Body Length Values Research Articles

Çeşitli Donlardaki Türk Alaca Atlarının Vücut Ölçülerinin Parametrik Olmayan İstatistik Yöntemler İle İncelenmesi

In this study, the colour factor of Turkish Spotted horses, the effects on various body measurements were investigated by using nonparametric tests. Kruskal-Wallis, median and Joncheer-Terpstra test was applied from non-parametric statistical methods. According to the Kruskal-Wallis test, statistically significant difference was found in the values of wither height, body length and front shank circumference (P<0.05). According to the median test, statistically significant difference was found in the values of the body length (P<0.01), chest circumference and front shank circumference (P<0.05). Body length values were found as statistically significant difference between Doru Alaca with Alaca Doru, Alaca Yagiz, Kircil Yagiz Alaca, Kula Alaca (P<0.05) and Yagiz Alaca horses in Kruskal-Wallis test results (P<0.01). Front shank circumference values were found as statistically significant differences between Doru Alaca with Alaca Doru, Alaca Yagiz, Yagiz Alaca horses and Kula Alaca with Alaca Doru, Alaca Yagiz and Yagiz Alaca horses, according to Kruskal-Wallis tests (P<0.05). Wither height values were found statistically significant differences between Doru Alaca with Alaca Yagiz, Kircil Yagiz Alaca (P<0.05) and Yagiz Alaca horses, according to Kruskal-Wallis test (P<0.01). It was emerged Doru Alaca horses create more differences than other horses in means of Wither height, chest circumference, body length and front shank circumference values

Morphological characterization of indigenous sheep in Southern Regional State, Ethiopia

Information on morphological characteristics is a prerequisite to sustainable breed improvement, utilization and conservation. The present study was initiated to describe the physical and morphological characteristics of indigenous sheep reared in Sidama-Gedeo, Kembata Tembaro-Hadiya, Gurage-Silte, Gamogofa and Wolaita zones of Southern Regional State of Ethiopia. Data on the assessment of qualitative characters and linear body measurements were obtained from a total of 3966 sheep that were drawn from 928 households. The results indicated that the most common tail form in the Sidama-Gedeo, Kembata Tembaro-Hadiya, Gurage-Silte and Wolaita sheep was of long fat type ending with a straight tip, whereas that of Gamogofa sheep was long thin tail ending with a curve tip. Hair coat colour pattern was mainly plain followed by patchy. The common hair of sheep in all studied zones was short and smooth. Sheep from Sidama-Gedeo, Kembata Tembaro-Hadiya and Gurage-Silte were devoid of wattle and ruff. Rams of Gurage-Silte and Wolaita had higher (P &lt; 0.05) body weight values than those of other locations. Ewes of Sidama-Gedeo and Wolaita had relatively high (P &lt; 0.05) body weight, whereas those of Gurage-Silte, Gamogofa and Wolaita had significantly high chest girth values. Gurage-Silte and Gamogofa rams had large (P &lt; 0.05) chest girth values. The height at withers was high (P &lt; 0.05) for both sexes in Sidama-Gedeo, Kembata Tembaro-Hadiya and Wolaita sheep. The highest body length was obtained from Wolaita rams, followed by Gamogofa and Kembata Tembaro-Hadiya rams, whereas the lowest body length was obtained from Gurage-Silte rams. Ewes of Sidama-Gedeo had higher (P &lt; 0.05) body length values than those of other zones. The dendrogram indicated a close association among the sheep of Kembata Tembaro-Hadiya, Gurage-Silte and Sidama-Gedeo. However, sheep in Wolaita and Gamogofa were more distantly associated with those of the three zones. It can be concluded that the sheep in the study zones may possess unique adaptive features useful in designing sustainable sheep improvement strategies. However, a molecular-based genetic assessment of the population structure found in the study region might be given due consideration.

Spatial–temporal variation ofAchiruslarvae (Actinopterygii: Achiridae) in mangrove, beach and reef habitats in north-eastern Brazil

The genusAchirusis made up of demersal fish that have a close relationship with the substrate and exhibit peculiar aspects during their larval stage. The aim of the present study was to determine whether the abundance ofAchiruslarvae differed among a set of habitats in the estuary of the Formoso River in the State of Pernambuco (north-eastern Brazil). Sampling was performed monthly between April 2009 and March 2010, and comprised horizontal hauls with plankton net during the day and night in mangrove, beach and reef habitats. Fish larvae were sorted, identified, measured and larval stage recorded. Density and body length values were used in a non-parametric analysis of variance for the determination of variations between seasons, habitats and diel periods. A total of 204 larvae were collected, with an average density of 2.1 larvae.100 m−3. Density was greater in the nocturnal samplings, with no differences found between habitats. The larvae occurred in the yolk-sac to post-flexion stage, with pre-flexion the most abundant stage (78%). Size segregation was observed. Larger larvae were captured at night and in the mangrove. The smallest larvae were caught on the reef, with length increasing toward the mangrove. The results indicate thatAchiruslarvae come from deeper regions near reefs, where spawning probably occurs, and perform ontogenetic migration towards the shallow waters of mangrove, where they settle.

A novel polymorphism of GDF5 gene and its association with body measurement traits in Bos taurus and Bos indicus breeds

Body measurement traits, influenced by genes and environmental factors, play numerous important roles in the value assessment of productivity and economy. Growth differentiate factor 5 (GDF5), involved in the development and maintenance of bone and cartilage, is an important candidate gene for body measurement traits selection through marker-assisted selection (MAS). In this study, based on the PCR-RFLP technology, we discovered and evaluated the potential association of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (T586C in exon 1) of the bovine GDF5 gene with body measurement traits in 985 Bos taurus breed, 42 Bos indicus breed and 76 Bos indicus x Bos taurus individuals. As the SNP marker, there were the significant effects on the Body length (BL) in the Bos taurus (BT) and Bos indicus x Bos taurus (BMY) populations (P < 0.05). In BT population, animals with the genotype TT had lower mean values for BL and Hip width (HW) than these with the TC and CC genotype (P < 0.01). In BMY population, animals with the genotype TC had lower mean values for BL than these with the genotype CC (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the SNP of the GDF5 gene could be a very useful genetic marker for body measurement traits in the bovine reproduction and breeding.

Some reactions of Ips typographus (L.) (Col.: Scolytidae) to changing breeding conditions in a forest decline area in the Sudeten Mountains, Poland

Investigations on I. typographus populations were conducted in 1992–1994 in the Sudeten (south-western Poland), in Norway spruce stands that were devastated previously by insect outbreaks and that exhibited severe forest decline. Crown defoliation and the volume of infested trees per hectare were used as indices of stand health and breeding conditions; variability in the infestation density, gallery length, and body length of beetles were parameters that were used to estimate the response of I. typographus populations to changing stand conditions. In stands located in the zone above 800 m a.s.l. where both the level defoliation and tree mortality were higher, the infestation density and body length of I. typographus were higher than in the zone below 800 m a.s.l., where stands were less damaged. Contrarily, the gallery length was higher in lower montane zone, where lower infestation densities and body length values were found. A proposed mechanism for this interaction, which is attributed mainly to better breeding conditions for I. typographus populations in weakened stands, is presented and discussed.

Genetic variance of weight and length in infant twins.

A population-based cohort of 166 twin pairs (67 monozygotic and 99 dizygotic) born at the Jackson Memorial Hospital/University of Miami Medical Center, from July 1, 1976 to December 31, 1980 was identified. Body weight and length were measured at 14 days and at one, three, six, nine, and 12 months of age. Statistically significant genetic variance was found for both body weight and length at each data point. Heritability for body weight increased from 0.28 at 14 days to 0.64 at one year. Corresponding values for body length were 0.16 and 0.48.

Effect of socioeconomic status on body length of Pakistani infants during first year of life.

The object of this paper is to study the growth pattern of body length of Pakistani infants belonging to different socioeconomic groups. A total of 916 infants born in various hospitals and who had no congenital abnormalities were included in the study. Body length was recorded within 24 hours of birth and every 30 + or - 2 days thereafter in a longitudinal fashion throughout the 1st year of life. Results show that male infants were taller than females at all ages. Statistical analysis of the data indicate that irrespective of sex infants belonging to high socioeconomic status had significantly (P0.01) greater length than those of medium and low socioeconomic status and infants belonging to medium socioeconomic status were significantly (P0.01) longer than those of the low socioeconomic group. Rate of increase in length was slightly better than the Harvard standard during the 1st 5 months. However later growth curves of Pakistani infants ran in between the 3rd and 50th percentiles of the Harvard standard. It is suggested that the values for body length of local infants belonging to high socioeconomic status may be adopted as local standards for the 1st 12 months of life.