College Students and Their Neurotypical Peers.

Positive psychological traits are associated with higher life satisfaction, academic success, and fewer mental health problems in neurotypical (NT) college students. However, it is unclear whether this is similar for autistic students. This study explores college-specific positive traits, including academic satisfaction, self-efficacy, gratitude, and school connectedness, and their relationship with life satisfaction in autistic college students and their NT peers. Autistic (n = 42) and NT (n = 50) college students completed an online survey containing measures of autistic traits, college well-being, and life satisfaction. We explored differences in life satisfaction and college well-being between groups using analysis of variances and explored these relationships based on self-reported autistic traits across groups using correlations. We assessed whether a relationship between college-specific well-being and life satisfaction was moderated by autistic traits using linear regression. Results showed emerging differences in school connectedness such that autistic students were less likely to report feeling connected despite similar scores on other domains of college well-being and life satisfaction; correcting for multiple comparisons this difference was no longer significant. However, autistic traits were significantly related to life satisfaction and school connectedness across the full sample. Differences in school connectedness also explained a significant amount of variance in life satisfaction over and above the influence of autistic traits. The interaction between connectedness and autistic traits was not significant. Results suggests that students who experience higher levels of connection with their university and peers, regardless of the number of autistic traits they endorse, report higher satisfaction with life. Given the importance of social connectedness in college-specific and overall well-being, significant attention should be paid to the protective role of social support systems in addition to academic services when understanding how to support autistic individuals as well as individuals who do not meet diagnostic criteria, but share some similar clinical traits. What was the purpose of this study?: College well-being is related to life satisfaction in neurotypical (NT) college students. However, it is unclear whether this is similar for autistic college students. The purpose of this study was to understand how different aspects of college well-being support life satisfaction in autistic college students compared with their NT peers.What did the researchers do?: We invited both autistic and NT college students to complete an online survey. The survey asked about college well-being and life satisfaction. We looked at similarities and differences in responses between autistic and NT students. We also looked at whether college well-being was related to life satisfaction and whether that depended on the number of autistic traits that individuals selected to describe themselves.What were the results of the study?: We found that there were no group differences between autistic and NT college students in their overall college well-being or life satisfaction. However, there were differences in life satisfaction and one individual aspect of college well-being, school connectedness, based on autistic traits. Students with more autistic traits were less likely to report feeling connected to their university and peers and were less satisfied with life overall. We also found that school connectedness and the number of autistic traits, rather than diagnostic status, were related to life satisfaction. Students who feel more connected to their university and peers, regardless of the number of autistic traits they endorse, report higher satisfaction with life.What do these findings add to what was already known?: While there are many studies of life satisfaction in autistic individuals, most focus on the negative aspects. Our study is the first to look at positive factors, such as college well-being, in autistic students and their NT peers. This is important because both autistic and NT students struggle with academics, social isolation, and mental health in college. However, understanding the positive traits that can help counteract those challenges is important in supporting all students in college. Our findings show that both autistic traits and school connectedness are important, but separate, components for understanding life satisfaction in college students with and without autism.What are the potential weaknesses in the study?: This study only recruited autistic participants from disability resource centers of 4-year colleges, so students who were attending community colleges, private institutions, or who did not disclose their diagnosis to the disability resource centers were not included. As autistic students may be more likely to attend community or private colleges or may not disclose their diagnostic status, our results may not apply to other people. Our sample of students was also small, which limits our ability to find differences and have confidence in the results.How will these findings help autistic adults?: These findings show the importance of social integration for the well-being of neurodivergent and NT college students and support ongoing requests from autistic students for more nonacademic supports in college. Screening for college well-being and improving social integration are potential ways to increase life satisfaction for neurodivergent college students.

Life Satisfaction of International Students: Intercultural Sensitivity and Knowledge Sharing Attitude as Determinants

The growing multicultural environments of higher learning institutions have broadened the scope of cultural interactions among students of diverse cultural backgrounds. The current study attempted to investigate the influence of the intercultural sensitivity and knowledge sharing attitude on life satisfaction of international students in three private universities in Malaysia. The study adopted quantitative research methods, and the sample for the study were 300 international students in the undergraduate programme. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between predictors and life satisfaction. The final regression model revealed that 22.72% of the variance in life satisfaction of international students could be explained by the predictor variable intercultural sensitivity while knowledge sharing attitude did not contribute to the regression model. The study has brought new insights into understanding the life satisfaction of international students. The study concluded with relevant recommendations that are needed to be implemented to improve the intercultural sensitivity, knowledge sharing attitude and life satisfaction of international students.

Gender Difference in Longitudinal Social and Personal Factors Related to Frequency of Alcohol Consumption of South Korean Adults: A Fixed-Effects Model.

The purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal social and personal factors related to frequency of alcohol consumption by South Korean adults focused on comparisons between men and women. Data came from the 2005-2016 Korea Welfare Panel Study. A fixed-effects model was used to examine the longitudinal correlations between dependent and independent variables. According to the present results, first, life satisfaction except for health satisfaction and marital status were not associated with alcohol consumption patterns by men. On the other hand, higher frequency of alcohol consumption by women was negatively associated with various life satisfaction variables and being married. Second, income levels were positively associated with higher frequency of alcohol consumption by men, whereas income levels were not associated with alcohol consumption by women. Finally, being employed was positively associated with higher frequency of alcohol consumption by both men and women. In conclusion, there were gender differences in how alcohol consumption was influenced by various sociocultural and life satisfaction factors in South Korea.

Appraisals of disability and psychological adjustment in veterans with spinal cord injuries

Context/Objective: Following a spinal cord injury or disability (SCI/D), cognitive appraisals are a marker of psychological adjustment. The present study evaluated the clinical utility and discriminant validity of the Appraisals of DisAbility Primary and Secondary Scale – Short Form (ADAPSS-sf). The ADAPSS-sf was evaluated on 1. identification of individuals experiencing poor psychological adjustment and 2. prediction of life satisfaction beyond measures of emotional distress. Design: A retrospective study was completed using ROC analyses and odds ratios to identify the clinical utility of the ADAPSS-sf. In addition, blocked hierarchical regression explored the ADAPSS-sf predictive characteristics for satisfaction with life beyond measures of emotional distress. Setting: Veteran’s Health Administration SCI Center. Participants: Ninety outpatient veterans with SCI/Ds. Outcome Measures: Measures of psychological adjustment post-SCI/D included the PHQ-9, GAD-7, PC-PTSD, and the Diener Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The ADAPSS-sf was used as a measure of cognitive appraisals. Results: Results indicated the ADAPSS-sf is effective in identification of poor psychological adjustment, P < .001. Diagnostic odds ratios and ADAPSS-sf cut scores were selected to prioritize sensitivity (7.17, ≤ 11), specificity (68.25, ≥ 22), or a balance of the two (16.32, ≤ 19). Hierarchical regression indicated the ADAPSS-sf accounted for unique variance in life satisfaction beyond measures of emotional distress, (ΔR 2 = .20, β = −.66, t(89) = 6.54, P < .001). Conclusion: Results indicated SCI/D specific appraisals are predictive of concurrent poor psychological adjustment and provide insight into satisfaction with life beyond measures of emotional distress.

The Relationship between Weight Status, Health-Related Quality of Life, and Life Satisfaction in a Sample of Spanish Adolescents.

Excess weight has been associated with numerous psychosocial problems and is considered to be one of the most important health problems of today. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between weight status, which is evaluated by means of the body mass index (BMI), and the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and life satisfaction (LS) variables in Spanish adolescents, as well as to examine whether gender influences this interrelationship. A total of 1197 subjects studying in their 1st and 4th years of high school (mean age: 14.4 years, SD: 1.69) participated in the study by completing the Health Behavior in School-Aged Children (HBSC) questionnaire. Then, the participants were grouped into the following categories: underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese. The results show that boys have significantly higher HRQoL as well as higher levels of LS. On the other hand, only the obese group shows significantly lower scores in both HRQoL and LS than those in the normal-weight group. The interaction of weight category and gender does not have a significant impact on the variables that have been analyzed (HRQoL or LS).

Less Facebook use – More well-being and a healthier lifestyle? An experimental intervention study

Use of the social platform Facebook belongs to daily life, but may impair subjective well-being. The present experimental study investigated the potential beneficial impact of reduction of daily Facebook use. Participants were Facebook users from Germany. While the experimental group (N = 140; Mage(SDage) = 24.15 (5.06)) reduced its Facebook use for 20 min daily for two weeks, the control group (N = 146; Mage(SDage) = 25.39 (6.69)) used Facebook as usual. Variables of Facebook use, life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, physical activity and smoking behavior were assessed via online surveys at five measurement time points (pre-measurement, day 0 = T1; between-measurement, day 7 = T2; post-measurement, day 15 = T3; follow-up 1, one month after post-measurement = T4; follow-up 2, three months after post-measurement = T5). The intervention reduced active and passive Facebook use, Facebook use intensity, and the level of Facebook Addiction Disorder. Life satisfaction significantly increased, and depressive symptoms significantly decreased. Moreover, frequency of physical activity such as jogging or cycling significantly increased, and number of daily smoked cigarettes decreased. Effects remained stable during follow-up (three months). Thus, less time spent on Facebook leads to more well-being and a healthier lifestyle.

Personality Traits, Religious Faith, Life Satisfaction, and Perceived Stress of Personnel at Executive Positions

The study aimed at finding relationship among personality traits, religious faith, life satisfaction and perceived stress of personnel at executivepositions. Correlational study design was used. One hundred executives from different private sector organizations of Karachi, Pakistan were selected through purposive sampling technique. Big Five Personality Inventory (Rammstedt &amp; John, 2007), Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener et al., 1985), Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen et al., 1983), and Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire (Plante et al., 2002) were administered to measure the variables. Pearson product moment correlation and Hierarchical regression analysis indicated significant predictive relationship of personality traits with life satisfaction and perceived stress. Neuroticism was found to bethe only trait causing unique variance in life satisfaction and perceived stress. Further, religious faith significantly contributed an additional variance in life satisfaction and perceived stress however, no mediational role of religious faith was signified. The study findings are of great help to organizational and clinical psychologists in understanding problems of executives in organizational context of Pakistan.

The Molecular Genetics of Life Satisfaction: Extending Findings from a Recent Genome-Wide Association Study and Examining the Role of the Serotonin Transporter

In a recent genome-wide association study (GWAS), three polymorphisms (rs3756290, RAPGEF6; rs2075677, CSE1L; rs4958581, NMUR2) were suggested as potentially being related to subjective-well-being and life satisfaction. Additionally, associations between the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism (serotonin transporter) and subjective well-being have been reported in other previous studies. In the current study, we therefore sought to further investigate the findings of the GWAS and examine the association between 5-HTTLPR and subjective well-being. A total of 1174 participants (821 females) were recruited and asked to provide information on their demographics, life satisfaction, and positive affect. All participants provided a genetic sample. We found associations between one SNP derived from the GWAS (rs4958581, NMUR2) and life satisfaction. We also replicated findings involving 5-HTTLPR and life satisfaction, but only for the housing, leisure and family life satisfaction variables, and not for overall life satisfaction or positive affect. Our study underlines that research investigating complex traits in the field of behavioral genetics is challenging due to their (a) pleiotropic and (b) polygenic effects, resulting in tiny effect sizes of each marker investigated. The current study also highlights the importance of investigating genetic markers of distinct areas of life satisfaction.

Moderating Effect of Self-Esteem on the Relationship Between Optimism and Life Satisfaction in Final Year University Students

This study examined the moderating effect of self-esteem on the relationship between optimism and life satisfaction in final year university students. A correlational survey design was utilized. Two hundred and twenty-three university final year students of a Nigerian university consisting of 124 males and 99 females aged 24.67&amp;plusmn;2.56 participated in the study. Data were collected with a structured self-report questionnaire containing satisfaction with life scale (&amp;alpha; = .82), Rosenberg self-esteem scale (&amp;alpha; = .86), and life orientation test &amp;ndash; revised (&amp;alpha; = .79). Data were analyzed with SPSS v.23 at 0.05 significant level. Self-esteem significantly moderated the relationship between optimism and life satisfaction as indicated by a significant increase in proportion of the variance in life satisfaction when the interaction term between optimism and self-esteem was added to the regression model [&amp;Delta;R2 = .03, &amp;Delta;F (1, 219) = 7.26, p &amp;lt; .008, b = .188, t(220) = 2.69, p &amp;lt; .01]. It was concluded that the predictive impact of optimism on life satisfaction of university final year students is enhanced by their self-esteem; thus, students should be exposed to environment and program that promotes the development of high self-esteem and optimistic life orientation to enhance their well-being.

The Role of Body Shame in Sexual, Relationship, and Life Satisfaction in Women

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to measure how body shame, sexual satisfaction, and relationship satisfaction predicted life satisfaction for female participants who have been in committed relationships for at least a year and who have engaged in sexual activity with their partners (N = 138). Researchers examined data to determine how body shame may interact with: (a) sexual satisfaction, (b) relationship satisfaction, and (c) life satisfaction. Results indicate that body shame and relationship satisfaction account for the greatest amount of variance in life satisfaction for the respondents.