Trustworthiness Values Research Articles

Comparison of Bispectral Index and Patient State Index values according to recovery from moderate neuromuscular block under steady-state total intravenous anesthesia

There were insufficient researches of the comparison between Bispectral Index (BIS) and Patient State Index (PSI) values during the recovery of moderate NMB. We investigated the response of these indices during neuromuscular blockade (NMB) reversal by sugammadex under steady-state total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) using propofol/remifentanil. In this prospective, observational study, patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were enrolled. At the end of surgery, after confirming that train-of-four (TOF) count as 1 or 2, we maintained a steady state (BIS value of 40–50). After administration of 2 mg kg−1 sugammadex, BIS, PSI, and electromyography (EMG) signal values were recorded at one-minute intervals for 10 min. The primary outcome was the difference between the changes in BIS and PSI from baseline to a TOF ratio (TOFR) of 90 after sugammadex administration in steady-state TIVA. A total of 48 patients completed this trial. There was no significant difference between the changes in BIS and PSI values from baseline to TOFR 90 (− 0.333 ± 4.955 vs. − 0.188 ± 4.616; 95% confidence interval [CI] − 2.095 to 1.803; p = 0.882). Both BIS-EMG and PSI-EMG values at baseline and TOFR 90 were not statistically different (95% CI − 0.550 to 1.092; p = 0.510, 95% CI − 1.569 to 0.527; p = 0.322, respectively). No patient experienced any complications. Changes in BIS and PSI values after NMB reversal during steady-state TIVA were not significantly different. Both BIS and PSI provide trustworthy values for monitoring anesthetic depth during NMB reversal under TIVA.Trial Registration: This study was registered in the Clinical Trial Registry of Korea (https://cris.nih.go.kr: KCT 0003805).

Celebrity gossip as a genre in English-language mass media discourse

The multidimensionality of rumours as part and parcel of mass communication has stipulated the research in their linguistic nature. The present paper studies this specific communication phenomenon and the discursive practices by means of which it is realized across the Anglophone mass media discourse continuum. The theory of discourse-analysis underpinning the present paper predetermines an integrative approach with various methods employed. This approach makes it possible to gain an insight into the complex nature of the object under study. The research is targeted at media rumours, namely celebrity gossip, manifested in on-line versions of the printed press and original web outlets in 2015-2018. The main goal of the research is to reveal specific features of media rumors as a speech genre in the Anglophone media communication. Celebrity gossip texts make up the empiric material for the present study. This aim is achieved via the description of the content and form of the text-type structure supplemented by an application of stylistic analysis. In terms of the topics, the findings demonstrate a wide variety of topoi comprising both public (social interactions) and private spheres of celebrities’ life with an emphasis on privacy, sensationalism and scandalous impropriety as dominant discursive characteristics of the text-type samples under study. The structure of the celebrity gossip discourse is represented by texts in different journalistic forms: from informative genres to feature type variations used by authors as means of constructing celebrity culture. The information of trivial content and questionable validity because of its unverified character is disguised as reports of high testimonial trustworthiness and epistemic value with the help of a variety of language and textual resources. The results of the study enable us to argue that within the mass media communication there exists a specific discourse which is hybrid by nature and non-evidential by verification.

Probe-dependent Dirac-point gap in the gadolinium-doped thallium-based topological insulator TlBi0.9Gd0.1Se2

A tunable gap in the topological surface state is of great interest for novel spintronic devices and applications in quantum computing. Here, we study the surface electronic structure and magnetic properties of the Gd-doped topological insulator $\mathrm{Tl}{\mathrm{Bi}}_{0.9}{\mathrm{Gd}}_{0.1}{\mathrm{Se}}_{2}$. Utilizing superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry, we show paramagnetic behavior down to 2 K. Combining spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with different polarizations of light, we demonstrate that the topological surface state is characterized by the Dirac cone with a helical spin structure and confirm its localization within the bulk band gap. By using different light sources in photoemission spectroscopy, various Dirac-point gap values were observed: 50 meV for $h\ensuremath{\nu}=18\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$ and 20 meV for $h\ensuremath{\nu}=6.3\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{eV}$. Here, we discuss the gap observation by the angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy method as a consequence of the scattering processes. Simulating the corresponding spectral function, we demonstrate that the asymmetric energy-distribution curve of the surface state leads to an overestimation of the corresponding gap value. We speculate that 20 meV in our case is a trustworthy value and attribute this gap to be originated by scattering both on magnetic and charge impurities provided by Gd atoms and surface defects. Given the complexity and importance of scattering processes in the topological surface state together with our observations of distinctive photoemission asymmetry, we believe our results are important for research of the massive Dirac fermions in novel quantum materials.

A trustworthiness-based vehicular recruitment scheme for information collections in Distributed Networked Systems

Because of high mobility, large number of vehicles are utilized to achieve timely and quality-based information in the smart Internet of Things, which has formulated into a dynamic Distributed Networked Systems (DNS). However, designing a vehicular recruitment scheme to enhance a security-based DNS is challenging since it is hard to judge trustworthiness values of vehicular sensors. Therefore, in this paper, a novel vehicular trust evaluation scheme is proposed to analyze and supervise the data collected by vehicular sensors with a trust and low-cost style. To obtain vehicular trusts, the proposed scheme that considers time factor and gap between sensed data and real data is designed to calculate trustworthiness of vehicles. Moreover, sensing data in the vehicle sparse regions has more contributions because of its rareness. Thus, to inspire vehicles to sense data in the vehicle sparse regions, a trustworthiness-based gradient pricing method is designed to pay rewards for the vehicular sensors. Finally, with real vehicular GPS datasets, simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can improve accuracy rate of data sensing by 37.72% and can improve data quality by 76.95%. By incentive pricing method, coverage ratio of data sensing is improved by 13.1%. In general, performances of the proposed scheme can be improved by 19. 39% to 22.32% approximately. Future works focus on improving information security by advanced machine learning methods in the dynamic DNS.

“It was probably that guy?” – The functions of reconstructive speech acts in investigative training interviews

This paper explores the pragmatic and interactional functions of reconstructive speech acts in mock police interviews, based on a model of argumentative dialogue. The aim of the paper is to illustrate how the reconstructions apparently contribute to both the interaction between the police officer and the mock suspect in the interview activity and to the interaction in the training activity, i.e. between the participants attending the training course. Drawing on functional pragmatics and grammar, the analysis seeks to examine how reconstructions on the one hand function in the socially non-cooperative interaction in the mock interview, questioning the truth value of propositions and trustworthiness of the suspect, and, on the other hand seem to fulfil a supportive purpose in the training activity.

Experimental analysis of corrugated fibreboard cutting with movable cutting disc during large-sized package manufacture

ABSTRACT The paper reports experimental research of loads (torques) that arise during cutting of corrugated fibreboard specimens by a movable cutting disc and immovable counter blades. The paper shows a method of corrugated fibreboard cutting based on the use of immovable counter blades and the cutting disc with reciprocating motion driven by electric engine. There has been designed and created experimental test bench for the research of corrugated fibreboard specimen cutting. The authors have used the strain gauge method for torque research that made possible to get their trustworthy values. The paper shows experimental research results that define technological parameters of corrugated fibreboard cutting by movable cutting disc, which minimise loads on main shaft. Results of experimental research give opportunity to get trustworthy and systematised information about torque values depending on type and thickness of the corrugated fibreboard and the influence of flute direction, cutting disc movement velocity and overlap size of tool during corrugated fibreboard cutting. The use of movable cutting disc in technological equipment for corrugated fibreboard cutting creates preconditions for high-quality manufacturing of large-sized packages from corrugated fibreboard, decreases overall dimensions and simplifies equipment design, minimises power discharge and packages manufacturing time.

Converting gambling to philanthropy and acts of patriotism: The case of “The world’s most Swedish gambling company”

This paper presents a case study of a contemporary Swedish gambling ad video from Svenska Spel published on YouTube. The study applies critical multimodal analysis to examine with what communicative strategies the state-owned operator positions itself on the soon-to-be de-regulated Swedish gambling market. The focus in the analysis lies on the linguistic and visual choices used to achieve certain communicative goals in relation to the consumer. The results show that nationalistic and patriotic values are conveyed and used in order to connect to an implied male consumer who is both ‘Swedish’ and of multi-ethnic origin; the latter being positioned as an Other in need of being taught about the Swedish values of fairness, trustworthiness and authenticity. Deleted from the advertisement is anything having to do with gambling as a social practice. Svenska Spel’s identity is visually and linguistically converted from that of a gambling company into a philanthropist whose business quite unproblematically gain society and its “Swedish” people. The study raises questions regarding demands for “moderate” gambling advertisements, and suggests that current moderation regulations miss the mark when it comes to identifying and regulating problematic ideological content in seemingly inconspicuously designed gambling advertising.

Abstract No. 629 Adverse event rates as a marker of quality in thoracenteses: is it feasible for use in a radiologic practice?

Quality improvement is a priority for many health care providers, hospitals, and policy makers. Many facilities utilize adverse event (AE) rates to monitor if standards are being met. The goal of this study was to assess whether adverse events are too sensitive to be used as a reliable quality measurement and if adverse event rates can be measured, how many observations are needed to identify a stable and trustworthy value. Using archival data adults who underwent a thoracentesis were evaluated. Facilities that fell in the top and bottom 10% for procedural volume were analyzed. Utilizing the jackknife method, pneumothorax (PTX) rates were cross-referenced to analyze trends and to determine the stability of monitoring and measuring adverse event rates. There was a significant variance in confidence intervals between facilities that performed less than 155 thoracenteses/year, thus determining the PTX rates were too variable to reliably monitor from year to year. Practices that performed over 155 thoracenteses/year had less variances within their confidence intervals, indicating those practices could reliably monitor the trends associated with PTX rates. Facilities that performed less than 155 thoracenteses/year had too much variability in PTX rates to confidently monitor trends and draw conclusions about AE rates. Practices that performed over 155 thoracenteses/year could examine the upward or downward trends over years but could not rely on a real time value with any certainty.

The Relationship of Trustworthiness and Ethical Value in the Healthcare System

Females prefer discovering social media or healthcare systems to finding information and presenting their cases with any physician; however, the behavior of physicians tends to be uncontrollable on the healthcare system. Physicians have the capacity to share all of their patients’ information with their colleagues without any permission or concern from the patients. For this reason, it is of utmost importance to design a breast self-examination system that can keep monthly track of self-exam data and communication between patient and physician. To develop such a system, identify the ethical values and trustworthiness as an indicator. Then, the survey will provide the details on ethical values and trustworthiness applicable in the system. Therefore, this research objective on the importance of ethical value and trustworthiness in the healthcare system. The survey on 772 respondents leading to the importance of the ethical value being used in the healthcare system is required. The ethical value of interaction, integrity, confidentiality, protection, caring, and fairness have a significant influence on the healthcare system. The path coefficients are answering Hypothesis I in presenting the positive relationship and significant effect between ethical value and BSE system (P<.001). On the other side, trustworthiness has a significant influence on the healthcare system. The path coefficients are answering Hypothesis II in presenting the positive relationship and significant effect between trustworthiness and the BSE system (P<.001). Finally, the relationship in healthcare between trustworthiness and ethical value is on integrity with honesty and belief.

A Bayesian Networks-Based Method to Analyze the Validity of the Data of Software Measurement Programs

Measures are essential resources to improve quality and control costs during software development. One of the main factors for having successful software measurement programs is measure trustworthiness, defined as how much a user can trust a measure to use it with confidence. Such confidence enables the users to interpret them and use them for supporting decision-making. ISO/IEC 15939:2007 describes four stages that influence such interpretability: measure selection, measure validation, threshold definition, and data validation. The literature is scarce in supporting data validation, which directly impacts the measure's trustworthiness value. This article aims to detail a method that uses Bayesian networks for supporting data validation and shows its application in practice to four software development projects from one company. The proposed method uses Bayesian networks to calculate the degree to which a collected number or symbol represents the real value for the measures and is integrated with GQM for assessing the measurement program's goals. First, the measurement users must create GQM model hierarchical structures, use it as input for constructing the Bayesian network, validate the Bayesian network, and, finally, use it to support decision-making. A tool to support the proposed method was developed and is freely available. Further, herein, the results of the case study are presented. We identified four benefits in using the proposed method: Externalization, Diagnosis support, Measure interpretation improvement, and Decision-making support. Given this, even though the initial effort to use the proposed method lasted, on average, one hour and fourteen minutes, the benefits of using it outweighed the effort of applying it. Therefore, our findings suggest that there was a positive intention in adopting the proposed method in practice.

Ethnicity, religiosity and SME innovation outcomes: some insights from a Muslim ethnic group

The paper aims to examine the effects of socio-cultural factors (i.e., socio-cultural values, ethnicity, and religiosity) on business innovation (i.e., SME innovation outcomes) in an entirely Muslim ethnic (i.e., Minangkabau ethnic group in Indonesia). There has been little research done to reveal the relationship between ethnicity, societal values, religiosity, and innovation outcomes in a totally Muslim community. The present study uses a quantitative approach, PLS method, that utilises SmartPLS 4.0. A survey of 150 Muslim respondents from the Minangkabau ethnic small and medium-sized enterprises had been carried out. It was found that ethnicity had no impact on the SME innovation outcomes. Likewise, religiosity did not moderate the relationship between ethnicity and innovation outcomes. Minangkabau societal values which are a unity between Islamic values and tradition have a positive and significant effect on the innovation outcomes. Implicitly, maximising Minangkabau networks that prioritises the values of cooperation, honesty and trustworthiness will enhance Minangkabau SME innovation outcomes.

Enhancing the efficiency of Iterative Filtering Algorithm and sensors material analysis

Wireless Sensor Networks are exposed to hostile and malignant environments, so they are vulnerable to collusion attacks leading to compromised nodes and hence false data injection. Hence there is a requirement of secure data aggregation techniques. Iterative Filtering Algorithms provide secure data aggregation by imparting trustworthiness values to the nodes in the form of weight factors. In Iterative filtering algorithm, the most significant aspect for calculating weights is the selection of proper discriminant function. Different converging rates are furnished by different discriminant functions leading to different efficiencies. In this paper, we will be observing the effect of implementing the Iterative Filtering Algorithm with two new discriminant functions and comparing the convergence rates and hence the efficiency imparted by these two new discriminant functions with the existing discriminant functions. Also, we will be investigating and discussing the various material aspects for selecting suitable material for sensor nodes. We will also be considering the possibility of using biodegradable materials to manufacture sensor nodes.

Fancying the New Rich and Famous? Explicating the Roles of Influencer Content, Credibility, and Parental Mediation in Adolescents' Parasocial Relationship, Materialism, and Purchase Intentions.

While social media influencers are gleaning increasing trust and investment from brands, advertisers, and followers, insights on the role of influencers in adolescents’ relationship formation and consumption behaviors are still rare. Drawing on the literatures of influencer content value, influencer credibility, parental mediation, and parasocial relationship (PSR), this study proposed a conceptual model that expounds the appeal of influencers among adolescents. To test the model, we administered an online survey – recruited in proportion to demographic quotas (i.e., age, gender and ethnicity) – among 500 United States adolescents (aged 10- to 19-years old) via Qualtrics panel. Results revealed that, the entertainment value of influencer-generated content, influencer expertise, trustworthiness, attractiveness, and followers’ perceived similarity to their favorite influencers, are positively related to the perceived PSR between adolescent followers and their favorite influencers, which in turn, are associated with adolescents’ materialistic views and purchase intentions. We also explored the role of parental mediation of adolescents’ social media use in their PSR with influencers. Results indicate that, neither active mediation nor restrictive mediation is related to the PSR between adolescents and influencers. Active mediation is negatively associated with adolescents’ materialism, whereas restrictive mediation is positively related to adolescents’ purchase intentions toward influencer-promoted products. This study proposed and tested a comprehensive conceptual model that accounts for the role of influencers in adolescent followers’ materialism and purchase intentions. This study yields three major theoretical contributions. First, it adopts and applies the concept of PSR from the literature of media psychology to explicate influencers’ appeal among adolescents, which lays a theoretical foundation for future research on the impact of influencers. Second, it advances the current literature on social media influencers by specifying key contributing factors for the development of adolescents’ PSR with influencers. Lastly, it explores the roles of the two facets of parental mediation – active and restrictive mediation – in the appeal of influencers among adolescents, which offers directions for future research of parental mediation in the influencer context.

SYARI'AH OPTIMIZATION OF BUSINESS THEORY IN PREVENTING RIBA PRACTICES IN MURABAHAH CONTRACT (Case Study at Muamalat Indonesian Bank)

This study aims to (1) determine the determination of the murabahah contract margin from the Asset / Liability Management Committee (ALCO) perspective, (2) know the Shari'ah Enterprise Theory (SET) approach in realizing the murabahah contract margin system in accordance with sharia principles. This research is a qualitative research using an interpretive paradigm with a phenomenological approach that takes the location of research at Bank Muamalat Indonesia. Data collection was carried out using the interview method with informants and some other secondary supporting data obtained from the entity's official website. The data management and analysis techniques are carried out through three stages, namely through data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing (verification).The results of the research show that the implementation of the Murabahah contract margin system at Bank Muamalat Indonesia is considered not to have fully implemented the sharia concepts and principles. This is because the ALCO Team is still based on the BI (Bank Indonesia) rate so that the determination of margins is still in accordance with the prevailing interest rates at Bank Indonesia. Thus, it can be said that Bank Muamalat still contains elements of usury because it makes BI interest rates as a material consideration in determining the applicable margin in Islamic banks. So that SET is considered able to realize the murabahah contract margin system because it contains the values of justice, truth, honesty, trustworthiness and accountability and is expected to complement or improve the margin system of the murabahah agreement to conform to the actual sharia principles.

Healing the Past by Nurturing the Future—co-designing perinatal strategies for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander parents experiencing complex trauma: framework and protocol for a community-based participatory action research study

IntroductionChild maltreatment and other traumatic events can have serious long-term physical, social and emotional effects, including a cluster of distress symptoms recognised as ‘complex trauma’. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander...

The Interactive Effects of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Islamic Values and Business Success: A Conceptual Study

It is undeniable, the Small and Medium Enterprises help much in boosting the economic growth in many countries. Hence, many scholars have studied on its success factors throughout different perspectives, including Entrepreneurial Orientation, Islamic values and business success. However, past studies revealed contradictory results on EO and business success relationship. Furthermore, limited empirical studies on the effect of Islamic values were found in the context of SMEs especially the Malay entrepreneurs. Accordingly, this study aims to examine the interactive effects of EO on business success with the integration of moderation effects of Islamic values of Trustworthiness (Amanah), Truthfulness (Siddiq), Communicative (Tabligh) and Wisdom (Fathonah). Besides, this study will contribute to the selected theories of Islamic Leadership Theory and Human Capital Theory. The development of the theoretical model is expected to shed a new light of the constructs under reviewed and would elevate the business success among Malays SMEs.

Understanding youth activism and radicalism: Chinese values and socialization

In the past decade, there has been an evident surge in political activism in Hong Kong, especially among the youth. This paper seeks to explain this development by adopting an emerging framework, the Activism–Radicalism Intention Scale (ARIS), that distinguishes between activism and radicalism and demonstrates how past and current intentions relate to each other. To explain how young people become politically motivated, we borrow from existing literature and test three dominant explanations, namely the liberal education thesis, critical network analysis, and value-systems explanation. Using results from a survey conducted with tertiary students in Hong Kong, we find the critical network to be an important explanation of participation. Interestingly, the Chinese values of trustworthiness and social harmony also play a role in shaping youth activism and radicalism, but in less predictable ways. This study contributes to the literature by providing an innovative way to systematically analyze youth activism and assess the influence of Chinese values.

Truth discovery on inconsistent relational data

In this era of big data, data are often collected from multiple sources that have different reliabilities, and there is inevitable conflict with respect to the various information obtained when it relates to the the same object. One important task is to identify the most trustworthy value out of all the conflicting claims, and this is known as truth discovery. Existing truth discovery methods simultaneously identify the most trustworthy information and source reliability degrees and are based on the idea that more reliable sources often provide more trustworthy information, and vice versa. However, there are often semantic constrains defined upon relational database, which can be violated by a single data source. To remove violations, an important task is to repair data to satisfy the constrains, and this is known as data cleaning. The two problems above may coexist, but considering them together can provide some benefits, and to the authors knowledge, this has not yet been the focus of any research. In this paper, therefore, a schema-decomposing based method is proposed to simultaneously discover the truth and to clean the data, with the aim of improving accuracy. Experimental results using real world data sets of notebooks and mobile phones, as well as simulated data sets, demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed method.

Empirical Investigation of factors affecting information and communication technologies (icts) in Agric-Business among small scale farmers in Esan Community, Edo State, Nigeria

ICTs are vital technologies for the development of agricultural sector in Nigeria. Its usage has created wealth to many, both in developed and developing countries. The study evaluated the usage of ICT in agricultural practices and determined factors influencing its usage among farmers in Esan community of Edo State, Nigeria. Data used for the study were generated from a sample of 75 respondents using structured questionnaire and interview schedule. Data collected were analysed using inferential statistical method. The result of ANOVA analysis revealed that factors limiting the use of ICT on farming activities among small scale farmers in the community include inability of farmers to use ICT (0.017 ≤ 0.05), lack of technological infrastructure (0.012 ≤ 0.05), cost of technology (0.039 ≤ 0.05), fear of technology (0.015 ≤ 0.05), time to spend on technology (0.026 ≤ 0.05), value of ICT (0.011 ≤ 0.05) and trustworthiness (0.007 ≤ 0.05). These factors are significant at 0.05 level of significance and tend to have varying impact on the adoption of ICT with respect to age, implying that lower age group tend to favour factors such as: time spent on technology, value of ICT and trustworthiness, while higher age group are compatible with technological infrastructure and the inability to use ICT. The study concluded that the adoption of ICT begins at lower age group, While, at higher age group, this tendency tends to decline. The study recommends that aggressive policy of digital revolution should be lunch in the community and could re-orient farmers and make them conversant with the beneficial effect of ICT in agricultural process.

Standard Gibbs Energy of Metabolic Reactions: III The 3-Phosphoglycerate Kinase Reaction.

The glycolytic pathway is one of the most studied metabolic pathways to date. This work focuses on determining the standard Gibbs energy of reaction (ΔRg0) of the first adenosine triphosphate-yielding reaction step of glycolysis, namely, the 3-phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) reaction. Trustworthy values of ΔRg0 are required for thermodynamic approaches to determine single reaction conversions or even fluxes of metabolic reactions. In literature, the observed ΔRg0,obs values are usually determined directly from the experimental equilibrium composition data without accounting for the nonideality of the reaction mixture. That is the reason why the observed ΔRg0,obs values do not present consistent standard data as they are a function of the concentration, pH, and pMg. In this work, a combination of experimentally determined equilibrium composition data and activity coefficients of the reacting agents was used to determine ΔRg0 values for the temperatures 303, 313, and 323 K at pH 7. The activity coefficients were predicted with the thermodynamic model electrolyte perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid theory (ePC-SAFT). The ePC-SAFT parameters were taken from literature or fitted to new experimental osmotic coefficients. At 313.15 K, a value for ΔRg0 of −16.2 ± 0.2 kJ/mol was obtained. This value is about 4 kJ/mol less negative than what is usually considered as an accepted standard value. The reason behind this discrepancy was found to be the activity coefficients of the reacting agents, which dramatically influence the equilibrium position of the PGK reaction. On the basis of the temperature-dependent ΔRg0 values, the standard enthalpy of reaction was determined and found to be ΔRh0 = −49 ± 9 kJ/mol.