Values Of SOD Research Articles

Changes in the Morphology and Antioxidant Status of European Red Deer Sperm Stored in the Epididymides and in a Liquid State.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the motility, morphology, and antioxidant status of European red deer sperm stored in a liquid state (variant I) and in the epididymides (variant II). Spermatozoa were harvested post-mortem from the cauda epididymis. Sperm samples in both variants were stored for up to six days (D6) at 5 °C. Spermatozoa were assessed for motility, viability, morphology, activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, SOD; glutathione peroxidase, GPx; catalase, CAT), and lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde, MDA, content). Sperm samples were analyzed on storage days 0, 2, 4, and 6 (D0-D6). Storage time and storage method significantly (p ≤ 0.05) influenced the examined variables. On D2, a decrease in motility and acrosomal integrity was observed in both storage variants, whereas a decrease in viability and an increase in MDA content were noted in spermatozoa stored in the epididymides. On D4, higher values of SOD and GPx activity and MDA content were noted in variant I than in variant II. Catalase activity was very low. GPx is the key enzyme that participates in the reduction of hydrogen peroxide in sperm cells. Spermatozoa stored in a liquid state were characterized by higher motility and viability, improved morphology and antioxidant status than those stored in the epididymides; therefore, liquid storage is more recommended for short-term preservation of epididymal spermatozoa.

Montelukast Influence on Lung in Experimental Diabetes.

Background and Objectives: The influence of montelukast (MK), an antagonist of cysLT1 leukotriene receptors, on lung lesions caused by experimental diabetes was studied. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on four groups of six adult male Wistar rats. Diabetes was produced by administration of streptozotocin 65 mg/kg ip. in a single dose. Before the administration of streptozotocin, after 72 h, and after 8 weeks, the serum values of glucose, SOD, MDA, and total antioxidant capacity (TAS) were determined. After 8 weeks, the animals were anesthetized and sacrificed, and the lungs were harvested and examined by optical microscopy. Pulmonary fibrosis, the extent of lung lesions, and the lung wet-weight/dry-weight ratio were evaluated. Results: The obtained results showed that MK significantly reduced pulmonary fibrosis (3.34 ± 0.41 in the STZ group vs. 1.73 ± 0.24 in the STZ+MK group p < 0.01) and lung lesion scores and also decreased the lung wet-weight/dry-weight (W/D) ratio. SOD and TAS values increased significantly when MK was administered to animals with diabetes (77.2 ± 11 U/mL in the STZ group vs. 95.7 ± 13.3 U/mL in the STZ+MK group, p < 0.05, and 25.52 ± 2.09 Trolox units in the STZ group vs. 33.29 ± 1.64 Trolox units in the STZ+MK group, respectively, p < 0.01), and MDA values decreased. MK administered alone did not significantly alter any of these parameters in normal animals. Conclusions: The obtained data showed that by blocking the action of peptide leukotrienes on cysLT1 receptors, montelukast significantly reduced the lung lesions caused by diabetes. The involvement of these leukotrienes in the pathogenesis of fibrosis and other lung diabetic lesions was also demonstrated.

Effects of isorhamnetin on liver injury in heat stroke-affected rats under dry-heat environments via oxidative stress and inflammatory response

Isorhamnetin is a natural flavonoid compound, rich in brass, alkaloids, and sterols with a high medicinal value. This study investigated the effects of isorhamnetin on liver injury and oxidative and inflammatory responses in heat-stroke-affected rats in a dry-heat environment. Fifty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal temperature control (NC, saline), dry-heat control (DHC, saline), low-dose isorhamnetin-pretreated (L-AS, 25 mg/Kg), medium-dose isorhamnetin-pretreated (M-AS, 50 mg/Kg), and high-dose isorhamnetin-pretreated (H-AS, 100 mg/Kg) group. Saline was administered to the NC and DHC groups and corresponding concentrations of isorhamnetin were administered to the remaining three groups for 1 week. Blood and liver tissue were analyzed for oxidative stress and inflammation. The liver histopathological injury score, serum liver enzyme (alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and lactate dehydrogenase), liver oxidative stress index (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], and malondialdehyde), and inflammation index (tumor necrosis factor α [TNF-α], interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, and lipopolysaccharides) were significantly higher in the DHC group than in the NC group (P < 0.05). These index values in the L-AS, M-AS, and H-AS groups were significantly lower than those in the DHC group (P < 0.05). The index values decreased significantly with an increase in the concentration of isorhamnetin (P < 0.05), while the index values of CAT and SOD showed the opposite tendency (P < 0.05). The expression of liver tissue nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), caspase-3, and heat shock protein (HSP-70) was higher in the DHC group than in the NC group (P < 0.05). Comparison between the isorhamnetin and DHC groups revealed that the expression of NF-кB and caspase-3 was decreased, while that of HSP-70 continued to increase (P < 0.05). The difference was significant for HSP-70 among all the isorhamnetin groups (P < 0.05); however, the NF-кB and caspase-3 values in the L-AS and H-AS groups did not differ. In summary, isorhamnetin has protective effects against liver injury in heat-stroke-affected rats. This protective effect may be related to its activities concerning antioxidative stress, anti-inflammatory response, inhibition of NF-кB and caspase-3 expression, and enhancement of HSP-70 expression.

Adaptation strategies of Heracleum sosnowskyi in Ukrainian Polissia

Heracleum sosnowskyi is an invasive transformer species dangerous for biodiversity and human health. The materials for this study were the standard geobotanical descriptions made on the territory of Ukrainian Polissia in the period from 2004 to 2022. The relevés were classified using the Braun-Blanquet methods and used for synphytoindication evaluation of the environmental factors, rating ecofactors, estimated based on the ecological scales of the species that form a phytocoenosis. Heracleum sosnowskyi was observed to occur in plant communities belonging to 13 classes, 16 orders, 21 alliances, and 29 associations. According to the synphytoindication, it most often grew in mesophyte, hemihydrocontrasthophobic (moderately moistened habitats that are sporadically moistened), subacidophilic, semieutrophic, acarbonataphilic, nitrophilic, hemiaerophobic (moderately aerated habitats), submicrothermal (habitats that receives 20–30 kc/sm2), subombrophytic, hemioceanic, subcryophytic (habitats with the average temperature of the coldest month of the year is approximately –8), semi-illuminated, euhemerobic (habitats that have been altered or created by humans and are under anthropogenic influence) habitats. The competitive advantages of Sosnowsky's hogweed over the native species are the combination of the ability to change r and K strategies, depending on the environmental conditions, with the production of a large number of seeds that are dispersed from a tall peduncle, maintaining a significant germination rate for several years, and allelopathy and efficient assimilation of nitrogen compounds, which helps it to increase the size of the shoot. Ruderal and natural grass ecosystems are the most vulnerable to the penetration of H. sosnowskyi in the early stages of autogenic succession (value of natural dynamic was 3.0–4.0 points). The highest projective cover and the density of its population were observed in the nitrified forest edges of associations Elytrigio repentis-Aegopodietum podagrariae var. Heracleum sosnowskyi (value of natural dynamic was 4.0–7.0 points). Forest ecosystems with multi-tiered vegetation (value of natural dynamic was above 9.5 points) and meadows with thorough sod (value of natural dynamic was above 4.8 points) were less vulnerable to invasions. At the same time, disruptions of the completeness of the tree stand or the integrity of sod created additional opportunities for the species to invade the territory. Once penetrating into natural or ruderal ecosystems, H. sosnowskyi most often transforms their autotrophic blocks into a variant of association Agropyretum repentis var. Heracleum sosnowskyi of class Artemisietea vulgaris, which is a more favorable phytocenosis for its intensive reproduction and spread. The results of the study can be used to prevent the spread of H. sosnowskyi.

Analysis of Product Defect to Reduce Return Product in Flexographic Printing

Product return in 2021 at PT XY increased, but the quality control implemented has not been running effectively. This study aims to analyze the failure risk that causes defects, gets the greatest failure risk in the Risk Priority Number (RPN),and gives suggestions for improvement for the next production. The focus of this study is on production defects that are returned by customers. This study used Failure Mode Effect Analysis (FMEA) methods and Problem Identification Corrective Action (PICA) table. From the gathered data, it is identified that there is one type of dominant defect that is outside the control limits. The results of data processing by multiplying the SOD value to get the RPN value found that the three largest ranking modes of failure were the engine settings did not match the RPN value of 484, negligent in the production control process with the RPN value is 230, and the compressor is not optimal with the RPN value is 210. Then an analysis was carried out using the PICA table to get suggestions for improvements, conducting periodic IK retraining, checking machine condition regularly, conducting periodic inspections during the production process, evaluating performance results, and running check sheets while carrying out the production process.

Health status outcome among cannabis addicts after treatment of addiction.

The abuse of Cannabis is a widespread issue in the Asir region. It has a lot of legal and occupational repercussions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the health status of cannabis addicts at admission and after treatment using body mass index, glycemic status, liver function, renal function, and oxidative stress. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 120 participants. The study was conducted at Al Amal Hospital for Mental Health in Asir region of Saudi Arabia, with 100 hospitalized patients receiving addiction treatment and 20 healthy volunteers. The participants were divided into two groups: group I, the control group, and group II, the cannabis addicts. The socio-demographic data were gathered. The level of cannabis in the urine and the CWAS [Cannabis Withdrawal Assessment Scale] were determined. In addition, the Body Mass Index [BMI], vital signs [temperature, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and respiratory rate], serum levels of albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, AST, ALT, and ALP, urea, creatinine, Thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances [TBARS], superoxide dismutase [SOD], reduced glutathione [GSH], and catalase [CAT] were analyzed on the first day of admission and after treatment. According to the results, there was no significant change in the body mass index. The vital signs in the cannabis user group were significantly lower than the corresponding admission values. Regarding renal function tests such as urea and creatinine, we found that after treatment, the mean urea and creatinine values in the cannabis user group did not differ significantly from the corresponding admission values. However, after treatment, the mean values of fasting blood glucose levels in the cannabis user group were significantly lower than at admission. Also, the mean values of liver function tests such as albumin, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, AST, ALT, and ALP in the cannabis user group were significantly lower than the corresponding admission values after treatment. In assessing the antioxidant system, we found that the mean values of TBARS, SOD, GSH, and CAT in the cannabis user group did not differ significantly from the corresponding admission values after treatment. The current findings have revealed that cannabis addiction harms the various body systems and has significant implications for the addict's state of health. The values of oxidative stress biomarkers did not change in this study, but other measured parameters improved after treatment.

Evaluation of cyto-genotoxicity biomarkers, changes in histology and antioxidant defense system of Oreochromis niloticus induced by the industrial effluents

Aquatic pollution mainly by industrial effluents has been a major concern since a few decades. The current study evaluated cyto-genotoxicity of industrial effluents on Oreochromis niloticus exposed to sublethal levels by hematotoxicity, blood biochemistry analysis, micronucleus assay, antioxidants and cerebral toxicity. The significant elevation in differential leukocytes of exposed fish was indicative of infections and compromised immune system. The acute and chronic industrial effluent exposure caused significant decline in aspartame transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT) and renal function enzymes. Necrosis, hyperplastic growth, hypertrophy and toxicant accumulation exhibited cerebral toxicity potential of industrial toxicants. A significant decrease in antioxidants, GSH, SOD and catalase (0.14, 0.66 and 1549 unit/mg protein) in chronic exposure group in comparison to 0.18, 2.83, 7680 and 6200.8 values of GSH, SOD, GPx and CAT, respectively. Results showed that acute and chronic industrial effluent exposure caused genotoxicity with higher frequencies of formation of micronuclei and cytokaryotic fusion.

The effects of eight weeks of aerobic training with vitamin C on the expression pathway of antioxidants in the hippocampus tissue of TMT induced Alzheimer's disease rats

IntroductionAlzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurological disorders and, researchers believe that the impairment of oxidant-antioxidant system plays an important role in its progression. The PI3K/NRF2 pathway has particular importance in increasing the expression of antioxidants. Thus present study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training (AT) with vitamin C (VC) on the expression pathway of antioxidants in the hippocampus tissue of trimethyltin chloride (TMT) induced Alzheimer's Disease Rats. MethodsIn this experimental study, 28 male Sprague-Dawley rats (age 14–16 months, weight 270–320 g) were injected 10 mg/kg TMT and were divided into (1) TMT (n = 7), (2) TMT + VC (n = 7), (3) TMT + AT (n = 7) and (4) TMT + VC + AT (n = 7) groups. Also, 7 healthy rats without any intervention selected as healthy control (HC) group to investigate the effects of TMT on research variables. Groups 3 and 4 ran on the treadmill for eight weeks, for 15–48 min at a speed of 10–24 m/min. Also, groups 2 and 4 received 4 mg/kg VC orally. To measure PI3K, Nrf2, SOD and catalase in the hippocampus tissue of rats, ELISA method were used. To analyze the data, one-way analysis of variance with Tukey's post- hoc tests were used (P ≤ 0.05). ResultsThe hippocampal values of Nrf2 and SOD in TMT + VC, TMT + AT and TMT + VC + AT groups were higher than TMT group (P = 0.001). Catalase in TMT + AT and TMT + VC + AT groups was higher than TMT group (P = 0.001). Also, catalase and PI3K were higher in the TMT + VC + AT group than the TMT + VC group (P = 0.05). PI3K levels of TMT + VC + AT group were higher than TMT + AT group (P = 0.02). ConclusionIt seems that AT and VC, both alone and in combination, play a role in improving the transcription pathway of antioxidants in the hippocampus tissue of TMT induced Alzheimer's disease Rats. Therefore, the combination of these two interventions is suggested to improve the antioxidant system.

Comparison of different priming methods of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) seeds in the early stages of growth in saline and sodic soils under irrigation with different water qualities

Salt stress is one of the most important environmental stresses affecting the growth, quantity, and quality of agronomic crops. This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of seed priming on the salt tolerance of pumpkin seedlings. Seeds were primed with eight different treatments including control (pre-soaking), Hydropriming with deionized water, Nanopriming with TiO2, Chemopriming with putrescine, Biopriming with Pantoea agglomerans and Pseudomonas putida bacterias, Hormone priming with salicylic acid, plant extract priming with Moringa (Moringa oleifera), and osmopriming with zinc sulfate. After germination, two groups of sampling were grown in two types of soil: saline (Ssa) and sodic (Sso) and they were investigated separately and irrigated with two types of water: saline-sodic (Wss) and non-saline-non-sodic (Wnss). Results showed that under Wnss/Ssa conditions, hydropriming did not affect the TAC and K+/Na+, as well as TDM and gas exchange parameters, while osmopriming increased all parameters. Likewise, in this soil-water condition, the osmopriming increased respiration and dry matter by 21.8%, while it increased photosynthesis in all four soil-water conditions. Hormone priming in Wss/Ssa conditions caused a 31% increase in dry matter, while it did not affect SOD, Proline, and TAC, moreover, respiration and K+/Na+ also increased. In Wss/Sso, nanopriming was the only superior treatment in terms of dry matter with a 10% increase compared to the control. In mentioned soil water condition, nanopriming was among the treatments with the highest values of SOD, TAC, Proline, and K+/Na+, respiration, and the lowest values of MDA and Na+. In all conditions except Wss/Sso, biopriming increased dry matter. In the mentioned condition, despite having higher SOD, and proline compared to the control, biopriming did not lead to an increase in respiration and K+/Na+. In Wss/Ssa conditions, biopriming led to the highest increase in the dry matter by 34.1%, while it had no effect on proline and TAC and increased K+/Na+ by 3.7 times compared to the control. Priming with plant extract also increased dry matter in all conditions except Wss/Sso. In the condition of Wss/Ssa, even though the priming of the plant extract did not affect TAC and proline, it caused an increase in K+/Na+ compared to the control, in addition, it was one of the superior treatments in terms of respiration. In conclusion, seed priming through ionic regulation was found to be effective in reducing the harmful effects of salinity and sodicity stress in pumpkin seedlings.

Replacement of Dietary Crude Protein of Soybean Meal by Tobacco Leaf Protein Concentrate on Growth, Haematological and Biochemical Responses of Catfish, Clarias gariepinus

This study assessed the effects of replacing dietary crude protein of soybean meal with tobacco leaf protein concentrate (TLPC) on growth, haematological and biochemical parameters of catfish, Clarias gariepinus juveniles. The catfish (n=126, mean weight = 31.77±0.07g) were arranged in a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 3 replicates with 7fish per experimental unit and fed for 40days. The treatments were 0, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100% replacement levels of soybean meal with Tobacco leaf protein concentrate respectively. Diets had negative effects (p &gt; 0.05) on mean weight gain (MWG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) across treatments. Fish in the control group recorded highest values for MWG (51.20±0.25g), SGR (2.40±0.01) and PER (2.48±0.02). Similarly, the best value for FCR (1.03±0.01) was recorded amongst the control group of fish. With the exceptions of WBC, NEUT, LYPH and MCV, significant differences (p&lt;0.05) were recorded in the values of Packed cell volume, red blood cells, Haemoglobin, PLT, MCHC and MCH across diets. The biochemical parameters recorded no significant differences (p &gt; 0.05) across treatments with the exceptions of CHO, HDL and LDL. Also, significant differences (p &lt; 0.05) were observed in the values of GSH, SOD, CAT and MDA across treatments. The poor growth performance coupled with reduced physiological activities of TLPC at different inclusion levels, confirmed that it could not favourably replace soybean meal however, TLPC enhanced the enzymatic antioxidant activities in the experimental fish, consequently improving the health status of C. gariepinus.

Comparing the Effect of Moringa Aqueous Extract and Selenium Nanoparticles Against Complications of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

&lt;b&gt;Background and Objective:&lt;/b&gt; Plant extracts were widely used to maintain postprandial levels and minimize diabetes complications. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of selenium nanoparticles and aqueous extract of the &lt;i&gt;Moringa&lt;/i&gt; plant against diabetes mellitus complications and compare their therapeutic effects. &lt;b&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Fifty six Wistar male rats were divided randomly into 8 groups (7 rats each): (i) Control, (ii): Received corn oil, (iii): Treated with Se-NPs, (iv): Injected orally with &lt;i&gt;Moringa&lt;/i&gt; aqueous extract (MAE), (v): Treated with a single i.p., dose of streptozotocin (STZ), (vi): Single i.p., dose of STZ followed by Se-NPs, (vii): Treated with a single i.p., dose of STZ then MAE orally and (viii): Injected with STZ and then received Se-NPs. After 4 weeks the blood sera were isolated and stored at -20°C for investigation of values of insulin, GSH, MDA, SOD, GSH-PX, triglycerides, T-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The STZ treatment decreased insulin, HDL cholesterol and body weight values while increasing glucose, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglycerides and mild degeneration of islets of Langerhans. The single treatment of diabetic rats with either MAE or Se-NPs exhibited a decline in the levels of serum glucose, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, MDA and GSH, improving the HDL-cholesterol, insulin level and body weight. &lt;b&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/b&gt; The co-administration of diabetic rats with MAE and Se-NPs resulted in a prominent improvement that was revealed by restoring beta-cell function, reducing blood glucose levels and stimulating insulin production rather than their single therapeutic use.

Association Between Parameters of Cortisol Metabolism, Biomarkers of Minerals (Zinc, Selenium, and Magnesium), and Insulin Resistance and Oxidative Stress in Women with Obesity.

This is a cross-sectional study with women divided into a group of those with obesity (n = 80) and a control group (n = 94). Statistical analysis was conducted using the SPSS program. There were high values of GPx and TBARS and reduced values of SOD in women with obesity compared to the control group. Obese women showed increased concentrations of cortisol in serum and urine as well as hypozincemia, hyposelenemia, and hypomagnesemia and increased urinary excretion of these minerals. There was a negative correlation between the cortisol/cortisone ratio and erythrocyte zinc and selenium concentrations and a significant positive correlation between GPx and SOD activity and erythrocyte and plasma concentrations of zinc and selenium. The results of the study suggest the influence of adiposity on the increase in cortisol concentrations and the role of this hormone in the compartmentalization of the minerals zinc, selenium, and magnesium. However, the association study does not allow identifying the impact of such action on the antioxidant defense system and insulin sensitivity.

Effect of vitamin C, electrolyte, and jaggery on transportation stress in different seasons on biochemical parameters of goats

The present study evaluated the seasonal effects of transportation of goats (Alpine x Beetal) at different flocking densities, supplemented with Vitamin C in group I, Vitamin C + Electrolyte in group II and group III Jaggery, three days before transport of animal, during winter and hot-humid seasons. The goats were selected from LRC, NDRI Karnal, and were between 10-12 months old. Each group has been 25 goats, divided into high (15) and low (10) flocking densities, with an average speed of 25 Km/h transported for 8h. All the animals were kept off-feed and deprived of water during transportation. Blood samples were taken just before transportation, immediately after transportation, 6hrs, 12 hrs, 24 hrs, and two days post transportation from all three groups. The blood samples were further analyzed to estimate different biochemical parameters such as Glucose, GPx, and SOD. Pre-transportation values of glucose, GPx, and SOD were lower (P&lt; 0.05), followed by a maximum increase in values after unloading in all the groups and both seasons. The values continued to decline with subsequent hours after post transportation till 24 hours. Vitamin C, Vitamin C + Electrolyte, and Jaggery supplementation helped reduce transport stress, but the combination of Vitamin C + Electrolyte was more effective in reducing the transport stress in the goats.

Comparative Effects of Whole Stevia Leaf and Rebaudioside A on Oxidative Stress in Male Obese Sprague Dawley Rats

Background: Obesity is a dilemma nowadays for increasing percentage of people worldwide. Obesity induced oxidative stress due to increased tissue lipid levels, threatened redox state of cell and increased free radical formation leads to tissue oxidative stress. Fatty liver disease is a very common disorder related with obesity resulting in storage of fat goblets in the liver tissues leading to altered redox state called oxidative stress. Aim: To relate the outcome of Stevia and Rebaudioside A on Oxidative stress (MDA, SOD) in Obese Sprague Dawley Rats. Place and duration of study: Physiology Department of Islamabad Medical and Dental College, Islamabad, in collaboration with National Institute of Health (NIH) from 1st January 2020 to 30th June 2022. Methodology: One hundred and twenty healthy male Sprague Dawley rats were included. The animals were divided randomly into four groups of 30 rats each by simple randomization technique. Group 1 was given normal diet while the other three groups were given high fat diet. Stevia leaves and Rebaudioside A (rebiana) were further added for six weeks in the diet of Group 3 and 4 respectively. All animals were sacrificed at the end of study. Results: High fat diet induced oxidative stress in obese group was restored to approximate normal values of SOD (0.001) and MDA (0.001) by treatment with stevia and rebiana both (0.899). Conclusion: Stevia and Rebiana both cause improvement of oxidative stress unrewarding of expensive extraction procedures. Keywords: Stevia rebaudiana, Rebaudioside A, Sprague Dawley rats, Oxidative stress, NAFLD

Improvement effect of enzymic polypeptide from Paeonia ostii seed meal on protein-energy malnutrition mouse model

The improvement effects of enzymatic polypeptide of Paeonia ostii seed meal (APHP) on model mice of protein-energy malnutrition were evaluated by body weight changes, organ indices, levels of SOD, CAT, MDA, total protein and albumin in serum, staining images of major organs and macrophages phagocytosis. The results indicated the mice body weight recovery was dose-dependent with APHP and the body weight change of model mice fed with high-dose APHP (5.0 g/kg) and normal diet showed a same recovery effect. The model mice had higher thymus and spleen indexes than other groups. And the values of SOD, CAT, MDA, total protein and albumin in serum returned to normal level after 30, 60, 45, 30 and 45 days respectively, which was better than those of normal diet. Our research will provide basic data support for new potential applications of APHP and increase the added value of Paeonia ostii processing enterprises.

Peripheral and regional blood bloodstreams lipid peroxidation comparative analysis in women with pelvic venous disorder.

Pelvic venous disorder (PVD) in women is a polyetiological multifactorial disease characterized by a high prevalence (up to 80%), a high risk of infertility, and a progressive recurrent course. Morphological changes of the venous bed occur in PVD, contributing to retrograde blood flow and pelvic phlebohypertension. It is occur due to dynamic hypervolemia and hypertension long-term exposure on the venous wall. However, PVD pathogenesis analysis only from venous hemodynamic disorders position does not explain all mechanisms of the disease development and does not contribute to the treatment measures effectiveness. Currently oxidative stress reactions are considered as the most important markers of the pathological process. The aim of our work was a comparative analysis of lipid peroxidation-antioxidant defense component changes in the peripheral and regional blood flow in women with primary pelvic venous disorder depending on the disease stage. The study involved 137 women of reproductive age (mean age 37.4±9.1 years old) with diagnosed primary PVD divided into 3 groups according to the pathological process stages (stages I, II, III). Data from 30 practically healthy women (mean age 33.5±6.3 years old) were used as controls. Spectrophotometric, fluorometric, immunoassay and statistical methods were used. In patients with PVD stage I in peripheral bloodstream were higher values of SOD and GPO activity; in the regional bloodstream were higher levels of TBARs, SOD, catalase, GPO and lower GSH. In PVD stage II the peripheral bloodstream showed elevated levels of DC, GSH and SOD reduced levels; the regional bloodstream showed higher levels of DC, TBARs, GPO and GSH reduced levels relative to controls. PVD stage III was characterized by: higher levels of DC and TBARs and lower levels of SOD and GSH in the peripheral bloodstream; higher levels of DC, TBARs and lower levels of GSH and catalase in the regional bloodstream compared with control. Thus, the results of our study showed no significant differences in the LPO-AOD system between peripheral and regional bloodstreams in patients with PVD depending on the disease stage. However, negative changes in the redox balance in the regional bloodstream were earlier and were already registered at the first stage of the disease. It is likely that control of antioxidant insufficiency in patients with PVD should be an important component of preventive measures in the early stages and pathogenetic treatment in the pathological process progression, particularly in stage III of the disease.

The Effect of Vitamin E on Testicular Histology and Antioxidant Level in Rats Exposed to Bisphenol A

This study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of Vitamin E on testicular tissue and antioxidant levels in rats exposed to Bisphenol A. It was determined that the general histological appearances were similar in the control and sham groups, there was a decrease in tubule diameter in the BPA-treated group, but the seminiferous tubular epithelial layer increased. Epithelial shedding and subbasal vacuoles were detected in some tubules in the vitamin E group. Undifferentiated Embryonic Cell Transcription Factor 1 (UTF-1) positive tubule and cell counts were found to be quite high in the BPA group. The antioxidant parameter SOD value was found to be low in the BPA group and higher in the Vitamin E group. It was noted that the MDA value was higher in the BPA-applied group compared to the other groups. At the end of the study, it was determined that vitamin E applied against BPA exposure had positive effects on testicular histology and antioxidant levels in testicular tissue.

Does Antioxidant Mitoquinone (MitoQ) Ameliorate Oxidative Stress in Frozen-Thawed Rooster Sperm?

In this study, we aimed to determine the benefit of mitoquinone (MitoQ) in rooster semen extenders on sperm quality, motility parameters, antioxidant capacities, and apoptotic changes in post-thawed rooster semen. A total of 85 ejaculates from 18 roosters were collected and then divided into five equal aliquots and cryopreserved in extenders with 1.0% soy lecithin nanoparticles that contained various concentrations of MitoQ (0 nM (M0), 50 nM (M50), 100 nM (M100), 150 nM (M150), and 200 nM (M200)). By using a computer-assisted semen analyzer, sperm motility parameters were assessed after freeze thawing. The M150 group had significantly higher percentages of total motility, progressive motility, viability, acrosome membrane integrity, and mitochondrial activity than the other groups (p &lt; 0.05). Compared to other groups, M100 and M150 groups produced a higher percentage of plasma membrane integrity and ATP contents (p &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the lowest levels of ROS and MDA in spermatozoa were observed in M150 group (p &lt; 0.05), whereas the highest levels of ROS and MDA were observed in sperm in the controls or the M200 group (p &lt; 0.05). Significantly higher values of SOD, GPx, and Cas-3 were found in the M150 group compared to other groups (p &lt; 0.05). Overall, these results demonstrate that MitoQ at 150 nM not only ameliorates post-thawed sperm quality and motility parameters by restoring ATP levels and preventing membrane damage, but also improves redox balance and antiapoptotic activities.

Systemic administration with melatonin in the daytime has a better effect on promoting osseointegration of titanium rods in ovariectomized rats.

This study examined whether systemic administration of melatonin would have different effects on osseointegration in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, depending on whether this was administered during the day or night. In this study, a titanium rod was implanted in the medullary cavity of one femoral metaphysis in OVX rats, and then the rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham group (Sham, n = 10), OVX rat group (OVX, n = 10), melatonin day treatment group (OVX + MD, n = 10), and melatonin night treatment group (OVX + MN, n = 10). The OVX + MD and OVX + MN rats were treated with 30 mg/kg/day melatonin at 9 am and 9 pm, respectively, for 12 weeks. At the end of the research, the rats were killed to obtain bilateral femora and blood samples for evaluation. Micro-CT and histological evaluation showed that the bone microscopic parameters of femoral metaphysis trabecular bone and bone tissue around the titanium rod in the OVX + MD group demonstrated higher bone mineral density, bone volume fraction, trabecular number, connective density, trabecular thickness, and lower trabecular speculation (p = 0.004) than the OVX + MN group. Moreover, the biomechanical parameters of the OVX + MD group showed higher pull-out test and three-point bending test values, including fixation strength, interface stiffness, energy to failure, energy at break, ultimate load, and elastic modulus (p = 0.012) than the OVX + MN group. In addition, the bone metabolism index and oxidative stress indicators of the OVX + MD group show lower values of Type I collagen cross-linked C-telopeptide, procollagen type 1 N propeptide, and malondialdehyde (p = 0.013), and higher values of TAC and SOD (p = 0.002) compared with the OVX + MN group. The results of our study suggest that systemic administration with melatonin at 9 am may improve the initial osseointegration of titanium rods under osteoporotic conditions more effectively than administration at 9 pm.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res2022;11(11):751-762.

HEPATOPROTECTIVE POTENTIALS OF ACTIVE FRACTIONS OF Lawsonia inermis (Lythraceae) AGAINST ACETAMINOPHEN-INDUCED LIVER DAMAGE IN RATS

Lawsonia inermis (henna) is widely distributed across African countries. It has been used by herbal doctors in treating oxidative stress-related diseases in humans. Its leaves contain valuable antioxidants and protective molecules, which can protect humans against hepatic damage from toxic effects. This study analyzed the hepatoprotective ability of L. inermis leaf fractions againstacetaminophen-induced liver damage in rats. Fifty-four (54) rats were divided into nine (9) groups, and each group allocated six (6) rats. Group 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9 were given 2 mL/kg/day of normal saline, normal control (NCN), 600 mg/kg/day of acetaminophen alone, negative control (NCA), 600mg/kg/day of acetaminophen and 200 mg of n-hexane fraction (AH200), 600mg/kg/day of acetaminophen and 400 mg of n-hexane fraction (AH400), 600 mg/kg/day of acetaminophen and 200 mg of ethyl acetate fraction (AE200), 600 mg/kg/day of acetaminophen and 400 mg of ethyl acetate fraction (AE400), 600mg/kg/day of acetaminophen and 200 mg of methanol fraction (AM200), 600mg/kg/day of acetaminophen and 400 mg of methanol fraction (AM400), 600mg/kg/day of acetaminophen and 25 mg/kg/day of silymarin (AS25), respectively. The serum chemistry, lipid profiles, hepatic enzyme markers and oxidative stress markers were analyzed using standard methods. Histopathological examination ofhepatocytes of the treated rats was determined. The results revealed lower significant values of total protein, albumin, globulin, HDL, SOD, CAT, and GPx, and higher significant values of serum bilirubin, glucose, creatinine and urea, triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, ALT, AST, ALP, LDH and MDA in NCA-treated rats than in the others. Interestingly, higher insignificantly levels of total protein, albumin, globulin, HDL, SOD, CAT, and GPx, and lowered insignificantly values of bilirubin, glucose, creatinine, urea, triglyceride, cholesterol, LDL, asnd ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, and MDA were noted among L. inermis fractions treated rats. Abnormal hepatic cellarchitectures were observed in the livers of NCA-treated rats than in other groups, however, reduced hepatic dysfunction/normal liver cell architectures were restored among the rats treated with L. inermis leave fractions. These results have suggested that all levels of L. inermis leave fractions in this study possessed hepatoprotective potential against acetaminophen-inducedhepatic cell damage,