Value Life Research Articles

Values-based Physical Education for the intermediate schooling phase in a diverse South African context

Participation in physical activity, Physical Education (PE) and sport has been recognised as a powerful learning tool for education, providing a universal language for contributing to valuable life principles. Values-based education implies that learners are educated about the aspects determining their behaviour. Values-based PE, physical activities and sport have the potential to transcend diversity and achieve cohesion, promote tolerance and trust and affirm respect between individuals and communities. The goal of PE can be to contribute to the acceptance of the infinite qualities of South Africa’s diversity and to claim the country’s diversity as a source of strength that forms a bond of a common set of values. There has been a global change in the interaction of learners with their environment; their lives are shaped by forces that do not necessarily assist them to learn and apply values. A PE programme infused with the values of Olympism and Ubuntuism can offer an investment in individual and societal improvement as the co-evolutionary interaction of these values and how they affect each learner can add to the celebration of human diversity. The question this study set out to answer was how can PE be used as a tool to teach values. Thus, the study aimed to inform the development of a values-based PE programme for the intermediate schooling phase. This qualitative study, from a constructivist paradigm, has enhanced the understanding of individuals’ cultures, beliefs and values, human experiences and situations. Purposeful sampling, of 10 intermediate phase teachers from five different public primary schools sought information-rich cases. The theoretical perspectives of the experiential learning theory were applied to teaching PE during in-service PE teacher training workshops. The process was documented by collecting data from multiple sources. Participatory action research was used, determining how data were collected, analysed and presented on an ongoing, cyclical basis. This study developed material for the intermediate phase PE curriculum that underpins the values of Olympism and Ubuntuism as core values, which were modelled by teachers and guided their work. The PE programme included key elements of and aligned with the study aims of the subject Life Skills. The outcomes of using PE as a tool to teach values propose recommendations to the Department of Basic Education of South Africa, to improve and implement a quality PE curriculum that is applicable to practice and that will optimise the chances of meeting National Curriculum Statement standards. Further research is recommended on the rest of the intermediate phase PE curriculum over the entire year, which includes other movement phenomena infused with values.

Psychological Resilience in Young Female Athletes.

Psychological resilience is an important construct that can enhance athletic performance and foster valuable life skills. Through positive adaptation to adversity and stressors in the athletic arena, athletes are able to cultivate their ability to effectively respond to negative stimuli, ultimately evolving to personal growth. For young female athletes, development of resilience may be particularly important. Young female athletes face distinct challenges in sport including sport inequity, body image issues, eating disorders, increased mental distress, and internalization of emotions. The aim of this review is to define and describe the construct of resilience and discuss the implications and applications relevant to young female athletes. By understanding how to foster resilience strategies in this population, we can enhance sport performance and enjoyment, as well as bolster valuable life skills that facilitate personal growth.

Emergency Vehicle Priority Based System

Every country's vehicular traffic is increasing, growing, and there is terrible traffic congestion at intersections. In the current case, most traffic lights have a fixed light sequence, so green light sequence is to determine with-out taking priority vehicles into account. As a result, priority crews such as police cars, ambulances, fire engines are still unable to perform, get stuck in traffic and come in late, which can result in the loss of valuable property and life, which does happen on occasion. The green light sequence is evaluated given the current state of traffic, without taking into account the existence of emergency vehicles. Our aim to this paper is to present a mechanism for scheduling emergency vehicles. It is provided to important such as access control protocol to convey emergency vehicle information to the Traffic Management Center (TMC) with time delay and to all alerts while using GPS techniques for acquiring emergency vehicle information. Only then is the emergency vehicle quickly dispatched, and the destination is reached on time. It would be helpful in the future for the prominence of casual vehicles.

Vehicle Accident Location Detection Using IoT

Speed is one of the basic reasons for vehicle accident. Many lives could have been saved if emergency service could get accident information and reach in time. Nowadays, GPS has become an integral part of a vehicle system. This paper proposes to utilize the capability of a sensor which will detect the accident and GPS collects the coordinates sends an alert message using GSM module along with accident location. This will help to reach the rescue service in time and save the valuable human life.

A Novel Lightweight Deep Learning-Based Histopathological Image Classification Model for IoMT.

The unavailability of appropriate mechanisms for timely detection of diseases and successive treatment causes the death of a large number of people around the globe. The timely diagnosis of grave diseases like different forms of cancer and other life-threatening diseases can save a valuable life or at least extend the life span of an afflicted individual. The advancement of the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) enabled healthcare technologies can provide effective medical facilities to the population and contribute greatly towards the recuperation of patients. The usage of IoMT in the diagnosis and study of histopathological images can enable real-time identification of diseases and corresponding remedial actions can be taken to save an affected individual. This can be achieved by the use of imaging apparatus with the capacity of auto-analysis of captured images. However, most deep learning-based image classifying models are bulk in size and are inappropriate for use in IoT based imaging devices. The objective of this research work is to design a deep learning-based lightweight model suitable for histopathological image analysis with appreciable accuracy. This paper presents a novel lightweight deep learning-based model "ReducedFireNet", for auto-classification of histopathological images. The proposed method attained a mean accuracy of 96.88% and an F1 score of 0.968 on evaluating an actual histopathological image data set. The results are encouraging, considering the complexity of histopathological images. In addition to the high accuracy the lightweight design (size in few KBs) of the ReducedFireNet model, makes it suitable for IoMT imaging equipment. The simulation results show the proposed model has computational requirement of 0.201 GFLOPS and has a mere size of only 0.391 MB.

The emerging role of acceptance and commitment therapy as a way to treat trauma and stressor related disorders

AimsThe aim of this work is to gather and evaluate scientific evidence about the clinical effects of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) in the treatment of patients with trauma-related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).MethodA literature search was conducted on PubMed platform, starting from the following MeSH terms: “Acceptance and Commitment Therapy”, “Trauma and Stressor Related Disorders”, “Psychological Trauma”. Studies obtained were analysed, corresponding to investigations based on an adult population with trauma and stressor related disorders.ResultThe search provided 13 results, of which 12 met the defined criteria. Different types of studies with variable samples were considered, including randomised clinical trials, longitudinal observational studies, narrative reviews and an analysis of case reports.Globally, ACT has been showing a crescent role in the treatment of individuals with trauma histories by enhancing positive outcomes and by being associated with greater psychological flexibility. It is increasingly considered to be well-suited to the treatment of trauma by targeting avoidance, coping strategies with emotional disengagement and persistent dissociation, aspects associated with greater PTSD symptom severity and related psychopathology.Furthermore, research suggests that acceptance-based treatments are helpful in promoting emotional, behavioural, and neural changes in psychological disorders characterised by disgust, shame and guilt that commonly co-occur with PTSD.Among the various exposure factors, we found a growing production of recent literature in which ACT has been applied in the context of oncology life-threatening settings, demonstrating significant improvements in symptoms and quality of life, as well as reductions in emotional disturbances, physical pain and traumatic responses.However, little is known about implementation and results of ACT in situations of trauma and psychiatric comorbidities. Data suggest that, when applied to individuals with psychosis and history of trauma, there is an improvement in overall severity and anxiety symptoms, emotion regulation strategies and a greater sense of engagement in care; nevertheless, reduction of specific trauma symptoms remains controversial. More mention is made about the growth of literature evaluating the application of ACT as a conjunctial therapeutic method for trauma and simultaneous addictive disorders.ConclusionOverall, despite limited published research currently available, some evidence starts to support ACT's promising role as an effective psychotherapeutic approach to trauma and stressor related disorders. Its application in situations where organic diseases represent stress factors has been growing. Future research should focus on clarifying the role of ACT in psychiatric comorbidity scenarios, allowing this psychotherapy to help individuals find a meaningful and valuable life beyond trauma.

A Study on the Market Environment and Characteristics of Japan’s Mini Vehicles Industry

Purpose: In this paper, we analyzed the secrets of popularity, characteristics of users, usage status, and social utility of mini vehicles in Japan. The key points revealed on this basis are as follows. Research design, data, and methodology: Japan’s auto sales market was about 40% for mini vehicles, 55% for general cars and 5% for imported cars. Sales of mini vehicles were also in high demand, accounting for one-third of the global market. The number of mini vehicles owned exceeded 30 million units as of 2019, accounting for about 40% of the total number of cars owned. The main owner of the mini vehicles was “Women” and was an important means of daily transportation such as commuting and shopping. Results: Japan’s mini vehicles were manufactured to reflect social and cultural characteristics, making them a “non-tariff barriers” for foreign car makers. The biggest factor in the popularity of mini vehicles was “economic feasibility.” The cost of maintenance (taxes) and purchase of vehicles was lower than that of general cars. The next most important thing for consumers was the convenience of use, such as the convenience of driving narrow roads and parking. For people living in rural areas, mini vehicles were replacing public transportation. Therefore, mini vehicles were a valuable life line in rural areas. Implications: Mini vehicles were making huge contributions to employment. About 20% of the total auto production was mini vehicles, all of which were produced in Japan. The impact on road damage was also much smaller than that of general cars, contributing to social cost savings.

Перфекционизм и ограничение одобрения

The article deals with Hurka's critique of Kymlicka and Arneson's critique of Dworkin on endorsement constraint thesis, according to which a person cannot have a valuable life if values are imposed on her - primarily by state action - overriding her preferences and convictions on the good life. This thesis has often been identified with neutral liberalism andcounterposed to perfectionism. The text argues against Hurka's and Arneson's argument that mild coercion and paternalistic reduction of trivial, bad or worthless options can indeed bring about a more valuable life. Their argument does not acknowledge adequately the difference between coercion from a person's immediate social environment and state coercion, which are not equally legitimate. My critique, however, does not exclude the legitimacy of perfectionistic measures, as a person could accept as justified state intervention concerning the support of particular values or goods, while at the same time not endorsing those values and goods. Not all endorsed goods or activities should be treated equally, as more relevant and valuable ones can be legitimately supported by particular policy. Sladeshek Michal. Perfectionism and Endorsement Constraint // Philosophy and Society. 2021. №32 (1): 89–104.

Randomized trial of acceptance and commitment therapy for anxious cancer survivors in community clinics: Outcomes and moderators.

Anxiety symptoms are common among cancer survivors. This study evaluated whether an acceptance-based group intervention delivered by social workers in community oncology clinics improved anxiety and related symptoms, and healthcare use, relative to enhanced usual care (EUC). This multi-site trial included 135 survivors of various cancers with moderate to high anxiety about cancer/survivorship, 1.5-24 months after treatment. Participants were randomized 1:1 to a 7-session acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT)-based group (Valued Living) or EUC (access to onsite supportive care plus resource list). Questionnaires were administered at baseline, 1, 2, 5, and 8 months post-randomization, diagnostic interviews at baseline, 2, and 8 months, and healthcare use tracked throughout. Outcomes included anxiety symptoms (primary), related symptoms, and healthcare use. Putative moderators included age, anxiety, and avoidance. In intent-to-treat comparisons to EUC, Valued Living (VL) showed a nonsignificant pattern of greater improvement on anxiety symptoms (p = .08), improved significantly more on cancer-related post-traumatic stress (p = .002), fear of recurrence (p = .003), and energy/fatigue (p = .02), and missed significantly fewer medical appointments (p < .05). Conditions improved similarly on depressive symptoms, sense of meaning, and most severe anxiety or depressive disorder. Effects were moderated: VL participants with higher baseline anxiety or avoidance (+1SD) improved more on anxiety, meaning (ps ≤ .01), and disorder severity (p = .05) than their EUC counterparts. An acceptance-based group intervention delivered in community oncology clinics enhanced psychological recovery and energy levels, and reduced missed medical appointments for anxious cancer survivors, with stronger effects for more distressed participants. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

대순사상의 미(美) 개념과 미학적 특징

In this study, values of truth and good are expressed in the form of beauty, and truth and good are analyzed from an aesthetic point of view. This enables an assessment of how truth is expressed and presented as an "aesthetic" in Daesoon Thought. Therefore, an approach to faith in Daesoon Jinrihoe (大巡眞理會) can be presented via traditional aesthetics or theological aesthetics that reflect on sense experience, feelings, and beauty. The concept of beauty in Daesoon Thought which focuses on The Canonical Scripture appears in keywords used in Daesoon Thought such as divine nature (神性), the pattern of Dao (道理), the singularly-focused mind (一心), and relationships (關係). Therein, one can find sublimation, symmetry, moderation, and harmony. The aesthetic features of Daesoon Thought, when considered as an aesthetic system can formulate thinking regarding the aesthetics of ’Reordering Works of Heaven and Earth’ (天地公事), the aesthetics of Mutual Beneficence (相生), and the aesthetics of healing. The Reordering Works of Heaven and Earth contain a record of the Supreme God visiting the world as a human being. The realization that the human figure, Kang Jeungsan (1871-1909), is the Supreme God, Sangje (上帝), is the shocking aesthetic motif and theological starting point of the Reordering Works of Heaven and Earth. Mutual Beneficence can be seen aesthetically as indicating the sociality of mutual relations, and there is an aesthetic structure of Mutual Beneficence in the harmony and unification of those relations. Healing can be said to contain the sacred sublimation of Sangje, and moderation is a form of beauty that makes humans move toward Quieting the mind and Quieting the body (安心·安身), the Dharma of Presiding over Cures (醫統), and the ultimate value of healing, which is the end point of the Cultivation (修道) wherein one realizes that the ideals of humankind and the aesthetics of healing bestow the spiritual pleasures of a beautiful and valuable life. The aesthetic characteristics of Daesoon Thought demonstrate an aesthetic attitude that leads to healing through Sangje’s Holy Works and the practice of Mutual Beneficence (相生) which were performed when He stayed with us to vastly save all beings throughout the Three Realms that teetered on the brink of extinction. It is not uncommon to see a beautiful woman and remark she is like a goddess (女神) or female immortal (仙女). Likewise, beautiful music is often praised as "the sound of heaven." That which fills us with joy is spoken of as "divine beings (神明)" of God. God is a symbol of beauty, and the world of God can be said to be the archetype of beauty. Experience of beauty guides our souls to God. The aesthetic experience of Daesoon Thought is a religious experience that culminates in emotional, intellectual, and spiritual joy, and it is an aesthetic experience that recognizes transcendent beauty.

The Role of Student Self-Government in Ensuring the Quality of Higher Education

The current state of development of the Ukrainian state requires further reform of all spheres of life of the Ukrainian community. The democratization of the principles of higher education needs special attention. Since students are the driving force of society, the developer of unique ideas of the present and future, a factor in the formation and development of civil society, so the democratization of student life, active participation of students in different organizations, leadership skills and teamwork, making the right decisions and responsibility for their implementation becomes especially relevant during educational transformations. Student governments have a significant impact on youth. The range of such influence primarily extends to the realization of the student in the modern world, meeting his/her needs, both in education and in other areas, including volunteer, artistic, managerial, social and more. Therefore, membership in student organizations gives a young person a valuable life experience, which can later be implemented in practice. Participation in student self-government contributes to the development of students' leadership qualities, the formation of their active civic life positions. That is, the activities of student government in higher education institutions are aimed at forming the values of the younger generation. At the same time, student self-government is a unique factor in reforming the modern system of the educational process in higher education institutions. Applicants are actively involved in the development, implementation, and accreditation of educational programs, are experts in the accreditation of the National Agency for Quality Assurance in Education. The article demonstrates the effectiveness of student self-government bodies in higher education institutions on specific examples, substantiates the need for their development as one of the factors that contributes to the improvement of quality assurance processes in education.

The Effect of Household Waste Reduction on the Lifespan of Parit Enam Landfill in Pangkalpinang City: Using Dynamic System Modeling

Currently, there are still problems occurring in waste management activities in Pangkalpinang City. Solid waste that is scattered in the City of Pangkalpinang is caused by waste that has not been transported and handled. TPA Parit Enam's capacity, which serves solid waste in Pangkalpinang City, will decrease every year due to an overload of incoming waste generation. Currently, the City of Pangkalpinang aggressively implements a waste management policy at the source or the 3R program, including waste bank activities and waste processing at reduce, reuse and recycle (3R) landfills. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of household waste reduction activities on the current use of the Parit Enam landfill in Pangkalpinang City in each of the scenarios that were compiled. The compilation model uses Powersim Studio 2005. The dynamic analysis shows that the activities that follow the waste at the source and respect what happens in TPS 3R Pangkalpinang City can affect TPA Parit Enam's useful life and produce a suitable scenario to be applied in the waste management activities of Pangkalpinang City. Scenario C (Optimistic), the valuable life of Parit Enam Landfillreaches 2023, and scenario C (Optimistic) can reduce the amount of waste transported by 29.65% compared to scenario A (Business as Usual). Besides, the proportion of household waste reduction reached 48% at the end of the simulation year.

APPRAISAL OF EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS OF UNIVERSITY UNDERGRADUATES: THE 21ST CENTURY KEY TO FUNCTIONAL EDUCATION

Research evidence revealed that the quality of graduates in Nigeria is on a rapid decline especially in the area of valuable and complementary life skills. Also, researchers have established that subject-specific knowledge and skills alone are unlikely to secure a graduate occupation in which they can be both successful and satisfied. Hence, this study evaluated the extent to which university undergraduates in North West Nigeria possessed employability skills. This study employed a survey research design. The population comprises all 2018/2019 final year university undergraduates in North West Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling approach using Simple Random and Proportional Sampling technique was employed to select 697 respondents from Usmanu Danfodiyo University, 350 respondents from Federal University Gusau and 330 respondents from Federal University Birnin Kebbi. The research instrument was a researcher-developed questionnaire entitled “Employability Indices Questionnaire”. The research instrument was validated by seven experts. The instrument was trial tested on a population that is similar but not among the sampled population; and Cronbach’s Alpha was used to estimate a reliability coefficient of 0.82 and 0.96 for Employability Perception Scale and Employability Skills Scale respectively. Three research questions guided the study; while data collected were analyzed using summated scale. The major findings of the study revealed that majority of university undergraduates in North West Nigeria perceived themselves to have high knowledge of employability, yet further finding revealed that majority of the respondents perceived themselves to have high need of Life-long Learning Skill and Team-work Skills. This implies that the respondents have low level of Life-long Learning and Team-work Skills. As such, it was recommended that University Management should improve standard by making Employability Skills a development priority area for its undergraduates before their graduation. Both instruction and assessment of undergraduates should challenge and develop students’ Life-long learning skill, Team-work skills and other relevant skills before their graduation. University Management should encourage her students to develop and demonstrate employability skills like Life-long learning skill, Team-work skills, information and communication technology knowledge, numeracy skill, communication skill, creativity and problem solving skills.

Between hoping to die and longing to live longer.

Drawing on Ezekiel Emanuel's controversial piece 'Why I hope to die at 75,' I distinguish two types of concern in ethical debates about extending the human lifespan. The first focusses on the value of living longer from prudential and social perspectives. The second type of concern, which has received less attention, focusses on the value of aiming for longer life. This distinction, which is overlooked in the ethical literature on life extension, is significant because there are features of human psychology and the structure of a life that should give pause when considering how long one should aim to live, but which do not neatly coincide with considerations about how valuable additional life is likely to be. I argue that, while Emanuel's case for hoping to die at 75 is unconvincing, he nonetheless provides weak pro tanto considerations in favour of taking a moderate life span as a prudential aim around which to base at least some significant life plans.

Reminiscence and Music Participation Among Older Adults

Abstract The purpose of this directed qualitative content analysis was to explore the ways in which older adults reminisced about music participation over the course of their lives. Using Wong’s (1995) Taxonomy of Reminiscence as a theoretical framework, six community musicians participated in interviews and completed Meltzer’s (2007) Self-Discovery Tapestry, a life review tool for remembering the past. A total of 225 reminiscences were coded against Wong’s a priori taxonomy categories, which delineate successful and unsuccessful aging. Overall, coded reminiscences reflected healthy aging and satisfaction, including instances of self-acceptance, valuable life lessons, and the reconciliation of life events; however, some participants were troubled by strained parental relationships and bittersweet associations with music. Interruptions in music participation reflected a recurrent, evolving process in music identity renewal. Implications include reinforcing life reviews as a healthy aging practice, examining generational trends across time, and cultivating among music teachers a greater awareness of gerontological tenets.

European “Freedoms”: A Critical Analysis

AbstractFaced with the present migrant crisis and the dismal record of Europe in protecting vulnerable refugees’ and migrants’ rights, what could be the view of the moral philosopher? The contrast between the principles enshrined in the European Charter of Fundamental Rights and the reality of present policies is shocking, but more scrutiny will show that it is the result of a larger trend towards an understanding of freedom mostly in economic terms, at a time when economists such as Amartya Sen have revised their approach to economic growth and prosperity, noting the central role played by a much richer conception of freedom. The paper will scrutinize these inconsistencies and the conception of the person from which they derive and will provide an alternative and more coherent moral vision that could strengthen the legitimacy of the European Charter, at a time of growing dissatisfaction and so‐called democratic deficit. Such a vision could help reconnect the Charter with a conception of the human person as in need not solely of passive legal protection, but also of active promotion of her self‐respect and capabilities, and of her aspiration to a valuable life.

Engaging Students through Modeling

How would students feel when learning through the use of mathematical modeling? On investigation, this article reveals that students felt better prepared for assessments, learned valuable life skills, and saw the relevance of mathematics to their lives outside of the classroom.

AN INDIVIDUAL’S PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY IN THE UNSTABLE WORLD

The article analyses theoretically the concept of psychological safety as it is understood in psychology and presents the empirical study of students-future psychologists’ feeling of psychological safety in terms of their propensity to risk and their psychological hardiness as a prerequisite for a personal ability to resist danger. It is stated that the problem of an individual’s psychological safety in the situation of quarantine isolation and COVID-2019 pandemic is especially actual, even comes to the fore and requires thorough analysis and careful study in the context of the current objective situation in Ukraine and the world. The need for safety and protection from various threats is an individual’s fundamental need, further self-development and self-realization depend on its satisfaction; but an average person begins to realize this fact only after losing a sense of psychological safety. In scientific sources, psychological safety is more often seen as a means helping achieve / obtain something desired instead of understanding it as a goal. The interpretations of psychological safety, its structure, levels and factors supporting it presented by different scientists and its relation to informational-psychological security are analyzed. After the performed review of scientific psychological literature, the phenomenon of psychological safety was generalized as a complex, integral dynamic phenomenon; an individual’s state and feeling of being protected from external and internal threats; controllability of life events; an individual’s confidence in their ability to resist possible and existing threats; satisfaction of an individual’s basic needs and life as a whole for the further development and self-realization. We understand psychological safety as an individual’s sense of security in a safe world and a willingness to protect and restore that feeling when needed, resulting in the individual’s satisfaction with life. It is concluded that the studied students’ individual psychological hardiness with its components and the components of their sense of safety were not sufficiently developed. However, we can assume that psychological safety is more often experienced by people with developed psychological hardiness and its components: commitment to life; control over things happening in life, in particular, in stressful situations, and risk acceptance as a life challenge, as a result of which an individual can learn valuable life lessons helping them to become wiser for further self-realization.

Perfectionism and endorsement constraint

The article deals with Hurka?s critique of Kymlicka and Arneson?s critique of Dworkin on endorsement constraint thesis, according to which a person cannot have a valuable life if values are imposed on her - primarily by state action - overriding her preferences and convictions on the good life. This thesis has often been identified with neutral liberalism and counterposed to perfectionism. The text argues against Hurka?s and Arneson?s argument that mild coercion and paternalistic reduction of trivial, bad or worthless options can indeed bring about a more valuable life. Their argument does not acknowledge adequately the difference between coercion from a person?s immediate social environment and state coercion, which are not equally legitimate. My critique, however, does not exclude the legitimacy of perfectionistic measures, as a person could accept as justified state intervention concerning the support of particular values or goods, while at the same time not endorsing those values and goods. Not all endorsed goods or activities should be treated equally, as more relevant and valuable ones can be legitimately supported by particular policy.

Doing Valuable Time

<i>Doing Valuable Time</i>