Curative Value Research Articles

Tulsi's Ayurvedic Medical Importance

Tulsi (Ocimum sanctum) is an omnipresent, multipurpose plant and regarded as holy plant in Hindu religion finds place in front of every Hindu household. This herb is a member of Lamiaceae family, well known for its spiritual, religious and medicinal importance in India. Scientific investigations of traditional belief of medicinal properties of Tulsi have got impetus mostly in the later part of the 20th century. Characteristically, the plant imparts a pungent, bitter, hot, light and dry effect indicating the presence of curative value. It is extensively famous and has been used since centuries in Ayurveda and Greek medicines owing to its beneficially diverse properties. For the treatment of bronchitis, illness, and pyrexia, tulsi leaf extracts are described in Indian medical literature. It is thought to be a widespread plant in India.

Activity-based protein profiling guided new target identification of quinazoline derivatives for expediting bactericide discovery: Activity-based protein profiling derived new target discovery of antibacterial quinazolines

IntroductionThe looming antibiotic-resistance problem has imposed an enormous crisis on global public health and agricultural development. Even worse, the evolution and widespread distribution of antibiotic-resistance elements in bacterial pathogens have made the resurgence of diseases that were once easily treatable deadly again. The development of antibiotics with novel mechanisms of action is urgently required. ObjectivesInspired by charming activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) technology and increasing attention to quinazolines in the development of antibacterial agents, this study engineered a series of new quinazoline derivatives, assessed their antibacterial profiles, and first identified the possible target. MethodsThe target identification and their possible binding sites were verified by ABPP technology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamic simulations. The fatty acid synthesis process was analyzed by gas chromatography, propidium iodide staining, and scanning electron microscopy. The physicochemical properties and fungicide-likeness were evaluated using the Fungicide Physicochemical-properties Analysis Database. ResultsCompound 7a, an acrylamide-functionalized quinazoline derivative, exhibited excellent antibacterial potency against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae with an EC50 value of 13.20 µM. More importantly, ABPP technology showed that β-ketoacyl-ACP-synthase Ⅱ (FabF) was the first identified quinazolines’ potential target. Compound 7a could selectively bind to the Cys151 residue of FabF through covalent interaction, suppress fatty acid biosynthesis, and damage the cell membrane integrity, thereby killing the bacteria. The pot experiment results showed that compound 7a demonstrated protective and curative values of 49.55 % and 47.46 %, surpassing controls bismerthiazol and thiodiazole copper. Finally, compound 7a exhibited low toxicity towards non-target organisms. These unprecedented performances contributed to excavating new quinazoline-based bactericidal agents. ConclusionOur research highlights the superiority of ABPP technology, for the first time, identifies the target of engineered quinazolines in pathogenic bacteria, and their potential target fished by ABPP tools holds great promise for the development of quinazoline-based and/or FabF-targeted bactericides.

Detailed pathological characteristics and survival prognosis of patients with penile cancer from a high-capacity tertiary referral centre over a 20-year period.

120 Background: Penile cancer is a rare cancer that affects 0.1-1 per 100,000 men in developed countries. However, data on this cancer in developing countries, particularly in Asian populations, are lacking. A retrospective study is needed to determine the characteristics of penile cancer patients, tumor-related treatments, and prognosis. The objective of our study was to present statistical results that are applicable to an Asian population under the most recent staging system. Additionally, we aimed to report on the pathological characteristics and prognosis of a large sample of patients with penile cancer who underwent long-term follow-up with the standard extent of radical dissection. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed clinical and pathological data from 1017 patients who were diagnosed with penile cancer at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between October 2001 and October 2023. The primary study endpoint was overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan‒Meier method, and differences were compared using the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk models were used to analyze the factors associated with tumor survival. Results: The average follow-up time was 50 months (range: 0.6-232.8 months). The 5- and 10-year OS rates were 67.3% and 62.7%, respectively, and the 5- and 10-year PFS rates were 63.9% and 61.1%, respectively. After excluding 127 Tx patients and 23 TIS stage patients, the 10-year OS rates of pTa stage (29 patients), pT1 (305 patients), pT2 stage (217 patients), pT3 stage (271 patients), and pT4 stage (45 patients) patients were 96.3%, 80.1%, 61.7%, 55.4%, and 14.2%, respectively. A total of 690 patients underwent standard lymph node dissection. The 10-year OS rates of pN0 (376 patients), pN1 (111 patients), pN2 (78 patients), and pN3 (125 patients) patients were 92.7%, 62.5%, 48.1% and 31.3%, respectively. The results of the multifactorial analysis revealed that T stage (T4 stage versus Ta-T1 stage: HR=2.38, 95% CI: 1.00~5.66, P=0.05), pathological grade (G3~4 grade versus G1~2 grade: HR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.05~2.53, P=0.027), N stage (pN+ versus pN0: HR=14.11, 95% CI: 7.83~25.43, P<0.001), and white blood cell count (WBC>8.5: HR=1.71, 95% CI: 1.17~2.51, P=0.006) were independent prognostic factors in penile cancer patients. Conclusions: Patients with penile cancer had better long-term OS after standard lymph node dissection. The adverse factors were T stage, pathological grade, extent of lymph node metastasis, and preoperative WBC count. Identifying high-risk patients through preoperative evaluation can improve long-term survival rates. Radical lymph node dissection in the early stage has more curative value, and adjuvant therapy should be provided in patients with advanced-stage disease after surgery.

Antiviral activity evaluation and action mechanism of chalcone derivatives containing phenoxypyridine.

In this paper, a series of phenoxypyridine-containing chalcone derivatives (L1-L28) were designed and synthesized, characterized on NMR and HRMS. Ningnanmycin (NNM) was used as a control agent. The results of the antiviral activity testing showed that the curative activity EC50 values of L1 and L4 against TMV were 140.5 and 90.7μg/mL, respectively, which were superior to that of NNM (148.3μg/mL). The EC50 values of 154.1, 102.6 and 140.0μg/mL for the anti-TMV protective activities of L1, L4 and L15 were superior to that of NNM (188.2μg/mL). The mechanism of action between L4 and NNM and tobacco mosaic virus capsid protein (TMV-CP) was preliminarily investigated. The results of microscale thermophoresis (MST) experiments showed that L4 had a strong binding affinity for TMV-CP with a dissociation constant Kd value of 0.00149µM, which was better than that of NNM (2.73016µM). The results of molecular docking experiments showed that L4 formed shorter hydrogen bonds with amino acid residues of TMV-CP than NNM and formed more amino acid residues than NNM, which indicated that L4 was more tightly bound to TMV-CP. This study suggested that phenoxypyridine-containing chalcone derivatives can be used as new anti-TMV drugs through further research and development.

Understanding the value of curation: A survey of US data repository curation practices and perceptions.

Data curators play an important role in assessing data quality and take actions that may ultimately lead to better, more valuable data products. This study explores the curation practices of data curators working within US-based data repositories. We performed a survey in January 2021 to benchmark the levels of curation performed by repositories and assess the perceived value and impact of curation on the data sharing process. Our analysis included 95 responses from 59 unique data repositories. Respondents primarily were professionals working within repositories and examined curation performed within a repository setting. A majority 72.6% of respondents reported that "data-level" curation was performed by their repository and around half reported their repository took steps to ensure interoperability and reproducibility of their repository's datasets. Curation actions most frequently reported include checking for duplicate files, reviewing documentation, reviewing metadata, minting persistent identifiers, and checking for corrupt/broken files. The most "value-add" curation action across generalist, institutional, and disciplinary repository respondents was related to reviewing and enhancing documentation. Respondents reported high perceived impact of curation by their repositories on specific data sharing outcomes including usability, findability, understandability, and accessibility of deposited datasets; respondents associated with disciplinary repositories tended to perceive higher impact on most outcomes. Most survey participants strongly agreed that data curation by the repository adds value to the data sharing process and that it outweighs the effort and cost. We found some differences between institutional and disciplinary repositories, both in the reported frequency of specific curation actions as well as the perceived impact of data curation. Interestingly, we also found variation in the perceptions of those working within the same repository regarding the level and frequency of curation actions performed, which exemplifies the complexity of a repository curation work. Our results suggest data curation may be better understood in terms of specific curation actions and outcomes than broadly defined curation levels and that more research is needed to understand the resource implications of performing these activities. We share these results to provide a more nuanced view of curation, and how curation impacts the broader data lifecycle and data sharing behaviors.

Comparative Analysis of Laparoscopy Versus Laparotomy Approaches in Treating Ectopic Pregnancy

Objective: To compare and analyze the effects of laparotomy (AS) and laparoscopic surgery (LS) on ectopic pregnancy (EP). Methods: The surgical trial initiated case extraction in January 2017 and concluded in May 2023. The subjects comprised 30 cases of EP, categorized into two groups of 15 cases each based on the selected surgical method during treatment for subsequent analysis and comparison. EP patients in Group A chose AS surgical treatment, while those in Group B opted for LS surgical treatment. The perioperative parameters, complication ratio, survival status score (SF-36), and postoperative curative effect values were compared between the two groups of EP patients. Results: Throughout the perioperative period, various parameters such as blood loss level, operation time, abdominal pain relief time, ambulation time, catheterization time, exhaust time, and hospitalization time were recorded and compared between the two groups of EP patients. Complication ratios were documented and compared in EP patients from both groups post-operation. The test results indicated a lower value for complications in Group B (P < 0.05). SF-36 scores of EP patients in both groups were assessed and compared post-operation, with the test result indicating a higher value for Group B (P < 0.05). The postoperative curative effects of EP patients in both groups were evaluated and compared, revealing overall similarity between the two groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The curative effects of AS and LS surgery in EP are similar, but LS surgery demonstrates better prevention and control of complications, reduced bleeding and trauma, and faster postoperative body recovery. Consequently, the prognosis and survival status are superior in LS surgery, providing valuable reference points.

Understanding the value of curation: A survey of researcher perspectives of data curation services from six US institutions.

Data curation encompasses a range of actions undertaken to ensure that research data are fit for purpose and available for discovery and reuse, and can help to improve the likelihood that data is more FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, and Reusable). The Data Curation Network (DCN) has taken a collaborative approach to data curation, sharing curation expertise across a network of partner institutions and data repositories, and enabling those member institutions to provide expert curation for a wide variety of data types and discipline-specific datasets. This study sought to assess the satisfaction of researchers who had received data curation services, and to learn more about what curation actions were most valued by researchers. By surveying researchers who had deposited data into one of six academic generalist data repositories between 2019-2021, this study set out to collect feedback on the value of curation from the researchers themselves. A total of 568 researchers were surveyed; 42% (238) responded. Respondents were positive in their evaluation of the importance and value of curation, indicating that the participants not only value curation services, but are largely satisfied with the services provided. An overwhelming majority 97% of researchers agreed that data curation adds value to the data sharing process, 96% agreed it was worth the effort, and 90% felt more confident sharing their data due to the curation process. We share these results to provide insights into researchers' perceptions and experience of data curation, and to contribute evidence of the positive impact of curation on repository depositors. From the perspective of researchers we surveyed, curation is worth the effort, increases their comfort with data sharing, and makes data more findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable.

Recurrence of arteriovenous malformation in an adult patient after complete resection: illustrative case.

Complete resection of an arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is considered a curative treatment. In this paper the authors discuss two possibilities in the event of hemorrhage after satisfactory resection of an AVM: recurrence or remnant. A 33-year-old female patient was diagnosed with an incidental right frontal AVM that was microsurgically resected and whose postoperative angiography showed no remnant. Eight years later, she presented with an episode of headache and speech arrest. Magnetic resonance imaging showed bleeding in the previous surgical site, and a new angiography revealed the presence of a vascular blush not seen previously. The patient did not show the most frequently associated factors for recurrence described in the literature, which are hemorrhage on presentation and deep venous drainage. In addition, factors related to undetected vascular remnants, such as preoperative hemorrhage and early postoperative angiography, were absent. Considering the characteristics of the case, we believe that the most likely explanation is the development of a de novo vascular formation secondary to factors not yet elucidated. Preexisting views on AVM formation, the curative value of resection, and long-term follow-up in certain patients should be reevaluated.

Performance of Valeriana jatamansi in Hill Zone of West Bengal Concerning Manure Sources

The organic source of nutrients would be a promising practice for Valeriana jatamansi cultivation which maintains its curative value. A set of experiments was conducted at Hill Zone of West Bengal, Kalimpong for two consecutive cycles to standardize organic nutrient management in V. jatamansi for optimum growth and economic yield. Different organic sources of nutrients such as farm yard manure (FYM), bio-fertilizer (BF), and vermicompost (VC) were applied at various doses along with a recommended dose. We applied the treatments as follows: T1= FYM (5 t.ha-1), T2= VC (2 t.ha-1), T3= FYM (5 t.ha-1) + VC (2 t ha-1), T4= FYM (5 t.ha-1) + PSB, T5= VC (2 t.ha-1) + PSB, T6= FYM (5 t.ha-1) + VC (2 t.ha-1) + PSB, T7= Control, T8= RDF through inorganic fertilizers (50:25:25 kg.ha-1 as N, P2O5, and K2O). The use of organic manures and PSB significantly (P<0.05) increased the rhizome yield and soil-available macronutrients in V. jatamansi due to the release of nutrients from the decomposition of organic manures. The addition of T6 resulted in a maximum canopy height (18.28 cm), plant fresh biomass (16.42 t.ha-1), dry biomass (3.19 t.ha-1), rhizome fresh weight (3.16 t.ha-1), and dry weight (1.16 t.ha-1), as well as highest organic carbon content (0.75%), nitrogen (221 kg.ha-1), phosphorus (46.70 kg.ha-1), and potassium (201 kg.ha-1). Applying FYM, vermicompost, and PSB combination would be a promising strategy for growing V. jatamansi.

What Is the Possibility of Commercializing African Indigenous Crops?—The Case of Ethiopia

Africa has a rich diversity of indigenous crops whose commercial and economic value have been underutilized. Eragrostis tef is a crop with great potential for production and commercialization in Ethiopia. The nutritional and curative values of tef are recognized not only in Ethiopia but also in the global market. Economically, tef and its value chain are a source of livelihood for more than six million small-scale Ethiopian farmers. Its large-scale commercialization has the potential to transform the livelihoods of many impoverished people. However, little research has been conducted to assess Ethiopian consumers’ attitudes toward tef products. The objective of this study is to understand product attributes that would affect consumer purchasing decisions. The study is based on pasta and baby food, the two most important products that could be made out of tef. The attributes analyzed are the inclusion of tef in the products, price, organic certification, and brand origin. The study relies on survey data that were randomly collected from 318 respondents and secondary data from the central statistical agency. The attributes were subjected to conjoint analysis, a method that is commonly used in consumer market research with hypothetical products consisting of multiple attributes to understand customers’ preference for different components of the product. The results of the analysis show that the inclusion of tef flour in the products is the most important factor consumers would consider when buying pasta or baby food. Further, consumers are interested in brand origin as they have a strong inclination to buy domestic brands and prefer products with organic certification. In the case of baby food, Ethiopians are likely to buy products containing more tef flour, packaged in sealed can rather than a paper bag, and concentrated in iron or protein. However, they are less willing to pay a premium even for products they perceive to be of greater utility. The preference for domestic brands and processed food with tef implies that there is opportunity for local brands to grow if they can understand and satisfy consumer expectations. It also means that consumers are interested in business practices that promote sustainable livelihoods. Overall, these findings suggest the potential for commercialization of tef products in Ethiopia and that the development of its value chain could combat nutritional deficiencies in the country.

Recent advances in biological applications of mannich bases — An overview

Mannich bases are beta-amino ketone-carrying compounds that are the end products of the Mannich reaction. The Mannich reaction is essential in the synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds. The Mannich reaction, a nucleophilic addition reaction that forms carbon-carbon bonds, is employed in the synthesis of numerous natural products, drugs and other compounds. There are several aminoalkyl chain bearing Mannich bases with high curative value, such as fluoxetine, atropine, ethacrynic acid, trihexyphenidyl, and many others. According to the literature, Mannich bases are highly reactive and have been demonstrated to have powerful anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antifilarial, antibacterial, antifungal, anticonvulsant, anthelmintic, antitubercular, analgesic, anti-HIV, antimalarial, antipsychotic, antiviral, antilipase activity and other properties. The primary source of, -α,β-unsaturated ketone, which can be produced by deaminating the hydrogen atom of the amine group, is responsible for the biological action of Mannich bases. However, a number of minor biological functions of Mannich bases have been reported, including their ability to control blood pressure or prevent platelet aggregation, their impact on parasites and ulcers, and their use as medications for mental health issues. Since there is a greater need for anticonvulsant pharmaceuticals, these anticonvulsant medications containing N-mannich base groups will exhibit an increase in lipophilic nature and hence have improved blood-brain barrier penetration. The overview concludes with a brief explanation of the potential of Mannich bases as inhibitors of various enzymes or ligands for various receptors.

Antibacterial activity of Mangifera indica seed extracts combined with common antibiotics against multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii isolates

In this project, we employed ethanolic (EMI) and aqueous (AMI) extracts of mango (Mangifera indica L., Anacardiaceae) fruit seeds as a modulator of antibiotic resistance against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii to evaluate natural compounds isolated from by-products or waste of edible plants. We also investigated the effect of these extracts alone and in combination with standard classes of antibiotics in the desired strains. M. indica seeds were processed and exploited using ethanol and water. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of clinical isolates were examined against EMI and AMI extracts, followed by seven antibiotics of ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, penicillin, amikacin, meropenem, ampicillin, and colistin. The checkerboard method evaluated the synergistic action between mango kernel extract (EMI) and seven antibiotics. EMI extract significantly revealed antimicrobial properties against MDR A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa with synergistic effects with the applied antibiotics. The considerable antibacterial efficacy of ethanolic extract of M. indica seeds can have great curative value as antibacterial drugs against infections caused by MDR P.aeruginosa and A. baumannii.

In vitro prediction of the lower/upper-critical biofluid flow choking index and in vivo demonstration of flow choking in the stenosis artery of the animal with air embolism

<i>In vitro</i> prediction of the lower/upper-critical biofluid flow choking index and <i>in vivo</i> demonstration of flow choking in the stenosis artery of the animal with air embolism

Effect of Algorithmic Music Listening on Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Activity: An Exploratory, Randomized Crossover Study.

It is proven that music listening can have a therapeutic impact in many clinical fields. However, to assume a curative value, musical stimuli should have a therapeutic logic. This study aimed at assessing short-term effects of algorithmic music on cardiac autonomic nervous system activity. Twenty-two healthy subjects underwent a crossover study including random listening to relaxing and activating algorithmic music. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and non-invasive arterial blood pressure were continuously recorded and were later analyzed to measure Heart Rate (HR) mean, HR variability and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS). Statistical analysis was performed using a general linear model, testing for carryover, period and treatment effects. Relaxing tracks decreased HR and increased root mean square of successive squared differences of normal-to-normal (NN) intervals, proportion of interval differences of successive NN intervals greater than 50 ms, low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) power and BRS. Activating tracks caused almost no change or an opposite effect in the same variables. The difference between the effects of the two stimuli was statistically significant in all these variables. No difference was found in the standard deviation of normal-to-normal RR intervals, LFpower in normalized units and LFpower/HFpower variables. The study suggests that algorithmic relaxing music increases cardiac vagal modulation and tone. These results open interesting perspectives in various clinical areas.

Diversity of medicinally important leafy vegetables used by the tribes in Balasore district of Odisha, India

With an increase in the incidence and outbreak of several new diseases, plant-based medications are becoming increasingly popular owing to their low cost and fewer adverse effects. In this context, the leafy vegetables being enriched in nutritional and therapeutic value are in focus in order to uncover their hidden potential for human welfare. In this backdrop, the present study was undertaken in the Balasore district of Odisha, India to document the ethnomedicinally significant leafy vegetables consumed by the local tribes of the region. A total of 72 leafy vegetables belonging to 35 families under 69 genera were reported with ethnomedicinal uses. The data on information related to their uses was collected through scientifically structured questionnaires, interviews and close interactions with 192 informants. The results also included the determination of fidelity level (FL) along with factor informant consensus value (Fic). Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L., with a fidelity level of 98.77%, is the most commonly used medicinally potent leafy vegetable. Diabetes had a higher Factor Informant Consensus value (Fic) of 0.994, similar to the common cold and cough disease. The findings of the present study suggested that most of the underutilised leafy vegetables under study possessed curative values and needed further investigation to prove their efficacy against specific diseases reported. Furthermore, these leafy vegetables need immediate attention for their conservation and sustainable utilization and efforts should be made to safeguard the traditional knowledge of tribal communities, which is under threat of extinction.

Urtica Dioica: A OSTRACIZED NEGLECTED PLANT IN AGRICULTURE SERVING AS A BEST MEDICINAL AND INSECTICIDAL PROPERTY

Urtica dioica is the flowering herbaceous perennial plant of family Urticaceae distributed globally but commonly considered as a weed in agricultural production. Stinging nettle is one of the emerging plant which has number of medicinal, curative value along with serving as the food and nutritional value in the house of people living below the poverty line. Despite of its million benefit it does not gain much popularity as it deserve. In agricultural production it is considered as weed so removed from the main field. However if the plant is planted in collaboration with other plants it fulfill both nutritive value and serve the main plant with low infestation of disease as pest as stinging nettle avoid the closeness of insect pest as it consist of thorn and also possess host plant resistance characteristics. The plant is only famous in the local rural level and still number of research is to be carried out to transform the globally distributed weed to marketable plant so as to finalize its medicinal value.

The promise and the future of research data sharing

The promise and the future of research data sharing

The Effectiveness of Adenosine in Treating the Acute Attacks of Supra-ventricular Tachycardia

Background: Adenosine is a natural adenine nucleoside available endogenously that decreases heart beat by blocking atrioventricular (AV) node transiently so that extend the duration of conduction in (AV) node when injected intravenously. It has a curative value in the conversion of majority of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) to sinus rhythm. In order to evaluate the adenosine in the management of arrhythmias we conduct this study. Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous adenosine therapy for treatment of (SVT), to determine the optimal adenosine dose effective in (SVT), and to determine the underlying conditions affecting the effective dose. And to evaluate the effectiveness of vagal maneuvers in terminating of spontaneous SVT patients and methods: A cross-sectional study conducts in a group consist of 69 patients ranged from 23-70 years old admitted to the Coronary care unit in Azadi Teaching Hospital ,in Kirkuk city, from July 2014 to June 2016. The diagnosis of (SVT) was made by present of tachycardia which is of narrow complex with a heart beat rate greater than 140 beats/ min by 12 leads chest electrocardiography (ECG). In patients who are hemodynamically stable, vagal maneuvers were carried out initially in the form of carotid sinus massage, gag reflex and Valsalva maneuver, if this failed intravenous administration of adenosine as recommended doses were preformed. If three doses of adenosine boluses were unsuccessful to convert the arrhythmia, patients were managed with other available antiarrythmias or managed with direct electrical cardio version (DC). In unstable patients were managed with (DC). Results: Of 69 included patients, diagnosed as (SVT), M: F ratio was 1:2.1. Their age ranged from 23 years to 70 years with mean age of 57 years. Vagal maneuvers (VM) resulted in restoration of sinus rhythm (SR) in 8patients (7.6%). Out of 57 episodes of (SVT), Adenosine was effective in reverting 51 episodes of SVT to sinus rhythm (89.5%). Of those converted, 18 required a single dose (6mg) (31.6%), fifteen required one additional (12mg) dose (26.3%), and another 18 required two additional doses (81mg) (31.6%).four patients were hemo-dynamically unstable (systolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg) which required (DC). Six patients (10.5%) not responding to full adenosine dose(81mg), started treatment with other medication, 1 with verapamil, 4 with amiodarone, and1 with digoxin. All of them were successfully treated. Conclusions: Adenosine is an effective medicine in treating (SVT) in those patients in whom vagal maneuvers has unsuccessful. It demonstrates a high rate of success in terminating acute attack of SVT. A higher dose may be required in majority of patients specially

A review of the interaction of medicinal plants and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in the rhizosphere

Medicinal plants are well known to have the advantages of high concentration of medicinal ingredients having clinical importance, curative value, small toxic and side effects. Important compounds viz., paclitaxel, camptothecin, and vincristine have been developed from medicinal plants as first-line of clinical drugs, leading to their consistently increasing demand globally. However, the destruction of natural environment due to excessive mining threatened such resources jeopardizing the successful growing of medicinal plants. A group of beneficial arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is known to exist in the rhizosphere of medicinal plants, which can establish a reciprocal symbiosis with their roots, namely arbuscular mycorrhizas. These AM fungi are pivotal in the habitat adaptation of medicinal plants. Studies have demonstrated that AM fungi aided in growth promotion and nutrient absorption of medicinal plants, thereby, accelerating the accumulation of medicinal ingredients and aiding resistance against abiotic stresses such as drought, low temperature, and salinity. An AM-like fungus Piriformospora indica is known to be cultured in vitro without roots, later showed analogous effects of AM fungi on medicinal plants. These fungi provide new mechanistic pathways towards the artificial cultivation of medicinal plants loaded with ingredients in huge demand in international market. This review provides an overview of the diversity of AM fungi inhabiting the rhizosphere of medicinal plants, and analyzes the functioning of AM fungi and P. indica, coupled with future lines of research.

A Review on the Medicinal Potential of Trachyspermum ammi Found in Pakistan

Numerous plants are used as a traditional medicine in herbal therapy and are well known for their effective potential in therapeutics for different ailments. Carom [Trachyspermum ammi] is one of the plants that are crucial in medicine. It was cultivated first time in different regions of Asia. It has been used in traditional medicine for a long time in a variety of pharmacological and medicinal aspects. It is renowned for its curative value in different miseries, especially infections. Like other fatal diseases, great advancements have been made by utilizing the therapeutic abilities of different medicinal plants regarding the cure and control of cancer progression. However still, there is a need for improvement in treatment strategies and meeting up significant deficiencies in cancer management. Carom may have some progressive role in controlling such types of ailments. Moreover, it may be anticipated as an immunotherapeutic agent and would dominate other infection-controlling agents and cancer-treating strategies due to its higher efficiency as well as biosecurity free of adverse side effects.