Values Of Flow Parameters Research Articles

Comparative study of different dosages of grain-sized moxibustion on uterine artery blood flow in patients with cold and dampness primary dysmenorrhea.

To observe the differences in the effects of different dosages of grain-sized moxibustion on uterine artery blood flow in patients with cold and dampness primary dysmenorrhea (PD). A total of 60 patients with PD were randomly divided into 3 groups with 20 cases in each group. Acupoints Sanyinjiao (SP6), Diji (SP8) and Xuehai (SP10) were selected in all the 3 groups, and different dosages of grain-sized moxibustion were used (3 moxa cones, 6 moxa cones, 9 moxa cones) respectively. Treatment started 7 days before menstruation for 3 times, lasting for a total of 3 menstrual cycles. The values of uterine artery blood flow parameters including pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), and systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D) were recorded before and after treatment. The visual analog scale (VAS) score and cox menstrual symptom scale (CMSS) score (including severity ［CMSS-S］ and time of duration ［CMSS-T］) were evaluated before treatment, at the end of each menstrual cycle, and one menstrual cycle after treatment. The values of uterine artery blood flow parameters (PI, RI, S/D) after treatment in the 9 moxa cones group were lower than those before treatment, as well as lower than those in the 3 and 6 moxa cones groups after treatment (P<0.05). The VAS scores of the 3 moxa cones group were lower than those before treatment in the first and second cycle (P<0.05). The VAS scores of the 6 and 9 moxa cones groups were lower than those before treatment at each observation point (P<0.05), and were lower than those of the 3 moxa cones group in the third cycle of treatment and follow-up period (P<0.05). And the VAS score of the 9 moxa cones group was lower than that of the 6 moxa cones group during the follow-up period (P<0.05). Compared with the scores before treatment, the CMSS-T scores at each observation point after treatment were lower in the 9 moxa cones group (P<0.05)；the CMSS-T scores in the second and third cycle after treatment, and follow-up period were lower in the 6 moxa cones group (P<0.05), with the CMSS-S scores in the second and third cycle after treatment, and follow-up period lower in the 6 and 9 moxa cones groups (P<0.05). The CMSS-T and CMSS-S scores of the 6 and 9 moxa cones groups were lower than those of the 3 moxa cones group in the third cycle and follow-up period (P<0.05). The CMSS-T and CMSS-S scores of the 9 moxa cones group were lower than those of the 6 moxa cones group during the follow-up period (P<0.05). Grain-Sized moxibustion has dose-effect relationship in the treatment of PD. Compared with 3 and 6 moxa cones groups, 9 moxa cones group has advantages in improving uterine artery blood flow parameters and alleviating dysmenorrhea symptoms in PD patients.

Consequences of Thermal Diffusion and Chemical Reaction on Mixed Convection MHD Casson Fluid through Porous Media with Inclined Plates

In this present article, we analyzed the effects of Thermal diffusion and chemical reaction on nonlinear mixed convection MHD flow of viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting fluid past an inclined porous channel under the influence of thermal radiation and chemical reaction. The transformed conservation equations are solved analytically subject to physically appropriate boundary conditions by using two term perturbation technique. The numerical values of fluid velocity, fluid temperature and species concentration are displayed graphically whereas those of skin friction coefficient, rate of heat transfer and rate of mass transfer at the plate are presented in tabular form for various values of pertinent flow parameters. It is observed that the velocity is decreased with increasing magnetic field parameter. The resultant velocity and concentration has enhances with increasing thermal diffusion parameters. The study is relevant to chemical materials processing applications.

Magneto Hydrodynamic Effects on Unsteady Free Convection Casson Fluid Flow Past on Parabolic Accelerated Vertical Plate with Thermal Diffusion

The free convection MHD flow of a viscous, chemically reactive, electrically conducted, incompressible, and Casson fluid past a parabolically accelerated vertical plate was examined in the present article along with the transfer of the heat &amp; mass in the incidence of thermal radiation. The inverse Laplace method is used to resolve the dimensionless equations. The concentration and temperature fields, axial and transverse velocity are examined for distinct parameters like the (Casson fluid), Sc (Schmidt number), Gr (thermal Grashof number), Pr (Prandtl number), and Gm (mass Grashof number). Utilizing the temperature of fluid and concentration of species as a solution is also proposed. Graphical representations of the fluctuations in temperature of fluid and velocity along species concentration are provided for several values of relevant flow parameters.

Heat exchange under the longitudinal movement of wet steam in finning heat exchangers

The paper is devoted to the study on hydrodynamics and heat exchange of two-phase medium. While designing technological equipment, when the wet steam is used as the operating medium, the features of the interaction between liquid drops and the heat exchange surface are not considered in most cases. In full, this applies to steam turbines operating on the wet steam whose moisture content depends on the primary and secondary removal of liquid drops from the separation blocks. Purpose. Improving the method of calculation of recuperative heat exchangers, if wet steam is used as the operating medium. Methodology. It is based on the analysis of the physical model of moving the two-phase medium in the heat and mass exchange conditions, considering the design characteristics of the heat transfer surface. Findings. The correlation of critical values of two-phase flow parameters was obtained to determine the lower boundary of the process of plucking the drops from the liquid film depending on the irrigation density, geometric characteristics of the channel and physical properties of the liquid and gas. Correlations were obtained for pipes with longitudinal finning as the Π-shaped profile, based on which we recommend optimizing the geometric characteristics of longitudinal finning. Originality. Determining the limit modes of secondary removal formation during the movement of a two-phase medium in separation devices and the features of heat and mass transfer of wet steam in finning recuperative heat exchangers. Practical value. The presented results make it possible to optimize the design of recuperative heat exchangers with longitudinal Π-shaped finning.

Numerical simulation of entropy generation in thermo-magnetic convection in an inverted T-shaped porous enclosure under thermal radiation

PurposeThermo-magnetic convective flow analysis under the impact of thermal radiation for heat and entropy generation phenomena is an active research field for understanding the efficiency of thermodynamic systems in various engineering sectors. This study aims to examine the characteristics of convective heat transport and entropy generation within an inverted T-shaped porous enclosure saturated with a hybrid nanofluid under the influence of thermal radiation and magnetic field.Design/methodology/approachThe mathematical model incorporates the Darcy-Forchheimer-Brinkmann model and considers thermal radiation in the energy balance equation. The complete mathematical model has been numerically simulated through the penalty finite element approach at varying values of flow parameters, such as Rayleigh number (Ra), Hartmann number (Ha), Darcy number (Da), radiation parameter (Rd) and porosity value (e). Furthermore, the graphical results for energy variation have been monitored through the energy-flux vector, whereas the entropy generation along with its individual components, namely, entropy generation due to heat transfer, fluid friction and magnetic field, are also presented. Furthermore, the results of the Bejan number for each component are also discussed in detail. Additionally, the concept of ecological coefficient of performance (ECOP) has also been included to analyse the thermal efficiency of the model.FindingsThe graphical analysis of results indicates that higher values of Ra, Da, e and Rd enhance the convective heat transport and entropy generation phenomena more rapidly. However, increasing Ha values have a detrimental effect due to the increasing impact of magnetic forces. Furthermore, the ECOP result suggests that the rising value of Da, e and Rd at smaller Ra show a maximum thermal efficiency of the mathematical model, which further declines as the Ra increases. Conversely, the thermal efficiency of the model improves with increasing Ha value, showing an opposite trend in ECOP.Practical implicationsSuch complex porous enclosures have practical applications in engineering and science, including areas like solar power collectors, heat exchangers and electronic equipment. Furthermore, the present study of entropy generation would play a vital role in optimizing system performance, improving energy efficiency and promoting sustainable engineering practices during the natural convection process.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first ever attempted detailed investigation of heat transfer and entropy generation phenomena flow parameter ranges in an inverted T-shaped porous enclosure under a uniform magnetic field and thermal radiation.

REPERCUSSIONS OF DIFFUSION-THERMO AND THERMO-DIFFUSION WITH CHEMICALLY REACTING MHD MIXED CONVECTIVE FLOW PAST A PLATE

A perusal of mixed convective MHD stream past a permeable upright flat plate inundated in a pervious medium has been dispensed. Accentuation has been specified to the interpretation of thermo-diffusion (Soret) and diffusion-thermo (Dufour) sequels in companionship with chemical reaction. For solving non-dimensional form of governing equations, numerical technique has been employed. The consequences of relevant physical parameters are sensational. The profiles of velocity, temperature and concentration are manifested graphically for disparate values of flow parameters. The enhancement of magnetic parameter diminishes the velocity curve which exhibits conformity with physical situation. Also, the relevant substantial quantities have been graphically discussed for possible cases.

Electro-osmotic effect on the heat and mass transfer of a viscoelastic nanofluid flow in a curved channel

For the past two decades, nanofluids have become the interest of researchers and engineers because of their thermo-physical features. The aim of the current investigation is to investigate the thermal behavior of peristaltically supporting viscoelastic tiny particles endorsed by electro-osmotic force. The Debye-Huckel linearization scheme and zero Reynolds assumptions are used to simplify the governing equations. The current formulation deals with the peristaltic motion of nanofluid in a two-dimensional curved channel. The complex arrangement of sinusoidal waves is used to enhance the pumping performance at the boundary walls. In the present analysis, the Buongiorno formulation is used for nanofluids. The Jeffrey fluid model is used in the current study as a viscoelastic fluid due to its both viscous and elastic features. The numerical solution is obtained using the NDsolve procedure. The graphs of flow features, such as stream function, axial velocity, temperature field, mass concentration, and electric potential function are plotted for various rheological parameters. Quantitative results related to the heat transfer coefficient and Sherwood number for different values of flow parameters are also provided. The asymmetry nature is observed in the diagram of axial velocity due to the curved shape of the flow regime. The mass concentration is enhanced (reduced) by aggregating thermal (Brownian) motion parameter. The temperature and mass concentration are enhanced by increasing Prandtl and Eckert numbers. Comparison between Newtonian and viscoelastic model is also argued in the current formulation. This study gives information of biological fluids flow relevance to micro-medical devices, nanoscale devices, electro-osmotic separation devices and complex pumps via peristaltic pumping.

Hall current, radiation absorption, and diffusion thermoeffects on unsteady MHD rotating chemically reactive second‐grade fluid flow past a porous inclined plate in the presence of an aligned magnetic field, thermal radiation, and chemical reaction

AbstractIn this paper, we analyze the effects of Hall current, radiation absorption and diffusion thermo on unsteady magnetohydromagnetic free convection flow of a viscous incompressible electrically conducting and chemically reacting second‐grade fluid past an inclined porous plates in the presence of an aligned magnetic field, thermal radiation, and chemical reaction. An exact analytical solution of the governing equations for fluid velocity, fluid temperature, and species concentration subject to appropriate initial and boundary conditions is obtained using the perturbation technique. Expressions for shear stress, rate of heat transfer, and rate of mass transfer at the plate are derived. The numerical values of primary and secondary fluid velocities, fluid temperature and species concentration are displayed graphically, whereas those of shear stress and rate of mass transfer at the plate are presented in tabular form for various values of pertinent flow parameters. In addition, the skin friction on the boundary, the heat flux expressed in terms of the Nusselt number, and the rate of mass transfer described in the Sherwood number are all derived, and their behavior is studied computationally. It can be deduced that an increase in radiation absorption and hall current parameters over the fluid region increases the velocity produced. The resulting velocity continually increases to a very high level, with contributions coming from thermal and solutal buoyancy forces. Skin friction may decrease by manipulating the rotation parameter, but the Hall effect can worsen it. When the parameter for the chemical reaction increases, there is a concomitant rise in the mass transfer rate.

Mechanism of transition between separated and non-separated oil-water flows in inclined pipe

The analysis of drop formation and the transition between separated and non-separated oil–water flows enables us to better regulate flow parameters and pipe inclination angle, which is of great significance for improving the efficiency of oil transportation. Previous studies mainly carried out qualitative analysis through experiments and studied the transition between separated flows, very few studies are conducted on the transition between separated flow and dual continuous flow or intermittent flow. In addition, the influence of pipe inclination angle was not considered in the study of drop formation, which results in inadequate force analysis of drop. This article presents the use of dimensionless numbers to predict the transition between separated flow and dual continuous flow or intermittent flow. The relation expression between dimensionless numbers is obtained by regression of experimental data. The critical values of flow parameters and pipe inclination angle can be calculated by the relation expression between dimensionless numbers and flow parameters. In addition, this article proposes a three-dimensional interfacial wave shear deformation mechanism by adding volume forces to the force analysis for the possible inclined pipe. The prediction equation is obtained and the critical value of flow parameters and pipe inclination angle for drop formation can be calculated, which are in good agreement with the experimental data.

Evaluation of fetal cardiac function in fetal growth restriction via fetal HQ analysis based on two-dimensional STI.

Abnormalities of the fetal cardiovascular system caused by fetal growth restriction (FGR) may lead to adverse outcomes. The fetal cardiac function assessment is of great significance for treatment selection and prognostic evaluation of fetuses with FGR. This study aimed to explore the value of fetal HQ analysis based on speckle tracking imaging (STI) to evaluate the global and regional cardiac function of fetuses with early-onset or late-onset FGR. From June 2020 to November 2022, 30 pregnant women with early-onset FGR (21-38 gestational weeks) and 30 pregnant women with late-onset FGR (21-38 gestational weeks) in the Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Maternal and Child Health Hospital were enrolled. Also, 60 healthy volunteer pregnant women were enrolled as two control groups according to the principle of matching gestational weeks (21-38 gestational weeks). The fetal cardiac functions, including fetal cardiac global spherical index (GSI), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), fractional area change (FAC) of both ventricles, global longitudinal strain (GLS) of both ventricles, 24-segmental fractional shortening (FS), 24-segmental end-diastolic ventricular diameter (EDD), and 24-segmental spherical index (SI), were assessed using fetal HQ. The standard biological values of fetuses and Doppler blood flow parameters of fetuses and mothers were measured. The estimated fetal weight (EFW) measured by the last prenatal ultrasound was calculated, and the weights of newborns were followed up. Among early FGR, late FGR and total control group, significant differences were found in global cardiac indexes of right ventricle (RV), left ventricle (LV) and GSI. For the segmental cardiac indexes, there are significant differences in three groups except parameter of LVSI. Compared with the control group at the same gestational week, the Doppler indexes including MCAPI and CPR in both the early-onset FGR group and the late-onset FGR group were significantly different. The intra- and inter-observer correlation coefficients of RV FAC, LV FAC, RV GLS, and LV GLS were good. Further, the intra- and inter-observer variability in FAC and GLS was small, as analyzed using the Bland-Altman scatter plot. Fetal HQ software based on STI showed that FGR affected the global and segmental cardiac function of both ventricles. FGR no matter early-onset or late-onset altered Doppler indexes significantly. The FAC and the GLS had satisfactory repeatability in evaluating fetal cardiac function.

Phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging in evaluation of hydrocephalus in pediatric patients

BackgroundHydrocephalus is an increase in cerebrospinal fluid volume leading to cerebral ventricular enlargement (ventriculomegaly). Phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging is a sensitive technique to cerebrospinal fluid flow allowing noninvasive quantitative and qualitative evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid flow.AimThe purpose of our study was to assess the role of cerebrospinal fluid flowmetry using phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging in evaluation of hydrocephalus in pediatric patients.MethodsThis prospective study included a group of 50 patients with ventriculomegaly diagnosed by a previous magnetic resonance imaging study. A control group of 20 subjects of matched age group were also included. All the participants were subjected to cerebrospinal fluid flow study.ResultsAfter quantitative assessment of cerebrospinal fluid flow at aqueduct level, the mean values of flow and velocity parameters were compared in both patients and control groups. The mean values in patients with aqueduct stenosis and Dandy–Walker malformation were significantly lower than those of the control group (no flow with hypodynamic circulation) with p < 0.001, < 0.017 for mean velocity, respectively, the mean values in patients with brain atrophy and Arnold–Chiari malformation, bilateral obstructive hydrocephalus at foramen of Monro were significantly lower than those of the control group (diminished flow with hypodynamic circulation) with p < 0.001, < 0.001, 0.046 for mean velocity, respectively, and 0.002, 0.001, 0.160 for stroke volume, respectively, the mean values in patients with communicating hydrocephalus and unilateral obstructive hydrocephalus at foramen of Monro were significantly higher than those of the control group (hyperdynamic flow) with p < 0.001 for mean velocity and stroke volume, and the mean values in patients with arachnoid cysts were within normal as compared to control group (normal dynamic flow).ConclusionPhase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging is a noninvasive technicality used for evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid flow both qualitatively and quantitatively for determining the type of hydrocephalus seen.

Rotation, electromagnetic field, and variable thermal conductivity effects on free convection flow past an eternity vertical porous plate

AbstractThe present research may facilitate the reduction of the number of conversion steps required to include the low output voltages in an electrokinetic biomass process. Variable thermal conductivity and electroosmosis flow have already established great potential in the thermo‐elastic models of various manufacturing industries and have been widely used in energy technologies. As a result, the current framework investigates the characteristics of natural convection flow with the influence of variable thermal conductivity and electroosmosis over an eternity vertical porous plate. Coriolis forces and Hall current effects are considered in the momentum equations, and also thermal radiation and variable thermal conductivity are taken as energy equations. A linear chemical reaction parameter is used in the concentration equation. The equation of Poisson–Boltzmann is exploited to depict the electric potential characteristics within the accelerated plate medium. The pdepe command in Matlab software is used to figure out the numerical solutions to equations about momentum, energy, and concentration. The expressions of fluid transverse velocity, fluid axial velocity, fluid temperature, and concentration profiles are presented as numerical results and also derived vital relevant stream parameters diagrammatically, whereas the numerical values of primary skin friction, secondary skin friction, and Nusselt number are presented in tabular form for various values of pertinent flow parameters. The temperature rises as the strength of the thermal conductivity variable parameter increases. Also, as the values of the Taylor number and the thermal conductivity variable parameter go up, the primary velocity goes down. Similarly, secondary velocity increases in the opposite direction as the Taylor number and thermal conductivity variable parameter increase.

Mechanisms of the ascites volume differences between patients receiving a left or right hemi-liver graft liver transplantation: From biofluidic analysis

Background and objectivePost-transplant refractory ascites (RA) is common in patients receiving living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) using a left hemi-liver graft than in those using a right hemi-liver graft. However, there is currently no clear mechanism explaining the effect of grafts on ascites drainage. The purpose of this study is to analyze the values of blood flow parameters in the portal vein under different grafts using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to interpret the relationship between portal pressure values with ascites drainage. MethodsIn this work, ascites drainage was counted in 30 patients who underwent left-sided liver transplantation and 26 patients who underwent right-sided liver transplantation. The portal vein flow models of the transplanted liver under different flow rates were established based on computed tomography (CT) images and finite element theory. Ascites drainage and blood flow parameters were qualitatively compared. ResultsThe results show that the ascites drained from patients who received LDLT with a left hemi-liver is three times as that with a right hemi-liver. The simulation results show that the coefficient of the pressure-velocity curve of the left-liver is 1.7 times of the right-liver under the same hydrodynamic conditions, which qualitatively agrees with the clinical data. Moreover, the streamline of the transplanted left liver shows more vortexes compared with the right liver, which is a major reason for the left liver's higher pressure value. ConclusionThis clinical phenomenon is reproduced and comprehensively explained by the hemodynamic parameters of the portal vein. This work establishes the relationship between portal pressure values and floating water drainage, and offers a new way for physicians to predict postoperative risks intuitively.

Temperature Dependence on Transient Hydrodynamic Gravity Driven Flow Down an Inclined Plane

Transient hydrodynamic gravity driven flow of a viscous incompressible fluid down an inclined plane occupying a semi-infinite region of space bounded by an infinite hot plate is studied. The effect of modified Froude number plays an important role in determining the flow situation. Exact solution is obtained by employing Laplace transform method. This problem is concerned with a car – following theory subjected to traffic flow with a decisive importance to a variation of depth with a slope leading to a flood wave. A reducible influence of a frictional drag has an active influence to the flow reversal characteristics with time variation satisfying the separation due to the existance of a modified Froude number. The stabitity of a roll wave is determined by the critical Froude number in a time varying flow. Numerical results of velocity distributions and frictional shear stress are depicted graphically for different values of flow parameters. Numerical results of a critical Froude number are presented in tables. Temperature analysis has been presented analytically with a view to point out the expression of Nusselt number at the plate.

Hall, Soret, and rotational effects on unsteady MHD rotating flow of a second-grade fluid through a porous medium in the presence of chemical reaction and aligned magnetic field

The effects of Hall current, rotation and Soret effects on an unsteady MHD free convection heat and mass transfer flow of a viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting fluid past an inclined plate embedded in a porous medium in the presence of chemical reaction and an aligned magnetic field are investigated. An exact analytical solution of the governing equations for fluid velocity, fluid temperature, and species concentration subject to appropriate initial and boundary conditions is obtained using the perturbation technique. Expressions for shear stress, rate of heat transfer and rate of mass transfer at the plate are derived for both ramped temperature and isothermal plates. The numerical values of primary and secondary fluid velocities, fluid temperature and species concentration are displayed graphically, whereas those of shear stress and rate of mass transfer at the plate are presented in tabular form for various values of pertinent flow parameters. It is concluded that, the resultant velocity is increased with an increasing in Hall and Soret parameters throughout fluid region. The thermal and solutal buoyancy forces contribute to the resultant velocity ever-increasing to high. The temperature distribution is trim downs through an increasing in heat source parameter. The concentration is reduced with an increase in the chemical reaction parameter in the entire fluid region. Concentration buoyancy force, hall current, and Prandtl number have tendency to reduce in skin friction whereas permeability of the porous medium, Rotation, chemical reaction, Soret number, thermal buoyancy force and mass diffusion have reverse effect on it.

Establishment of Impulsive and Accelerated Motions of Casson Fluid in an Inclined Plate in the Proximity of MHD and Heat Generation

This article is committed to examine the unsteady MHD Casson liquid flow in an inclined infinite vertical plate in the proximity of heat generation and thermal radiation. The governing energy and momentum partial differential equations are ascertained. The momentum equation is established for two distinct types of conditions when the magnetic domain is relevant to the liquid and the magnetic domain is relevant to the moving plate. Analytical expressions for liquid temperature and motion are acquired by applying Laplace transform technique. The effects of physical parameters are accounted for two distinct types of motions namely impulsive motion and accelerated motion. The numerical values of liquid motion and temperature are displayed graphically for various values of pertinent flow parameters. A particular case of our development shows an excellent compromise with the previous consequences in the literature.

Prognostic value of colour Doppler brain sonography for the neurodevelopmental outcome in term neonates with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy.

Aim To determine a prognostic value of cerebral blood flow parameters for the development of neurological sequelae in term neonates with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methods We reviewed medical records of 47 term neonates with HIE who survived until the age of 12 months of life. According to the Sarnat and Sarnat clinical score, neonates were divided into 3 groups: mild HIE, moderate HIE and severe HIE. All included neonates had the colour Doppler brain sonography performed in the first 24 hours of life. The neurological assessment was done at the age of 12 months of life by using the Denver Developmental Screening Test (DDST). Logic regression analysis was performed using the colour doppler brain sonography parameters with the development of neurological impairment as the primary outcome. Results Out of 47 neonates, 19 (40.4%) were with mild, 17 (36.2%) with moderate and 11 (23.4%) with severe HIE. The values of cerebral blood flow parameters and resistance index (RI) significantly correlated with the neurological impairment at the age of 12 months of life (p<0.001). The limit value of RI indicating the poor neurodevelopmental outcome was 0.81, sensitivity 80%, specificity 85.3%, positive predictive value 52.2% and negative predictive value 95.2%. Conclusion The cerebral blood flow parameters measured with colour doppler brain sonography are good indicators of the severity of HIE and later neurodevelopmetal outcome.

HYDROMAGNETIC FLOW OF DUSTY FLUID WITH HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER PAST A STRETCHING CURVED SURFACE IN A POROUS MEDIUM

A steady two-phase fluid flow over a curved elongating sheet with dust particles has been scrutinized. Influence of volume fraction, applied magnetic field, buoyancy-driven force on the flow over a porous medium has been studied. Using similarity transformations, multivariable functions having partial derivatives in the problem for both fluid and dust phases are transmuted into ordinary differential equations. Then, emerging non-linear differential equations are formulated numerically by employing MATLAB built-in bvp4c solver scheme. Shapes of momentum, thermal and mass boundary layers have been shown by graphical forms for various values of flow parameters. Friction factor, heat and mass transfer rates are calculated and given in tabular forms.

Numerical Case Study of Chemical Reaction Impact on MHD Micropolar Fluid Flow Past over a Vertical Riga Plate.

The purpose of this article is to investigate the mass and heat transport phenomena associated with micropolar fluid flow created by a vertically stretched Riga surface. This is constructed using an array of irregular electrodes and permanent magnets that are oriented spanwise. Additionally, we investigate the particles’ micro rotational impacts. Furthermore, the flow behaviour of the modeled problem has been numerically calculated with bvp4c solver and the obtained results are presented graphically. Numerical data are used to illustrate physical parameters such as skin friction, Nusselt, and Sherwood numbers. For precise values of different flow parameters, the characteristics of fluid velocity, angular velocity, temperature, and concentration gradients are investigated graphically. The flowing parallel to the Riga plate in a positive –path is aided by Lorentz forces introduced into the flowing simulation by the electro-magnetic poles of the Riga plate, which produces a rapidity greater than the inner speed. It is confirmed that the numerical calculations fit well with the results of earlier published investigations. Due to the participation of the Riga plate, the updated Hartmann number has a considerable effect on flow profiles.

A STEADY CASSON FLUID FLOW PAST A STRETCHING POROUS SURFACE IN PRESENCE OF HEAT SOURCE AND CHEMICAL REACTION

In this problem a steady Casson fluid flow past an exponentially stretching porous surface is considered with Suction/blowing. Here a uniform magnetic field is applied in the transverse direction to the flow. The governing partial differential equations are reduced to a set of non-linear ordinary differential equations which are further solved numerically with the help of Matlab Build BVP4C technique. Results are discussed with the help of graphs and tables for various values of flow parameters. A special emphasize is given in the effect of Casson fluid parameter on fluid velocity, heat and mass transfer rate of the system.