Values Of SOD Research Articles

The Effect of Liposomes Ethanol Extract of Tekelan Leaves (Chromolaena odorata L.) on the SOD and MDA Level in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide-Induced Diabetic Rats

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress occurs when the quantity of free radical molecules in the body exceeds the number of antioxidant molecules. Tekelan leaf (Chromolaena odorata L.) is an Asteraceae plant with antioxidant qualities that aid in the prevention of oxidative stress. According to, the chemical components contained in tekelan leaves, such as flavones, flavonols, flavonones, chalcones, and hydroxy benzoic acid, are responsible for the antioxidant properties. Tekelan leaf ethanol extract liposomes is one of preparation that can improve the level antioxidant activity of the samples, in the recent research antioxidant activity of liposomes ethanol extract of tekelan leaves (Chromolaena odorata L.) is tested to male rats which induced by Streptozotocin-Nicotinamid than calcilate the level of SOD and MDA.
 
 
 AIM: The goal of this study was to see if tekelan leaf ethanol extract liposomes might reduce MDA and SOD levels in male rats caused by STZ-nicotinamide.
 
 METHOS: Rats were given nicotinamide at a dose of 24 mg/200gBW and streptozotocin at a dose of 12 mg/200gBW at day 1, then continue to liposome and extract administration at doses of 20 mg/200gBW, 40 mg/200gBW, and 80 mg/200gBW, respectively for 15 days. At day 16 the blood were drawn and SOD and MDA levels were analyzed using a spectrophotometer.
 
 RESULTS: The MDA value for liposome preparation at a dose of 80 mg/200gBW were substantially lower (9.81±0.08) than negative control group (15.94±0.45). Furthermore, similar result also reported in SOD value that liposome preparation at a dose of 80 mg/200gBW (89.33±0.30) that higher than negative control group (65.55±0.30).
 
 CONCLUSION: It concluded that the liposomes preparation of the ethanol extract of tekelan leaves showed higher antioxidant activity than extract preparation, it showed dose dependent manner.

Wound Healing and Curative Properties of Alligator Pepper (Aframomum Melegueta) seed extract in Albino Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of Alligator pepper, Aframomum melegueta, seed extract on wound healing in albino rats. Four treatment groups of eight albino rats each were used for the experiment. Group 1 were given feed and water only. Group 2, 3 and 4 were exposed to a reference drug (Cicatrin), 10% and 20% of the extract respectively for 21 days. Excision wounds of 30mm were made on dorsal thoracic central region of the rats. Serum from blood collected from the dorsal aorta of sacrificed rats were analysed for oxidative stress biomarkers (TNF-α, MDA and SOD) using standard methods. The tissue samples from the wounds were collected and histhopathologically analysed under a light microscope. The decrease in wound size was measured using an electronic Vernier Calliper at intervals of two days. The values of TNF-α ranged from 87pg/ml to 136pg/ml while those of MDA ranged from 0.92 to 3.19µmol/L. The maximum and minimum values of SOD recorded were 25.15U/mg protein and 12.6U/mg protein respectively. The smallest wound size value, 5.5mm, was measured in Group 3 on day 19 of the experiment. Behavioural changes were observed which included lethargy and anorexia. The histopathological study of the extract groups showed the formation of new tissues, keratinized substances and hair follicle. The results obtained from the wound measurements supported the conclusion that the extract had a better effect on the wound healing in experimental animals.

Effects of drought stress on antioxidant enzymes in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seedlings

Drought is one of the most severe environmental constraints which reduces common bean production worldwide. Exploration of the physiological mechanism of common bean under drought stress is important for the efficient production and variety selection of common beans. In the present study, non-droughtresistant variety (Longyundou10) and drought-resistant variety (Longyundou17) were identified to elucidate the effects of drought stress on antioxidant system of common beans at seedling stage. Under drought stress, APX and SOD activities showed a single peak curve that first increased and then decreased, and the dynamic changes of CAT and POD activities were more complicated. Under different levels of drought treatment, the average values of APX, SOD, CAT and POD activities of common bean were found to be higher than those of normal water conditions, and the average values were the highest under severe drought stress, indicating that these antioxidant enzymes were stimulated under drought stress. Bangladesh J. Bot. 50(3): 873-878, 2021 (September) Special

EVALUATION OF BIOCHEMICAL AND OXIDATIVE STRESS MARKERS AS PREDICTIVE TOOL FOR DIAGNOSIS OF BIRTH ASPHYXIA AND ENCEPHALOPATHY IN NEW BORN

Background:Birth asphyxia and resultanthypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), are leading cause of mortality and morbidity in newborns. Delayed diagnosis may lead to progression of HIE as its clinical features may not be evident at birth as they evolve with time. This study was done to identify asphyxia and HIE in term neonates by evaluating biochemical and oxidative stress markers in umbilical cord blood sample taken immediately after delivery. Methodology: This prospective cross sectional study was done on term neonates in a tertiary care hospital (n=60)Thestudy population was then divided into two equal groups on the basis of Apgar score at 1 minute, with score < 7 as cases (n=30) and ≥7 as controls ( n=30) . The umbilical cord blood was evaluated for biochemical and oxidative stress markers like lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase brain isoform (CK BB), superoxide dismutase (SOD,malondialdehyde (MDH) and catalase. Result: The mean values of LDH, CK BB, and MDA were higher in cases than controls and the differences were highly significant statistically. The mean values of SOD and catalase were higher in cases than controls and the differences were significant statistically. However, mean value of LDH & CKBB of cases with prolonged asphyxia with Apgar score < 7 at 5 minutes (n=4) versus cases with Apgar score > 7 (n=26) was not statistically significant at 95% CI. Conclusion: This study helps in diagnosis of neonatal asphyxia at an early stage thereby preserving the normal functioning of neonatal brain so that the brain functioning is not compromised.

Effects of Salinity Stress on Some Growth, Physiological, and Biochemical Parameters in Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Germplasm

ABSTRACT The production of cotton is negatively affected by salinity. For this purpose, 8 parents and their 16 F1 hybrids were evaluated under saline stress (15 dSm−1) in Line × Tester fashion. Mean values of plant height, number of bolls plant−1, boll weight, lint weight, seed cotton yield plant−1, seed index, no. of seeds boll−1, seed mass boll−1, lint mass boll−1, seed volume per 100 seeds, fiber strength, fiber length, lint%, K+, K+/Na+ ratio, CAT, TSP, chlorophyll a, b, and relative water contents decreased under salt stress whilst the values of lint index, seed density, fiber fineness, Na+, H2O2, SOD, POD carotenoids, malondialdehyde, phenolic contents, ascorbic acid, and flavonoids increased under saline conditions. Under saline MS-71× CRS-2007, MS-71× KAHKASHAN, and IUB-65 × FH-312 exhibited performed better than other genotypes for most traits. For fiber quality traits IUB-65× CRS-2007 and IUB-65× FH-312 showed the highest value under salt stress. Improved identified cotton genotypes can enhance our capacity to grow cotton in salt-affected soils and the key morpho-biochemical traits can potentially be exploited to obtain higher and more stable crops yield under stressed environments.

COMPLEMENTARY EFFECT OF BLACK PEPPER AND TURMERIC ON PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF JAPANESE QUAIL

The physiological effect of black pepper and turmeric are of great interest due to their antioxidant, nutritional and therapeutic properties. Therefore, the target of this study was to investigate the physiological and immunological effects of black pepper to enhance bioavailability of turmeric on productive performance of growing Japanese quail. A total of two hundred unsexed seven day-old from Japanese quail were divided into four groups, each group was distributed into five replicates, 10 birds in each replicate. All groups were fed the same basal diet supplemented with 0.0%,2% turmeric powder/ Kg diet,0.5 % black pepper powder/ Kg diet for the 1st , 2nd and 3rd groups, while the fourth group was given basal diet supplemented with a mixture of 2% turmeric powder + 0.5 % black pepper powder/ Kg diet. All quails were fed the experimental diets from 7 to 42 days of age. The results revealed that dietary supplements turmeric, black pepper either singly or in combination had significantly improved live body weight, weight gain and feed conversion ratio compared to control group. Additionally, results illustrated that combined black pepper + turmeric group had positive effect on protein fraction, globulin fractions(α, β, and γ-globulin), lipids profile, and immunoglobulin G (IgG) compared to other groups. Additionally, combined black pepper with turmeric group recorded highly significant values of thyroid hormones concentration, T3/T4 ratio and improvement SOD, MDA and GSH-Px concentration compared to other groups. Meanwhile, treated groups had no significant effect on feed consumption, liver functions markers (ALT, AST and ALP) and immunoglobulin A and M (IgA, IgM) compared to control group of growing quail. However, there were no significant differences between turmeric or black pepper groups on physiological and immunological responses of growing quails. Conclusion: These results concluded that combining of 0.5% black pepper to 2% turmeric together may enhance productive performance and had significantly improved serum lipids concentration, thyroid hormones, antioxidant enzymes activity, immunoglobulin G of growing quail.

Evaluation of rubber seed oil in feed of giant gourami Osphronemus gouramy L: Growth performance and oxidative stress

ABSTRACT A feeding trial was conducted for 56 days using 50% palm oil + 50% fish oil, 50% palm oil + 50% corn oil, 50% palm oil + 50% heated rubber seed oil, 100% heated rubber seed oil, and 100% nontreated rubber seed oil. Gourami (weight ±17 g/fish) were reared using 122 L aquaria at a density of 15 fish per aquaria. Feeding was conducted until apparent satiation three times daily. The results of the parameters of growth performance, protein retention, and lipids observed in the PhRSO (50% palm oil + 50% heated rubber seed oil) treatment showed a better value compared to the others. Moreover, nRSO (100% nontreated rubber seed oil) treatment demonstrated a higher SOD and lower MDA value, which indicated the presence of oxidative stress. Thus, it can be concluded that either heated rubber seed oil or combination of heated rubber seed oil with palm oil can be utilized as a lipid source for gourami fish.

Role of curd and yogurt in establishment and progression of diabetes through protein glycation and induction of inflammation

Curd and yogurt is rich in protein, calcium, magnesium and other vitamins and considered as beneficial for diabetics. The present study delves into another aspect of curd and yogurt; viz. its role in protein glycation and thereby initiation of inflammation. Curd contains glyoxal and methylglyoxal and thereby capable of glycating proteins. The present study has used curd set for 12 h, 24 h and yogurt. Rats were fed 1.5 g curd and yogurt twice a day for 45 days. General and specific Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) were measured from various tissues showing 6.5, 10.5 and 11.5 fold increase in general fluorescence in the liver tissue in 12 h curd, yogurt and 24 h curd fed rats respectively. The specific fluorescence was even higher in liver and kidney. Likewise, enhanced AGEs formation was also observed in intestines, heart, lungs, lens, soleus muscle and pancreas. Animals demonstrated lower SOD value and higher catalase and TBARS implying oxidative stress. The extent of stress was as 24 h > yogurt > 12 h fed rats. IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α values were found to increase in a similar pattern while that of IL-4 and IFN-γ were reduced. OGTT revealed an impaired glucose tolerance in 24 h curd fed rats and yogurt. In view of lesser effect of 12 h set curd, its effect on diabetic animals was studied, demonstrating an increase in AGEs in all the tissues. Hence regular consumption of curds can lead to glycation of proteins, inflammation and oxidative stress that can cause progression of diabetes.

Effect of Azolla pinnata and Nannochloropsis oculata on growth performance and immunoresponse of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and its resistance to bacterial infection

This experiment aimed to appraise growth performance, hematological and immuno-physiological indices of Nile tilapia when fed on diets in which soybeans were partially replaced by Azolla pinnata or Nannochloropsis oculata. A control diet (basic diet) was tested against 6 practical diets (3 diets partially replaced soybean with Azolla pinnata and 3 diets partially replaced soybean with Nannochloropsis oculata at three different percentages (2.5, 5 and 7.5 %) The highest values of growth parameters were recorded in T3 (Azolla 5 %), followed by T4 (Azolla 7.5 %), T5 (Nano 2.5 %), T7 (Nano 7.5 %), T6 (Nano 5 %), T2 (Azolla 2.5 %), and then T1 (negative control). At the end of the experiment, T4 recoded the highest values of Total protein and Globulin while the lowest readings were in T3, Albumin lowest value was in T5 and the highest one accomplished in T2 with a significant differences between all treatments. For the antioxidant parameters, the negative control (T1) recoded the highest MDA value, while had the lowest values of SOD, GPX and Lysozyme. The highest values of (SOD and GPX) accomplished in T6 while the highest value of Lysozyme was recorded in T4. The challenge with A. hydrophila showed that, the highest mortality rate (80 %) was recorded in control, while the lowest one (10 %) was recorded in T3 and T4.

Comparative study on the biochemical factors and antioxidant enzymes of rainbow trout eggs and larvae in a recirculating and flow-through system

Recirculating aquaculture systems (RASs) may cause stressful conditions, by which the biochemical compositions and immune system of the fishes can be influenced. Thus, in this research, effects of water reusing on the biochemical compositions and antioxidant enzyme activities of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) eggs and yolk-sac larvae in an airlift-based recirculating system and a flow-through system were investigated. Eggs and larvae were sampled weekly at 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 42 days after fertilization (DAF) in triplicate for analyses of both biochemical and antioxidant enzyme activities. The results indicated that there were no significant differences between the two systems in terms of the major biochemical composition of the eggs and larvae, except for the total lipid at 42 DAF, which was higher in the flow-through system. In both systems, the moisture values of samples increased progressively during the experimental period. The total lipid values in the embryonic stage (at 1, 7, 14, and 21 DAF) were statistically constant, whereas in the larval stage (at 28, 35, and 42 DAF), increased significantly in both systems. There were no significant differences between the systems and amongst the sampling times during the study period in terms of ∑SFA, ∑MUFA, and ∑PUFA. The values of TAC, SOD, CAT, and GPX in both systems were statistically constant during the embryonic stage, whereas there were significant differences between the embryonic and larval stages. In addition, the antioxidant enzyme activities revealed significant differences between the experimental systems, with an exception of the SOD activity, on which effects of treatment were not significant. In conclusion, there were no significant differences between the flow-through and airlift-based recirculating systems in terms of biochemical compositions, fatty acid profiles, and antioxidant enzyme activities during the embryonic stage. Thus, the designed recirculating system was practically efficient in this stage. While, the lipid content and antioxidant enzyme activities of the yolk-sac larvae reared under the recirculating system were respectively lower and higher than of the larvae reared under the flow-through system, which was more likely due to the accumulation of ammonia in the recirculating system.

Dyslipidemia and oxidative stress are causative factors for atherosclerosis changes in hemodialysis patients

Background: Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading cause of death in chronic kidney disease. The increased cardiovascular mortality observed in all stages of Chronic kidney disease patients. In hemodialysis cardiovascular mortality is more than 60%. In hemodialysis dyslipidemia contribute for the triggering of atherosclerosis. Endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress are serves as main precursor for the progression of atherosclerosis. So the present study was aimed at studying lipid profile and oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients.Methods: A cross sectional study carried out over a 2 year period in Department Nephrology and General Medicine OPD, MIMS, Vizianagaram, Andhra Pradesh, India. A total of 60 hemodialysis patients are included. In all the participants Lipid profile, SOD, MDA and Serum Nitrate was measured. Results: There is a significantly increased levels of serum triglycerides and VLDL in hemodialysis patients when compared with Control. The HDL-C was significant Lower in hemodialysis patients when compared with control. The serum total cholesterol and LDL-C not shown any significant change. The Serum MDA and Serum Nitrate was significantly higher in hemodialysis patients compared with Control and it is statistically significant (p<0.001). Whereas the serum SOD value was significantly decreased in hemodialysis patients when compared with control and it is statistically significant (p<0.001).Conclusion: Present study finding suggested that the incidence of atherosclerosis changes are higher in hemodialysis patients. Early detection and correction of atherosclerosis changes can help us to reducing the deleterious effects.

Dezhou donkey (Equus asinus) milk a potential treatment strategy for type 2 diabetes.

Donkey (Equus asinus) milk has become a medical and nutrient product since ancient times. In addition, donkey milk was regarded as a medicinal food and substitute product for infant formula in some ancient western countries. Chinese ancient medical books documented the medicinal value of donkey milk, using donkey milk to treat diabetes, cough and jaundice. To investigate the donkey milk's components and anti-diabetic effect of donkey milk in vitro and in vivo and to study the molecular mechanism of donkey milk was an anti-diabetic medication. In this study, the gastrointestinal digested donkey milk was simulated in vitro and its products of protein digestion were analyzed by SDS-PAGE. We then performed cell viability assay, insulin secretion assay, animal experiments and ELISA assays to study the anti-diabetic effect of donkey milk in vitro and in vivo. Donkey milk's anti-diabetic molecular mechanism and specific targets were detected by using quantitative real time PCR. Lysozyme (LZ) and α-lactalbumin (α-La) exhibited significantly lower digestibility and higher retention than the other components of donkey milk. In vitro, 500 μg/mL of donkey milk could improve damaged β-cells viability significantly (P < 0.0001). In vivo, the blood glucose and HOMA-IR of diabetic rats treated with donkey milk were 14.23 ± 5.18 mM and 74.94 ± 23.62, respectively, whereas the diabetic group were 22.18 ± 2.23 mM and 112.16 ± 18.44, respectively (P < 0.01). The SOD value of donkey milk group was 265.87 ± 21.29 U/L, while the SOD value of diabetic group was 193.20 ± 52.07 U/L (P < 0.05). These results indicated that the blood glucose was reduced, the ability of the body to eliminate free radicals was enhanced, antioxidant levels in the body was increased, insulin resistance was improved in type 2 diabetic rats after donkey milk powder fed for 4 weeks. Furthermore, donkey milk could treat diabetes through down-regulating phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (Pck1) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6PC). Donkey milk has played an important role in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, and contributed to the development of the donkey milk products.

Additional compounds and the therapeutic potential of Cnidoscolus chayamansa (McVaugh) against hepatotoxicity induced by antitubercular drugs

Previously non-isolated compounds (scopoletin and β-D-Glucopyranoside, (1R)-O-isopropyl 6-O-(2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-xylopyranosyl)-2,3,4-triacetate) were isolated from an organic extract of the Cnidoscolus chayamansa stem. Also, lupeol acetate (main compound, 49.7 mg/g of dry extract) and scopoletin (0.19 mg/g of dry extract) were quantified by HPLC analysis from this organic extract.The protective activity of the C. chayamansa organic extract against hepatotoxicity induced by antitubercular drugs [Rifampicin (50 mg/kg), Isoniazid (50 mg/kg), and Pyrazinamide (100 mg/kg)] are reported. The extract was tested at 200 and 400 mg/kg in Balb/C mice during 85 days, using silymarin (2.5 mg/kg) as positive control. Liver damage was determined using biochemical parameters (AST, ALT, ALP, CHOL, HDL TG, Urea, and CREA), histological analysis, and evaluation of oxidative stress (SOD, CAT, Gpx, Lpx and POx). The extract at both doses favored body weight gain with respect to the anti-TB group; the dose of 200 mg/kg was better. Also, the extract at both doses decreased the values of transaminases (AST, ALT) enzymes (p < 0.05) vs. anti-TB group. In oxidative stress parameters, the SOD value was decreased, as were the levels of peroxidation of lipids and oxidative protein in the group with C. chayamansa extract at 200 and 400 mg/kg vs. the anti-TB group. Histological analyses from liver showed the absence of steatosis in the extract group at 400 mg/kg, and moderate steatosis in the silymarin and extract (at 200 mg/kg) groups with respect to anti-TB group, which demonstrated a steatosis. It should be noted that during the study period, none of the treated mice died. In conclusion, the CHCl3: MeOH extract of C. chayamansa has a hepatoprotective effect against hepatotoxicity induced by anti-TB drugs.

Management of blood lipid profile and oxidative status in Holstein and Simmental dairy cows during lactation

Managing and determination of the blood lipid profile and oxidative status are useful tool to show the influence of foreign chemical substances on production of dairy cows. Investigation of various biomarkers of oxidative stress related to various problems in the production dairy cows presents a very important issue. The aim of this research was to investigate different biological markers in two different breeds of dairy cows – the Holstein Friesian and the Simmental, during different stages of lactation. The total of 60 Holstein Friesian and Simmental cows were divided into two treatments (HF and S) which was further divided into three groups each, respectively. Lactating groups of each cow breed was divided into three stages at early lactation of 32-75 days (HF1 and S1), peak lactation of 80-165 days (HF2 and S2) and low lactation of 175 days onward (HF3 and S3). During the research the total milk production and the percentage of milk fat and protein were determined. Blood samples were collected from jugular vein of each cow, the serum was harvested without anticoagulant and stored at -20 °C in small aliquots till further analysis. Serum was then analyzed for triglyceride, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, AST, ALT, GGT, the total antioxidant status (TAS), the total oxidant status (TOS), MDA, SOD, catalase and paraoxonase (PON1). Significantly (P&amp;lt;0.05) higher values of cholesterol, TOS and SOD at peak lactation stage was observed in all cows. A gradual decline from early lactation to low lactation was observed in the values of triglycerides and ALT, while MDA gradually increased from the same stage in all cows. The values of LDL and catalase showed an irregular pattern of variations in various lactation stages among all groups. The Holstein Friesian breed showed significantly higher values of ALT and PON1, while values of HDL, TAS and TOS were the lowest in Simmental group (P&amp;lt;0.05). By measuring the signs of oxidative stress, it was concluded that metabolic efforts of cows during the peak of lactation affected the investigated parameters. Disturbance in feed intake and rise in metabolic processes lift up oxidative stress in cows, especially during the peak of lactation, which might be determined by monitoring blood alterations. Results of our study indicated that the Holstein Friesian breed was under higher oxidative stress during different lactation stages compared to Simmental dairy cows.

Effect of Systemic Administration of Curcumin on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Ovaries: An Animal Model Study

Objective-Ovarian torsion must be diagnosed and treated as much early as possible. The aim of the present study was to investigate effects of interaperitoneal administration of curcumin on ischemia-reperfusion injury in ovaries. Design- Experimental Study Animals- Twent-four healthy female Wistar rats Procedures- Twent-four healthy female Wistar rats weighing approximately 260g were randomized into four experimental groups (n = 6): Group Sham: The rats underwent only laparotomy. Group I: A 3- hour ischemia only. Group I/R: A 3-hour ischemia and a 3-hour reperfusion. Group I/R/C: A 3-hour ischemia, a 3-hour reperfusion and 1 mg/kg interaperitoneal administration of curcumin 2.5 hours after induction of ischemia. Results-Curcumin treated animals showed significantly ameliorated development of ischemia and reperfusion tissue injury compared to those of other groups (P<0.05). The significant higher values of SOD, GPO and GST were observed in I/R/C animals compared to those of other groups (P<0.05). The damage indicators (MDA) was significantly lower in I/R/C animal compared to those of other groups (P<0.05). Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- Interaperitoneal administration of curcumin could be helpful in minimizing ischemia-reperfusion injury in ovarian tissue exposed to ischemia.

Biomarkers of oxidative stress in pregnant women with recurrent miscarriages

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the markers of oxidative stress (OS), as well as the magnesium (Mg) concentration, pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) and human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) values in patients with previous recurrent miscarriages, with the purpose of comparing the level of OS with normal pregnancy. Methods The study was conducted as a prospective study, which included a total of 95 pregnant women divided into two groups. In the study group (n = 35), there were women with at least three consecutive previous miscarriages. The control group (n = 60) consisted of healthy pregnant women without previous miscarriages and complications in pregnancy. Blood samples were taken between the 11th and 14th weeks of gestation, and the values of superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and total antioxidant status (TAS) in the serum, as well as the Mg concentration, PAPP-A and β-hCG values were determined. Results The values of SOD and GHS-Px were statistically higher in the study group, while the values of TAS were statistically significantly higher in the control group. The values of the Mg concentration were statistically significantly higher in the control group, while the values of β-hCG were statistically significantly higher in the study group. When the study group was divided into subgroups according to the outcome of pregnancy, there were statistical differences in the level of GSH-Px, SOD between miscarriages and the term delivery group, as well as in the Mg concentration between miscarriages and the term delivery group and between the term and preterm delivery groups. Higher values of SOD and GHS-Px, and lower values of TAS and Mg concentration could be used as markers for the prediction of spontaneous miscarriages. Conclusions The results of this research indicated higher OS and exhaustion of antioxidant mechanisms in early pregnancy in a group with recurrent miscarriages. Also, lower values of serum Mg concentration could be one of the markers for the prediction of spontaneous miscarriages.

Effects of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ) on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rat Ovaries: Histological and Biochemical Assessments

To evaluate effects of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) on ischemia-reperfusion injury using a rat ovary model.Thirty healthy female Wistar rats with 250g were randomized into five experimental groups (n = 6): Group SHAM: The rats underwent only laparotomy. Group Ischemia: A 3- hour ischemia only. Group I/R: A 3-hour ischemia and a 3-hour reperfusion. 30 min before termination of reperfusion 20 µL soybeen oil (Solvent of PQQ) was administered. Group I/PQQ: A 3-hour ischemia only and 20 µL (10 mg/kg) intraperitoneal administration (IP) of PQQ 2.5 hours after induction of ischemia. Group I/R/PQQ: A 3-hour ischemia, a 3-hour reperfusion and 20 µL (10 mg/kg) IP of PQQ 2.5 hours after induction of ischemia.Animals treated with PQQ showed significantly ameliorated development of ischemia and reperfusion tissue injury compared to those of other groups (p=0.001). The significant higher values of SOD, GPO and GST were observed in I/R/PQQ animals compared to those of other groups (p=0.001). Damage indicator (MDA) was significantly lower in I/R/PQQ animal compared to those of other groups (p=0.001).Intraperitoneal administration of PQQ could be helpful in minimizing ischemia-reperfusion injury in ovarian tissue exposed to ischemia.

Effects of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone (PQQ) on Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rat Ovaries: Histological and Biochemical Assessments

Objective: To evaluate effects of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) on ischemia-reperfusion injury using a rat ovary model.Method:Thirty healthy female Wistar rats with 250g were randomized into five experimental groups (n = 6): Group SHAM: The rats underwent only laparotomy. Group Ischemia: A 3- hour ischemia only. Group I/R: A 3-hour ischemia and a 3-hour reperfusion. 30 min before termination of reperfusion 20 µL soybeen oil (Solvent of PQQ) was administered. Group I/PQQ: A 3-hour ischemia only and 20 µL (10 mg/kg) intraperitoneal administration (IP) of PQQ 2.5 hours after induction of ischemia. Group I/R/PQQ: A 3-hour ischemia, a 3-hour reperfusion and 20 µL (10 mg/kg) IP of PQQ 2.5 hours after induction of ischemia. Results:Animals treated with PQQ showed significantly ameliorated development of ischemia and reperfusion tissue injury compared to those of other groups (p=0.001). The significant higher values of SOD, GPO and GST were observed in I/R/PQQ animals compared to those of other groups (p=0.001). Damage indicator (MDA) was significantly lower in I/R/PQQ animal compared to those of other groups (p=0.001). Conclusion:Intraperitoneal administration of PQQ could be helpful in minimizing ischemia-reperfusion injury in ovarian tissue exposed to ischemia.

Characteristic anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of enzymatic- and acidic- hydrolysed mycelium polysaccharides by Oudemansiella radicata on LPS-induced lung injury

The present work investigated the antioxidative, anti-inflammatory and pulmonary protective effects of enzymatic- and acid- hydrolysed mycelia polysaccharides (En-MPS and Ac-MPS) from Oudemansiella radicata on LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) mice. The results demonstrated that both En-MPS and Ac-MPS showed potential pulmonary protective effects by decreasing serum levels of hs-CRP and C3, increasing pulmonary enzyme values of SOD, GSH-Px, CAT and the level of T-AOC; reducing the activity of MPO; and down-regulating the contents of MDA and LPO. In addition, the levels of TNF-ɑ, IL-1β, and IL-6 in BALF of mice treated with En-MPS at a dosage of 400 mg/kg/d were significantly lower than those in the ALI mice. The in vitro antioxidant effects also showed that the En-MPS was more effective than Ac-MPS. Furthermore, the physical properties of polysaccharides were also investigated by GC, HPGPC, FT-IR and NMR. These results indicated that both En-MPS and Ac-MPS possessed potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, which could be used as an ingestible drug in preventing lung injury.

Interaperitoneal Administration of Αlpha-Tocopherol Loaded Nanoparticles Improves Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rat Ovaries Torsion and Detorsion Model.

Objective:To investigate effects of intraperitoneally administration of α-tocopherol loaded nanoparticles (TNP) on ischemia-reperfusion injury in ovaries.Methods:Thirty-five healthy female Wistar rats ~250g were randomized into seven experimental groups (n = 5): Group SHAM: The rats underwent only laparotomy. Group Ischemia: A 3- hour ischemia only. Group I/R: A 3-hour ischemia and a 3-hour reperfusion. Group I/T: A 3-hour ischemia only and 100 mg/kg intraperitoneal administration (IP) of α-tocopherol 2.5 hours after induction of ischemia. Group I/R/T: A 3-hour ischemia, a 3-hour reperfusion and 100 mg/kg IP of α-tocopherol 2.5 hours after induction of ischemia. Group I/TNP: A 3-hour ischemia only and 1 mg/kg IP of TNP 2.5 hours after induction of ischemia. Group I/R/TNP: A 3-hour ischemia, a 3-hour reperfusion and 1 mg/kg IP of TNP 2.5 hours after induction of ischemia. Results:Animals treated with αTNP showed significantly ameliorated development of ischemia and reperfusion tissue injury compared to those of other groups (p=0.001). The significant higher values of SOD, tGSH, GPO, GSHRd and GST were observed in I/R/NC animals compared to those of other groups (p=0.001). Damage indicators (NOS, MDA, MPO and DNA damage level) were significantly lower in I/R/NC animal compared to those of other groups (p=0.001). Conclusion: Intraperitoneal administration of TNP could be helpful in minimizing ischemia-reperfusion injury in ovarian tissue exposed to ischemia.