Value Of Rp Research Articles

Management strategies for the potential and value of mangrove forest ecosystem services in the Panango area of south Bolaang Mongondow regency

The Panango area is an area that has mangrove forests in its coastal areas that are used for ecotourism, fisheries, and environmental conservation. Mangrove forests in the area have the potential and value of important benefits to the surrounding community which has been using them for a long time, but data and information are not yet available, so it is necessary to identify and assess the ecosystem services in the area. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential and value of the benefits of mangrove ecosystem services in the Panango area in terms of provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting functions, and to determine strategies for managing the mangrove forest in the area. This research uses primary data obtained through field observations, namely observation of research objects, completion of questionnaires, and interviews with respondents. Secondary data was obtained from local government data and other data sources relevant to the research. The research data analysis technique was carried out by calculating the total economic value of each mangrove ecosystem service and SWOT analysis to determine mangrove area management strategies. This study concluded that the economic value of the potential and benefits of mangrove forest ecosystem services in the Panango area in total Rp. 26,259,380,092/year consisting of the value of service providers of Rp. 684,300,000/year, the potential for regulatory services as a wave breaker with a benefit value of Rp. 9,705,300,000/10 years, the potential value as a cultural service of Rp. 15,846,000,000/year, and the potential value as a supporting service of Rp. 23,780,092/year. Strategies that can be used in sustainable management of the potential and value of the benefits of mangrove forest ecosystem services in Panango area are through conservation efforts to protect and manage the area by involving joint participation between local governments and communities and other stakeholders.

Kontribusi perikanan pukat cincin yang berpangkalan di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Tumumpa terhadap PDRB Kota Manado di masa Covid-19

Covid-19 brought their intensive effects in marine fishery subsector in Manado by the end of 2019. The research aimed at finding out how far the effect of purse seine fishery contribute on Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) Manado between before and after Covid-19. Secondary data collected from of BPS Manado dan North Sulawesi in 2018 - 2022, while primary data i.e purse seiner’s catches and its value production from the annual reports of Tumumpa coastal fishing port by direct observation on board. Data was analyzed using Location Quotient (LQ) approach. The result of data analysis showed, there was a declining production during Covid-19 due to a lack of fishing operation activities, having a consequence in fish production value decreasing, because the fish distribution obstruction from the centres of producer to the centres of consumer. Before Covid-19 period, it gained the average catches of 10,7 million tons.yrs-1 (increasing 17,46% yrs-1), with production value of Rp. 159,6 billion yrs-1 (increase 23,23% yrs-1). During Covid-19, average cathes of purse seiner was 11,3 billion tons yrs-1 (decline 8,25% yrs-1) and production value of Rp. 204,3 billion yrs-1 in average (decline of 8,30% yrs-1). Purse seine fishery contribution on GRDP Manado decrease from 0,10% yrs-1 before Covid-19 (2017-2019) to - 0.42% yrs-1 during Covid-19 (2020-2012). During these two periods, (marine) fishery subsector had a LQ < 1, meant that this subsector was really not a basis of the subsector. To fulfill the Manado society consumption on fishes, it is required to supply fishes from other locations. The other side, the business of purse seiner fishery brought an agreeable advantage.

Prediksi Harga Saham PT. Unilever Indonesia TBK Dengan Metode Regresi Linier Sederhana

The world of investment is a dynamic market characterized by its fluctuations, including changes in stock values. This research is motivated by the need to predict stock prices with high accuracy to support more precise investment decision-making. PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk is one of the leading companies in Indonesia, and thus, forecasting its stock prices holds strategic value for investors. However, predicting stock prices is a complex task influenced by various economic and company-specific factors. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the simple linear regression method in forecasting the stock prices of PT. Unilever Indonesia Tbk. The results show that this method can produce accurate predictions, with a forecasted value of Rp 2,707 and a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 2.65%. The application of this method has significant contributions in the investment world, where accurate stock price predictions can assist investors in determining the optimal timing for investment transactions.

Financial Analysis of Sawn Timber Sales at Buana Alam Trade Business in Palu City, Central Sulawesi

Introduction: Forests have an important role in meeting the needs of human life. In addition to having benefits for life, forests also have many benefits, one of which is benefits in the economic sector. Development in the forestry sector is directed at optimal and sustainable utilization of forest resources and strives to improve the welfare of people's lives. Utilization of forest resources, especially timber forest products to be used as sawn timber. sawn timber is semi-finished goods because it will be further processed into other products, for example, sawn products are processed into molding products, flooring furniture, and others that are specific. This study aims to determine the financial aspects of sawn timber processing at Buana Alam Trading Business. This research was conducted for two months from March 2023 to April 2023, which took place at the Buana Alam Trade Business in Palu City, Central Sulawesi. Method: This research uses a purposive sampling method at the location and 1 respondent, namely the leader or business owner as a research sample. This research calculates business finances for 13 years of operation. Results and Discussion: The results of this study indicate that the financial analysis of the sawn timber business obtained an NPV value of Rp. 389,806,900, BCR 2.09 and IRR 22.9% of the Buana Alam Trading Business shows a positive value, so that the Buana Alam Trading Business is feasible to continue and based on the results of business financial analysis using NPV calculations, the Buana Alam Business is feasible to continue. Conclusion: The results of the financial analysis of the sawn timber business for 13 years of operation obtained an NPV value of Rp. 389,806,900, BCR 2.09, and IRR 22.9%. Based on the results of research using financial analysis, the Buana Alam trade business in Palu City is feasible to continue.

Assessment of genetic diversity of Stephania rotunda Lour. collected in Northern Vietnam using RAPD and ISSR markers

Stephania rotunda Lour. is a valuable traditional medicinal plant that is in danger of extinction. This research aimed to examine the genetic relationship of 32 Stephania rotunda Lour. accessions collected in Vietnam by using RAPD and ISSR markers. 14 RAPD and 14 ISSR primers successfully detected 163 loci of which 133 (80.19%) were polymorphic and a total of 3047 scorable bands were obtained. The 14 RAPD markers produced 1346 scorable bands, 89.63% of which were polymorphic while 14 ISSR primers resulted in 1701 bands, 70.76% of which were polymorphic. The RAPD primers showed a mean PIC of 0.3 and Rp value of 2.28 while the average PIC and Rp indexes for ISSR markers were 0.20 and 1.47, respectively. UPGMA dendrogram obtained from cluster analysis of RAPD and ISSR combined data grouped 32 accessions into five clusters at 76% variation with Jaccard's similarity coefficient varying from 0.586 to 0.951. Moreover, principal component analysis was also used to determine genetic relationships among 32 collected accessions. The results showed high genetic dissimilarity among 32 Stephania rotunda Lour. Correlation analysis between the matrices of similarity coefficient was measured using Mantel’s test. A moderate correlation value (r = 0.543) between RAPD vs ISSR matrices, but the strong correlation value between RAPD and pooled data (r = 0.930) and between ISSR and combined matrices (r = 0.814) were obtained, suggesting a combination of RAPD and ISSR markers appears to be productive in studying the genetic variance in Stephania rotunda Lour. Our results could provide a solid foundation for further conservation management and breeding programs of Stephania rotunda Lour.

Utilizing PVSyst for planning a hybrid system rooftop solar power plant at Makassar Eye Hospital

Installing rooftop Solar Power Plants (SPP) represents the most efficient solution for reducing substantial electricity consumption in office buildings and hospitals, as Makassar Eye Hospital exemplifies. The research commences by addressing concerns about electricity availability and daily usage at the hospital while evaluating the solar radiation potential. Subsequently, the development of the SPP system begins. A location assessment is conducted using various tools to gather the necessary data for SPP design. In this study, the planning phase involves the utilization of PVSyst software for the technical analysis of electrical energy generation and system performance calculations. Additionally, the economic analysis includes evaluating the initial investment costs for establishing the SPP and considering prevailing market prices for components. The feasibility of the SPP investment is determined by calculating key financial metrics, including the Payback Period (PP), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Profitability Index (PI), and Return on Investment (ROI). According to the economic analysis findings, the initial investment cost for the SPP amounts to Rp. 544.031.733. The energy production value per kilowatt-hour (kWh) stands at Rp. 1.278, resulting in a Payback Period (PP) of 13,8 years, a Net Present Value (NPV) of Rp. 138.182.638, an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 11.51%, and a Return on Investment (ROI) of 25.4%. These results affirm the plan's feasibility, as the IRR value surpasses the Discount Rate (8.43%).

Assessment of blended cement containing waste basalt powder: physicomechanical and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy investigations

Basalt powder (BP) is the residue of a plant that crushes basalt stones. This work deals with the effect of waste BP on the properties of cement mortars and the physical properties of hardened mortars. Modified concrete was prepared by partial replacement of BP in amount of 5, 10, 20% by weight of cement. Physico-mechanical properties and corrosion resistance were investigated. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to examine the corrosion behavior of cement pastes with a partial addition of basalt powder in aggressive solutions of 5% NaCl and 5% MgCl2 for up to 270 days. Infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) were also performed to investigate the hydration process and microstructure formation of the basalt blended paste. Results indicate that the addition of basalt powder as a partial replacement of cement influences the microstructure of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ), which is denser and stronger than in cement paste without basalt powder. The filler effect of the basalt powder improves the compressive strength of cement paste. Also, comparing BP0 and BP20 in 5% NaCl after 270 days, the partial substitution of cement with BP resulted in a higher compressive strength of 671 and 895 kg/cm2, respectively. The EIS results also showed the highest values of Rp 953 ohms cm2 after 270 days. This high corrosion resistance might indicate the binding by high Al2O3 that reduced the free aggressive chloride ions in the solution.

Supply Chain Analysis Orchid and Impact on Orchid Commodities Sales in Rawa Belong Market Jakarta

This study aims to 1) determine the flow of products, finance and information of orchid commodities and their impact on sales in Pasar Rawa Belong Jakarta and 2) determine marketing efficiency according to marketing margins and farmer's share. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative descriptive is used to determine the product flow, financial flow and information flow of vanda douglas orchid in Pamulang Sub-district while quantitative is used to determine the marketing efficiency of vanda douglas orchid in Pamulang based on marketing margin and farmer's share. The sampling technique was purposive sampling for farmers, village collectors, wholesalers and retailers. Data analysis techniques used are descriptive analysis and marketing margin analysis. The results showed that there were four marketing channels formed in the orchid supply chain in Pamulang District consisting of product flow, financial flow and information flow in each marketing channel. Marketing channel III is the most efficient channel with a marketing efficiency value of 3.36% and has entered the criteria <5%, the total marketing margin value of Rp 300 / stem and the farmer's share value of 85%.

Supply Chain Analysis Orchid and Impact on Orchid Commodities Sales in Rawa Belong Market Jakarta

This study aims to 1) determine the flow of products, finance and information of orchid commodities and their impact on sales in Pasar Rawa Belong Jakarta and 2) determine marketing efficiency according to marketing margins and farmer's share. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative and quantitative. Qualitative descriptive is used to determine the product flow, financial flow and information flow of vanda douglas orchid in Pamulang Sub-district while quantitative is used to determine the marketing efficiency of vanda douglas orchid in Pamulang based on marketing margin and farmer's share. The sampling technique was purposive sampling for farmers, village collectors, wholesalers and retailers. Data analysis techniques used are descriptive analysis and marketing margin analysis. The results showed that there were four marketing channels formed in the orchid supply chain in Pamulang District consisting of product flow, financial flow and information flow in each marketing channel. Marketing channel III is the most efficient channel with a marketing efficiency value of 3.36% and has entered the criteria <5%, the total marketing margin value of Rp 300 / stem and the farmer's share value of 85%.

A surface and corrosion characterisation of micro arc oxidation treated friction stir welded ZM21 and ZE41 magnesium alloy: a comparison study

Magnesium alloys have gained attention as promising materials in industrial applications, for their high specific strength and low density. Magnesium alloys have desirable mechanical properties, but their poor corrosion resistance prevents their safe implementation. Alloys such as ZM21 and ZE41, possess unique properties that provide improved machinability and increased red-hot strength, respectively, while remaining prone to corrosion. To improve corrosion resistance, surface treatments and coating processes are employed. Comparing the corrosion characteristics of ZM21 and ZE41 is vital for aerospace and automotive applications, directly affecting component durability, reliability, and performance against corrosion. Magnesium alloys are frequently joined through friction stir welding (FSW), hence, similar importance is provided to studying the corrosion performance of welds, since FSW introduces microstructural changes that alter corrosion performance of welded joints. The paper discusses electrochemical corrosion mechanisms and analyzes the effect of Micro Arc Oxidation (MAO) coating on electrode potential, passivity, and electrical resistance of ZM21 and ZE41 plates welded through FSW. MAO treatments were performed on both base material and FSW joints. The corrosion performance of MAO-coated FSWed ZM21 and ZE41 alloys was compared through the Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) and Potentiodynamic Polarisation (PDP) tests. The PDP test revealed that MAO treatment enhanced the corrosion resistance of both base and FSWed ZM21 and ZE41 magnesium alloys. There was an improvement in potential polarization (Rp) values from 565 Ω cm2 to 11245 Ω cm2 for ZM21 and from 1184.4 Ω cm2 to 11435.69 Ω cm2 for ZE41 alloys. While exhibiting improvements in corrosion resistance, MAO-treated ZE41 performed better than MAO-treated ZM21. PDP results were verified through confirmatory EIS results. Therefore, MAO treatments are effective methods to improve the corrosion performance of Mg alloys. Evaluation of MAO coating performance on various FSW Mg alloys and studying their corrosion performance is crucial for engineering material selection.

Earned Value Analysis Terhadap Biaya dan Waktu pada Proyek Pembangunan Gudang Produksi PP. Indopack Printing Nganjuk

Earned Value Analysis is a technique of analyzing cost and time to obtain the performance achieved per time on a project, so that users are able to predict the cost and time required to complete the remaining project work. The prediction is calculated with the assumption that the performance of completing the rest of the project will be the same and constant as the performance obtained when the review was conducted. Thus, a system is needed to integrate cost and time information. The Earned Value concept is an analysis used in project management by integrating cost and time. The results show the value of Cost Variance (CV) week 16 during the review of Rp.1,995,516,896, Schedule Variance (SV) of Rp.-162,490,873 which shows there is no cost overrun in implementation but the schedule is not according to plan. While the Schedule Performance Index (SPI) value of 0.994 < 1 and Cost Performance Index (CPI) of 1.070 means that the project is delayed but still profitable. The results of the analysis of the costs required to complete the remaining project Estimate To Complate (ETC) at week 16 review with a value of Rp. 19,270,138,044. While the results of the analysis of the amount of time required to complete the Estimate To Schedule (ETS) project amounted to 126.76 with a rounding of 127 days.

KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL AGROFORESTRI DAN KEBUTUHAN HIDUP LAYAK PETANI DI DESA LAMBUSANGO KECAMATAN KAPONTORI KABUPATEN BUTON

The increase in population and basic needs has led to an increase in the need for larger agricultural areas and to be cultivated more intensively. Based on this, optimal land processing activities are needed for maximum results to address increasing needs, by implementing an agroforestry system. Agroforestry provides increased harvest intensity which in the end is able to provide additional output, even though the area of ​​cultivated land is very limited. The aim of this research is to determine the financial feasibility of agroforestry and the needs for a decent living in Lambusango Village, Kapontori District, Buton Regency. The population in this study were people who had an agroforestry planting pattern in Lambusango Village, consisting of 25 heads of families (HoF). Thus, the sample size in this study was determined using the census method. The data analysis used is analysis of financial feasibility and decent living needs (DLN). The results of this research indicate that agroforestry activities in Lambusango Village are financially feasible, with the agroforestry pattern that provides the greatest benefits, namely the Agrosilvopostura II pattern with an NPV value of Rp. 121,310,123,- BCR value of 2.74 and IRR value of 9%. Business of agroforestry systems in Lambusango Village with net income of IDR. 10,576,369/year has not been met based on Decent Living Needs (KHL) of IDR 24,000,000/year. Keywords: Agroforestry, Decent Living Feasibility, Financial Feasibility, Lambusango Village

PHYLOGENETIC STUDY OF TEN SPECIES FROM CENTAUREA (ASTERACEAE) IN DUHOK CITY, KURDISTAN REGION-IRAQ

The current research aimed to estimate the evolutionary relationships of ten Centaurea L. species growing naturally in the Duhok City, Kurdistan region of Iraq. The combing Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) markers with Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) gene region barcode were performed. To detect the DNA sequence variations and phylogenetic tree reconstruction, the Dice similarity matrix, the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) clustering and Maximum Likelihood (ML) methods were applied. 104 polymorphic bands were scored with an average of 10.4. The Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) and Resolving Power (Rp) values ranged between (0.24 to 0.36) and 3.4 in primer (SCoT1) to 12 in primer (SCoT53) with an average of 0.319 and 5.74 respectively. The lowest similarity value was 0.52 between C. behen L. and C. solstitialis L., while the highest was 0.82 between C. balsamita and C. rigida. The reconstructed polytomous dendrogram was as follows: clade one; C. solstitialis L.; clade 2, C. balsamita Lam. and C. virgata Lam.; clade three subdivide into two subclades: C. iberica Trev. ex Spreng., C. hayalolepis Boiss., C. brugueriana (DC) Hand. Mazz. and C. gigantea Sch. Bip. Ex Boiss., C. regia Boiss., C. rigida Banks & Sol., C. behen Lam. Furthermore, C. brugueriana (DC) Hand. Mazz., C. iberica Trev. ex Spreng, C. behen L., C. solstiotialis L. and C. balsamita Lam. were nested with National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). In contrast, the remaining taxa were mixed with other closely related species. Thus, ScoT markers and ITS DNA barcode were considerably effective for investigating the evolutionary relationships of Centaurea taxa.

ANALYSIS OF COST AND TIME PERFORMANCE ON THE EAST SURABAYA HOSPITAL CONSTRUCTION PROJECT USING THE EARNED VALUE METHOD

The construction of the East Surabaya Hospital is a multiyear project, starting from 2023 to 2024. The project has a contract value of Rp. This 494,603,098,000 is funded by the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget (APBD) of the Surabaya City Government. This research aims to analyze the cost and time performance of the project. The method used is the earned value method. The results of the cost and time performance analysis using the Earning Value method show that the cost performance and time performance of the East Surabaya Hospital Construction in the 22nd (twenty-second) week is considered not good. This result is shown by the Cost Variance value of Rp. - 608,118,565 and Schedule Variance value Rp. - 44,410,784,255. The Cost Performance Index value of 0.996 and the Schedule Performance Index value of 0.76 also shows that the cost and time performance of this project in the 22nd (twenty-second) week is not in good condition.

Detection of Anthocyanins in Potatoes Using Micro-Hyperspectral Images Based on Convolutional Neural Networks.

The color potato has the function of both a food and vegetable. The color potato not only contains various amino acids and trace elements needed by the human body but also contains anthocyanins. Anthocyanins have many functions, such as antioxidation, inflammation inhibition, vision improvement, and cancer prevention, so colored potatoes are deeply loved by consumers and have good market prospects. However, at present, the detection of anthocyanin content in color potatoes mainly depends on chemical methods, which are time-consuming and laborious, so it is necessary to study a fast and accurate detection method. In this study, microscopic hyperspectral equipment was used to collect the spectral information of the outer skin and inner skin of potatoes. The original spectrum, pretreatment spectrum, and characteristic spectrum variables of the outer skin and inner skin were predicted by the convolution neural network (CNN) algorithm and partial least squares regression (PLS) algorithm, respectively, and the performance of the model was evaluated by the prediction set correlation coefficient (Rp), prediction set root mean square error (RMSEP), correction set correlation coefficient (Rc), correction set root mean square error (RMSEC), and residual prediction deviation (RPD). The results revealed that the inner skin Raw + CNN model constructed under raw spectral data is optimal with Rc = 0.9508, RMSEC = 0.0374%, Rp = 0.9461, RMSEP = 0.2361% and RPD = 4.4933. The inner skin Savitzky-Golay (SG) + Detrend (DET) + CNN model constructed from pre-processed spectral data is optimal with Rc = 0.9499, RMSEC = 0.0359%, Rp = 0.9439, RMSEP = 0.2384%, RPD = 4.6516. The inner skin DET + competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) +CNN model constructed from the feature-based spectral data was optimal with Rc = 0.9527, RMSEC = 0.0708%, Rp = 0.9457, RMSEP = 0.2711%, and RPD = 4.1623. It can be seen that the Rp, RMSEP, Rc, RMSEC, and RPD values for modeling the spectral information of the inner skin were higher than those of the outer skin under the three different spectral data. The prediction accuracy of the model built by the CNN algorithm was better than the conventional algorithm PLS, the application of the CNN algorithm in inner skin can achieve accurate prediction of anthocyanin content in potato.

Durability of externally strengthened concrete prisms with CFRP laminates and galvanized steel mesh attached with epoxy adhesives and mortar

The long-term bond degradation and strength retention of flexural bond prisms strengthened with carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite and galvanized steel mesh (GSM) systems, bonded to concrete using epoxy adhesives and cement-based mortar under aggressive conditioning regimes are compared in this paper. Notched prisms strengthened using low-cord density steel mesh (LSM) with epoxy (SME-strengthened) and cement mortar (SMM-strengthened), and CFRP-epoxy systems were weathered under saline water and direct sunlight for a period of 28 and 540 days. The results of the study were analyzed based on experimentally obtained ultimate load (Pu) values and empirically calculated average bond shear stress (τavg) and prism strength retention (Rp) values. The bond strength degraded by 39 and 34 % in CFRP strengthened, 2.9 and 33 % in SME strengthened, and 2.8 and 10.8 % in SMM-strengthened specimens following the 540-day exposure to saline water and direct sunlight, respectively. The average prism retention ratio was calculated to be 0.61 and 0.66 for CFRP-strengthened, 0.97 and 0.67 for SME-strengthened, and 0.97 and 0.89 for SMM-strengthened specimens after 540 days of saline water and direct sunlight exposure. Flexural prism environment strength reduction factors (CE) were proposed as 0.60, 0.95, and 0.95 for CFRP, SME, and SMM-strengthened specimens under saline water exposures and 0.65, 0.65, and 0.85 for CFRP, SME, and SMM strengthened specimens under direct sunlight exposures. Saline water exposure was observed to be most critical to all strengthening systems. Although CFRP-strengthened specimens showed minimum degradation in load-carrying capacity under both conditioning regimes, they showed maximum bond strength reduction in contrast to SMM-strengthened specimens. It was observed that the choice of bonding agent significantly influenced the extent of bond strength degradation under extreme exposure regimes, like those that prevail in the UAE and the Persian Gulf.

Synergistically improving the performance of spinel cathode for efficient oxygen reduction electrocatalyst

Optimizing the performance of ceramic fuel cells requires the creation of effective and inexpensive electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction process. Here, we detail a plan for converting the inert spinel CoAl2O4 into a highly active and superior material for low-temperature ceramic fuel cells through Fe substitution. It turns out that the iron substitution aids in surface reconstruction, increasing oxidation-reduction reaction (ORR) activity. In addition, the reduction in energy bandgap due to Fe doping enhance the Cathode ORR performance, which may be triggered by the ions' kinetics at the surface and interface. The surface layer and Fe doping considerably aid the oxidation-reduction reaction, which creates more oxygen vacancies at the active oxygen site. The prepared materials exhibit enhanced fuel cell performance of 542 mW/cm2 at a temperature of 520 °C. Remarkably, the prepared cathode exhibits a commendable performance of 200 mW/cm2 at a temperature of 420 °C.Furthermore, the CoFe1Al1O4 cell exhibits a decreased Rp (polarization resistance) value of 0.6423 ohm-cm2 at a temperature of 520 °C, demonstrating rapid ORR kinetics. The distribution relaxation time (DRT) shows that the Cathode oxidation-reduction reaction (ORR) activity increased with Fe doping. We present a promising method for improving the oxidation-reduction reaction efficiency of low-temperature ceramic fuel cells.

Influence of riboflavin on the corrosion of X80 pipeline steel by Sulfate reducing bacteria

The sulfate reducing bacteria(SRB) is commonly attached to the surface of buried pipeline steel, and the electron shuttle in the corrosion medium can promote the release of electrons from iron oxidation through the bacterial cell wall into the cytoplasm to accelerate the corrosion of anode iron. This study investigated the impact of riboflavin (RF) as an endogenous electron shuttle on the corrosion behavior of X80 pipeline steel in SRB system. The findings indicated that while the type of corrosion products remains unchanged in samples under SRB+10 mg l−1 RF system, there was an expansion in both area and depth of corrosion pits on the sample surface, resulting in a corrosion loss rate approximately 3 times higher than that observed in SRB system. Furthermore, the polarization resistance (Rp) value of the sample in SRB system is about 2 ∼ 5 times that of the sample in SRB+10 mg l−1 RF system. Additionally, the corrosion current density of X80 pipeline steel samples soaked in SRB and SRB +10 mg l−1 RF system for 14 days is 9.31 × 10-6 A·cm−2 and 1.28 × 10−5 A·cm−2, and the addition of 10 mg l−1 RF increases the corrosion current density of SRB system by about 37.49%. These results indicated that the reaction resistance of SRB-induced MIC in X80 pipeline steel was significantly reduced due to the presence of RF.

Financial feasibility of swallow business in Selerong Village, Kutai Kartanegara Regency

This study aims to analyze the financial feasibility of the swallow business in Selerong Village, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. This research uses quantitative methods. Sample withdrawal with nonprobability sampling technique. This research uses financial analysis, namely Net Present Value (NPV), Net Benefit Cost Ratio (Net B/C Ratio), Internal Rate Return (IRR), and payback period (PP). This research uses financial analysis with a discount factor of 18% showing Net Present Value (NPV) of Rp. 114,583,479, Net Benefit Cost Ratio (Net B/C) of 2.19, Internal Rate Return (IRR) of 32%, and payback period (PP) showing that the return on investment is 3.7 or 3.7 years. Based on this analysis, the swallow business is financially feasible.

EFISIENSI SALURAN PEMASARAN KEMIRI (ALEURITES MOLUCCANA) PADA KELOMPOK TANI HUTAN WAHANA KAWASAN DI HUTAN KEMASYARAKATAN GUNUNG SASAK, KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT

Mount Sasak Community Forest (HKm) has the potential that can be utilized by the surrounding community through the utilization of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs). The Wahana Kawasan Forest Farmer Group (KTH) is one of the groups that utilizes and manages NTFPs in the form of candlenuts in the Mount Sasak HKm. In the production and utilization activities of candlenut, it will focus on marketing channels as a form of effort made by a person or marketing institution to achieve a level of marketing success. The method used in this research is descriptive with a total of 32 respondents. The sampling technique was carried out by purposive sampling method. Determination of the number of respondents for intermediary traders is determined by the snowball sampling method. The results showed that there were 2 marketing channels. The marketing margin of marketing channels 1 and 2 has the same value of Rp. 2,000/kg. Meanwhile, the farmer's share obtained by marketing channel 1 amounted to 67% and marketing channel 2 amounted to 83%. The level of marketing efficiency in channel 1 of 7.8% indicates a less efficient marketing channel and marketing channel 2 of 3.7% indicates an efficient marketing channel.