VFA Values Research Articles

Utilization of Rice Husk Waste and Wood Powder as Filler in AC-WC Asphalt

With the limited natural resources, it is necessary to implement a program to reduce the use of natural resources and maximize the potential generated from unutilized waste. The types of waste that can be utilized as filler in AC-WC asphalt are rice husk ash waste obtained from Gunungsari Village, Malang Regency and sawdust ash waste obtained from H. Sulaiman Brick Factory, Malang Regency. The purpose of this research is to identify the chemical content values contained in rice husk ash and wood powder ash waste in AC-WC asphalt pavement mixtures by reviewing through marshall parameters and the Residual Strength Index (IRS). The results of the utilization of rice husk ash filler in AC-WC asphalt mixtures can provide an increase in stability values until it finally decreases at 100% content, besides that it can provide an increase in the values of yield, VIM and VMA. However, it gives a decrease in the VFA value and produces an IRS of 90.6% and can meet the requirements of Bina Marga 2018 Revision 2. In the sawdust ash filler, it can give an increase in stability and yield values until the peak at 100%, but it can give a decrease in VIM and VMA values. However, it increases the VFA value and produces an IRS of 87.2% which does not meet the guidelines of Bina Marga 2018 Revision 2.

Utilization of Palm Oil Fuel Ash as a Filler in PG 70 Asphalt Mixtures For AC Mod-WC

The Pavement Design Manual 2024, which requires the use of asphalt PG 70 for loads above 30 million ESAL and the increasing volume of palm oil waste that requires handling and reuse, as well as the need for alternative materials to be used as fillers, make it necessary to develop environmentally friendly materials by combining asphalt PG-70 and palm oil fuel ash as fillers. This pavement mixture is expected to be a mixture containing environmentally friendly road construction materials as well as a solution to the utilization of palm oil waste that can withstand high traffic loads. Testing of aggregate materials, asphalt, and asphalt mixtures was carried out at the Civil Engineering Laboratory of Medan State Polytechnic, in accordance with SNI, which refers to the General Specifications for Road and Bridge Construction Work 2018 Revision 2. The results obtained were that palm oil fuel ash as filler in asphalt mixture PG 70 gave an average value of stability above 1000 kg, density of 2-3 gr/ml, and VFA above 65% in all variations of filler content, for VIM values between 3-5% in the 50% and 75% variations, and VMA values above 15% in the 50%, 75% and 100% variations, while the flow value did not meet the standard value of 2-4 mm for all variations of filler content. Asphalt mixture PG 70 with palm oil fuel ash filler produces good density and stability values, but under repeated loading it will easily cause waves and rutting in the pavement due to the rigid nature of the mixture with a very high flow value and thus allow bleeding because the value of VFA is also very high.

Total VFA value, NH3 and Invitro Digestibility of Cabbage and Mustard Vegetable Waste Distilled with Various Carbohydrate Sources

Market vegetable waste produced in Pekanbaru City can be produced up to 235.45 tons/day, this has the potential to utilize market waste in the form of cabbage and mustard greens which are used as feed. This research aims to produce NH3 production values, VFA and dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD) of vegetable waste silage with the addition of various carbohydrate sources. The research method was carried out experimentally using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) pattern of 4 treatments and 5 replications. Treatments are P1 = vegetable waste silage + 30% rice bran; P2= vegetable waste silage + 30% corn flour; P3%= vegetable waste silage + 30% addition of piles; and P4 = vegetable waste silage + addition of 10% rice bran + 10% corn flour + 10% waste. The parameters observed were dry matter digestibility, organic matter digestibility, NH3 production and total VFA. The research results showed that the addition of various carbohydrate sources had no significant effect on silage NH3 (P>0.05), but had a very significant difference (P<0.01) on the DMD, OMD and total VFA values. The addition of various carbohydrate sources is able to increase the In Vitro digestibility value and is able to maintain NH3 production. The addition of a carbohydrate source from corn flour resulted in superior DMD, DMO and total VFA values compared to other treatments

Effect of Adding Teak Charcoal as a Filler on the Performance of the Asphalt Concrete-Wearing Course (AC-WC)

The filler in asphalt concrete layers usually uses Portland cement, whose raw materials are limestone and clay, these resources are limited and cannot be renewed. Therefore, teak wood charcoal can be an alternative filler. Charcoal contains non-polar carbon compounds, such as asphalt, which have adhesive properties to hold different particles together. So, in this research, it is hoped that teak wood charcoal can be used as a filler in accordance with the General Specifications of Bina Marga 2018 Revision 2. This research uses variations in filler levels of 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4%. Based on the Marshall test results, the optimum asphalt content value was 6.40% and the optimum filler content value was 0.58%. The addition of teak charcoal as a filler increases the stability, Marshall Quotient, VIM and VMA values, but reduces the flow and VFA values. In conclusion, the addition of teak charcoal as a filler to the AC-WC mixture can increase the strength of the road pavement, but excessive use can make the road pavement porous and damaged.

Studi Karakteristik Evaluasi Volumetrik Marshall Campuran AC-BC Studi Kasus Material Agregat di Lawawoi Kab. Sidrap

The condition of existing pavement layers in Sidenreng Rappang Regency is generally damaged before reaching the planned age. This study aims to evaluate volumetric marshall on aggregate performance in pavement mixtures and physical properties of aggregates. Experimental methods at the Road and Asphalt Laboratory of Muhammadiyah University of Parepare based on 2018 Bina Marga general specifications. The results of the research with volumetric marshall analysis the maximum stability value of 5.5% was 1469.78 kg and the minimum 4.5% was 1175.82 kg. The maximum VMA value of 6.5% was 16.21% and the minimum 4.5% was 14.25%. The maximum VIM value of 4.5% was 5.54% and the minimum of 6.5% was 3.13%. The maximum VFB value of 6.5% was 80.73% and the minimum of 4.5% was 61.13%. The maximum flow value of 5.5% was 3.67 mm and the minimum of 6% was 3.41 mm. The maximum marshall quotient value of 5.5% was 413.64 kg/mm and the minimum of 4.5% was 323.80 kg/mm. In stability, flow, marshall quotient and VMA have met the 2018 Bina Marga General specifications at asphalt levels of 4.5%, 5.0%, 5, 5%, 6%, and 6.5%. While the VIM and VFA values do not meet the specifications at 4.5% asphalt content. This shows that material quality affects the physical properties of aggregates in the performance of pavement mixtures.

Performance Characteristics of Nano Palm Shell Ash (NPSA) in Asphalt Mixture

One innovation in creating new materials that have superior properties compared to large-sized materials is to use nanotechnology. The uniqueness of nano materials is that the smaller the size of the material, the greater the surface area and performance characteristics of the material in the asphalt mixture. This research develops nano technology in asphalt pavement construction by making nano material from palm shell ash waste. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of adding palm shell ash nano material as a substitute for asphalt in the AC-WC mixture. The research method was carried out by testing the morphological characterization of the palm shell ash nano material using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) testing and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) testing, then continuing with testing the characteristics of the mixture using the Marshall testing method. The nano material used is palm shell ash material obtained from palm shell burning waste originating from Riau which is then processed into Nano Palm Shell Ash (NPSA) material using a ball mill. The asphalt used is Pen 60/70 asphalt produced by Pertamina. The use of NPSA material in asphalt modification with NPSA variations of 1%, 2% and 3% can improve the performance of marshal characteristics compared to conventional asphalt mixtures. It can be seen that the stability, flow, VFA and MQ values increase with increasing NPSA percentage in asphalt. Meanwhile, the VIM and VMA values decreased along with the increase in the NPSA percentage in asphalt. In addition, increasing the percentage of NPSA in asphalt can reduce the use of optimum asphalt content compared to conventional asphalt mixtures. Utilizing palm shell ash waste is the best alternative for improving the performance of asphalt in mixtures and is environmentally friendly and economical.

Influence Volumetric Characteristic on Skid Number with Difference Aggregate Gradation

The purpose of this document is to present an investigation into the impact of volumetric characteristics, specifically the composition and distribution of aggregates, on the skid resistance performance of road surfaces. The study focuses on the variations in aggregate gradations and their influence on the volumetric properties of asphalt mixtures. Two distinct gradation types, continuous and gap grading, are analyzed to assess their effects on skid number values. VFA value does not have a significant effect on skid number value. The volumetric value with continuous gradation under standard conditions shows that the VMA value has the most significant influence on the skid value, and the VIM value gap gradation has the most significant influence on the skid value. While in immersion conditions, for volumetrics that affect the skid number value in continuous gradation and gaps, the VMA value has the most significant influence on the performance of skid resistance. The linear regression results in volumetrics and skid values on continuous and gap gradation in standard condition is y = 1.507 x VMA + 12.841 x VIM – 174.097. with an influence on the skid value of 83.7% and y = -5.576 x VMA + 6.233 x VFA + 33.345 x VIM – 461.402. with an influence on the skid value of 99.7%. The linear regression results at volumetric and skid values on continuous and gap gradation in immersion conditions are y = 5.242x VMA + 0.779 x VIM – 51.695. with an influence on the skid value of 45.8% and y = -3.462 x VMA – 0.454 x VFA -2.088 x VIM + 153.820. with an influence on the skid value of 98.3%. The effect of skid resistance performance on temperature, it can be concluded that a consistent increase in temperature causes a decrease in the skid resistance value.

Daya Tahan Coldmix Asphalt Sebagai Bahan Darurat Penanganan Jalan dengan Bahan Resin Fiberglass Sebagai Pengganti Aspal

Asphalt is a material that is widely used in road construction. The use of asphalt materials is getting higher, but the asphalt materials used are increasingly expensive and limited, research was conducted with Coldmix Ashpalt with the addition of fiberglass resin with the aim of determining the effect of adding fiberglass resin to AC-WC asphalt materials. The method used for research is carried out in the laboratory with the marshall test method then obtained the calculation results, namely the marshall quotient. The characteristics of AC-WC pavement mixtures include density, cavities in aggregate minerals (VMA), asphalt filled cavities (VFA), voids in the mixture (VIM), stability, marshall melt (flow), and Marshall Quotient (MQ). The results of the study of 4 variations of the deep fiberglass resin mixture used with variation values of 0%, 2%, 3%, 4%. for the variation value that has the highest stability is found in the 3% variation with a stability value of 1577.33 kg, with a VMA value of 15.50%, VFA value of 87.18%, VIM value of 3.28%, flow value of 3.13 mm, and MQ value of 510.72 kg / mm. The variation content of 3% is declared the most effective for mixing AC-WC asphalt because the values of the marshall properties meet the 2018 Highways engineering specifications, so that the most optimal variation of fiberglass resin added material is used as a mixture of AC-WC asphalt with a penetration of 60/70.

Pengaruh Sekam Padi & Serbuk Kayu Sebagai Substitusi Filler pada Campuran Laston AC-WC

Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course (AC-WC) is a flexible highway pavement, where this pavement is a combination of: Asphalt, fine aggregate coarse aggregate, and (filler). In this study, the replacement of Portland cement filler was carried out as an experiment with alternative materials, namely rice husk ash and wood sawdust. Where in this research mixture the percentage of cement filler is 2% replaced using 2% SP ash, 2% SK ash, 1% SP ash: 1% SK ash, in terms of Marshall properties In accordance with the standard requirements of General Specifications 2010 (revision 3) Section 6.3 Hot bituminous mix. From the Marshall test results, the highest stability value was 938.71 kg and a flow value of 2.83 mm by substituting 2% SP ash filler, where the resistance was better than the standard 2% cement filler mixture with a stability value of only 889.68 kg . The VIM value obtained was 3.57%, although it met the standard, the VIM value indicated that the 2% rice husk ash filler substitution mixture was not watertight. It can be seen that the high VMA value of 23.30% indicates the large number of cavities in the AC-WC mixture. Where the greater the percentage of VIM and VMA, the lower the adhesiveness of the asphalt mixture by substituting Cement filler using SP ash, as evidenced by the VFA value of only 52.41% which does not meet standard specifications, because the voids created will be filled with air or water. Replacement of 2% SP ash filler obtained a Marshall Quotient value of 333.70 kg/mm which met the specification standard, namely Min 250 kg/mm but higher than the normal 2% cement filler mixture which was only 258.23 kg/mm.

Comparison of bioelectrical body and visceral fat indices and anthropometric measures in relation to type 2 diabetes by sex among Chinese adults, a cross-sectional study.

We aim to compare the efficacies of the bioelectrical indices (percentage of body fat, PBF; visceral fat area, VFA) with the conventional anthropometric measures (body mass index, BMI; waist-hip ratio, WHR) for predicting type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk by sex and to determine the sex-specific optimal adiposity indices to predict the T2D risk. Cross-sectional design. Tianjin First Central Hospital and Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China. A total of 9,332 adults (41.35% men) undergoing physical examination. T2D was defined using the WHO's criteria: fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥7.0 mmol/L and/or previous diagnosis of T2D. Height, weight, waist, hip, PBF, VFA, and fasting plasma glucose were measured. All studied adiposity indices were associated with T2D among both males and females, and the observed associations differed by sex. The standardized aORs of BMI, WHR, PBF and VFA for T2D were 1.60 (95% CI 1.42-1.81), 1.43 (95% CI 1.25-1.64), 1.42 (95% CI 1.23-1.62) and 1.53 (95% CI 1.35-1.75) for females, and 1.47 (95% CI 1.31-1.66), 1.40 (95% CI 1.25-1.58), 1.54 (95% CI 1.36-1.74) and 1.47 (95% CI 1.31-1.65) for males, respectively. The AUCs of VFA, WHR and BMI were 0.743, 0.742 and 0.717 in women, respectively, whereas none of the indices had AUC larger than 0.70 in men. The AUCs were not significantly different between VFA and WHR, while both demonstrate larger AUCs than BMI and PBF in females (all p < 0.05). The optimal cutoff values of VFA, WHR, and BMI for T2D in women were 103.55 cm2, 0.905, and 24.15 kg/m2, respectively. Although BMI, WHR, and PBF and VFA as measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) were all positively associated with T2D, their efficacy for predicting the risk of T2D differed by sex. VFA, WHR and BMI could be used as biomarkers to predict T2D risk in women, however none of the study indicators demonstrated favorable efficacy of predicting T2D risk in men.

Pemanfaatan Recycling Asphalt untuk Lapisan AC-WC dengan Penambahan Material Bottom Ash pada Perkerasan Lentur

Increasing road construction by adding a thick layer of asphalt on flexible pavement can cause problems, where the more viscous the asphalt layer, the higher the road will be than the houses. In addition, limited natural resources and large-scale use can damage the environmental system and make raw materials increasingly scarce, and their prices continue to increase. This research aims to show that recycled asphalt and bottom ash materials can be reused for flexible pavements. Researchers used experimental methods in the laboratory by testing using the Marshall Test. The results of this study indicate that the asphalt resistance based on the compressive strength of the asphalt mixture of recycled materials and the combination of recycled materials and bottom ash of 10% and 15% so that the values of VMA, VFA, Stability, Meltability, and MQ values ​​obtained from the Marshall Test according to with the General Specifications of Highways of the Ministry of Public Works. It was obtained from the provisions of the physical and mechanical test results of Bottom Ash sourced from the Petra UK Road Materials Laboratory Research with the bottom ash parameter passing the sieve of 18.2%. From the results of all asphalt tests, it is known that the addition of bottom ash to asphalt recycling where the extracted material from recycled asphalt (recycled) both asphalt and the aggregate material itself cannot be reused for flexible pavement layers. This is because the condition of asphalt recycling is old, and the strength of the material itself is weak, so it cannot last long if it is reused.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Value of pH, VFA and NH3 Rice Straw Silage Made with Additives Porang Flour (Amorphophallus muelleri) In Vitro

This study aims to determine the pH, VFA and NH3 values of rice straw silage made with the addition of Porang flour additives. Research and silage analysis was conducted at the Faculty of Maritime Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, University of Nusa Cendana, Kupang. The design in this study was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and four replications. Treatment P0 (rice straw silage without Porang flour additive) as control, P1 treatment (rice straw silage with 3% Porang flour additive), P2 (rice straw silage with 6% Porang flour additive) and P3 (rice straw silage with 9% Porang flour additive). The observed variables were pH, VFA and NH3. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance and Duncan's multiple range test. The results showed that all treatments had a significant effect (P&lt;0.01) on pH, VFA and NH3 values. The pH values ranged from 3.78 – 5.48, the total VFA values ranged from 61.13 mM – 86.06 mM, and the NH3 values ranged from 5.88 mM – 9.50 mM. As a result, adding Porang flour (Amorphophallus muelleri) as an additive in rice straw silage up to 9% significantly lowered the pH value and increased the VFA and NH3 values.

Effect of Mineral Mix Supplementation in Silage of Palm Frond Grated (PFG) and Palm Sludge on Digestibility and Delay Quality By In Vitro Methods

By-products from oil palm can feed ruminants such as palm fronds (OPF) and palm oil sludge (PS). Judging from its continuous, cheap, and abundant availability from the palm oil industry, as well as a source of fiber or a component in complete feed for ruminants, it is the potential that can be used as animal feed. However, the use of oil palm fronds in livestock production is minimal due to their complex fiber structure, high lignin content, and low protein content. So, it needs management technology on OPF. The design used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments and five repetitions: P0 Palm frond silage (30%) + palm sludge (70%) P1 Silage of palm fronds (30%) + palm sludge (70%) + Mineral Mix 1% P2Palm frond silage (30%) + palm sludge (70%) + Mineral Mix 2%. The data obtained were analyzed for variance according to the design used, and if there were differences between the treatments, continued analysis using the Duncan Multi Range Test Based on the results of statistical analysis showed that the silage treatment of palm frond powder and palm sludge supplemented with a mineral mix in vitro decreased the digestibility value of dry matter (P&lt;0.05). However, different results were shown in the digestibility of organic matter, where increased digestibility occurred in treatment with supplementation of mineral mixes. The statistical analysis showed that the silage treatment of palm frond powder and palm sludge supplemented with the mineral mix in vitro showed no significant difference between treatments (P&gt;0.05) on VFA and NH3 values. Based on the study's results, it can be concluded that mineral mix supplementation in the silage of palm frond powder and palm sludge significantly decreases the digestibility of dry matter but increases the digestibility value of organic matter. Nevertheless, the treatment given did not have a significant effect on the quality of the fermentation, which included VFA and NH3.

Characteristics the Marshall Test Subsitutution of Polypropylene Plastic Pellets as Filler in Mixture Asphalt Concrete Binder Course (AC BC)

This research was carried out on a laboratory experimental scale, with the aim of determining the characteristics of the Marshall test for the substitution of Polypropylene plastic pellets in the Asphalt Concrete Binder Course (AC BC) mixture. The substitution of Polypropylene plastic pellets in AC BC mixture is 1%, 2%, 3% of the weight of filler in AC BC standard mixture. From the test results, it can be concluded that the characteristics of the marshall test include VMA values, VIM values, VFA values, stability values, flow values, MQ values that meet the predetermined requirements both without filler and with filler.

Analisis Pemanfaatan Plastik Polystyrene (PS) senagai Bahan Tambahan Aspal AC-WC dan AC-BC dengan Metode Marshall

ABSTRACT : Availability of Polystyrene (PS) type plastic waste in various surrounding environments, added to the hot asphalt mixture to improve road pavement performance. This study aims to determine the effect of adding Polystyrene (PS) plastic to the Marshall characteristics of AC-WC and AC-BC asphalt based on the 2018 General Highways Specifications. The test results on Marshall characteristics with a mixture of normal asphalt content of 5% and 6% obtained Optimum Asphalt Content (KAO) of 5.5% for each asphalt AC-WC and AC-BC. Marshall testing on AC-WC asphalt with polystyrene materials using 4% and 5% levels. Then the Stability, VMA, VIM, Flow, and Marshall Quotient values increase, while the VFA value decreases with each addition of Polystyrene (PS) content, this indicates the low density of the asphalt mixture against water and air. However, all variations in the levels of plastic additives on AC-WC asphalt met the specifications, while the Marshall test on AC-BC asphalt with polystyrene materials used levels of 4% and 5%. Then the Stability, VFA, Flow, and Marshall Quotient values have increased, while the VMA, and VIM values have decreased with each addition of Polystyrene (PS) content, this indicates that the voids in the aggregate and voids in the mixture are getting smaller, and causing the asphalt to not be able to fill the empty space too much. and aggregate binding. However, only the VIM value at 5% with a value of 2.58% does not meet the specifications between 3% -5%. So, apart from that, all the added ingredients of asphalt plastic AC-BC meet the specifications. Utilizing Polystyrene (PS) type plastic waste in hot asphalt mixtures can improve the quality of Marshall characteristics and can be used as an additive in asphalt flexible pavement. Keywordsi : AC-WC, AC-BC, Marshall, KAO, Polystyrene (PS).

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN PLASTIK BEKAS TIPE POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE (PET) TERHADAP DAYA LEKAT CAMPURAN LASTON LAPIS AC-WC

The problem in this research is the increasing amount of plastic waste that is difficult to decompose creates an idea for me to use as one of the additives or mixtures in making asphalt mixtures. The types of plastic waste that are mostly found are drink bottles and plastic bags. This type of plastic can only be recycled only once with the name PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate). The addition of plastic to the asphalt mixture aims to optimize the characteristics of the AC-WC smooth asphalt mixture and reduce the amount of waste. Plastic mixing is carried out by means of a dry method whose plastic content is 5%, 10% 15% and 30% of the weight of optimum asphalt content. From the Marshall test conducted with the addition of PET plastic waste, the Stability value at 5% was 2005,967 kg, compared to the absence of additional plastic waste with a record number of 1961,534 kg. Density value with the addition of plastic at 5% level was 2.355% decreased compared to the elimination of the addition of this plastic mixture with a value of 2.359%. The value of Flow with the addition of plastic at a 5% level of 3,200% has increased compared to without the addition of plastic with a value of 3,100%. The value of VIM with the addition of plastic at a level of 5% is 4.453% compared without the addition of this element from the plastic waste that is difficult to decompose with a value of 4.297%. VFA value with the addition of plastics at 5% level was 73.493% decreased compared to no plastic additions amounting to 74.216%. The VMA value with the addition of plastic at 5% level was 16,801%, an increase compared to without the addition of plastic with a magnitude of 16,665%. MQ value with the addition of plastic at 5% content of 626,865 kg / mm has decreased compared to without the addition of plastic 632,753 kg / mm.

Effect of Coleus amboinicus plant extracts in ruminant ration on microbial activity and in vitro degradation

This study was conducted to compare the use of water and ethanol as solvents to extract Coleus amboinicus L. (CAL) plant and their effect on rumen fermentation and digestion in vitro. The experimental design was a 2 × 4 × 4 Factorial arrangement in Complete Random Design. The main effects were extraction solvent (water and ethanol 96%) and levels of CAL extract (0%, 2%, 4% and 6% of amount of sample incubated). The results showed that the addition of CAL extract either extracted with water or ethanol provides an ideal pH value for rumen microbial activity (6.35-6.87). The use of water as a solvent for extracting CAL plant provides a lower concentration of ammonia and protozoa population as compared to using ethanol as a solvent. The VFA values, especially acetate, butyrate and all degradation parameters were higher in water solvent. Increasing the level of use of CAL extract to 6% tends to increase the population of protozoa and reduce the concentration of acetate and all degradation parameters except for the concentration of propionate, butyrate and total VFA which did not respond to increasing CAL levels of the extract. It could be concluded that the water solvent gives better results on the fermentation and degradation of feed with a limit of 2% usage in ruminant ration.

Analisa Karakteristik Campuran Aspal Menggunakan Serbuk Kaca

Pavement is a space for vehicles to operate, consisting of a composition of materials which is divided into several layers aiming to withstand the weight working on it and distribute them to the layers below. Road Pavement consists of several types, flexible pavement, rigid pavement and composite pavement. Road which is commonly used in Batam city is composite pavement, which is a combination of rigid pavement and flexible pavement. This study discusses the use of glass powder as an alternative to filler in the AC-WC pavement mixture. Waste pieces of glass that are no longer in use are destroyed until they pass through filter no. 200, pieces of glass are easily encountered because of the many furniture that uses glass as the main material. Glass waste as a filler mixture is expected to reduce the budget and reduce glass waste itself. The sample in this study consisted of 3 samples with 3 types of test, conventional asphalt with 4 samples, asphalt with a mixture of 3% glass powder filler with 3 samples, and asphalt with a mixture of 6% glass powder filler with 3 samples. Based on the laboratory tests that were conducted, asphalt that uses glass powder filler as a filler substitute meets the 2018 BinaMarga specifications with the MQ value of 637,235, VIM value of 3,829, VMA value of 18,609 and VFA value of 79,455. Based on this study it can be concluded that glass powder waste can be used as a replacement for pavement fillers.

The Effect of the Use of Local Papua Coard Aggregate on AC-WC Laston Stability Value

Coarse aggregates derived from rock are commonly used as road pavement materials that meet the applicable specifications. This study uses rock aggregates originating from the polymeric area of Jayapura City, and this type is widely found in various areas of northern Papua. The study was conducted to determine the effect of local Papuan coral aggregates on the AC-WC Laston value. According to the 2018 General Specifications of Highways; namely, the added filler material must be dry and free from clumps and when tested by sieving according to SNI ASTM C136: 2012. The test results obtained characteristic values on the use of coral as follows: The highest density value at 4.5% asphalt content and the lowest 5.5% and 6.5%. The VMA value obtained is unstable, but all asphalt content meets Bina Marga Specifications 2010 Revision III, namely with a minimum VMA value of 15%, the highest VIM value of 3-5%, VFA values tend to increase but experience a decrease in asphalt content of 5.5% and 6.5%. The results of the Marshall test on coral material in the AC-WC layer are the high strength value 5495.89 kg, density: 1.74 gr/cm3, VMA: 24.42%, VIM: 15.83 %, VFA: 0.01%, flow: 10.00 mm, and MQ of 348.03 mm/kg. The value of Optimum Asphalt Content (KAO) used as AC-WC layer is 5.5%.

Performance of Porous Asphalt Mixture Containing Seashell as Aggregate Replacement

Porous asphalt pavement is mainly used for parking lots which able to let water to drain through the pavement surface into a stone recharge bed and infiltrate into soils under the pavement. This study is to investigate the performance of seashell in porous asphalt and determine the image analysis. The seashell used in this study is cockle shell. The strength of seashell was determined through the Aggregate Impact Value Test (AIV) and Aggregate Crushing Value Test (ACV). The grade of bitumen used was grade 60/70. The porous asphalt volumetric properties was determined through Marshall Stablity Test. The permeability coefficient of sample that contain seashell as aggregate replacement was determined through Permeability Test. Generally, the results shows that the seashell’s percentage loss (AIV and ACV) is suitable use for porous asphalt mixture, where the percentage of loss for AIV and ACV was 27.84% and 7.65% respectively. Based on the Marshall Test, porous asphalt that containing seashell as aggregate replacement shows a different result, where it had lower stability value and it can increase the bulk density of porous asphalt mixture. Furthermore, the permeability coefficient also increase. The surface of seashell able to bond with bitumen. Lastly, the trend of VFA and VTM value is effected by the surface and position of seashell in the porous asphalt sample.