A2 Values Research Articles

A simple and reliable computed tomographic measure for the evaluation of right ventricle remodelling in acute PE: right ventricle apical angle

Abstract Background and aims In patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE), right ventricular (RV) dysfunction as assessed by computed tomography (CT) and /or echocardiography has been considered to predict in-hospital and 30-day outcomes. In this study we proposed a novel CT measure for RV function, the apical angle (α1) between the RV free wall and the interventricular septum (IVS), and for the left ventricle (LV) function, the apical angle (α2) between the LV free wall and the IVS. We aimed to evaluate the predictive value of these angles to determine clinical and hemodynamic severity and in-hospital mortality (IHM) in acute PE patients. Methods The study population comprised retrospectively evaluated 536 patients (age 59+-16.2 years, female 55.3 %) with acute PE in whom diagnostic work-up and risk-based treatments have been performed in accordance with currently available acute PE Guidelines. The severity of pulmonary arterial (PA) obstruction (Qanadli score) and RV/LV ratio were assessed on CT, and RV function and non-invasive estimation of pulmonary arterial systolic pressures (PASP) were evaluted with echocardiography. The α1 was defined as the angle between the line from tricuspid medial annulus to the RV apex and second line from tricuspid lateral annulus to the RV apex, whereas α2 was defined as the angle between the line from mitral medial annulus to the LV apex and second line from mitral lateral annulus to the LV apex. Results Anticoagulant treatment only and intravenous tissue plasminogen activator were noted in 49.6 % and 17.9 % of patients, respectively. Ultrasound-assisted thrombolysis and rheolytic thrombectomy were also used in 25% and 7.5 % of patients, respectively. The IHM rate was 5.9 %. The increase in α1 was associated with a decrease in TAPSE/PASP ratio, and an increase in PESI score and a higher risk status (p=0.047, p<0.001, p=0.001 respectively), but α2 showed no relation to PE severity (p=0.78). The value of α1 in predicting in-hospital mortality was evaluated with a logistic regression analysis with a model including PESI score, RV/LV ratio and α1. PESI score and α1 significantly predicted IHM (p= <0.001 and 0.027, respectively. OR for a1 1.15, CI 95%[1.06-1.27]), but RV/LV ratio did not. In the receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis for IHM prediction, the cut-off value of 1.168 for α1/α2 ratio [area under the curve (AUC): 0.721; sensitivity:76.92 % and specificity: 65.8 %] and the cut-off value of 32.47 for α1 ( AUC: 0.718 ; sensitivity: 84.67 % and specificity: 59.5 %) provided higher prediction compared with cut-off value of 1.29 for RV/LV ratio ( AUC : 0.604 ; sensitivity 76.9 % and specificity 45.87 %). Conclusion Either α1 or α1/α2 ratio evaluation on CT seems to represent a simple and reliable approach in the assessment of RV acute remodelling in response to thrombo-obstructive pressure burden and for prediction of outcome in patients with acute PE.Alpha 1 angle of different risk groupsROC curve

Cross-crack group interaction and initiation mechanism under hydraulic-mechanical coupling

Based on the distributed dislocation function, the complex function of arbitrary position and branch cross-crack group under hydraulic-mechanical in the infinite plate is derived and the maximum Mode I and Mode II stress intensity factors (SIFs) of cross-crack group are obtained. The influence of cross-crack group geometry parameters on the maximum SIFs is analyzed and the multiple cross-cracks dangerous zone is obtained. Using the maximum shear and tensile SIF ratio criterion as a basis, the initiation process of double cross-cracks is predicted and verified by red sandstone double cross-cracks uniaxial compression test. Results show that for the double cross-crack in an infinite plate, h/a should be greater than 8 and the value of α2 should not range from 75° to 90° to avoid possible cracking. For the triple cross-crack in an infinite plate, when the water pressure is low (less than 5 MPa), the influence of the stress field exceeds the influence of water pressure. For red sandstone samples with double cross-cracks under uniaxial compression, the inner tips of cross-cracks always connected and penetrated and the inner and outer tips of cross-cracks often eventually joined together. The multiple cross-crack initiation criterion was validated by the good agreement between the test results and the prediction results of red sandstone with double cross-cracks. All the initiation mechanisms are Mode I fracture.

A-037 A1c by separation and enzymatic methods: what's the difference?

Abstract Background Accurate values for hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) are crucial for diagnosing and monitoring diabetes mellitus. Two common methods to measure HbA1c are capillary electrophoresis (CE) and immunoassay (IA). Many methods used to measure HbA1c are prone to interferences from hemoglobin variants and abnormalities affecting the red blood cell’s (RBC) turnover. Consequently, the average estimated glucose levels using the HbA1c value can be unreliable in diabetics with hemoglobinopathies and other RBC lifetime disorders. Separation methods such as CE can capture hemoglobinopathy information, while IA methods may not. We performed this study in a population with relatively high levels of hemoglobin disorders to evaluate the performance of HbA1c testing on the Alinity platform (IA) against the Sebia Capillarys 3 Tera instrument (CE). Methods Samples were identified retrospectively based on a search of the Electronic Medical Record for all patients with an ordered and resulted HbA1c and complete blood count in the Montefiore Medical Center the day prior to sampling. Routine HbA1c testing was performed by an Abbott Immunoassay method on the Abbott Alinity Instrument and CBC results were obtained from a Sysmex XN2100 instrument. Records were compared by patient name, medical record number, and sample collection time to identify all patients with CBC and HbA1c drawn within one hour of each other. Those samples were retrieved from storage (a 4° automated refrigerator) within 48 hours of draw and tested via the Sebia Capillarys 3 Tera instrument using HBA1c kits. Results In this large representative population study (N=2075), there was overall excellent agreement between IA and CE. The correlation coefficient (R2) of the whole dataset was 0.989, with an average bias of 2.7% between the two methods. Additional analysis was performed on those with possible RBC turnover disorder (patients with RBC counts below 4x106/uL or above 6x106/uL, MCVs above 96 fL or below 80 fL, RDW above 17%, or abnormal A2 value: total of 638 samples), those with a hemoglobin variant as detected by the Capillarys 3 instrument (162 samples), or with a measurable hemoglobin F value detected by the Capillarys 3 instrument (37 samples). Samples were sorted into these groups independently and thus there was significant overlap between groups, notably with 23 of 37 samples with elevated HbF also having a hemoglobin variant. In both the RBC disorder and hemoglobinopathies group, similar low bias and high correlations were seen. The elevated F samples showed a clear negative bias (5.6%) for all patients on the IA method as compared with CE. The IA method states that samples with HbF above 5% should not be tested. However, as this is not a separation method, there is no way to test samples for HbF before analysis, and bias was seen for samples below 5%. Conclusions The IA and CE methods showed similar performance across patients regardless of RBC lifetime or hemoglobin disorder status, though presence of HbF is a potential interference and should be considered. Further questions remain for these instruments in terms of correlation with average glucose levels as calculated through CGM instruments.

Extreme eigenvalues of random matrices from Jacobi ensembles

Two-term asymptotic formulæ for the probability distribution functions for the smallest eigenvalue of the Jacobi β-Ensembles are derived for matrices of large size in the régime where β > 0 is arbitrary and one of the model parameters α1 is an integer. By a straightforward transformation this leads to corresponding results for the distribution of the largest eigenvalue. The explicit expressions are given in terms of multi-variable hypergeometric functions, and it is found that the first-order corrections are proportional to the derivative of the leading order limiting distribution function. In some special cases β = 2 and/or small values of α1, explicit formulæ involving more familiar functions, such as the modified Bessel function of the first kind, are presented.

Prediction of inherited metabolic disorders using tandem mass spectrometry data with the help of artificial neural networks.

Tandem mass spectrometry is helpful in diagnosing amino acid metabolism disorders, organic acidemias, and fatty acid oxidation disorders and can provide rapid and accurate diagnosis for inborn errors of metabolism. The aim of this study was to predict inborn errors of metabolism in children with the help of artificial neural networks using tandem mass spectrometry data. Forty-seven and 13 parameters of tandem mass spectrometry datasets obtained from 2938 different patients were respectively taken into account to train and test the artificial neural networks. Different artificial neural network models were established to obtain better prediction performances. The obtained results were compared with each other for fair comparisons. The best results were obtained by using the rectified linear unit activation function. One, two, and three hidden layers were considered for artificial neural network models established with both 47 and 13 parameters. The sensitivity of model B2 for definitive inherited metabolic disorders was found to be 80%. The accuracy rates of model A3 and model B2 are 99.3% and 99.2%, respectively. The area under the curve value of model A3 was 0.87, while that of model B2 was 0.90. The results showed that the proposed artificial neural networks are capable of predicting inborn errors of metabolism very accurately. Therefore, developing new technologies to identify and predict inborn errors of metabolism will be very useful.

Subclasses of Bi-Univalent Functions Connected with Caputo-Type Fractional Derivatives Based upon Lucas Polynomial

In the current paper, we introduce new subclasses of analytic and bi-univalent functions involving Caputo-type fractional derivatives subordinating to the Lucas polynomial. Furthermore, we find non-sharp estimates on the first two Taylor–Maclaurin coefficients a2 and a3 for functions in these subclasses. Using the values of a2 and a3, we determined Fekete–Szegő inequality for functions in these subclasses. Moreover, we pointed out some more subclasses by fixing the parameters involved in Lucas polynomial and stated the estimates and Fekete–Szegő inequality results without proof.

Site Characterization and Shallow Shear Velocity through HVSR Measurements around the Hyderabad Metropolitan Region, India

ABSTRACT We investigate the site characterization and shallow shear velocity profiles from the analysis of the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral ratio (HVSR) around the Hyderabad metropolitan region (HMR), which falls under the southern Indian shield. This work uses both the ambient noise and microearthquake data to compute the HVSR, and additionally the Random Decrement technique to compute the HVSR of extracted Rayleigh waves. This study indicates comparable HVSR curves at each station with the three different datasets, from which we obtain the average dominant frequency (f0) and amplification value (A0). They are further used to calculate the seismic vulnerability index value (Kg). We observe that the value of f0 around the HMR is not fixed, but is varying in the range of 3.4 to 18 Hz, whereas the value of A0 is in the range of 1.7 to 12 approximately and Kg in the range of 0.16 to 1.68 approximately, with an exception of ∼ 33 at VKB (Vikarabad) station, which may be due to a local unconsolidated sub-surface structure. Based on the Diffused Field Assumption (DFA), we invert the average HVSR curves and average dispersion curves of Rayleigh waves, and provide the shallow shear velocity profiles up to 300 m, along with an approximate estimate of VS30 (in upper 30 m depth). The estimated VS30 values vary between 911 to 3143 m/s, falling under the classifications A and B (mostly Hard Rock and Rock type) of National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) (BSSC, 2001). However, our study shows some stations with shear velocity inversions at shallow depths within 300 m, indicating layers of low velocity, needing further study. In the absence of detailed near-surface findings, these findings are valuable inputs for geotechnical engineering studies and urban-city planning around the HMR, and emphasizes the effectiveness the HVSR method to determine sub-surface topography and/or unknown soil structures as an economical investigation viability.

In Vitro Analysis of Bonding and Wear Properties of 3D Printed Denture Tooth Materials.

While additive manufacturing (3D printing) has recently enhanced removable prosthodontics, the properties of new 3D printed materials are not well understood. This study aims to elucidate the physical properties of these materials, focusing on bonding to a 3D printed denture base material and wear resistance. For denture tooth-denture base bonding analyses, the same denture tooth material (Premium Teeth, Formlabs) was used with three denture base-bonding group assignments (n=6 each group) bonded using three protocols: Group A1 was bonded with Lucitone Digital Print-3D Denture Base using the Lucitone Fuse System (Dentsply), Group A2 with Formlabs Denture Base using the Formlabs Denture Base Bonding System, and Group A3 with Formlabs Denture Base using the Ivoclar Ivotion Bonding System (Ivoclar). Specimens were made according to the ISO-TS-19736-2027 standard. A 3D printed tooth mimicking a central incisor was bonded to the denture base and subjected to a palatal load at the incisal region at 90° from the long axis of the tooth until failure. The fracture surface was examined at 10× magnification. ANOVA with α=0.05 was used to determine statistically significant differences. For wear analysis, the same denture base material and bonding system (Lucitone Digital Print-3D Denture Base/Lucitone Fuse System, Dentsply) was used with four denture tooth material group assignments (n=8 each group): Group B1 used Formlabs Premium Teeth, Group B2 used SprintRay High Impact Denture Teeth, Group B3 used Lucitone Digital IPN Premium Tooth, and Group B4 used Ivotion Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) Milled Teeth (Ivoclar). A premolar denture tooth bonded with the denture base was subjected to a chewing simulation cyclic loading of 1,200,000 cycles. Sample failures, vertical wear, and volume loss were documented. ANOVA with α=0.05 was used to determine statistically significant differences. The fracture load to failure values for A1, A2, and A3 were 175±106 N, 167±46.3 N, and 183±48.9 N, respectively (p=0.95). Most failure characteristics were mixed, except one of A2 was cohesive and half of A3 was cohesive. For cyclic loading, B4 was the only group where all specimens failed within 1,200,000 cycles, while B1, B2, and B3 had four, three, and five sample failures, respectively. Vertical wear was 0.93±0.34 mm, 1.22±0.37 mm, 1.05±0.27 mm, and 0.37±0.02 mm for B1, B2, B3, and B4, respectively (p<0.01). Abrasion volumes were 9.5±3.7 mm³, 12.2±4.7 mm³, 10.6±3.5 mm³, and 2.2±1.3 mm³ for B1, B2, B3, and B4, respectively. Vertical height loss per chewing cycle (μm/cycle) was 0.0022±0.0019, 0.0030±0.0029, 0.0012±0.00005, and 0.0080±0.0050 for B1, B2, B3, and B4, respectively (p<0.01). Abrasion volume per chewing cycle (μm³/cycle) was 17650.8±9682.9, 27263.4±24746.8, 11836.5±4200.8, and 70436.8±73602.5 for B1, B2, B3, and B4, respectively (p=0.02). The bonding strength and wear resistance of 3D printed denture materials vary by manufacturer. Formlabs Denture Base with Ivoclar Ivotion showed the highest fracture load, indicating superior bonding strength. In wear analysis, Ivoclar Ivotion PMMA Milled Teeth exhibited the least vertical wear and abrasion volume but had the highest failure rate under cyclic loading. While printed denture materials excel in bonding strength, their wear resistance may not be as good as milled denture teeth, highlighting the need to balance these properties in clinical applications.

Holographic RG flows and boundary conditions in a 3D gauged supergravity

In this work we focus on the study of RG flows of conformal field theories that are holographically dual to Poincaré domain wall solutions in D=3\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$D=3$$\\end{document}, N=(2,0)\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\mathcal {N}=(2,0)$$\\end{document} gauged supergravity coupled to a sigma model with target space SU(1,1)/U(1)=H2\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\ extrm{SU}(1, 1)/\ extrm{U}(1) = \\mathbb {H}^2$$\\end{document}. This theory is truncated to a subsector where the vector field and phase of the scalar field vanish and we consider different boundary conditions for the remaining real scalar field. The RG flows, which are mostly non-superysymmetric, are analyzed by treating the supergravity field equations as a dynamical system for the scalar field and its derivative with respect to the scale factor. Phase diagrams are constructed for different values of the parameter a2\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$a^2$$\\end{document}, which is related to the curvature of the scalar manifold. The behavior of solutions near the boundary is used to determine their type based on the expansion of the corresponding fake superpotential. By incorporating information on the boundary conditions, the obtained RG flows are interpreted using the holographic dictionary. Numerical solutions and plots of the fake superpotential are also provided.

Study of structural and mechanical properties of the C2CaNa half-Heusler alloy using density functional theory approach

The mechanical properties of the half-Heusler alloy C2CaNa using density functional theory approach as installed in Quantum Espresso software was examined. We observed that C2CaNa will be easily compressed due to the small value of its bulk modulus. The values of the lattice constant a0, elastic constants (C11, C12, C14), Young’s modulus E, Piosson’s ratio ν, Shear modulus G, Zener anitropy A, pressure derivative B′, and band-gap Eg were obtained. Also the Voigt approximation, Reuss approximation and the Voigt–Reuss–Hill average of the approximation were gotten. Calculated values of G/B ratio is 0.581; this shows that C2CaNa has low resistance opposed to shear deformation. The B/G ratio evaluated for C2CaNa is 1.72. This implies that C2CaNa is “brittle” in nature at ambient condition. Our calculated elastic constants (C11, C12, and C44) for C2CaNa satisfied the following mechanical stability conditions for cubic structure: C11 – C12 &amp;gt; 0, C44 &amp;gt; 0, and C11 + 2C12 &amp;gt; 0. The value of C12 is an indication that C2CaNa is mechanically stable. This examination gives important experiences into the primary dependability and mechanical way of behavior of this material, this will empower advance material plan and application.

Correlation of sex hormone levels with orthodontic tooth movement in the maxilla: a prospective cohort study.

Sex hormones secreted during the menstrual cycle and the application of orthodontic forces to teeth can affect the metabolism of periodontal ligaments. This study aimed to determine whether there are any differences in orthodontic tooth displacement during the menstrual cycle and when using hormonal contraceptives and whether the amount of female sex hormones influences the efficiency of tooth displacement. A total of 120 women aged between 20 and 30 years with Angle Class II requiring transpalatal arch (TPA) to derotate teeth 16 and 26 were included in this study. The participants were divided into two groups: group A, which included women with regular menstruation, and control group B, which included women taking monophasic combined oral contraceptives. Group A was divided into subgroups according to the moment of TPA activation: menstruation (A1), ovulation phase (A2), and luteal phase (A3) (examination I). On intraoral scans, measurement points were marked on the proximal mesial cusps of teeth 16 and 26, and the intermolar distance (M1) was determined. The change in the position of the measurement points 6 weeks after activation (examination II) made it possible to determine the derotating extent of teeth 16 (O16) and 26 (O26) and the widening of the intermolar distance (M2-M1). In examinations I and II, tooth mobility in the alveoli was assessed using Periotest based on the periotest values (PTV) PTV1 and PTV2, respectively. A significant difference in all parameters was observed among groups A1, A2, and A3 (P < 0.001). Group A3 showed the highest values of parameters O16, O26, and M2-M1, and group A2 showed the lowest values, which did not differ from the control group (P = 0.64). PTV2 and PTV1 were the highest in group A3 and the lowest in groups A1 and B. Intergroup differences were statistically significant (P < 0.001). With the quantification of changes in tooth mobility in the alveoli during the menstrual cycle in women undergoing orthodontic treatment, it was possible to determine that female sex hormones affect the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment, and the optimal moment for TPA activation is the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle.

Investigation of Cu-doped amorphous carbon film in improving corrosion resistance and interfacial conductivity of proton exchange membrane fuel cell

This study investigated Cu-doped a-C films prepared under a substrate bias gradually reducing from 120 to 60 V and different Cu target currents of 0, 0.15, 0.2, 0.3, 0.5 A, respectively, using closed field unbalanced magnetron sputtering physical vapour deposition technique. While the Cu-doped a-C film at the lowest Cu target current of 0.15 A (A0.15) remained an amorphous microstructure, Cu nanoprecipitates occurred at Cu target currents of 0.2–0.5 A. All the Cu-doped a-C films prepared exhibited good combination of corrosion resistance to a corrosive chemical mixture of 0.5 M H2SO4 + 5 ppm HF (as suggested by the corrosion current densities) and interfacial electric conductivity (as demonstrated by the interfacial contact resistance, ICR). Among all coatings, A0.15 showed the best corrosion resistance and interfacial electric conductivity, which is attributable to the precipitate-free Cu-doped amorphous microstructure. The measured current density of A0.15 was 1.95 × 10−7 A/cm2 at 0.6 V (vs. SCE) during potentiodynamic polarization, which was lower than that of the Cu-free a-C film at 7.34 × 10−7 A/cm2. The ICR value of A0.15 was 4.40 mΩcm2 at an assembly pressure of 1.4 MPa, which is about one third of the Cu-free a-C film. This study demonstrates a new deposition strategy combining Cu-doping and the control of substrate bias to improve the corrosion resistance and interfacial electric conductivity of a-C films for PEMFC.

Reliability and validity of a non-linear index of heart rate variability to determine intensity thresholds.

Exercise intensity distribution is crucial for exercise individualization, prescription, and monitoring. As traditional methods to determine intensity thresholds present limitations, heart rate variability (HRV) using DFA a1 has been proposed as a biomarker for exercise intensity distribution. This index has been associated with ventilatory and lactate thresholds in previous literature. This study aims to assess DFA a1's reliability and validity in determining intensity thresholds during an incremental cycling test in untrained healthy adults. Sixteen volunteers (13 males and 3 females) performed two identical incremental cycling stage tests at least 1week apart. First and second ventilatory thresholds, lactate thresholds, and HRV thresholds (DFA a1 values of 0.75 and 0.5 for HRVT1 and HRVT2, respectively) were determined in heart rate (HR), relative oxygen uptake (VO2rel), and power output (PO) values for both tests. We used intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), change in mean, and typical error for the reliability analysis, and paired t-tests, correlation coefficients, ICC, and Bland-Altman analysis to assess the agreement between methods. Regarding reliability, HRV thresholds showed the best ICCs when measured in PO (HRVT1: ICC = .87; HRVT2: ICC = .97), comparable to ventilatory and lactate methods. HRVT1 showed the strongest agreement with LA 2.5 in PO (p = 0.09, r = .93, ICC = .93, bias = 9.9 ± 21.1), while HRVT2 reported it with VT2 in PO (p = 0.367, r = .92, ICC = .92, bias = 5.3 ± 21.9). DFA a1 method using 0.75 and 0.5 values is reliable and valid to determine HRV thresholds in this population, especially in PO values.

Some Meat Quality Traits and Fatty Acid Composition of Saanen, Turkish Hair × Saanen (F1 ) and Honamlı × Saanen (F1 ) Crossbreed Kids

The study was aimed to investigate the possibilities of obtaining slaughtered kids using indigenous breeds in Saanen flocks, which does not require breeding. The cross-sectional surface of the Musculus longissimus dorsi (MLD) muscle was used to evaluate the some meat quality parameters. Evaluations were made after slaughtering and at 24th hour and on 7th day after the slaughtering. The average values of pH, pH 24, cooking loss, water holding capacity and shear force values obtained in research groups were 6.46, 5.02, 24.58%, 3.25% and 3.67 kg / cm2 in Honamlı x Saanen; In the same order, 6.46, 5.69, 25.66%, 5.59% and 4.52 kg / cm2 in Saanen and 6.62, 5.27, 22.69%, 2.55% and 4.25 kg / cm2, in the Turkish Hair x Saanen (F1) respectively. It was found in the study that L0 (brightness), a0 (redness) and b0 (yellowness) values were 47.50, 7.51 and 12.67 for Honamlı x Saanen crossbred kids, respectively. The same values were 48.34, 7.74, and 12.62 for Saanen kids and 47.73, 8.01, and 13.20 for Turkish Hair x Saanen crossbred kids, respectively. In the study, the amount of muscle fat in Turkish Hair x Saanen (F1) crossbred kids was found 2.85%. While there was no difference in oleic acid content among genotypes, the ω-6 fatty acids linoleic and arachidonic were detected in the Saanen kids with a maximum of 10.67% and 4.98%, respectively (P&lt; 0.05). According to findings, It was found that Honamlı x Saanen (F1) cross kids have shown beter performance for many traits than others. Therefore, Saanen farms which has no need young breeding animal can use Honamlı bucks as patternal line for the butchered kid production. This application can be introduced to the sector.

Hemostatic Profile of Intrauterine Growth-Restricted Neonates: Assessment with the Use of NATEM Assay in Cord Blood Samples.

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with hemorrhagic and thrombotic complications during the perinatal period. Thrombocytopenia, platelet dysfunction, and prolonged standard coagulation tests are observed in this population. The aim of this study is to examine the hemostatic profile of IUGR neonates with the use of a non-activated assay (NATEM) in cord blood samples. During an 18 month period, a NATEM ROTEM assay was performed on cord blood samples of 101 IUGR neonates. A total of 189 appropriate for gestational age (AGA) neonates were used as a control group. The NATEM variables recorded include the following: clotting time (CT); clot formation time (CFT); clot amplitude at 5, 10, and 20 min (A5, A10, A20); α-angle (a°); maximum clot firmness (MCF); lysis index at 30 and 60 min (LI30, LI60); and maximum clot elasticity (MCE). IUGR neonates demonstrate a hypocoagulable state, with lower A5, A10, A2, MCF, and MCE values when compared to AGA. Using multiple linear regression, we determined IUGR as an independent factor influencing all NATEM parameters (except CT and LI30) exhibiting a hypocoagulable and hypofibrinolytic profile. Platelet count was positively correlated with A5, A10, A20, MCF, alpha angle, and MCE, and negatively correlated with CFT. IUGR neonates appear with lower clot strength and elasticity and prolonged clot kinetics, as illustrated by ROTEM variables.

Delta shocks and vacuums in the Aw–Rascle model with anti van der Waals Chaplygin gas under the flux approximation

In this manuscript, we explore the concentration and cavitation phenomena in the Riemann problem for the Aw–Rascle model coupled with an anti van der Waals Chaplygin gas while considering a two-parameter flux approximation. We investigate the presence of a δ-shock and a vacuum state within the Riemann problem for this specific system. Additionally, we incorporate a perturbed flux approximation scheme and analyze the Riemann solution as the values of α1 and α2 approach 0. Our findings demonstrate that the δ-shock solution to the simplified equations can be achieved by examining the Riemann solution that involves two shock waves in the perturbed flux approximation system. This occurs when the flux approximation linked to the anti van der Waals Chaplygin gas model vanishes. Furthermore, the Riemann solution that includes two rarefaction waves converges to the vacuum state solution of the simplified equations.

Phytochemical analysis and in vitro investigation of wound healing, cytotoxicity, and inflammatory response in potentially active extracts of Anogeissus dhofarica

The traditional medicine plant Anogeissus dhofarica is only found in the Jabal Fartak region of Yemen and the Dhofar region of Oman. This plant has been used traditionally for medical purposes to treat wounds, skin tanning, and sores. People use it as an antiseptic, especially women. However, this plant has not been studied in great detail, and there is no scientific proof to back up its traditional uses of it. The goal of this study was to examine the biological properties and phytochemical analysis of various extracts made from A. dhofarica leaves. The powdered leaves of A. dhofarica were extracted using the solvents ethanol (A1), methanol (A3), acetone (A5), and ethyl acetate (A8), yielding concentrations of 3, 0.3, and 0.03 mg/ml, respectively. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents, as well as the active phytochemicals, were determined using standard methods. The proliferation potential and IC50 of human dermal fibroblasts were evaluated. Cytotoxicity, wound healing activity, and the inflammatory response to the extracts were all investigated. Our results revealed that the IC50 values for plant extracts A1, A3, A5, and A8 were 9.799 ± 0.07, 5.83 ± 0.9, 8.8 ± 0.12, and 3.98 ± 0.8 mg/ml, respectively. Moreover, the cytotoxic effect of plant extracts was observed at high concentrations (p &lt;0.05). However, the lower concentration showed the least cytotoxic effect. For the inflammatory response, the secretion levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, and IL-12p70 were upregulated, and IL-10 was downregulated significantly (p &lt; 0.05) compared to the control. For wound healing activity, 0.3 and 0.03 mg/ml of (A8) extract and 0.03 mg/ml of (A3) and (A5) extracts showed complete closure of the scratch after 72 hours of treatment. In this study, we noticed that A. dhofarica plant extracts with a lower concentration are the most effective at healing wounds and have a minimal cytotoxic effect.

DETERMINING THE DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF RED CELL DISTRIBUTION WIDTH (RDW) IN THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA (IDA) AND NON TRANSFUSION-DEPENDENT BETA THALASSEMIA (BTT).

BACKGROUND: Hypochromic microcytic Anaemia comprises the major chunk of red blood-related disorders in our part of the world. Iron deficiency and beta-thalassemia are the most common hypochromic/microcytic Anemia . Red cell distribution width (RDW) is a credible marker of variation in red cell size (Anisocytosis). RDW is usually elevated in IDA due to variations in the size of erythrocytes while it is normal in the beta-thalassemia trait. Therefore, it is of considerable significance in the detection of IDA in clinical conditions, where Iron studies and other specialized investigations cannot be undertaken due to the reason of resource constrains. AIM: The study aims to detect the sensitivity and specificity of RDW in iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and beta thalassemia trait (TT). Hence, RDW is cost-effective and a reliable parameter in detecting IDA in the absence of many other diagnostic choices. METHODS: The study was conducted at Chughtai Institute of Pathology (CIP) Lahore from September 2019 –November 2019. It was a Cross-sectional Prospective study including 115 patients and dividing them into two main groups. Group 1 included patients of IDA. Group 2 included patients with beta Thalassemia trait having Haemoglobin A2 values of &gt;3.5 diagnosed on Capillary Haemoglobin Electrophoresis. RESULTS: The overall age of patients was 28.5±9.5 years and 30(26.1%) were males. Thirty-one (27.0%) were diagnosed as βTT among them.RDW had a sensitivity of 83.9% and specificity of 91.7% in the diagnosis of βTT by differentiating from IDA. CONCLUSION: RDW is a reliable and useful index for the diagnosis of IDA and differentiates it from βTT.

Non-invasive evaluation of autonomic responses in patients with rotator cuff tear-related nocturnal pain.

[Purpose] We aimed to determine the autonomic response in patients with rotator cuff tear-related nocturnal pain using nonlinear analysis of heart rate variability. [Participants and Methods] Twenty-eight patients with nocturnal pain who were diagnosed with a rotator cuff tear and received steroid injections, and whose nocturnal pain improved, were divided into a control group (14 patients) and a failure group (14 patients). Pulse wave was measured continuously using BACS Advance equipment (TAOS Co.) for a total of 17 min: 5 min before isometric hand grip, 2 min during isometric hand grip, 5 min after isometric hand grip, and 10 min after isometric hand grip. The autonomic nervous system activity was assessed using detrended fluctuation analysis and approximate entropy. [Results] The α1 values obtained from the detrended fluctuation analysis were significantly higher in the failure group than in the control group at each measurement period. The approximate entropy was normal in 12 (85%) patients in the control group and six (42%) patients in the failure group; it was abnormal in two (15%) patients in the control group and eight (58%) patients in the failure group. [Conclusion] Among patients experiencing nocturnal pain, several have abnormal autonomic response during isometric hand grip.

Model Simulation and Rheological Research on Crosslinking Behavior of Polyethylene Resin.

The crosslinking behavior of polyethylene (PE) determines its exceptional performance and application. In this study, we investigated the crosslinking behaviors of different PE resins through model simulation and rheological methods. Specifically, the mathematical equation of "S" model was established for PE resin. According to this equation, the optimal maximum gel content for high-density polyethylene (HDPE) was found to be around 85%. Moreover, the maximum crosslinking degrees for different PE resins depended largely on their density and molecular weight. The melt viscosities before crosslinking in PE resins were highly influenced by their melt index. The higher melt indexes resulted in the lower storage moduli, improving melt processability during processing. In addition, the crosslinking rates of PE resins were strongly influenced by peroxide concentration, independent of PE resin structures. For high molecular weight and low-density PE resins, they exhibited decreased ti values, increased A0 values, and decreased k6 values. However, there were no noticeable variations in the values of k2 and phi among different PE resins. All simulated modeling outcomes showed remarkable consistency with the experimental rheological data. These findings are of strong significance in the industrial manufacture of PE resin.