Van Putten Research Articles

Induction of vascular endothelial growth factor gene expression by interleukin-1 beta in rat aortic smooth muscle cells.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent and specific mitogen for vascular endothelial cells and promotes neovascularization in vivo. To determine whether interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), which is present in atherosclerotic lesions, induces VEGF gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells, we performed RNA blot analysis on rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMC) with a rat VEGF cDNA probe. IL-1 beta increased VEGF mRNA levels in RASMC in a time- and dose-dependent manner. As little as 0.1 ng/ml IL-1 beta increased VEGF mRNA levels by 2-fold and 10 ng/ml IL-1 beta increased VEGF mRNA by 4-fold. We also measured the half-life of VEGF mRNA and performed nuclear run-on experiments before and after addition of IL-1 beta to see if IL-1 beta increased VEGF mRNA levels by stabilizing the mRNA or by increasing its rate of transcription. The normal, 2-h half-life of VEGF mRNA in RASMC was lengthened to 3.2 h (60%) by IL-1 beta, and IL-1 beta increased the rate of VEGF gene transcription by 2.1-fold. In immunoblot experiments with an antibody specific for VEGF, we found that IL-1 beta increased VEGF protein levels in RASMC by 3.3-fold. Together these data indicate that IL-1 beta induces VEGF gene expression in smooth muscle cells. This IL-1 beta-induced expression of VEGF may accelerate the progression of atherosclerotic lesions by promoting the development of new blood vessels.

Blue mountains sewage transfer scheme: a review of tunnelling : R. Van Putten & L.B. McQueen, Tunnelling & Underground Space Technology, 9(1), 1994, pp 215–224

Blue mountains sewage transfer scheme: a review of tunnelling : R. Van Putten & L.B. McQueen, Tunnelling & Underground Space Technology, 9(1), 1994, pp 215–224

A Note on the Economics of Discards

Previous articleNext article No AccessThalassoramaA Note on the Economics of DiscardsLee G. AndersonLee G. Anderson Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Marine Resource Economics Volume 9, Number 2Summer 1994 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/mre.9.2.42629076 Views: 5Total views on this site Citations: 8Citations are reported from Crossref Copyright © 1994 Marine Resource FoundationPDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:F. Natali, L. Cacchiarelli, G. Branca There are plenty more (sustainable) fish in the sea: A discrete choice experiment on discarded species in Italy, Ecological Economics 196 (Jun 2022): 107413.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2022.107413Sean Pascoe, Trevor Hutton, Eriko Hoshino, Miriana Sporcic, Satoshi Yamasaki, Tom Kompas Effectiveness of harvest strategies in achieving multiple management objectives in a multispecies fishery, Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 64, no.33 (Mar 2020): 700–723.https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8489.12369M. Stithou, V. Vassilopoulou, K. Tsagarakis, A. Edridge, A. Machias, M. Maniopoulou, A. Dogrammatzi, J. M. Bellido, P. Carbonara, A. Carbonell, G. Lembo Discarding in Mediterranean trawl fisheries—a review of potential measures and stakeholder insights, Maritime Studies 18, no.22 (Feb 2019): 225–238.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40152-018-00131-0Staffan Waldo, Frank Jensen, Max Nielsen, Hans Ellefsen, Jónas Hallgrimsson, Cecilia Hammarlund, Øystein Hermansen, and John Isaksen Regulating Multiple Externalities: The Case of Nordic Fisheries, Marine Resource Economics 31, no.22 (Feb 2016): 233–257.https://doi.org/10.1086/685286Ingrid E van Putten, Soile Kulmala, Olivier Thébaud, Natalie Dowling, Katell G Hamon, Trevor Hutton, Sean Pascoe Theories and behavioural drivers underlying fleet dynamics models, Fish and Fisheries 13, no.22 (Jul 2011): 216–235.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2979.2011.00430.xDadi Kristofersson, Kyrre Rickertsen Highgrading in Quota‐Regulated Fisheries: Evidence from the Icelandic Cod Fishery, American Journal of Agricultural Economics 91, no.22 (May 2009): 335–346.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8276.2008.01189.x AARON HATCHER On the Microeconomics of Quota Management in Fisheries, Marine Resource Economics 20, no.11 (Sep 2015): 77–99.https://doi.org/10.1086/mre.20.1.42629460Matthew A. Turner Quota-Induced Discarding in Heterogeneous Fisheries, Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 33, no.22 (Jun 1997): 186–195.https://doi.org/10.1006/jeem.1997.0985

A comparative study of late radiation damage assessment methods as part of a dose-fractionation study in inoperable bronchial carcinoma patients : P.A. Helle, W.L.J. van Putten, D.T.K. Gouw, M. Pillay, S.L. Tjiam, M. Oudkerk. Dr. Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

A comparative study of late radiation damage assessment methods as part of a dose-fractionation study in inoperable bronchial carcinoma patients : P.A. Helle, W.L.J. van Putten, D.T.K. Gouw, M. Pillay, S.L. Tjiam, M. Oudkerk. Dr. Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

A Reader on Applying Statistics in Public Health and Prevention.

Contributions to this volume discuss the application of statistics in public health and prevention, dealing with subjects in the field of working conditions and occupational health, sexually transmissible disease, dental health, public health tables, the geographical distribution of diseases, intervention, and safe behaviour. Papers dealing with working conditions and occupational health include: F. Andries and C.C.J.H. Bijleveld : Working conditions, strain and stress of automation personnel : analysis of complaints and contentedness; S. van Buuren and J.L.A. van Rijckevorsel : Nonresponse imputation in public health research; A. Bloemhoff : Nonlinear partial canonical correlation analysis of health, social class and work indicators - in comparison with cumulative incidence ratio's; F.H.G. Marcelissen, D.J. van Putten and J.J. Radder : Graphical reference-profiles : a method for analysis and presentation of questionnaire data obtained in Periodic Medical and Workplace Surveys (PMWS).

Therapeutic lymphadenectomy in melanomas of the head and neck: W. Van de Vrie, A. M. M. Eggermont, W. L. J. Van Putten, T. Wiggers. Head Neck 1993;15: 5, 377

Therapeutic lymphadenectomy in melanomas of the head and neck: W. Van de Vrie, A. M. M. Eggermont, W. L. J. Van Putten, T. Wiggers. Head Neck 1993;15: 5, 377

A theoretical and empirical comparison of mainframe, microcomputer, and pocket calculator pseudorandom number generators

This article presents an extensive theoretical and empirical analysis of the pseudorandom number generators provided by subroutine libraries (NAG, CERN, IMSL, and ESSL), statistical and simulation software packages (GLIM, SAS, SPSS, DATASIM, ESSP, and LLRANDOMII), builtin functions of programming languages (APL, Turbo Pascal, Advanced BASIC, GW-BASIC, and QBASIC), and autoimplemented algorithms (Fishman & Moore, 1986; Wichmann & Hill, 1982; Van Es, Gill, & Van Putten, 1983). On the basis of these analyses, it is concluded that most of the built-in functions of the software packages that were tested can be used safely. In addition, it is concluded that the Wichmann and Hill algorithm is a good choice if only single-precision arithmetic is available, but that a prime-modulus multiplicative congruential generator with modulus 231 −1 and multiplier 16,807 is a better choice if double-precision arithmetic is available, and that the same generator with multiplier 62,089,911 or 742,938,285 is the best choice if extended-precision arithmetic is available. A Turbo Pascal and a VS FORTRAN program for the latter are given in the Appendixes.

Designing New Psychosocial Treatments for Schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia is a disease characterized by cognitive, psychophysiological, and interpersonal deficits that result in a marked vulnerability to stress (Dawson and Neuchterlein 1984; Nuechterlein 1977; Strauss et al. 1987). Episodes of illness occur in vulnerable individuals who experience stressful life events (G. W. Brown and Rutter 1966; Lukoff et al. 1984) or stressful interactions with family members (G. W. Brown et al. 1972; Imber Mintz et al. 1987; Leff and Vaughn 1985). Similarly, overstimulating therapeutic environments have been shown to exacerbate psychosis (Drake and Sederer 1986; Liberman 1982; Linn et al. 1980; Van Putten 1976). A full understanding of disease-specific deficits resulting from stress and vulnerability is necessary for developing psychosocial treatment programs that augment pharmacotherapies in significantly ameliorating the symptoms and disabilities of schizophrenia.

Effect of environmental enrichment on behaviour, growth and meat quality in the domestic pig

Pigs in a semi-natural environment can spend up to one third of daylight hours in exploratory behaviour (Stolba & Wood-Gush, 1981). It has been suggested that the need for exploration in pigs is as necessary as feeding or sexual behaviour which are generally regarded as endogenous (Van Putten, 1989).This study investigated the effect of enriching the pig's environment on behaviour, growth and meat quality.In a comparative study using 6 groups each of 6 littermates, 3 groups were allocated at birth to an intensive housing system classified as the “barren” (B) environment and 3 groups to an “enriched” (E) environment. The enriched environment had four times more floor space per animal than the barren environment and allowed access to substrates such as peat, straw and shredded paper. Pigs were weaned at 6 weeks of age and pen size was increased at 6 and 12 weeks of age on both treatments. In both environments the pigs were fed ad libitum and had a continuous water supply. The behaviour of 2 focal animals in each group was observed for 10 minutes twice weekly between 1300 and 1800 hours throughout the 18 week life span of the animals. At 6 week intervals 24 hour time lapse video recordings were made to examine overall activity patterns.

Effect of glucose deprivation of GLUT 1 expression in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Elevated glucose transport rates during glucose deprivation are phenomena that have been observed in several different types of cells in culture. We show here that glucose transport rates in 3T3-L1 adipocytes increased by 10-fold within 18 h in response to glucose deprivation, confirming earlier work by Van Putten and Krans (Van Putten, J. P. M., and Krans, H. M. J. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 7996-8001). Mannose and 3-O-methylglucose (a nonmetabolizable glucose analog), but not fructose or galactose, blocked the increase in transport activity. Although the increase in transport was dependent on new protein synthesis, only a small and transient increase in GLUT 1 mRNA (less than 2-fold) was observed. In addition, the level of the normal isoform of GLUT 1 (46 kDa) did not increase. A lower molecular mass isoform (37 kDa) was observed but not until 15 h after glucose removal, the appearance of which was clearly not correlated with the increase in activity. Further, the extracellular glucose concentration required to elicit accumulation of this form (p37) was 2 orders of magnitude less than that required for transport stimulation (5 microM versus 500 microM glucose; p37 accumulation and transport activation, respectively). Interestingly, p37 was seen in the presence of galactose, but not fructose, despite elevated transport activity with either sugar. The p37 isoform was slightly larger than N-glycosidase F-treated GLUT 1 (36 kDa), implying that this form is still glycosylated, albeit incompletely. It is not known if p37 is functional, but the time- and sugar-dependent appearance of the lower isoform suggests that p37 is not responsible for starvation-induced transport but potentially represents an underglycosylated precursor of the normal, 46-kDa isoform of GLUT 1.

Numerical chromosome 1, 12 and 15 distributions in invasive germ cell tumor components and adjacent carcinoma in situ of the human adult testis. A study based on the simultaneous application of interphase cytogenetics and immuno-histochemistry on tissue sections: L.H.J. Looijenga, A.J.M. Gillis, W.L.J. van Putten, [formula omitted]. Laboratory of Experimental Patho-Oncology, Dr. Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Numerical chromosome 1, 12 and 15 distributions in invasive germ cell tumor components and adjacent carcinoma in situ of the human adult testis. A study based on the simultaneous application of interphase cytogenetics and immuno-histochemistry on tissue sections: L.H.J. Looijenga, A.J.M. Gillis, W.L.J. van Putten, [formula omitted]. Laboratory of Experimental Patho-Oncology, Dr. Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Assessment of late radiation damage in inoperable bronchial carcinoma patients treated by radical radiotherapy: P.A. Helle, T.K. Gouw, W.L.J. van Putten, M. Pillay, S.L. Tjiam, M. Oudkerk. Dr. Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Assessment of late radiation damage in inoperable bronchial carcinoma patients treated by radical radiotherapy: P.A. Helle, T.K. Gouw, W.L.J. van Putten, M. Pillay, S.L. Tjiam, M. Oudkerk. Dr. Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

The influence of various split durations on survival in radical split-course radiotherapy in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients: P.A. Helle, T.K. Gouw, W.L.J. van Putten. Dr. Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

The influence of various split durations on survival in radical split-course radiotherapy in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients: P.A. Helle, T.K. Gouw, W.L.J. van Putten. Dr. Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Is Clozapine Response Different in Neuroleptic Nonresponders vs Partial Responders?

<h3>To the Editor.—</h3> As Marder and Van Putten¹have commented, the impressive results of the Kane et al²multicenter trial of clozapine still leave some questions unanswered about who should receive a trial of this medication. They point out that it is unclear how the large group of partial ("suboptimal") responders to standard neuroleptics would respond to clozapine. The response in this subgroup of treatment-resistant schizophrenics has not been compared with that of nonresponders, yet it would be of interest since these pattern differences may be presumed to reflect differences in how the brain responds to challenge with a standard medication and, by inference, important differences in how these brains are disordered.³ Kolakowska et al⁴and Kolakowska⁵have found in prospective and retrospective studies that these patterns of drug response (good, partial, and poor) are generally stable over the course of the illness of schizophrenic

Prognostic value of receptors for epidermal growth factor (EGF-R), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1-R), and somatostatin (SS-R), and of PS2 protein, in patients with breast and ovarian cancer : J.A. Foekens, W.L.J. van Putten, H. Portengen, C.J. Rodenburg, J-C. Reubi, S.C. Henzen-Logmans, J. Alexieva-Figusch and J.G.M. Klijn. Dr. Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Prognostic value of receptors for epidermal growth factor (EGF-R), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1-R), and somatostatin (SS-R), and of PS2 protein, in patients with breast and ovarian cancer : J.A. Foekens, W.L.J. van Putten, H. Portengen, C.J. Rodenburg, J-C. Reubi, S.C. Henzen-Logmans, J. Alexieva-Figusch and J.G.M. Klijn. Dr. Daniel den Hoed Cancer Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Stable expression of lipooligosaccharide antigens during attachment, internalization, and intracellular processing of Neisseria gonorrhoeae in infected epithelial cells

Immunoelectron microscopy enables the detection and localization of bacterial antigens during in vitro infection (J.F.L. Weel and J.P.M. van Putten, Microb. Pathog. 4:213-222, 1988). In this study, we have used this method to get information on the role of lipooligosaccharides (LOS) in the pathogenesis of neisserial infections at the mucosal level. Ultrathin cryosections of Chang conjunctive epithelial cells infected with Neisseria gonorrhoeae (3 to 18 h) were incubated with LOS-specific monoclonal antibodies and gold-labeled protein A and viewed in the electron microscope. Our results demonstrate that the probed LOS determinants are stably expressed during the adherence, internalization, and intracellular processing of the bacteria. There was no indication of an adaptation of the gonococcal LOS expression to the host cell environment or of a degradation of the probed epitopes. The gold particles, representing LOS molecules, were predominantly located at the bacterial membranes, but sometimes the host cell plasma membrane was labeled as well, suggesting that LOS or LOS-containing membrane fragments interacted with the eucaryotic cells. This was confirmed when purified LOS was added to the cells. Two hours after LOS exposure, gold particles were observed at the plasma membrane of a subpopulation of the cells. After 18 h of LOS exposure, gold particles were also found in large vacuoles inside the cells, suggesting that LOS molecules were internalized by the cells. The function of observed LOS binding and endocytosis in the pathogenesis of neisserial infections remains to be defined.

Le rôle des facteurs subjectifs dans la fidélité à la médication*

In 1974, Van Putten was wondering "Why schizophrenic patients refuse to take their medication?" Twenty years later, the entire October 1986 issue of Psychiatric Annals deals with the subject of compliance in the case of maintenance psychotropic drugs. This paper aims to relate the empirical observations made during 152 interviews with chronic psychiatric patients to the broader considerations reported in specialized literature on compliance in the case of psychotropic drugs and of lithium. These two types of data make it possible to explain how the "perceived" advantages and disadvantages of medication go beyond the positive and negative factors objectively recognized and how they intervene in the decision to continue, modify freely or give up the treatment. In conclusion, the author reports studies on the effectiveness of various strategies proposed for increasing compliance.

??-Adrenergic Antagonists in Psychosis

Van Putten and colleagues have reported an association between akathisia and exacerbations of psychosis in schizophrenic patients treated with neuroleptic drugs. They noted that treatment with an anticholinergic drug, biperiden, led to prompt improvement in both conditions. Recent reports suggest that beta-adrenergic antagonists may be effective in the treatment of akathisia. Based on these observations, we surveyed studies in which beta-adrenergic antagonists were administered as putative antipsychotic agents in order to determine whether reports of improvement may actually have reflected successful treatment of underlying neuroleptic-induced akathisia. Though inferential, the results of this review support this hypothesis. It is possible that the mechanism of action for the anti-akathisia and antipsychotic effects of beta-adrenergic antagonists may be due to enhancement of the firing rate of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area, with subsequent increased release of dopamine and decreased interference with dopaminergic neurotransmission.

Behavioural toxicity of antipsychotic drugs : T. Van Putten and S.R. Marder, pp. 13–19

Behavioural toxicity of antipsychotic drugs : T. Van Putten and S.R. Marder, pp. 13–19

Prediction of response to low dose fluphenazine : S.R. Marder, M.D., T. Van Putten, M.D. and R.F. Asarnow, Ph.D. West Los Angeles V.A. Medical Center, Brentwood Division and UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Cet article retrace l’histoire des médicaments antipsychotiques injectables à action prolongée (IAP), ainsi que les interactions réciproques entre cette méthode thérapeutique et l’évolution des conceptions concernant la schizophrénie et sa prise en charge. Le premier neuroleptique d’action prolongé (NAP), l’énanthate de fluphénazine, fut introduit en 1966. Les NAP se sont révélés très adaptés au traitement des patients schizophrènes dans des centres de soins extrahospitaliers et ils ont donc facilité l’essor du mouvement qui fut dénommé psychiatrie de secteur en France et community psychiatry dans des pays anglophones. Les NAP furent introduits initialement pour améliorer l’observance thérapeutique. En fait, ils n’empêchent pas l’inobservance mais la rendent visible plutôt que secrète. Le nombre de publications consacrées aux traitements IAP est resté relativement bas, pendant une quinzaine d’années, entre 1987 et 2002, jusqu’à l’introduction des antipsychotiques atypiques. Un regain d’intérêt pour les IAP a été observé en 2003, avec l’apparition d’un premier antipsychotique atypique d’action prolongée (APAP). Les APAP se distinguent des NAP par l’évolution des technologies permettant de construire une formulation à effet prolongé et par leur utilisation à une époque où les objectifs thérapeutiques ne se limitent pas au contrôle des symptômes positifs mais s’adressent aussi aux symptômes négatifs et à la cognition.From a historical perspective, this article describes the use of antipsychotic long-acting injections (LAI) in the treatment of schizophrenia, a disorder that was defined in the final years of the 19th century. An efficient treatment for schizophrenia was discovered only in 1952 with the introduction of chlorpromazine, a phenothiazine derivative. Fairly soon, antipsychotics became available as LAI. The first compounds were fluphenazine enanthate (1966) and decanoate (1968) whose development is attributed to G.R. Daniel, a medical director at Squibb & Sons. Other first-generation antipsychotics long-acting injections (FGA-LAIs) were introduced in a rapid succession in the 1960s and 1970s. FGA-LAIs made a key contribution to the development of community psychiatry. As neuroleptics emptied psychiatric hospitals, it was important to ensure that patients could be taken care of in outpatient facilities. FGA-LAIs prevented covert non-compliance. Compliance was further reinforced by the social and psychological support of patients. The introduction of second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) led to a loss of interest in FGA-LAIs. This is evidenced by a drop in the number of papers published on this topic. The interest in LAI was revived with the introduction of the first SGA-LAI in 2003. Four different preparations have been approved in the decade between 2003 and 2013. SGA-LAIs differ from FGA-LAIs in the technology that is used to produce the depot effect, and also in the treatment objectives. The rationale for using SGA-LAIs is not only to prevent relapses due to treatment interruption, but also to achieve more constant plasma levels in order to reduce side effects due to excessive plasma levels and loss of efficacy due to insufficient plasma levels. Also, treatment objectives are no longer limited to controlling acute symptoms. Treatment objectives now include the alleviation of negative symptoms and cognitive deficits that are key prognostic factors.