Vapor Bath Research Articles

『ヒポクラテス全集』における尿に関する記述について

I studied mentions of urine in the Hippocratic Collection. I collected mentions of urine in the Hippocratic Collection (Roeb, Otsuki and Kon editions) to compare descriptions between the Kos and Knidos schools. Urine was mentioned in 396 passages. Descriptions by Kos, Knidos, and unspecified schools accounted for 355 (90%), 24 (6%), and 17 (4%), respectively. Of the 396, 386 (98%) referred to urinary findings, 9 (2%) to significance of urine in diagnosis, 3 to treatment according to urinary findings, and 4 to vapor baths with urine used by the Knidos school. Findings in urine were mentioned in 39 categories in total as thick or thin, clear or turbid, "concocted" or "unconcocted", watery, colorless or "good colored", bloody, clotted, purulent, and others. Colors of urine were mentioned in 27. Black ([symbol: see text]) and white ([symbol: see text]) were observed frequently, followed by red ([symbol: see text]) and yellow or yellowish ([symbol: see text]), and others. Urinary sediment was mentioned in 30 as smooth, uniform, cloudy, branny, or others. White urine tended to be thick, and black urine to be thin. Urine was "good" when white ([symbol: see text]) or yellow ([symbol: see text]), and the sediment was white, smooth and uniform: it was "bad" when black and thin, fetid, watery, or with branny. Urinary findings were mentioned in the Hippocratic Collection, most frequently by the Kos school, and findings varied. Color descriptions by Hippocrates differed from those in present-day Japanese. White ([symbol: see text]) urine may be pale yellow, since ([symbol: see text]) actually means neither white nor colorless, but pale-yellow as white ([symbol: see text]) port-wine. Thick white ([symbol: see text]) and thick yellow ([symbol: see text]) urine may represent yellow and yellow-brown concentrated urine of healthy persons. Black ([symbol: see text]) urine may indicate gross hematuria, as red ([symbol: see text]) port-wine and thin blackish ([symbol: see text]) urine may indicate hematuria together with dilute urine, presumably as in renal failure.

FOR HEALTH AND PLEASURE: THE TURKISH BATH IN VICTORIAN IRELAND

... GET A BATH round the corner. Hammam. Turkish. Massage. Dirt gets rolled up in your navel. Nicer if a girl did it. Also I think I. Yes I. Do it in the bath. Curious longing I. Water to water. Combine business with pleasure (Joyce 86). Here, Leopold Bloom, the central character in James Joyce's Ulysses, describes an imagined bathing experience. The mosque of to which Bloom refers was in Lincoln Place in Dublin's city center,1 one of a series of such vapor baths established across Europe in the nineteenth century. It was one of the first to be established by the inventor of an improved version of the Turkish bath, Dr. Richard Barter, and had been opened over sixty years before Joyce wrote his novel. Unfortunately, the minarets and onion domes of the baths in Bloom's city have long since disappeared, as have their counterparts in Bray, Co. Wicklow and St. Ann's Hill in Blarney, Co. Cork. During their existence, they became part of the leisure world of Victorian Ireland, one of the attractions offered to the growing numbers of middle-class tourists visiting from both within Ireland and England. Bloom describes a highly sensual experience, conjuring up an image of erotic encounters in the midst of gray city streets. Indeed, within this novel the Turkish bath seems to function as a metaphorical place apart from Joyce's depiction of Dublin as a place of cultural paralysis, a site where his character can seek out consolation in an inner world of fantasy (Kiberd 270). Yet, it is difficult to reconcile such an image with the restrictive norms we associate with middle-class Victorian society for whom these baths were first established. This article sets out to discover what exactly a Turkish bath, both as an activity and a material object, meant to its producers and consumers. Furthermore, it asks what the study of this cultural form can tell us about Victorian Ireland. Identity and authenticity are persistent themes in the discussion of Irish culture. The

An outbreak of pneumonia and meningitis caused by a previously undescribed Gram-negative bacterium in a hot spring spa

An outbreak of infection caused by a previously undescribed Gram-negative bacterium affected people attending a hot (37 degrees C) spring spa in France in 1987. Thirty-five case of pneumonia and two cases of meningitis occurred. None of these patients died. Attack rates were significantly higher for patients above 70 years old and for male patients. An epidemiological comparison of the 26 hospitalized cases with 52 matched controls suggests that spa treatment early on the first day (OR = 4.8) and attendance at the vapour baths (OR = 10.7) were significant risk factors for acquiring the infection. Person-to-person spread was not thought to have occurred. The same bacterium was isolated from the hot spring water. All strains studied shows a single rRNA gene restriction pattern. Epidemiological data indicated that the thermal water was the source of infection. This outbreak stresses the need for increased surveillance of infections in people attending hot spring spas.

Determinação polarografica do zinco em plantas, após a sua separação em resina trocadora de íons

O presente trabalho relata os dados obtidos na determinaçao do zinco em plantas segundo uma nova técnica. Esta nova técnica consistiu em se aliar a separação do zinco de outros interferentes, através do emprego de uma coluna de resina trocadora de anions, ao método polarografico da dosagem do citado elemento. A amostra de planta (1, 000g) foi incinerada em copo de Pyrex a 450-5009C durante 90 minutos e o zinco foi extraido da cinza com solução de HC1 2N. A separação do zinco de outros elementos interferentes foi feita pela passagem da solução através da resina trocadora de anions, Amberlite, IRA-401. Após a eluiçao do zinco da coluna, a solução obtida foi levada ao polarografo registrador. (Sargent, modelo XXI) para a determinação, Trabalhando-se com um conjunto de 10 (dez) a 12 (doze) colunas de resina, pode-se executar 10 (dez) a 12 (doze) determinações num periodo de 6 (seis) horas.

Capillary Viscometer for High-Temperature Measurements of Polymer Solutions

An all-glass capillary viscometer is described which permits dissolving polymers at high temperatures, filtering, and measuring the solvent and solution efflux flow times without removal from a vapor bath. The advantages include safe handling of liquids at high temperatures without the precipitation or oxidative-degradation difficulties normally encountered in other methods of measuring polymer solution viscosities at elevated temperatures.

Notes on the Vapour Bath and its Variants

THE purpose of this paper is to give a brief survey of the vapour bath' and its variants as they occur among peoples of widely diverse cultures throughout the world. The vapour bath can be regarded as a specialised form of heat treatment, which is used therapeutically for a number of ailments, ceremonially mainly for the purposes of purification, and hygienically for cleansing the body. Although there is considerable variation in the apparatus used to produce and conserve the necessary heat, yet at the same time there is often great similarity in detail in the type of vapour bath found in tribes widely separated from each other geographically.2 The main emphasis will be on the use of the vapour bath as a therapeutic agent. As the material is confined mainly to peoples of the lower cultures no mention will be made of Roman and Turkish baths, which can possibly be regarded as highly elaborated forms of the vapour bath and its variants.3

Vapor Bath Apparatus: Invented by Dr. Louis H. Lefebvre

Vapor Bath Apparatus: Invented by Dr. Louis H. Lefebvre

THE PHYSIOLOGIC EFFECT OF MASSAGE

In connection with a study of arthritis and rheumatoid conditions, analysis has been attempted of some of the measures known to benefit them. Conspicuous among these measures are exercise, the application of external heat and massage. The use of massage and hydrotherapy dates from ancient times. The practice of each, however, has been mostly in the hands of persons untrained in medicine and not infrequently deficient in general education. Probably for this reason, in part, massage and hydrotherapy have received but little critical analysis as to the physiologic effects they produce, although their application to a host of disorders establishes them as among the most important and fundamental measures at our command. The wide use of external heat in the form of bakes, hydrotherapy, mud baths, vapor baths and the like in the arthritic or rheumatoid syndrome leaves no room for doubt as to their beneficial influence. In a series

Societies and Academies

Societies and Academies

A HISTOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE SWEAT-GLANDS IN CASES OF CHRONIC NEPHRITIS

<h3>GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS</h3> The belief that impurities might be removed from the body by means of sweating dates from ancient times. Civilized nations have shared this belief with savages. The use in all parts of the world of natural thermal baths, hot-air baths, vapor baths and wet packs testifies to a universal faith in the skin as an organ of elimination. The standard text-books on the practice of medicine, under the heading of the treatment of nephritis or uremia, recommend baths or other means of securing free perspiration. They usually imply, if they do not specifically state, that the work of the kidneys may be lightened through the excretion of solids by the sweatglands. Some, like Von Noorden, doubt that the sweat-glands excrete a sufficient amount of solids to be of value, although agreeing that the removal of water may be beneficial. Analyses of perspiration from healthy persons show that

THE VALUE OF HYDROTHERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF EPILEPSY.

The position of hydrotherapy in the treatment of epilepsy may be considered as a means of cure; an auxiliary method of treatment; a method making it possible to administer considerably larger doses of bromids than usual; a method rendering it possible to reduce the dose of bromid to a minimum; and, finally, as an excellent hygienic measure favoring the action of the skin and improving the general tone. As a cure per se hydrotherapy is probably like all other medicines—it has been tried and found wanting. Notwithstanding the fact that the means employed consist of water, cold, warm or hot, in tubs, douches, sprays, vapor baths, hot air baths and compresses, a method permitting the widest variations in the form of treatment, it probably has rarely, if ever, cured, in and of itself, a case of genuine epilepsy. Cases have been reported cured, as is so frequently done after surgical

The Maintenance of Solar Energy

THE author of this short essay is not satisfied with the current ideas as to the maintenance of solar energy, but believes his new views tend to remove much of the difficulty. So far as can be judged by these “preliminary notes,” however, the theory advanced is one which is not likely to convince any one but its author. Interplanetary water vapour and the periodical indulgence of the sun in cometary vapour baths appear to play an important part, the idea being that as a result of their action the radiant forces of the sun are confined within the limits of the solar system. The recurring absorption of the planets by the sun and subsequent disruption into new systems are other features of a theory which has its principal strength in the fact that there are no means of testing its chief teachings. The author's name does not appear on the title-page, but the preface is signed by J. H. Brown.

Bibliographical Notices The Treatment of Syphilitic Diseases by the Mercurial Vapor Bath . By Langston Parker, P.R.C.S.L. Compiled from the fifth London Edition by John W. Foye, M.D. Boston: A. Williams &amp; Co. 1874.

Bibliographical Notices The Treatment of Syphilitic Diseases by the Mercurial Vapor Bath . By Langston Parker, P.R.C.S.L. Compiled from the fifth London Edition by John W. Foye, M.D. Boston: A. Williams &amp; Co. 1874.

Bibliographical Notices Water, as a Preservative of Health, and a Remedy in Disease — A Treatise on Baths: including Cold, Sea, Warm, Hot, Vapor, Gas, and Mud Baths; also on Hydropathy, and Pulmonary Inhalation, with a description of Bathing in Ancient and Modern Times . By John Bell, M.D., &amp;c. &amp;c. Second edition. Philadelphia: Lindsay &amp; Blakiston. 1859. pp. 658.

Bibliographical Notices Water, as a Preservative of Health, and a Remedy in Disease — A Treatise on Baths: including Cold, Sea, Warm, Hot, Vapor, Gas, and Mud Baths; also on Hydropathy, and Pulmonary Inhalation, with a description of Bathing in Ancient and Modern Times . By John Bell, M.D., &amp;c. &amp;c. Second edition. Philadelphia: Lindsay &amp; Blakiston. 1859. pp. 658.

2. On the Extent to which Fluoride of Calcium is Soluble in Water at 60° F.

Dr Wilson stated, that the object of his communication was to supplement a paper read to the Royal Society, April 6, 1846, on the solubility of fluoride of calcium in water. He was not then able to state the extent of its solubility in that liquid, but he has since ascertained the weight of the salt in question, which water at 60° can dissolve. The solutions referred to in the following statements were prepared from native well-crystallized fluor-spar. This was first digested in warm dilute aqua regia, to remove any trace of metallic oxides, soluble lime-salts, or other foreign matters, and afterwards carefully washed till it exhibited no acid reaction. Distilled water was then boiled on the purified fluor till it became saturated; the solution filtered whilst warm, and left at rest for some days in stoppered bottles, at a temperature of about 60°, till it deposited the excess of salt soluble above that temperature. It was then filtered a second time. A certain volume of this solution, measured at 60°, was evaporated to dryness on the vapour bath, in a counterpoised platina basin.

Art. V.—On the use of the Warm and Vapour Baths.

Art. V.—On the use of the Warm and Vapour Baths.

Minute Directions for the Use of Dr. Martin Lynch's Vapor Bath: With a Description of an Improvement in the Stool, Rendering It More Portable

Minute Directions for the Use of Dr. Martin Lynch's Vapor Bath: With a Description of an Improvement in the Stool, Rendering It More Portable

22. Rheumatism cured by Vapour Bath of Camphor Fumes

22. Rheumatism cured by Vapour Bath of Camphor Fumes

Sulphur and Vapor Baths

Sulphur and Vapor Baths

XVIII. On Baths and Mineral Waters. In two parts. Part I. A full account of the Hygienic and Curative powers of Cold, Tepid, Warm, and Vapour Baths, and of Sea-bathing. Part II. A History of the Chemical Composition and Medicinal Properties of the chief Mineral Springs of the United States and of Europe.

XVIII. On Baths and Mineral Waters. In two parts. Part I. A full account of the Hygienic and Curative powers of Cold, Tepid, Warm, and Vapour Baths, and of Sea-bathing. Part II. A History of the Chemical Composition and Medicinal Properties of the chief Mineral Springs of the United States and of Europe.