Diverse Resources Research Articles

Advancing radiology education for medical students: leveraging digital tools and resources.

This study evaluates diverse educational resources to address the gaps in diagnostic radiology education for medical students, aiming to identify tools that enhance theoretical knowledge and practical diagnostic skills. Employing a multi-faceted review, we analyzed digital platforms, academic databases, and social media for resources beneficial to medical students in radiology, assessing their accessibility, content quality, and educational value. Our investigation uncovered a broad spectrum of resources, from foundational platforms to advanced simulation tools, varying in their approach to teaching radiology. Traditional resources provide essential theoretical knowledge, while digital tools, including interactive case studies and multimedia content, offer immersive learning experiences. Notably, resources integrating machine learning and social media facilitate dynamic, peer-to-peer learning and up-to-date case discussions. Despite the minimal current focus on VR, its role in enhancing interactive learning is notable. The diversity in educational tools highlights the evolving nature of radiology education, reflecting a shift towards more engaging and practical learning methodologies. Identifying and integrating a variety of educational resources into radiology education can significantly enhance learning outcomes for medical students, preparing them for the complexities of modern diagnostic radiology with a well-rounded educational approach.

The Effects of Identity Politics on Security in Baringo County, Kenya

Identity politics have been found to create divisions in societies with multiple ethnic communities due to varied cultural and ethnic dynamics leading to insecurity. Baringo County, situated in Kenya's North Rift Valley region, h hosts different ethnic communities and has historically grappled with protracted conflicts. However, there has been limited research exploring the effects of identity politics and the county's security landscape. This study sought to investigate the effect of identity politics on security in Baringo County. This study employed a descriptive survey design utilizing a mixed methods approach for data collection. The target population was comprised residents of Baringo County who had resided there for at least ten years. The findings from the two sets of tools were triangulated to obtain a thick description on the relationship between cultural dynamic and security. This study found that, identity politics had negative effects on security in Baringo County, Kenya manifested four pathways which were: fragmentation and polarization of communities, conflict and violence between communities, radicalization and extremism community members and diversion of resources from the localities. The findings demonstrated that these aspects mutually reinforced each other creating an environment of hostilities that led to violent conflicts. Therefore, rather than unite to fight challenges faced in development, identity politics created fissures whose end result is insecurity thus denying residents peace. To enhance peaceful coexistence there is need to address the underlying issues that that encouraged ethnic diversionary politics and instead embrace inclusivity to enhance unity in the region.

Bridging Theory and Practice : An Integrated Approach to Blockchain and Data Analytics Education

This article presents a comprehensive framework for building a strong foundation in blockchain technology and data analytics, two rapidly evolving fields that are increasingly intertwined in today's digital landscape. We propose a structured approach that combines theoretical knowledge acquisition with practical skill development, designed to equip aspiring professionals with the necessary tools to succeed in this dynamic sector. The framework encompasses key areas such as blockchain fundamentals, smart contracts, cryptography, data analysis techniques, and advanced machine learning concepts including neural networks, deep learning, and artificial intelligence. We emphasize the importance of leveraging diverse educational resources while highlighting the critical role of hands-on projects in reinforcing learning outcomes. By detailing strategies for developing blockchain applications and conducting advanced data analytics, this article bridges the gap between academic understanding and practical application. We explore real-world use cases demonstrating the synergy between blockchain and AI in areas such as financial crime prevention, supply chain management, and healthcare. Our findings suggest that this integrated approach not only enhances technical proficiency but also cultivates the problem-solving and analytical skills essential for advancing towards professional roles in blockchain and data analytics. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on technology education and provides a roadmap for individuals seeking to establish a robust foundation in these interconnected fields.

Training and Resources Related to the Administration of Sedation by Nurses During Digestive Endoscopy: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The healthcare professional who performs sedation for digestive endoscopy procedures is usually the nurse. Therefore, knowledge and training on the part of the nurse is an important factor for the correct sedation of the patient and may affect, among other factors, the quality of health care and the recovery and well-being of the patient. To determine the training opportunities and resources available to the specialists involved in digestive endoscopy services in hospitals in Spain in which sedation is performed by the nursing staff. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study performed in the Digestive Endoscopy Service at Toledo University Hospital and nearby hospitals in central Spain. The sample consisted of 75 nurses who administer sedation in digestive endoscopic procedures. Regarding the training of nurses, the vast majority were generalist nurses, and only a small percentage obtained specialized training through ongoing training. Most had been working in the service for more than two years, and very few had previous experience in sedation, although the vast majority currently applied sedation. Life support training was also critical. There were significant differences in the availability of resources between different hospitals. The training of nurses who perform sedation in digestive endoscopy services could be improved since there is a high proportion of personnel without specific training in sedation before starting to work in the service. It is crucial to implement targeted and ongoing training programs to improve competencies in this area, as they are essential to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the procedure. Given the variability in resources and personnel training that exists between different hospitals, it seems important to establish standards at the institutional level.

Comprehensive PRISMA Based Systematic Review: Exploring the Phytochemistry, Pharmacological Profile and Clinical aspects of Panax ginseng.

Ginseng, a perennial herb belonging to the Araliaceae family, is renowned for its traditional and folk uses. The Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer species is predominantly found in Asian countries, including Japan, China, and Korea. This manuscript offers valuable insights into the cultivation, collection, morphology, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties, and clinical studies of Ginseng. The data was meticulously gathered from diverse electronic resources, such as PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science, spanning from 1963 to 2023. Ginseng contains various bioactive components, including carbohydrates, polyacetylenic alcohols, polysaccharides, ginsenosides, peptides, vitamins, and fatty acids. The biological attributes of ginsenosides, which include anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities, render them especially remarkable. This manuscript comprehensively explores the versatile therapeutic applications of ginseng in the treatment of various types of cancers.

Chromosomal Localization and Diversity Analysis of 5S and 18S Ribosomal DNA in 13 Species from the Genus Ipomoea

Background: Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.), a key global root crop, faces challenges due to its narrow genetic background. This issue can be addressed by utilizing the diverse genetic resources of sweet potato’s wild relatives, which are invaluable for its genetic improvement. Methods: The morphological differences in leaves, stems, and roots among 13 Ipomoea species were observed and compared. Chromosome numbers were determined by examining metaphase cells from root tips. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to identify the number of 5S and 18S rDNA sites in these species. PCR amplification was performed for both 5S and 18S rDNA, and phylogenetic relationships among the species were analyzed based on the sequences of 18S rDNA. Results: Three species were found to have enlarged roots among the 13 Ipomoea species. Chromosome analysis revealed that I. batatas had 90 chromosomes, Ipomoea pes-tigridis had 28 chromosomes, while the remaining species possessed 30 chromosomes. Detection of rDNA sites in the 13 species showed two distinct 5S rDNA site patterns and six 18S rDNA site patterns in the 12 diploid species. These rDNA sites occurred in pairs, except for the seven 18S rDNA sites observed in Ipomoea digitata. PCR amplification of 5S rDNA identified four distinct patterns, while 18S rDNA showed only a single pattern across the species. Phylogenetic analysis divided the 13 species into two primary clades, with the closest relationships found between I. batatas and Ipomoea trifida, as well as between Ipomoea platensis and I. digitata. Conclusions: These results enhance our understanding of the diversity among Ipomoea species and provide valuable insights for breeders using these species to generate improved varieties.

Leadership Strategies for Managing Human and Technological Diversity in the Industrial 5.0 Era: A Systematic Review

The problem formulation that arises from this research is how the efforts made by leaders in the industrial era 5.0 overcome problems related to the process of managing HR diversity and technological changes in increasing business innovation in order to increase business productivity and business sustainability, so that they can survive the changes that exist. This research focuses on discussing the efforts of leaders to overcome the problems of the process of managing HR diversity and technological changes in the 5.0 era in order to increase business innovation to increase business productivity and business sustainability. The results of the data analysis used used descriptive qualitative analysis using literature studies through systematic literature review. The research method uses a quantitative descriptive method of data analysis using the structural equation model (SEM) method, where the results of data processing with the SEM method are carried out with the PLS application. From the results of the study, it is concluded that the 5.0 leadership efforts in overcoming the management of HR diversity in increasing business innovation, namely building an inclusive culture, recognizing and appreciating diverse contributions, empowering employees, building intercultural skills, supporting inclusive research and development, using technology that supports engagement and collaboration and diversity-oriented monitoring and evaluation. The results concluded that the 5.0 leadership efforts in overcoming technology management in increasing business innovation, namely a deep understanding of technology, creating an environment that supports technological innovation, focusing on employee engagement and skills, partnering with technology experts, using technology for collaboration and communication, encouraging a culture of experimentation and learning, continuous review of processes and practices and recognition and reward for innovative contributions. Along with managing the diversity of human resources and technology in increasing business innovation, it can create more creativity and make leaders have to follow the direction and be able to adapt to changes so that the company can improve its performance and can continue to run its business optimally and be able to meet consumer needs properly.

Exploring Intellectual Freedom and Collection Development Policies in School Libraries: Perspectives from US and Kenya.

Information is one of the essentials for decision making and intellectual development, thus it is difficult for democratic societies to exist without access to diverse information (Knox, 2011). Within school libraries, access to information resources should be enhanced through the selection, evaluation, and acquisition of diverse resources in different formats to cater to the different needs of students, support the curriculum and promote their intellectual freedom. The fight for intellectual freedom in schools is not a recent development and the number of challenges and book bans is escalating and anticipated to continue rising in the years ahead (ALA,2022). While issues regarding intellectual freedom and censorship are global affairs, much is known about the US, but this study also focuses on Kenya, two countries with varying approaches on different issues thus addressing a significant research gap on intellectual freedom beyond the US. Employing a mixed methods approach, the study involves semi structured interviews among school librarians (10 from the US and 10 from Kenya) and an analysis of the school’s collection development policies. A qualitative thematic analysis of the data is being carried out to identify school librarians’ perspectives on censorship and advocacy for intellectual freedom through policies. The study aims at creating an awareness of the social reality regarding intellectual freedom between the two contexts. School librarians, administrators and policy makers will be able to restructure existing policies to enhance intellectual freedom for students.

Analysis of phylogenetic relationships in Macadamia shows evidence of extensive reticulate evolution.

The genus Macadamia in the Proteaceae family includes four species native to Australia. Two of the four species, M. integrifolia and M. tetraphylla, have recently been utilized to generate domesticated macadamia varieties, grown for their edible nuts. To explore diversity in macadamia genetic resources, a total of 166 wild genotypes, representing all four species, were sequenced. The four species were clearly distinguished as four separate clades in a phylogenetic analysis of the nuclear genome (based upon concatenated nuclear gene CDS and SNPs). The two larger species (M. integrifolia and M. tetraphylla) formed a clade, that had diverged from a clade including the smaller species (M. ternifolia and M. jansenii). The greatest diversity in nuclear and chloroplast genomes was found in the more widely distributed M. integrifolia while the rare M. jansenii showed little diversity. The chloroplast phylogeny revealed a much more complex evolutionary history. Multiple chloroplast capture events have resulted in chloroplast genome clades, including genotypes from different species. This suggests extensive reticulate evolution in Macadamia despite the emergence of the four distinct species that are supported by the analysis of their nuclear genomes. The chloroplast genomes showed strong associations with geographical distribution reflecting limited maternal gene movement in these species that have large seeds. The nuclear genomes showed lesser geographical differences, probably reflecting the longer distance pollen movement. This improved understanding of the distribution of diversity in Macadamia will aid in the conservation of these rare species now found in highly fragmented rainforest remnants.

The Improvement in English Listening Comprehension Competence of the Tenth-Grade Students Through using Podcasts: A Case Study

The growing development of the internet brings many opportunities to both English teachers and learners since they can access diverse resources, among which podcasts are considered one of the valuable tools for those who want to master English language skills, especially listening. This study aims to investigate the use of podcasts as a medium to enhance the tenth graders’ listening comprehension competence. Involving 80 tenth graders at an upper secondary school in Dak Lak province, Vietnam, who were divided into a control group and an experimental group, the study mainly employed a combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches to measure the improvement in students’ listening competence. The tools used for collecting the data were questionnaires, interviews, the pre-test, and the post-test. With the help of the statistical software SPSS version 20.0, a paired sample t-test was conducted to assess the statistical significance of the findings, and the descriptive statistics, including sum, mean, and percentage of each variable, were also found and analyzed. The results indicated that students were eager to use podcasts as a listening tool, thanks to their familiarity and accessibility. Despite some challenges during practice, podcasts effectively helped improve the learners’ listening skills. Specifically, the students overcame the common difficulties that hinder their English listening comprehension, such as limited vocabulary, unfamiliar grammar, poor comprehensive listening ability, and pronunciation challenges. To conclude, it is recommended that students be consistent with podcast practice, and teachers should give enough instructions so that the best results can be achieved.

Missing the biodiversity for the bee: Natural land management strategies impact functional invertebrate diversity in commercial cranberry production

Abstract Simplification of agricultural environments is linked to declines in biodiversity. Improving the floral diversity within and around these areas may result in more robust and diverse ecosystems. We investigated how floral resource abundance, diversity, and species composition in a cranberry agricultural system correlated to the abundance and overall invertebrate diversity and to the abundance and diversity of specific invertebrate groups of agricultural importance (e.g. parasitoids, phytophagous taxa, pollinators and predators). This study focused on habitats immediately surrounding cranberry production and included grassy dikes under a managed system (‘dike’), and semi‐natural areas growing on the surrounding support land (‘semi‐natural’). Floral resource availability and diversity tended to be similar between habitats, while invertebrate richness, diversity and composition differed. As the availability of floral resources increased, invertebrate abundance increased but diversity decreased. Overall invertebrate community composition differed with the specific species and availability of floral resources. The habitat type and floral resource composition impacted some agriculturally important groups, as pollinator abundance was higher in the semi‐natural habitat, and parasitoid abundance varied with floral resource composition across both habitats. These results suggest that managing the structural and floral resource diversity associated with agroecosystems can help support local biodiversity. However, these systems may disproportionately benefit more common taxonomic groups. The difference in responses of individual taxonomic groups also highlights the potential tradeoffs of focusing on only a subset of biodiversity aspects.

Simple Sequence Repeat Marker-Based Genetic Diversity and Chemical Composition Analysis of Ancient Camellia sinensis in Jiulong County, Sichuan Province, China.

The ancient tea plant germplasm resources are rich in genetic diversity and provide an important basis for the genetic diversity in tea germplasm resources. To explore the genetic diversity of ancient tea plant germplasm resources in Jiulong County, Sichuan Province. 59 ancient tea tree germplasm resources were analyzed using simple sequence repeat (SSR) molecular markers and chemical composition analysis. The results showed that a total of 83 alleles were amplified by 23 pairs of SSR primers, with an average observed allele number (Na) of 3.6 and an effective allele number (Ne) of 2.335. The average Shannon information index (I) and the polymorphic information content (PIC) of the primers were 0.896 and 0.446, respectively. The results of the UPGMA cluster analysis showed that 59 ancient tea tree samples could be classified into five different subgroups. Based on the results of chemical composition analysis, two specific tea germplasm resources with high amino acid content, 10 excellent germplasm resources with tea polyphenol content over 20% and some other tea germplasm resources were identified. This study reveals that Jiulong's ancient tea tree germplasm exhibits significant genetic diversity and includes valuable tea tree planting resources. These findings provide a foundational framework for the conservation, detailed exploration and sustainable utilization of these resources.

DAMPAK PODCAST SEBAGAI MEDIA KOMUNIKASI BARU TERHADAP GAYA BELAJAR MAHASISWA INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI DAN BISNIS TRENGGALEK

information and introducing new ways of learning. Its presence has brought new flexibility to education, allowing students to study while doing other activities. However, the impact on student learning styles still needs to be understood more deeply, especially in academic environments such as the Trenggalek Institute of Technology and Business. Student learning styles, which are individual preferences for processing information, can be influenced by the use of technology such as podcasts. Therefore, this research aims to investigate how the use of podcasts influences the learning styles of students at Trenggalek Institute of Technology and Business. The literature review shows that podcasts, as an audiovisual medium, can cater to a variety of learning styles. However, student responses to the use of podcasts in learning contexts still need further research. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach and literature review methods to collect and analyze data. Results show that podcasts provide flexibility in time and place, access to diverse resources, and support auditory learning styles. However, some negative aspects such as lack of visual support and potential distractions also need to be considered

Linguistic identity play in zones of interculturality

Ladino, the heritage language for many Sephardic Jews in Bulgaria and beyond, is often discussed in terms of language endangerment and of cultural loss for this community and humanity more widely. However, for intercultural communication specialists, especially those with a linguistic focus, the Ladino experiences of Sephardic Jews in Bulgaria, as set against the backdrop of their changing political and social realities, provide rich insights regarding the linguistic complexities of identity. Through the Ladino-framed narratives of (often elderly) members of this community, I have learned how they drew, and continue to draw, upon their diverse linguistic and cultural resources to define themselves, to articulate their various identities, and to communicate within and beyond Bulgarian society. In order to connect these insights to current discussions of interculturality, and as informed by intercultural thinking, I present the following five-zone framework: (1) the (intra-)personal, that is a zone of internal dialogue; (2) the domestic, that is a zone for the family; (3) the local, that is a zone for the Sephardic community in Bulgaria; (4) the diasporic, that is a zone for the wider Sephardic Jewish community; and (5) the international, that is the international community of Spanish-speakers. Further, the project presented here is methodologically innovative involving several languages, i.e. it was researched multilingually as well as focused on multilingual communities. /Keywords: workshop, education, interculturality, linguistic identity play

경합에서 보조수단과 상호의존적 선호

In a contest, participants invest resources to compete for rewards. During this process, each participant may be concerned not only with their own payoffs but also with the payoffs of their competitors. In other words, in a contested situation, each participants can exhibit interdependent preferences. Existing literature has primarily focused on how interdependent preferences change based on resource allocation. First, this study summarizes the relationship between resource allocation and changes in interdependent preferences as derived from the existing literature. A common assumption in the literature is that the resources required for contests are unique, and that the contest is conducted solely through the allocation of these resources. This study examines whether the input of resources necessary for contests can take various forms and whether the allocation of these diverse resources, using alternative instruments, can lead to changes in interdependent preferences. The study demonstrates that, even when considering various resource allocations, participants' pure self-interest remains unchanged.

Genetic diversity and structure of Tunisian and Indian date palm (Phoenix dactylifera and sylvestris) cultivars and genotypes revealed by AFLP markers

The date palm breeding programs need to discover valid genetic fingerprints to characterize cultivars and assess their genetic diversity. This study assessed the genetic diversity among thirty-nine date palm cultivars from Tunisia (Phoenix dactylifera) and India (Phoenix sylvestris) by using six AFLP (Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism) markers. 360 loci were amplified, with 127 loci polymorphic (34.35 %). The Jaccard's similarity coefficient ranged from 0.161 to 0.931, with the mean genetic distances of 0.568. AFLP's average marker index value was 7.28, with a resolving power of 10.91. The analysis of population structure showed two main clusters with a clear separation between Tunisian and Indian cultivars.Furthermore, the heatmap analysis allowed the identification of 10 bands specific to the Indian accessions, which were not detected in Tunisian genotypes. These loci could be linked to genes involved in adapting the species in Indian lands, which allowed the study of the genetic diversity of date palm resources of different origins, confirming the existence of at least two origins of domestication. Additionally, identifying AFLP loci specific to P. dactylifera and P. sylvestris will significantly contribute to breeding programs by exploiting species-specific polymorphisms.

Plant community richness and foliar fungicides impact soil Streptomyces inhibition, resistance, and resource use phenotypes.

Plants serve as critical links between above- and below-ground microbial communitites, both influencing and being influenced by microbes in these two realms. Below-ground microbial communities are expected to respond to soil resource environments, which are mediated by the roots of plants that can, in turn, be influenced by the above-ground community of foliar endophytes. For instance, diverse plant communities deposit more, and more diverse, nutrients into the soil, and this deposition is often increased when foliar pathogens are removed. Differences in soil resources can alter soil microbial composition and phenotypes, including inhibitory capacity, resource use, and antibiotic resistance. In this work, we consider plots differing in plant richness and application of foliar fungicide, evaluating consequences on soil resource levels and root-associated Streptomyces phenotypes. Soil carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and organic matter were greater in samples from polyculture than monoculture, yet this increase was surprisingly offset when foliar fungal communities were disrupted. We find that Streptomyces phenotypes varied more between richness plots-with the Streptomyces from polyculture showing lower inhibitory capacity, altered resource-use profiles, and greater antibiotic resistance-than between subplots with/without foliar fungicide. Where foliar fungicide affected phenotypes, it did so differently in polyculture than in monoculture, for instance decreasing niche width and overlap in monoculture while increasing them in polyculture. No differences in phenotype were correlated with soil nutrient levels, suggesting the need for further research looking more closely at soil resource diversity and particular compounds that were found to differ between treatments.

Microbial Community Structure in the Taklimakan Desert: The Importance of Nutrient Levels in Medium and Culture Methods.

Although the Taklimakan Desert lacks the necessary nutrients and conditions to support an extensive ecosystem, it is a treasure trove of extremophile resources with special structures and functions. We analyzed the bacterial communities using oligotrophic medium and velvet cloth replicate combined with an extended culture duration. We isolated numerous uncultured microorganisms and rare microorganisms belonging to genera not often isolated or recently described, such as Aliihoeflea, Halodurantibacterium, and Indioceanicola. A total of 669 strains were isolated from the soil of the Taklimakan Desert, which were classified into 5 phyla, 7 classes, 25 orders, 42 families, 83 genera, and 379 species. Among them, 148 strains were potential new species. Our data show that even when working with samples from extreme environments, simple approaches are still useful for cultivating stubborn microbes. Through comparing the isolation effects of different nutrient levels on microbial diversity and abundance, the results show that reducing the nutrient level of the medium was more conducive to improving the culturability of microorganisms in low-nutrient environments, while the high-nutrient medium was more suitable for the isolation of dominant fast-growing strains. This study helps to better reflect the diversity of microbial resources and lays a foundation for the further research and utilization of soil microbial resources in the Taklimakan Desert.

Pediatric wrist fractures: variations in management across countries. An evidence-based summary of evidence.

Fractures of the distal radius are common in pediatric population, with considerable variation in the management of pediatric wrist fractures across different countries. It is crucial to consider the different approaches to conservative management and surgical intervention. The decision on the appropriate treatment method often depends on the type and severity of the fracture, as well as the available healthcare resources and expertise in each country. This article tries to identify these variations, so the various healthcare systems can work toward implementing best practices in the management of pediatric wrist fractures on a global scale. Published peer-reviewed articles identified in electronic databases, including PubMed Scopus and Google Scholar. The management of pediatric wrist fractures can differ significantly among countries given the high variability in healthcare resources and cultural practices. The management of pediatric wrist fractures can be challenging in certain countries, especially in developing regions with limited resources. Challenges such as long therapeutic delays, lack of appropriate anesthesia, and the absence of fluoroscopy can complicate the treatment process. Randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) are vital in providing high-quality evidence to guide clinical decision-making, especially in the field of pediatric wrist fractures. Efforts to support and prioritize the conduct and dissemination of RCTs in pediatric wrist fracture management can ultimately lead to more consistent, effective, and evidence-based care for children with wrist fractures worldwide.

Arid, mosaic environments during the Plio-Pleistocene transition and early hominin dispersals in northern Africa

The earliest archaeological evidence from northern Africa dates to ca. 2.44 Ma. Nevertheless, the palaeoenvironmental setting of hominins living in this part of the continent at the Plio-Pleistocene transition remains poorly documented, particularly in comparison to eastern and southern Africa. The Guefaït-4 fossil site in eastern Morocco sheds light on our knowledge of palaeoenvironments in northern Africa. Our study reveals the oldest known presence of C4 plants in the northern part of the continent in a mosaic landscape that includes open grasslands, forested areas, wetlands, and seasonal aridity. This diverse landscape and resource availability likely facilitated the occupation of the region by mammals, including potentially hominins. Our regional-scale study provides a complementary perspective to global-scale studies and highlights the importance of considering the diversity of microhabitats within a given region when studying species-dispersal dynamics.