Vanda Orchid Research Articles

Exploring relationship between morphological characters with in vitro initiation ability and optimizing in vitro propagation of Vanda orchids

Exploring relationship between morphological characters with in vitro initiation ability and optimizing in vitro propagation of Vanda orchids

Propagation of the Vanda helvola Orchid In Vitro

Orchids are more economical and tall than plants and other decorations. One of the orchids cultivated is the Vanda orchid. Seed orchid size is small and does not have endosperm, so it is not easy to germinate in nature, so tissue culture is one multiplication orchid in amount a lot and a short time. This study aims to know the growth of the seed orchid Vanda helvola on different media for 12 days after plant. Seed orchid V. helvola grown on modified Murashinge and Shoog (MS), modified Vaccin and Wend (VW) media and organic media. The research was conducted at the Tissue Culture Laboratory of the UPT Center for Food Crops and Horticulture (BBIPTH), Luwus Tanaban, from February to May 2023. The research method used was observation and experimentation, and the research design used RAK (group random design). Research shows modified MS Media, modified VW and organic capable change seeds orchid V. helvola. Modified MS and modified VW media can induce seed orchid V. helvola germination, and MS media can induce formation protocol.

Using the Support Vector Machine method with the HOG feature for classification of orchid types

Orchids are the most species-rich flowering plants, with approximately 750 genera and 43,000 types of orchids in the world, of which about 5,000 species have been recorded in several provinces in Indonesia. Orchids have beautiful flowers with attractive colors, making them ornamental plants that many people like. From plant morphology, orchid plants can be differentiated based on the morphology of flowers, leaves, fruit, stems, and roots. The leaves of orchid plants have their characteristics for each type of orchid, such as long, round, or lanceolate. All orchids have veins that run parallel to their leaves. The individual shapes of orchid leaves can be classified using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Histogram of Gradient (HOG). In this research, five types of orchids that are popular among orchid lovers were used, namely Dendrobium, Cattleya, Oncidium, Phalaenopsis, and Vanda orchids, which were taken from public data. The accuracy of this method in classifying orchid species based on leaf morphology can be measured using a confusion matrix that measures precision, recall, and accuracy. From five tests, the Oncidium orchid had the highest average accuracy with a value of 98%, the Vanda orchid had the highest average precision of 99.80%, and the Cattleya orchid had the highest average recall of 100%.

Kelayakan Bisnis Tanaman Hias Anggrek Vanda di Kota Batu

Based on the development of ornamental plant production of orchid plants. It continues to show vast numbers every year. This shows that orchid plants have the potential to be developed. The farmers' understanding of the prospect of farming and the economic value of Vanda orchid plants is minimal. It's often orchid business cannot be maximized. The purpose of this study is to analyze the financial feasibility of the vanda orchid ornamental plant business in Dd Orchid Nursery, Junrejo District, Batu City, using the R/C ratio, Break Event Point (BEP), Payback Period (PP), Net Present Value (NPV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The population and sample of this study were all farmers in Dd Orchid Nursery, totalling 30 people. The research data was collected using questionnaires, interviews, and documentation techniques. Data analysis conducted includes R/C ratio, Break Event Point (BEP), Payback Period (PP), Net Present Value (NPV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The data was analyzed using the Microsoft Excel program. The results showed an R/C ratio of 4.57. BEP business production is 645 bunches. BEP Price is Rp. 2.269. The payback period (PP) generated amounted to 1.19. Net present value (NPV) amounted to Rp. 27,909,153. And the IRR percentage value obtained is 84%. It can be concluded that the Vanda Orchid Business at DD' Orchid Nursery is a business that has excellent financial viability. Orchid farmers at DD' Orchid Nursery can continue to expand their target market and expand to other types of orchids with profitable profit values.

Inventarisasi Dan Analisis Jenis Anggrek (Orchidaceae) Di Kampung Nambo, Desa Batukarut, Kecamatan Arjasari, Kabupaten Bandung

Orchid is a plant from the Orchidaceae family which is known for the beauty and beauty of its flowers. In Indonesia, there are various species of orchids spread across large islands such as Java and Sumatra. Therefore, orchids have a lot of richness with morphological differences in them. Because of its beauty, orchids are often used as ornamental plants to beautify the yard. Observations were made in the yard of the house in the Nambo Village area, Batukarut Village, Arjasari District, Bandung Regency to classify ornamental orchid plants and differentiate them based on their morphological characteristics. The results obtained were found to be 5 species of orchids from different genera where there were morphological differences between one another. The species is Vanda sp. (Vanda Orchid), Cymbidium Golden Boy. (Boat Orchid), Phalaenopsis amabilis (Moon Orchid), Dendrobium caesar and Arachnis flos-aeris (Scorpion Orchid).

Efek Radiasi Sinar Gamma pada Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Anggrek Vanda Hibrid

Orchids are one of the most important ornamental plants in the world. The existence of natural orchids in their habitat is approaching extinction rate, so it is necessary to increase the diversity of orchids by crossing them. The Vanda orchid is one of the famous orchids in Indonesia because of its uniqueness. Vanda orchids have a very abundant diversity, so they can increase the potential of orchid plants. This study used a hybrid orchid plant <em>Vanda celebica</em> x <em>Vanda dearei</em> irradiated by Gamma-rays with a dose of 0 Gray, 10 Gray, 20 Gray, 30 Gray, 40 Gray, and 50 Gray. The data obtained from the observations will be analyzed using descriptive methods by observing each plant in various doses of Gamma-ray radiation compared with control treatment and presented in the form of boxplot images. The irradiation dose of hybrid Vanda orchids (<em>Vanda celebica</em> x <em>Vanda dearei</em>) increased the diversity in the parameters of plant height and leaf width. The application of a dose of Gamma-ray irradiation did not cause a significant interaction with the variable number of leaves. The diversity value decreased in the parameters of leaf length and number of roots. Application doses of Gamma-ray irradiation of 10, 20, and 30 Gray can change the leaves into grooves compared to control plants. Mutant plants had lower chlorophyll content than control plants (0 Gray).

Karyotype and Ploidy of Vanda dearei and Vanda celebica Orchid Using Flow Cytometry Analysis

The diversity of the Vanda orchid is one of the advantages of plants that are used to make new hybrids. The genus of Vanda has a primary chromosome number (x) = 19 and varies in ploidy level. This study aims to identify the Vanda orchid’s karyotype pattern and ploidy level through flow cytometry. The materials used are orchids Vanda celebica, Vanda dearei, and its hybrids V. dearei x V. celebica and V. celebica x V. dearei. The results showed the number of chromosomes of V. dearei is 2n = 2x = 40, V. celebica is 2n = 2x =38, the hybrid V. celebica x V. dearei is 2n = 2x = 38, and the hybrid of V. dearei x V. celebica is 2n = 2x = 38. The karyotype V. celebica is 2n = 2x = 17m+2sm, V. dearei is 2n = 2x = 40 =18m+2sm, the hybrid of V. celebica x V. dearei is 2n = 2x = 38 = 17m+1sm, and hybrid of V. dearei x V. celebica is 2n = 2x = 38 =17m+1sm. All observed ploidy levels of orchids are diploid.
 Keywords: cytology, diploid, genetics, hybrid

Nitrogen Uptake and Translocation in Vanda Orchid after Roots and Leaves Application of Different Forms 15N Tracer

Vanda is an economically important orchid that is widely produced in Thailand. Usually, growers apply large amounts of fertilizer throughout the plant, covering the leaves and roots to ensure good quality products. Nitrogen fertilizer, in terms of ammonium (NH4+) and nitrate (NO3−), is generally used as an N source. In addition, nitrogen organic fertilizer (glutamine) is increasingly being used to promote rapid growth in some plants. However, the absorption efficiency of organic N compared with the inorganic form (NH4+ and NO3−) via the roots or leaves of Vanda has not been evaluated. Therefore, this research aimed to compare the fate of organic N (in glutamine form) and inorganic N in Vanda using a 15N tracer. Vanda ‘Patchara Delight’ was grown in a plastic greenhouse under a 50% shading net at an average temperature of 25 °C and 80% relative humidity (RH). The plants were sprayed weekly via roots or leaves with 100 mL of 15N solution, 2.5 mM 15NO3− + 2.5 mM NH4+ (N1), 2.5 mM NO3− + 2.5 mM 15NH4+ (N2), and 2.5 mM glutamine (15N2)(N3) for 4 weeks. The plants were then sampled and separated into leaves and roots, and 15N abundance was analyzed using an elemental analyzer coupled with an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer or IRMS. The plants that received only glutamine via roots showed the highest 15N use efficiency (15NUE) of about 28.19% at 30 days after the first feeding (DAF), whereas 15NH4+ resulted in the lowest 15NUE among 15N sources. Regardless of the application site, plants supplied with 15NH4+ showed a lower labeled N concentration and labeled N content in stems and leaves than those fed with a combination of 15NO3− or a sole application of 15N-glutamine. The largest labeled N concentrations in stems, leaves and roots were found in plants supplied with sole glutamine via roots. At 30 DAF, 15N solution either combined with 15NO3− or solitary 15N-glutamine did not affect the labeled N concentration in leaves. Therefore, supplying organic N in glutamine form to Vanda can provide a 4–7% higher NUE than inorganic N, especially when supplying the solution to the roots.

Shoot initiation from young rachis of Vanda orchid

Shoot initiation from young rachis of <i>Vanda</i> orchid

Pengaruh Pemberian Hormon NAA Dan BAP Pada Media MS (Murashige and Skoog) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Anggrek Vanda tricolor Secara In-Vitro

Vanda orchids in local and export markets have very high demand, this is not comparable to the limited vegetative propagation of Vanda orchids. Vanda orchid propagation by tissue culture method is a solution in the propagation of Vanda orchid seeds and with tissue culture, high quality orchid seeds are obtained. This study aims to determine the treatment of growth regulators NAA and BAP as well as to determine the optimum concentration of addition of NAA and BAP to the growing medium for Vanda orchids. This research is an experimental study in which researchers used a completely randomized design (CRD) method with 4 different treatments, namely MS (0ppm NAA + 0ppm BAP), MS (2ppm NAA + 2ppm BAP), MS (4ppm NAA + 4ppm BAP), MS (6ppm NAA + 6ppm BAP) was repeated 3 times in each treatment and analyzed using (ANOVA) with a significant level (p&lt;0.05) then continued using the Duncan Multiple Range Test. This study used test parameters, namely the number of roots, number of leaves, plantlet mass weight and plant height. The results of this study showed a significant difference with the administration of several treatments of growth regulators NAA and BAP on MS media. Treatment B (MS + 2ppm NAA + 2ppm BAP) was the best treatment in obtaining optimum results in order to increase the number of roots and mass weight of Vanda orchid plantlets. The results of this study can be used as a reference for cultivators of Vanda orchid tissue culture. Cultivators are advised to use growth regulators with a concentration of 2 ppm NAA and 2 ppm BAP to increase the number of roots and plantlet mass weight of Vanda orchids.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: BAP, MS Media, NAA, Tissue Culture and Vanda Orchid.

In vitro propagation of Vanda tricolor Lindl. var. suavis protocorm on media containing liquid organic fertilizer as a substitute for MS media

Vanda orchids have a high economic value in the flower industry, so it is necessary to have seeds available at all times. Tissue culture technology offers an important solution to produce plants in large numbers, but it is very costly in media preparation. Hence, it is necessary to have low-cost options for the application of planting media. One way of doing this is to substitute the composition of Murashige and Skoog (MS) media with alternative sources that are more affordable. Liquid organic fertilizer contains macro, micro, and good nutrients for the growth of explants. This study used explants from the protocorm of Vanda tricolor Lindl orchid. var. suavis aged three months planted on media containing liquid organic fertilizer, namely Nasa, Bio88, and Fortune. The parameters observed were the number of shoots and the number of leaves in each treatment. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test at the 5% level, and if there was an effect, it was continued with the Mann-Whitney test. The results showed that liquid organic fertilizer gave different responses to the Vanda tricolor Lindl. var. suavis protocorm. Liquid organic fertilizer has a significant effect on the number of shoots and number of leaves.

In vitro propagation of Vanda orchid: a review

Vanda for the past decade has been the primadonna of ornamental orchids in the south and southeast Asia, along with Phalaenopsis and Dendrobium. Along with the increase in demand for Vanda, this genus has faced several threats from illegal collection to habitat loss. Mass propagation through in vitro culture is a promising strategy to make ensure sustainable business in horticulture, as well as for conservation purposes. This review provides an overview and synthesizes of various Vanda in vitro culture literature. We showed the researchers' preferences on several aspects for growing Vanda, including species, basal medium, plant growth regulators, explant, and culture conditions. The most commonly used as explants are seeds or protocorms, growing on Murashige & Skoog or Vacin & Went medium. This medium can be added banana homogenate to increase its nutritional value. Vanda seedlings can be incubated at 25 ± 1-3oC, with a lighting intensity of 50 μmol m-2 s-1 at 12/16 h PP. Choosing a medium that is cheaper but still rich in nutrients and its additives especially during the subculture phase; selection of explants that are responsive and minimizing the possibility of contamination; as well as seeing the target market in particular, can make Vanda's propagation efforts more effective, efficient, and profitable.

Review: Factors affecting mass propagation of Vanda orchid in vitro

Abstract. Setiaji A, Annisa RRR, Santoso AD, Kinasih A, Riyadi ADR. 2021. Review: Factors affecting mass propagation of Vanda orchid in vitro. Cell Biol Dev 5: 51-62. For the past decade, Vanda has been the primadonna of ornamental orchids in the south and southeast Asia, along with Phalaenopsis and Dendrobium. Along with the increase in demand for Vanda, this genus has faced several threats, from illegal collection to habitat loss. Therefore, mass propagation through in vitro culture is a promising strategy to ensure sustainable business in horticulture and conservation. This review provides an overview and synthesizes various Vanda in vitro culture literature. We showed the researchers' preferences on several aspects for growing Vanda, including species, basal medium, plant growth regulators, explant, and culture conditions. The most commonly used as explants are seeds or protocorms, growing on Murashige &amp; Skoog or Vacin &amp; Went medium. This medium can be added banana homogenate to increase its nutritional value. Vanda seedlings can be incubated at 25 ± 1-3oC, with a lighting intensity of 50 ?mol m-2 s-1 at 12/16 h PP. Choosing a medium that is cheaper but still rich in nutrients and its additives, especially during the subculture phase; selecting explants that are responsive and minimizing the possibility of contamination; as well as seeing the target market in particular, can make Vanda's propagation efforts more effective, efficient, and profitable.

Effects of Gamma Irradiation on Phenotypic Changes in Vanda Hybrid

&lt;p&gt;Vanda Orchid is one of the most popular ornamental plants. Orchids have slow growth. One way to overcome this weakness is by using gamma-ray irradiation. This research aimed to study the morphological characters of various radiation doses resulting from the crossing of the Vanda Orchid. This study was carried out by observing the characters of vegetative growth for each plant on 0 Gy, 10 Gy, 20 Gy, 30 Gy, 40 Gy, and 50 Gy doses of gamma irradiation treatments. The observed variables were the increase in plant height, leaf length, root length, number of roots, number of leaves, leaf width, and leaf color. The results showed that the dose of gamma-ray irradiation were able to increase plant height. 10 Gy and 20 Gy, gamma-ray irradiation doses, resulted in discolored yellowing of orchid leaves. The discoloration of orchid leaves to light green occurs at irradiation doses of 30 Gy, 40 Gy, and 50 Gy. The morphological characteristics of &lt;em&gt;Vanda&lt;/em&gt; sp. hybrid results gamma irradiation are high at dose 10-40 Gy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Keywords:&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;characteristics; morphological; orchid.&lt;/p&gt;

Growth and development of vanda (Vanda sanderiana) explants in vitro on the effect of extracts of organic matter

This study aims to determine the appropriate extract of organic matter to be substituted on MS media, to obtain Vanda orchid Vanda sanderiana plantlets ready for acclimatization. The study consisted of 2 experiments, the first experiment, factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), the first factor was tomato extract, consisting of 3 levels (tomato extract 50 ml/l; tomato extract 100 ml/l, and tomato extract 150 ml/l) and the second factor consists of 3 levels of bean sprouts extract (100 ml/l bean sprouts extract, 150 ml/l bean sprouts extract, 200 ml/l bean sprouts extract). The second experiment compared the best or most efficient composition of the first experiment with BAP media (3 ppm), using the T-test. In the first experiment the growth variables (plant height and number of leaves) of all treatments were not significantly different, but the highest number of shoots was obtained at 50 ml/l tomato extract and 100 ml/l bean sprouts extract (6 shoots), the other 1-2 shoots. This treatment in the second experiment was proven to show a better plant height, leaf number and number of shoots than plant growth in BAP media (3 ppm).

The Growth of Vanda Seedling (Vanda sanderiana) with some Types of Plant Media Acclimatization and Concentration of Humic Acid

Vanda is one type of orchid that has the potential to be developed because it has a variety of shapes and colors. Propagation of hybrid vanda seedlings through invitro culture is the right solution to meet market demand. The aim of this research is to find out the right combination of acclimation planting media and humic acid for the growth of hybrid Vanda orchids (Vanda sanderiana). Experiments using factorial Randomized Block Design (RCBD). The first factor is the planting media (zeolite, fern roots, and bagasse) and the second factor is the concentration of humic acid (0 mg / L, 50 mg / L, and 100 mg / L). The results showed that the interaction between the treatment types of planting media and some levels of humic acid concentration showed no significant effect on the percentage of seedling life and on plant growth parameters (height and number of leaves), but significantly different in plant height on the planting media factor. The best growing media is zeolite stone.

Response of the Vanda Planlet (Vanda sanderiana) to the Addition of Guano and Mycorrhizal Fertilizers in the Acclimatization Stadia

Acclimatization is a critical point for the success of tissue culture propagation. In this phase, in addition to maintaining the condition of the growing environment, accuracy of media composition is required. This study aims to determine the growth response of the Vanda orchid plantlet (Vanda sanderiana) acclimatization phase to the dose of guano and mycorrhizal fertilizers. The design used in this study was a Factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 2 factors. The first factor is the dose of guano fertilizer (without guano, 4g/plant and 8 g/plant), the second factor is mycorrhizal dose (without mycorrhizal, 10 g/plant and 20 g/plant), repeated 3 times. Growth observation variables include number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width and life percentage. The experimental results were analyzed using Analysis of Variace and followed by 1% BNJ test. The results showed that the interaction of the two treatment factors did not significantly affect all parameters. Conclusions guano and mycorrhizal fertilizers are not needed in the acclimatization phase of the Vanda orchid plantlet.

Characterization of Morphology from Orchid Vanda sp. as a Genetic Information Source for Preservation and Agribusiness of Orchids in Indonesia

The aim of the study was to characterize the collection of endangered Indonesian Vanda orchids based on morphological characters. The information obtained is useful for the conservation of germplasm and for the development of superior Vanda orchid breeding programs in the future. The research activity was conducted from May to November 2018 at the Biosciences Laboratory and Plant Laboratory - State Polytechnic Jember, East Java, Indonesia. The experimental design used in this study was a non factorial completely randomized design with three replications. The treatment in this experiment consisted of fourteen Vanda orchid species from various regions in Indonesia. Observation variables based on qualitative morphological characterization. The results of the experiment showed that the coefficient of similarity in morphological characters ranged from 0.33 to 1.00. The lowest value is found between Vanda Helfola and Arades. The results of the dendogram from grouping based on similarity coefficients are divided into two groups, namely the Vanda group consisting of all types of groupings at coefficients of 0.67 - 0.73 and Vanda groups which group at coefficients 0. 39

INTERAKSI BAP DAN NAA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKSPLAN ANGGREK VANDA SECARA IN-VITRO

This research aims to obtain the combination of BAP and NAA concentration which give the best effect on explant growth of Vanda orchid in-vitro. The research was conducted at the biotechnology laboratory Faculty of Agriculture Riau Islamic University Pekanbaru from August to December 2013. The completely randomized design with two factorials (BAP and NAA) was used. The observed parameters included percentage of shoot growing, shoot age, shoot height, shoot number and abnormal embryo somatic. Data were analysed using statistics and BNJ Test at the 5% significance level. The result showed that,interactionally,BAP and NAA applications had a significant effect on height plant with the best concentration without BAP and 1.0 ppm NAA. Individually, the application of BAP effected significantly on percentage of shoot growing, shoot growth, shoot height and shoot number with the best concentration without BAP and 0.1 BAP. Furthermore, the application of NAA influenced significantly on percentage of shoot growing, shoot age, shoot height and shoot number with the best concentration of 1.0 ppm NNA

Improvement Of Orchid Vanda Hybrid (Vanda limbata Blume X Vanda tricolor Lindl. var. suavis) By Colchicines Treatment In Vitro

The purpose of this research was to evaluate the growth phase of orchid Vanda hybrid (Vanda limbata Blume X Vanda tricolor Lindl. var. suavis) response with colchicines treatment, to determine precise effective concentration of colchicines and duration of treatment to induce polyploidy. This research used variation of colchicines concentration which were 0.01%; 0.05%; 0.1%; 0.5%; 1% and 0% and incubation for 6 hours; 12 hours; 18 hours; 24 hours; and 4 days. Treatment was done in aseptic condition using protocorm aged 7 week after sowing. After treatments, plants were planted on Vacint and Went (VW) medium supplemented with of 150 ml/l coconut water. After four months, they were subcultured in medium VW + 150 ml/l + 150g/l banana extract. The results showed that the orchid Vanda hybrid was intolerant to colchicine concentration of 0.1; 0.5 and 1% by death protocorm was more than 50%. Concentration of 0,5% with 6 hours soaking time is the most effective to induced tetraploid in orchid Vanda hybrid. Morphological characters of tetraploid plantlets had lower average number and length of roots, the number, length, and width of the leaves than those of control. Anatomical characters of the tetraploid plantlets revealed the highest stomatal size and had smaller of stomatal index than controls. This evident indicated a negative correlation between stomatal index and ploidy level. Cytological analysis with flow cytometry revealed that tetraploid plantlets (2n=4x=76) stained with DAPI showed the chromosome number more than those of control (2n=2x=38).Key words : polyploidization, colchicine, vanda orchid, chromosome number