P1 Values Research Articles

Divergent Aging of Isogenic Yeast Cells Revealed through Single-Cell Phenotypic Dynamics

Although genetic mutations that alter organisms' average lifespans have been identified in aging research, our understanding of the dynamic changes during aging remains limited. Here, we integrate single-cell imaging, microfluidics, and computational modeling to investigate phenotypic divergence and cellular heterogeneity during replicative aging of single S.cerevisiae cells. Specifically, we find that isogenic cells diverge early in life toward one of two aging paths, which are characterized by distinct age-associated phenotypes. We captured the dynamics of single cells along the paths with a stochastic discrete-state model, which accurately predicts both the measured heterogeneity and the lifespan of cells on each path within a cell population. Our analysis suggests that genetic and environmental factors influence both a cell's choice of paths and the kinetics of paths themselves. Given that these factors are highly conserved throughout eukaryotes, divergent aging might represent a general scheme in cellular aging of other organisms.

Chart Datum and Bathymetry Correction To Support Managing Coral Grouper In Lepar And Pongok Island Waters, South Bangka Regency

Corrected bathimetry data is highly required to improve the quality of sea floor map, for a range of purposes including coastal environmental monitoring and management. This research was aimed to know chart datum values used for correctting bathymetry data at Bar-cheeked coral trout grouper (Plectropomus maculates) fishing ground in Lepar and Pongok Island waters 02o57’00”S and 106o50’00”E and 02o53’00”S and 107o03’00”E, respectively, South Bangka Regency, Indonesia. The study was carried out from November 2016 to October 2017, tidal data used for 15 days from September 16–30, 2017 using simple random sampling technique with the total of 845 points of measurements. To calculate tyde harmonic constituents values this study employed admiralty method resulting 10 major components. Results of this research indicated that harmonic coefficient values of M2, M2, S2, N2, K1, O1, M4, MS4, K2, and P1, were 0.0345 m, 0.0608 m, 0.0276 m, 0.4262 m, 0.2060 m, 0.0119 m, 0.0082 m, 0.0164 m, and 0.1406 m, respectively. Values of mean sea level, chart datum, and F, were 0.9620 m, 0.0500 m, and 0.0664 m, respectively, with diurnal type (F= 6.64). Correcting bathymetry values of surveyed location results a deviation about 1.2 m in depth. The calculated chart datum as well as corrected bathymetry provides information that can be used as vertical refrerence datum for generating sea floor map for determining the fishing ground area of bar-cheeked coral trout grouper. Fishing depth usually ranges between 4.2 and 40.8 m. Average water depth in the fishing ground ranged from 14.7 to 22.5 m.

Effects of Viscosupplementation on Knee Joint Arthrokinematics - Pilot Study.

Osteoarthritis is one of the most common dysfunctions of the musculoskeletal system and viscosup-plementation is becoming an increasingly popular treatment in OA. However, current knowledge regarding biomechanical changes in synovial joints reveals many discrepancies. Therefore, the aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of visco-supplementation on knee joint arthrokinematics as analyzed by vibroarthrography. Seventeen individuals diagnosed with moderate knee osteoarthritis (VSC) were examined before and after a single injection of hyaluronate. A control group consisted of 30 asymptomatic individuals. During alter-nating extension/flexion of the knee joint, a 6-second vibroarthrographic signal was recorded using an accelerometer. The following parameters were calculated: variance (VMS), amplitude (R4), and spectral power density in the 50-250 Hz (P1) and 250-450 Hz (P2) bands. Statistical analysis showed significant differences (p<0.05) in the values of R4 and P2, which were higher in the VSC group than among the controls. After viscosupplementation, the values of R4, P1 and P2 in the VSC group de-creased to a level not significantly different from that seen among the controls. 1. After a single intra-articular HA injection, joint motion-related vibrations were reduced, which was recorded as a decreased intensity of vibroacoustic emission. 2. This suggests that the use of viscosupplementation in pa-tients with moderate knee osteoarthritis may improve qualitative aspects of arthrokinematics.

The excessive length of first ray as a risk factor for hallux valgus recurrence.

BackgroundIt is still unknown whether the excessive length of the first ray is a risk factor for hallux valgus recurrence. The purpose of this study is to clarify the relationship between the excessive length of the first ray and the recurrence of hallux valgus.MethodsBetween 2008 and 2011, a total of 186 feet (left 105, right 81) who underwent chevron osteotomy combined with distal soft tissue procedure in our foot and ankle center were retrospectively reviewed. A postoperative hallux valgus angle(HVA) ≥20° was defined as recurrence. Patients were divided into two groups: recurrence and non-recurrence group. Weight-bearing radiographs were evaluated preoperatively and at the time of last follow-up for both groups. Radiographic parameters including the length of the great toe(P1), the length of the second toe(P2), the length distance between the first and second metatarsal(D), the hallux valgus angle(HVA) were obtained. The excessive length of the first ray(EL) was calculated using the equation of EL = P1-P2-D.ResultsA total of 45 patients (24.2%) had hallux valgus recurrence at the time of last follow-up with a mean follow-up of 83.7 ±12.1 months (range, 66–110). The mean postoperative P1 was 5.06±0.39cm for recurrence group and 4.84±0.34cm for no recurrence group(p<0.001). The mean post operative EL was 5.71±5.01mm for recurrence group and 1.61±4.09mm for no recurrence group(p<0.001). The predictive cutoff value of postoperative P1 and postoperative EL for hallux valgus recurrence was 4.9cm [odds ratio (OR) = 8.67, p = 0.03] and 0.4cm (OR = 6.79, p = 0.001) respectively.ConclusionsSignificant relationships between postoperative P1, postoperative EL and hallux valgus recurrence were identified according to our radiographic results. A postoperative P1>4.9cm and postoperative EL>0.4cm can be risk factors for hallux valgus recurrence. The appreciation of the excessive length of the first ray prior to surgery may help to improve the surgical outcome.

LSZ-reduction, resonances and non-diagonal propagators: Gauge fields

We analyze in the Landau gauge mixing of bosonic fields in gauge theories with exact and spontaneously broken symmetries, extending to this case the Lehmann–Symanzik–Zimmermann (LSZ) formalism of the asymptotic fields. Factorization of residues of poles (at real and complex values of the variable p2) is demonstrated and a simple practical prescription for finding the “square-rooted” residues, necessary for calculating S-matrix elements, is given. The pseudo-Fock space of asymptotic (in the LSZ sense) states is explicitly constructed and its BRST-cohomological structure is elucidated. Usefulness of these general results, obtained by investigating the relevant set of Slavnov–Taylor identities, is illustrated on the one-loop examples of the Z0-photon mixing in the Standard Model and the GZ-Majoron mixing in the singlet Majoron model.

Compositional optimization of lead-free (Ba1-xCax)(Ti1-ySny)O3 ceramics:a structural and electrical perspective

Lead-free (Ba1-xCax)(Ti1-ySny)O3ceramics where 0.06 ≤ x ≤ 0.18 and 0.04 ≤ y ≤ 0.08 were prepared by conventional solid state reaction method followed by sintering at 1450 °C in air. Structural, dielectric, ferroelectric, pyroelectric, electrostrictive and piezoelectric properties were investigated. SEM micrographs show the evolution of dense homogeneous morphology for sintered BCST ceramics where grain size varies in the range of 1.79 μm–7.14 μm. Temperature dependent dielectric constant measurements in the temperature range (25 °C–150 °C) show improvement in dielectric properties along with the decrease in Curie temperature Tc of BCST ceramics with strengthening of BST terminal. The dielectric loss observed for all BCST samples was less than 3% and was minimum for BCST3 (0.013) possessing a stable ferroelectric phase at RT. Polarization-electric field(P-E) hysteresis was observed for BCST compositions exhibiting the transition of BCST system from hard to soft ferroelectric with increase in BST terminal. Significant decrease in coercive field value from 6.991 kV/cm to 2.398 kV/cm was observed. BCST3 has primary pyroelectric coefficient (p1) value of 0.488 C/m2K and hydrostatic electrostrictive coefficient (Qh) value of 0.0414 m4/C2was observed which is even higher than some lead-based materials. Other BCST compositions hold much higher Qh coefficient value making them useful in actuator device applications as electrostrictive material.

Effect of vent conditions on internal overpressure time-history during a vented explosion

Vented explosion experiments of ethylene-air mixtures were conducted in a custom-designed 2 × 1.2 × 0.6 m3 steel chamber under three vent conditions to study the effect of vent size and vent type on overpressure under different concentrations. The experiment results show that vented explosion behaviors are related to various vent conditions. The rupture pressure of vent film at different concentrations are the same with static vent pressure while the rupture pressure of vent panel increases as the concentration approaches the stoichiometric concentration. Double-peak pressure curves were recorded under small size vent conditions, while overpressure curves with only one peak were recorded under large size venting. Analysis indicates that the peak overpressure and rate of pressure increase under large size venting are mainly affected by the rupture pressure and the concentration of combustible gas, respectively. Moreover, secondary explosion, due to the backflow of external gas, will occur in high concentrations under large size vent conditions. In the case of small size vent condition, the value of first peak P1 is mainly determined by the rupture pressure, while the value of second peak P2, and the rates of increase to P1 and P2 are mainly affected by the concentration. There is a clear difference between the recorded values of P2 at two measurement points, which indicates that there is a pressure gradient induced by small size vent conditions due to the change of flow cross-section. This work provide a practical reference for the safety design of the explosion venting.

The comminution energy-size reduction of the Bond Mill and its relation to Vickers Hardness

The results of Bond Work index (BWi) tests of five materials with five closing screen size (P1) of 63o 500 µm are documented. These are normalized to eliminate the effect of material present finer than the closing screen sizes and test sample apparent densities. Analysis of normalized test results show, with a correlation factor R2 of 0.9956, that the revolutions required in all the Bond Work index mill tests conducted (29–419 revolutions) corresponds to a specific grinding energy per Bond Mill revolution of 0.0823 kWh/ton for a material corrected to a tapped apparent density of 1 t/m3 and for material present finer than the closing screen size. Conversion of this value to operation of the mill for the Bond Work index test results in a value of 194 ∗ 10−7 kWh/mill revolution.It is demonstrated that the indicated specific grinding energy of the Bond Mill revolution is not a precise value. An exponential function with a perfect correlation is presented relating the final required number of Bond Work index test mill revolutions required with the P1 values for sample materials tested.A perfect correlation with an exponential relation to the evolution of the specific grinding energy with change in closing screen size is presented. This relation is interpreted as a measure of the reduction in grinding efficiency with increase in fineness of grinding.It also shown that there is an exponential relation with a R2 correlation factor of 0.9900 between experimental specific grinding energy of a mono-mineralogical material normalized for <P1 content and apparent density to the root of its VH at a given P1. Most if not all the deviations between the calculated specific grinding energy based on P1 values and the sample Vickers Hardness correlates with the differences between the experimental and corrected mill revolutions applied to compensate for the <P1 fines contents of the test samples.

PENGARUH DIKLAT,KOMUNIKASI DAN KEPEMIMPINAN TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA KARYAWAN DI SATRIYA COTTAGES KUTA

One of many important factors that has a role in the activities of an institution is human resources. The results of analysis in this study shows that education and training, communication and leadership has positive as well as partial and simultaneous significant impact on employee productivity Satriya Cottages in Kuta. This can be seen in the results of multiple linear regression equations were obtained: Y = 5.221 + 0.297 X1 + 0.288 X2 + 0.266 X3, t count of 3.938; 2.863 and 2.102&gt; t Table at 1.6741, the value of p1 = 0.000, p2 = value value of 0.006 and p3 = 0.040 &lt;0.05, F count of 82.029&gt; F table at 3.1716 and sig.F of 0.000 &lt;0.05. Diklat most dominant influence on employee productivity Satriya Cottages in Kuta.

Effect of the Lattice and Spin-Phonon Contributions on the Temperature Behavior of the Ground State Splitting of Gd3+ in SrMoO4

The temperature behavior of the EPR spectra of the Gd3+ impurity center in single crystals of SrMoO4 in the temperature range T = 99–375 K is studied. The analysis of the temperature dependences of the spin Hamiltonian b 2 0 (T) = b2(F) + b2(L) and P 2 0 (T) = P2(F) + P2(L) (for Gd157) describing the EPR spectrum and contributing to the Gd3+ ground state splitting ΔE is carried out. In terms of the Newman model, the values of b2(L) and P2(L) depending on the thermal expansion of the static lattice are estimated; the b2(F) and P2(F) spin-phonon contributions determined by the lattice ion oscillations are separated. The analysis of b 2 0 (T) and P 2 0 (T) is evidence of the positive contribution of the spin-phonon interaction; the model of the local oscillations of the impurity cluster with close frequencies ω describes well the temperature behavior of b2(F) and P2(F).

Auditory system reorganization following cochlear implant in children with pre-lingual deafness

Objective: To evaluate the auditory system reorganization following Cochlear Implant (CI) in prelingually deaf children using Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials (CAEPs). Methods: This is an open label prospective longitudinal study conducted on prelingually deaf Persian children (n=20) who underwent CI in a CI center in Khuzestan, Iran during 2015 to 2016. The subjects (10 boys, 10 girls; mean age: 2.48 ± 1.05 y) with profound pre-lingual hearing loss participated in this study. The CAEPs in response to speech stimuli (/m/, /g/, and /t/) were recorded using a HEARLab system. In all subjects the P1 latency of CAEPs was comparatively measured at three intervals: The baseline before CI and at two follow up points at 3- and 6-month post CI. Results: The mean P1 values decreased with increasing time of implant use during the follow-up periods. The averaged P1 latency showed no significant difference between the different speech stimuli in all assessment intervals. Conclusion: Our findings showed that CI influences the auditory system which can be measured in CAEPs.

Refined expected value decision rules

We consider the difficult problem of choosing between alternatives where the payoffs for the alternatives are uncertain and modeled via discrete probability distributions. One popular approach for making a choice in this complex environment is to use the idea of expected value; we prefer alternatives with larger expected value. Here we suggest an approach for refining the calculation of the expected value to allow for the inclusion of a requirement that we prefer an alternative with payoff probability distribution P1 to an alternative with payoff probability distribution P2 by assuring that expected value of P1 is larger then the expected value of P2.

Corrigendum.

Corrigendum.

Synthesis, characterization and electrochemical properties of poly(phenoxy-imine)s containing peril and tert-butyl units

Schiff bases were obtained by condensation reactions of 2-aminophenol and 4-aminophenol with 4-isopropenylcyclohex-1-ene-1-carbaldehyde (peril aldehyde) and 3,5-di-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy benzaldehyde. Then, polymers of these compounds were prepared via oxidative polymerization method in THF in the presence of NaOCl as an oxidant. The structures of compounds were confirmed by some techniques such as FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and UV–vis. Moreover, cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to calculate the HOMO−LUMO energy levels and electrochemical band gaps (Eg′) of compounds. Electrochemical band gaps (Eg′) values of P1, P2, P3 and P4 polymers were found as 2.61, 2.65, 2.89 and 2.28eV, respectively. Furthermore, TGA and DSC were employed to determine thermal properties of the Schiff bases and polymers. The photoluminescence (PL) properties of polymers were also determined in DMSO. Then, we found that their number-average molecular weight (Mn), weight average molecular weight (Mw) as well as polydispersity index (PDI) values by the size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Finally, we carried out their solubility tests in acetone, THF, chloroform, acetonitrile, methanol, ethyl acetate, n-hexane and DMSO.

A Bond Work index mill ball charge and closing screen product size distributions for grinding crystalline grains

Ball mill charge size distributions originally specified for Bond grindability tests to determine the Bond Work index (BWi) are not commercially available. Those proposed to date do not match all of Bond's (1961) original specifications of total ball mass, number and surface area. An alternative mill ball charge is proposed that closely approximates Bond's original total ball mass, number of balls and ball surface area.Results of 30 Bond Work index tests of six pure materials (calcite, magnesite, labradorite (feldspar), quartz, andalusite and glass) using closing screen apertures (P1) values of 500, 250, 125, 90 and 63μm are analysed. The samples were selected on the basis of having distinct hardness's (Mohs hardness 3 to 7.5), being relatively free of crystallographic defects and having distinct cleavage properties The 80 percentile size of the fines produced (P80) concur with those of published values.The trend based of P80 values for P1 values of 150 to 44μm recommended by Bond poorly fit with published P1 values >250μm. It is demonstrated that the BWi test P1 values of mono-mineralogical or mono-material samples determines the P80 value obtained. Based on test results of this investigation a polynomial exponential equation relating P80 to P1 values with an R2 correlation factor of 0.9977 is presented. This relation is independent of the tested material hardness and crystallographic defects and planes of weakness.

Visual rehabilitation via microperimetry in patients with geographic atrophy: a pilot study

BackgroundAge-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness in the western world. As a consequence of AMD, patients develop structural damage that comprises the fovea and subsequently present loss of central vision, low visual acuity and unstable fixation. Contrary to what happens with anti-angiogenic treatment in neovascular AMD, there is currently no definitive treatment to reverse geographic atrophy progression. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the visual rehabilitation treatment via microperimetry in patients with geographic atrophy.MethodsLongitudinal and prospective study, 18 patients with areas of geographic atrophy in their eye of better visual acuity were included. Macular integrity assessment (Maia) microperimeter (CentreVue, Padova, Italy) was used to diagnose retinal fixation and sensitivity in these patients. Based on these data and using the training module available in the equipment, the patients underwent visual rehabilitation sessions intended to allow the patient to establish the best possible fixation in the best area of retinal sensitivity. To determine the training effectiveness, the following variables were compared before and after: visual acuity in LogMAR scale with ETDRS charts, reading speed with Minnesota Low-Vision Reading Test (MN Read), average sensitivity threshold in microperimetry; P1 and 95% Bivariate Contour Ellipse Area (BCEA) values were used for fixation stability measurement.ResultsMean age was 77 years old (65–92). Visual acuity of the trained eye was on average 0.7 versus 0.6 LogMAR (p = 0.006) before and one week after training. Reading speed, using both eyes, was 47 words per minute (wpm) before training and 69 wpm after training (p = 0.04). Average retinal sensitivity was 14.1 versus 14.6 db (p = 0.4). Fixation stability improved with P1 values of 45% versus 51% (p = 0.05) and 95% BCEA values of 43 versus 25 (p = 0.02) before and after training, respectively.ConclusionsVisual training via microperimetry in patients with age-related macular degeneration is effective in improving fixation stability, reading speed, and visual acuity, measured one week after training is completed.

Nonperturbative evolution of parton quasi-distributions

Using the formalism of parton virtuality distribution functions (VDFs) we establish a connection between the transverse momentum dependent distributions (TMDs) F(x,k⊥2) and quasi-distributions (PQDs) Q(y,p3) introduced recently by X. Ji for lattice QCD extraction of parton distributions f(x). We build models for PQDs from the VDF-based models for soft TMDs, and analyze the p3 dependence of the resulting PQDs. We observe a strong nonperturbative evolution of PQDs for small and moderately large values of p3 reflecting the transverse momentum dependence of TMDs. Thus, the study of PQDs on the lattice in the domain of strong nonperturbative effects opens a new perspective for investigation of the 3-dimensional hadron structure.

Normal values for microperimetry with the MAIA microperimeter: sensitivity and fixation analysis in healthy adults and children.

To establish normative values of retinal sensitivity and parameters describing the fixation pattern using macular analyzer integrity assessment (MAIA) microperimetry (Centervue, Padova, Italy) in adults and children. A sample of 237 eyes of 237 healthy subjects aged between 10 and 70 years (mean age 30.63 ± 16.23 years) was evaluated using the MAIA microperimeter. The following parameters provided by the MAIA device were evaluated: average threshold (AT), macular integrity, fixation indexes (P1% and P2%), bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA) for 95% and 63% of points, and horizontal (H) and vertical (V) axes of the ellipse of fixation. Differences between different age-related groups were evaluated. Correlation of microperimetric parameters with age was also assessed. Median retinal sensitivity of the overall sample was 32.90 dB (interquartile range 1.80 dB). Median P1 and P2 values were 98.00% (6.00) and 100.00% (1.00), respectively. Median BCEA for 95% and 63% of points were 2.40°2 (4.50) and 0.30°2 (0.50), respectively. Median H and V were 0.90° (0.80) and 0.90° (0.70), respectively. Age was significantly correlated with the following parameters in subjects from 21 to 70 years of age (p<0.01): AT (rho -0.47), P1 (rho -0.37), BCEA95 (rho 0.43), BCEA63 (rho 0.42), H (rho 0.43), and V (rho 0.40). Retinal sensitivity in healthy eyes tends to decrease with age as well as the stability of the pattern of fixation. A normative database in terms of retinal sensitivity threshold and fixation performance can be established in this type of eyes.

METERWAVELENGTH SINGLE-PULSE POLARIMETRIC EMISSION SURVEY. II. THE PHENOMENON OF DRIFTING SUBPULSES

ABSTRACT A large sample of pulsars was observed as part of the Meterwavelength Single-pulse Polarimetric Emission Survey. We carried out a detailed fluctuation spectral analysis that revealed periodic features in 46% of pulsars, including 22 pulsars where drifting characteristics were reported for the first time. The pulsar population can be categorized into three distinct groups: pulsars that show systematic drift motion within the pulse window, pulsars showing no systematic drift but periodic amplitude fluctuation, and pulsars with no periodic variations. We discovered the dependence of the drifting phenomenon on the spin-down energy loss ( E ˙ ), with the three categories occupying distinctly different regions along the E ˙ axis. The estimation of the drift periodicity (P 3) from the peak frequency in the fluctuation spectra is ambiguous due to the aliasing effect. However, using basic physical arguments we were able to determine P 3 in pulsars showing systematic drift motion. The estimated P 3 values in these pulsars were anti-correlated with E ˙ , which favored the partially screened gap model of the inner acceleration region in pulsars.

Reference Clinical Database for Fixation Stability Metrics in Normal Subjects Measured with the MAIA Microperimeter.

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to establish a normal reference database for fixation stability measured with the bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA) in the Macular Integrity Assessment (MAIA) microperimeter.MethodsSubjects were 358 healthy volunteers who had the MAIA examination. Fixation stability was assessed using two BCEA fixation indices (63% and 95% proportional values) and the percentage of fixation points within 1° and 2° from the fovea (P1 and P2). Statistical analysis was performed with linear regression and Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient.ResultsAverage areas of 0.80 deg2 (min = 0.03, max = 3.90, SD = 0.68) for the index BCEA@63% and 2.40 deg2 (min = 0.20, max = 11.70, SD = 2.04) for the index BCEA@95% were found. The average values of P1 and P2 were 95% (min = 76, max = 100, SD = 5.31) and 99% (min = 91, max = 100, SD = 1.42), respectively. The Pearson's product moment test showed an almost perfect correlation index, r = 0.999, between BCEA@63% and BCEA@95%. Index P1 showed a very strong correlation with BCEA@63%, r = −0.924, as well as with BCEA@95%, r = −0.925. Index P2 demonstrated a slightly lower correlation with both BCEA@63% and BCEA@95%, r = −0.874 and −0.875, respectively.ConclusionsThe single parameter of the BCEA@95% may be taken as accurately reporting fixation stability and serves as a reference database of normal subjects with a cutoff area of 2.40 ± 2.04 deg2 in MAIA microperimeter.Translational RelevanceFixation stability can be measured with different indices. This study originates reference fixation values for the MAIA using a single fixation index.