Production Value Research Articles

Biomass production and silage quality of ensiled BRS Capiaçu elephant grass at different regrowth ages and residue heights

The aim of this study was to determine the optimal combination of regrowth age and residue height of BRS Capiaçu elephant grass that yields the best balance between the dry mass production (DMP) of the harvested forage and silage quality. Four regrowth ages (75, 90, 105, and 120 days) and two residue heights (10 and 50 cm) were evaluated. The experimental design used a randomized complete block design with a 4 × 2 factorial scheme and 3 replicates. The regrowth age led to a linear increase in DMP. As regrowth age advanced, there were linear increases in the dry matter (DM) concentration, cell wall constituents, and fraction C (acid detergent insoluble nitrogen) of crude protein and reductions in the in vitro digestibility of DM and neutral detergent fiber (IVNDFD) in both the plant and its silage. Lower pH values were observed in silage made from plants harvested at 10 cm. No significant effects of the studied factors were found on the concentrations of organic acids in the silage, except for propionic acid. Management using a 105-day regrowth period and a 10-cm residue height resulted in a better balance between the dry mass production, fermentative profile and nutritional value of silage.

Structural Variation Analysis in the samd3/elf3 Intergenic Region of the Barred knifejaw (Oplegnathus fasciatus) and the Development of Molecular Marker for Efficient Sex Identification.

The fish species Oplegnathus fasciatus exhibits an X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y sex determination mechanism. This species holds considerable economic value and displays pronounced sexual dimorphism in growth. Therefore, the development of a rapid and accurate method for sex identification is critical to enhancing breeding efficiency and maximizing production value. Using third-generation PacBio whole-genome sequencing, we identified a homologous region in the samd3/elf3 intergenic region of the X and Y chromosomes of O. fasciatus. Analysis of the whole-genome sequence revealed a large DNA insertion marker fragment within this region. Using specifically designed primers, two bands of 390bp and 1008bp were successfully amplified in males, whereas only a single 390bp band was detected in females. This marker can be easily distinguished by agarose gel electrophoresis, greatly enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of sex identification. This study not only expands the molecular marker system for sex identification of O. fasciatus but also offers a valuable methodological reference for sex identification in other economically important fish species. These findings have significant implications for germplasm improvement and efficient selection in aquaculture.

Effect of Artemisia annua on anticoccidial action, intestinal microbiota and metabolites of Hu lambs

BackgroundCoccidia are among the primary pathogens causing diarrhea and even fatalities in lambs. With the increasing use of chemical drugs to treat coccidiosis, the problem of drug resistance is becoming more and more threatening. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify novel alternative drugs for the treatment of the lamb coccidia. In this study, the effect of different doses and extraction methods of Artemisia annua (A. annua) on anticoccidial activity and growth performance was assessed by oocysts output (OPG), fecal index, average daily gain (ADG) and the new production value of experimental lambs. High-throughput sequencing technology was employed to investigate the effect of A. annua on the intestinal microbiota and metabolites of lambs afflicted with coccidiosis.ResultsThe results revealed that all A. annua treatment groups exhibited good anticoccidial effects. According to the soft stool index and ADG analysis, the Low-dose A. annua (AL) and A. annua alcohol extract (AA) groups demonstrated a better overall effect. The microbiota and metabolites of lambs changed after A. annua was administered. Unclassified_Muribaculaceae exhibited a significant positive correlation with ADG (P < 0.05) and a negative correlation with OPG, although the latter was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Alistipes displayed a significant negative correlation with ADG (P < 0.05), and a positive correlation with OPG (P > 0.05). Additionally, UCG 005 exhibited a highly significant negative correlation with OPG (P < 0.01).ConclusionThe above results demonstrated that AL and AA groups had more effective anticoccidial action. Unclassified_Muribaculaceae could be employed as a suitable probiotic to enhance weight gain in lambs, while UCG-005 could inhibit intestinal Eimeria colonization in lambs. Alistipes may serve as a biomarker for predicting the risk of intestinal coccidia outbreaks in lambs. A. annua induced significant changes in gut microbiota, accompanied by corresponding changes in metabolites. These differences in gut microbiota and metabolites provide valuable insights for subsequent research on the mechanisms underlying anticoccidial action.

Desain Perencanaan Sequence Penambangan Batubara Short-Term

Mine planning activities require analysis to apply the mining sequence to determine the reserve value of the designed mining sequence by considering the ultimate pit limit to match the targeted reserve and economic value. The designed pit limit will be divided into smaller units that consider the recommended stripping ratio value from the company. In the study, 2 PC-800 tools were selected with a month's production value of 274,176 Bcm for overburden excavation and 1 PC-200 with a month's production value of 42 Bcm. 1 PC-200 with a production value for a month of 42,389.57 tonnes for coal excavation. coal excavation, then volume calculations were carried out using the block model method. The results of overburden volume from this study in mining sequence 1, 2, 3, 4. mining sequence 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 respectivel are (274,093; 274,129; 273,997; 273,754; 273,649; 274,138; 273,710; 274,176; 274,142; 274,176; 274,176; 274,043) Bcm. For the results of coal volume in mining sequences 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 are (785.2; 17,420; 41,873; 41,684.5; 26,299; 34,938.8; 41,967.9; 42,389.1; 42,389.1; 42,217.5; 42,387.8; 42,389.1) tonnes respectively.

ANALYSIS OF MINERAL CONTENT (CALCIUM, POTASSIUM, PHOSPHORUS) IN KEPOK BANANA PEEL AND AMBON BANANA WITH MPAES METHOD

Banana is one of the most abundant horticultural commodities in Indonesia. Apart from the fruit, banana peels have great potential to be utilized because they contain various minerals that are beneficial to the body, such as calcium, potassium, and phosphorus. However, the utilization of banana peels is still very low because they are often considered as waste. This study aims to analyze the mineral content of kepok and ambon banana peels using the Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (MPAES) method. The study was conducted qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitative analysis involved flame test and precipitation reaction to detect the presence of minerals, while quantitative analysis used MPAES instrument to measure mineral content. Qualitative results showed that kepok and ambon banana peels contained calcium, potassium and phosphorus. Quantitatively, kepok banana peels have an average calcium content of 2,568.7 mg/kg, potassium 5,237.6 mg/kg, and phosphorus 429.13 mg/kg. Ambon banana peel contains an average of 2,095.3 mg/kg calcium, 4,216.3 mg/kg potassium, and 177.43 mg/kg phosphorus. Differences in mineral content were analyzed using Paired sample T-Test and Wilxocon which showed significant differences in calcium and phosphorus levels between the two types of banana peels, while potassium levels showed no significant differences. The results of this study indicate the potential of banana peels as a source of minerals for nutritional supplements and pharmaceutical products. Utilization of banana peels can support organic waste management and increase the added value of banana production.

Tailoring the digital pitch: gender-specific strategies for maximizing social media ad impact on purchase intention

PurposeThis study explores the influence of gender-specific reactions to social media advertisements on purchase intentions, addressing a gap in existing research. It examines how these reactions affect the perceived value of ads and, consequently, the intention to purchase, with a particular focus on gender as a moderating factor. The primary aim is to analyse how gender moderates the relationship between consumers’ perceptions of the value of social media ads and their subsequent purchase intentions.Design/methodology/approachA non-probability convenience sampling method was employed to collect data from 423 social media users in Malaysia at shopping malls. Respondents interacted with advertisements on Facebook, Instagram or TikTok and completed a survey. Descriptive analysis was performed using SPSS 25. The study utilized structural equation modelling (SEM) to test the structural and measurement models. Multigroup analysis (MGA) was conducted using SMART-PLS 4.0.9.6 to assess moderation effects based on gender differences.FindingsThe findings reveal that advertisements emphasizing entertainment significantly influence female purchase intentions, whereas ads highlighting product or service values resonate more with males, challenging common stereotypes. Informative and creative ads show universal appeal across genders, underscoring the importance of diverse ad elements in shaping consumer behaviour.Originality/valueThis study advances the advertising value model by specifically identifying gender-based differences in how entertainment and perceived value in social media ads influence purchase intention. It uniquely reveals that females are more responsive to entertainment-focused and value-conscious ads. These findings provide targeted strategies for advertisers to design gender-sensitive campaigns, enhancing the model’s relevance in contemporary digital advertising contexts.

Genomic Landscape and Prediction of Udder Traits in Saanen Dairy Goats.

Goats are essential to the dairy industry in Shaanxi, China, with udder traits playing a critical role in determining milk production and economic value for breeding programs. However, the direct measurement of these traits in dairy goats is challenging and resource-intensive. This study leveraged genotyping imputation to explore the genetic parameters and architecture of udder traits and assess the efficiency of genomic prediction methods. Using data from 635 Saanen dairy goats, genotyped for over 14,717,075 SNP markers and phenotyped for three udder traits, heritability was 0.16 for udder width, 0.32 for udder depth, and 0.13 for teat spacing, with genetic correlations of 0.79, 0.70, and 0.45 observed among the traits. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) revealed four candidate genes with selection signatures linked to udder traits. Predictive models, including GBLUP, kernel ridge regression (KRR), and Adaboost.RT, were evaluated for genomic estimated breeding value (GEBV) prediction. Machine learning models (KRR and Adaboost.RT) outperformed GBLUP by 20% and 11% in predictive accuracy, showing superior stability and reliability. These results underscore the potential of machine learning approaches to enhance genomic prediction accuracy in dairy goats, providing valuable insights that could contribute to improvements in animal health, productivity, and economic outcomes within the dairy goat industry.

Solar parking lot capacity: an abundant dual-use alternative to meet demand for the renewable energy transition

Abstract Most utility-scale solar facilities (USSFs) in the United States (US) are planned or installed in grasslands, pastures, agriculture land, and timberland, with aggressive future expansion plans. Investor-owned electricity providers have lobbied aggressively to remove obstacles to approval of USSFs on agricultural lands and for limits on regulations that support distributed solar installation. Rural USSF expansion may have potentially significant local, state, and regional impacts on agricultural production and the economy, property values and affordability, and conservation of habitats, connectivity, and endangered species. The potential use of parking lots in urban and suburban areas for solar development to meet demands is poorly studied and parking lot solar has not gained much traction in the US. The objective of this research was to estimate whether solar PV systems installed in parking lots can meet electricity demands across multiple urban and suburban metropolitan areas within the US. Parking lot data across four municipalities with variation in latitude, solar radiation, and population density was obtained, along with modeled annual electricity demand by sector. Parking lot area and potential generating capacity was calculated for canopy and carport designs using standard and premium efficiency panels, and annual electricity production was estimated using the National Renewable Energy Laboratory’s PVWatts Calculator. Premium efficiency canopy designs can meet ~100% of demand in some large car dependent low to medium density municipalities. High density urban areas may receive marginal direct benefit from parking lot solar development within their boundaries. Dual-use of lands without any ecosystem or productive value can substantially contribute to renewable energy mixes to meet demands.

A medium-throughput protease assay for screening green plant material

Aboveground plant material is subject to stress-induced senescence after harvest. For flowers, vegetables and forages, this process can severely impact quality. Proteases, in particular, are responsible for post-harvest protein degradation and contribute to cellular breakdown. Alfalfa is a high-quality forage and a perennial source of protein for dairy cows. Its nutritional value and suitability for sustainable agricultural production are also driving interest in the possible use of alfalfa for human consumption, however, the issue of rapid protein degradation after harvest needs to be addressed before the protein can be extracted for human use on a large scale. We have optimized a cost-effective, medium-throughput, fluorescence intensity-based protease activity assay specifically for aboveground plant tissue that balances precision and throughput, the latter of which has been a barrier to further study. This method will allow higher-throughput phenotyping of plant protease activity than is currently feasible: one person can process approximately 120 samples per day, compared to approximately 25 with previous methods. We have used this method in alfalfa to assess protease activity during wilting at pH 7.4 and pH 6.3.

Effect of Thermal Treatment on the Extraction and Antioxidant and Antiglycation Activities of (Poly)phenols from Ribes magellanicum.

Phenolic compounds have antiglycation activity, but the changes occurring during thermal treatment (TT) in these activities are not completely understood. The effects of the extraction conditions of (poly)phenols from Ribes magellanicum fruits, before and after TT, on their antioxidant and antiglycation effects were assessed. (Poly)phenol-enriched extracts (PEEs) from raw and TT (90 °C, 1 h) Ribes magellanicum were extracted using three solvent mixtures (ethanol/water/acetic acid) with increasing water content (0, 24, and 49%) and three solvent-to-solid ratios (5, 10, and 20 mL/g). PEEs of raw samples showed increased values of total (poly)phenols (TPC), TEAC, and FRAP and decreased IC50 values of fluorescent advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with increasing water content. An increase in TPC and FRAP values was observed for TT samples, but an increase in the IC50 values of fluorescent AGEs for PEEs with increasing water content was observed. Antiglycation activity (IC50 raw/IC50 TT) depended on the solvent-to-solid ratio and the extracting solvent. HPLC-DAD-MS analysis of raw and TT samples showed degradation of anthocyanins, flavonoid fragmentation, and oxidation as the main changes in the phenolic composition of TT samples. We show that TT affects the (poly)phenolic composition of R. magellanicum, producing a decrease in the antiglycation activity when extractions are performed with increasing water content, despite increasing TPC and FRAP activity.

Factors Influencing Investments in Tectona grandis and Pinus patula Tree Seeds Production in Tanzania

Investments in Tectona grandis and Pinus patula seeds have had a significant role in the economic growth of the forest sector in the World. Investors not only provide capital but also facilitate access to international markets, management and organizational abilities, as well as advanced and efficient technologies. This study investigated the main factors influencing investments in tree seed production focusing mainly on Tectona grandis and Pinus patula seeds. The study assessed the factors that attract or discourage investors from investing in the production of Tectona grandis and Pinus patula seeds. A purposive sampling design was employed for selecting species and study sites. Data were collected using mixed techniques including Key Informants’ Interviews (KII), Focus Group Discussions (FGD), researcher’s direct observation and literature review. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected and analyzed using various techniques. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS (version 23.0) and Excel programs. In addition, descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the collected data. Findings indicate that the availability of market information and favourable government policies and regulations were among the factors attracting investors in the tree seeds production industry. On the other hand, unavailability of market information, unfavourable government policy and regulation, inadequate awareness of the tree seeds production value chain and the longtime nature of tree seeds investment were factors discouraging investors from engaging in the tree seeds industry. Further, factors influencing tree seed price setting include demand for seeds, quality of seeds and costs of production. Investors require a substantial amount of information that could guarantee safety and a favourable business environment to enable easy control of tree seed business risks and uncertainties. Tree seeds market and production value chain information should therefore be provided to investors through various media. In order to regulate and protect the tree seeds sector in the country, the Government policies and regulations pertaining to tree seeds should be enacted

Potential Correlation Between Hematological Parameters and Palpitation in Outpatients With COVID-19: A Retrospective Study.

Research on heart injury caused by COVID-19 is limited to large observational and retrospective cohort studies using imaging or pathological data. Reported changes in the levels of myocardial markers in severe diseases have been limited, with few studies on mild infections. The effects of COVID-19 on cardiac function and changes in myocardial marker levels have not yet been reported. We analyzed data from outpatient blood samples collected at Beijing Anzhen Hospital during the 2022 COVID-19 outbreak and used the same periods in 2020 and 2021 as controls, focusing on changes in routine blood tests, coagulation, myocardial markers, and other blood indices in patients with palpitations. The number of patients with palpitations increased by 4.87-fold during the COVID-19 mass outbreak in 2022. The indices of myocardial damage did not show any symptom-related increases but decreased within the normal range. The proportion of patients with palpitations whose D-dimer and fibrinogen/fibrin degradation product (FDP) values exceeded the reference ranges increased, as did the numbers of neutrophils, monocytes, and platelets. In this retrospective analysis, we found little change in the myocardial markers in patients with mild COVID-19. In patients with mild COVID-19, attention should be diverted from detecting myocardial markers to changes in coagulation test results, focusing on the levels of coagulation indices to improve circulation and prevent thrombosis.

MicroVi: A Cost-Effective Microscopy Solution for Yeast Cell Detection and Count in Wine Value Chain.

In recent years, the wine industry has been researching how to improve wine quality along the production value chain. In this scenario, we present here a new tool, MicroVi, a cost-effective chip-sized microscopy solution to detect and count yeast cells in wine samples. We demonstrate that this novel microscopy setup is able to measure the same type of samples as an optical microscopy system, but with smaller size equipment and with automated cell count configuration. The technology relies on the top of state-of-the-art computer vision pipelines to post-process the images and count the cells. A typical pipeline consists of normalization, feature extraction (i.e., SIFT), image composition (to increase both resolution and scanning area), holographic reconstruction and particle count (i.e., Hough transform). MicroVi achieved a 2.19 µm resolution by properly resolving the G7.6 features from the USAF Resolving Power Test Target 1951. Additionally, we aimed for a successful calibration of cell counts for Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We compared our direct results with our current optical setup, achieving a linear calibration for measurements ranging from 0.5 to 50 million cells per milliliter. Furthermore, other yeast cells were qualitatively resolved with our MicroVi microscope, such as, Brettanomyces bruxellensis, or bacteria, like, Lactobacillus plantarum, thus confirming the system's reliability for consistent microbial assessment.

ANALYSIS OF ADDED VALUE AND FEASIBILITY OF SEAWEEDS DODOL PRODUCTS IN UMKM MOFFIN SUMENEP

UMKM MOFFIN was established in 2017 and strives to continue to develop in producing seaweed-based products. UMKM MOFFIN is located in Pagar Batu Village, Saronggi District, Sumenep Regency. Added value is the added value that occurs because a commodity undergoes processing, transportation and storage in one production process with the use/provision of functional inputs. While the feasibility analysis includes the calculation of NPV, IRR, Net B/C, and PBP with a comparison between the income obtained and the total costs incurred by the company. This study is to determine the added value of seaweed dodol production in Moffin UMKM and to determine the feasibility of seaweed dodol products in Moffin UMKM using NPV, IRR, Net B / C and PP calculations. The analysis of added value obtained from processing 10 kg of seaweed dodol is 63.30 % of production results. The profit margin obtained from every 5 kg of seaweed is distributed for each factor, namely profit 65.15%, labor 3.87 % and other input contributions of 30.98 %. The feasibility value analysis has Eligible criteria from NPV (net present value) , IRR ( Internal rate of return ) , Net B / C ( Net benefit cost ratio ) and PP (Payback Period). This UMKM has positive added value so it must maintain, increase business activities and expand its marketing. As well as separating income and expenses, preparing profit and loss reports properly.

Digital Twin Driven Assembly Line Re-Balancing and Decision Support

Recent investments in industrial digitization together with the concrete need for short-term planning capabilities mean digital twins can effectively aid enterprises in the management of their production systems and value chains. This paper introduces a conceptual framework for assembly line re-balancing in the context of Industry 5.0, focusing on manual assembly processes. The framework aims to leverage a digital twin for obtaining a synchronized representation of the current task allocations in the assembly line, and uses data-driven scenario generation methods for investigating alternative balancing solutions that are proposed to operators in real time. A proof-of-concept platform is implemented in a laboratory environment, utilizing an assembly line with industrial components. Preliminary results demonstrate the compatibility of the proposed components within the digital twin framework. The potential applicability to various manual assembly scenarios is discussed, along with considerations for incorporating additional constraints in the evaluation process.

Ethical food consumption in the digital age: Consumer attitudes towards digitally monitored animal welfare in pork products.

Climate change is an emerging global reality with widespread effects on ecosystems and human communities. However, its significant impact on livestock animals often goes underdiscussed as more focus is given to impact of livestock production on climate change. Implementing high-welfare systems, such as digital monitoring of animals, can help mitigate climate-related challenges by reducing temperature fluctuations and controlling disease spread. Despite the potential benefits, consumer acceptance of this digital innovation remains uncertain. This study examines consumer attitudes toward digitally monitored animal welfare practices, aiming to understand their acceptance and the values they associate with these practices. It investigates the role of digital technology in enhancing consumer decision-making by addressing animal welfare concerns. Using means-end chain theory and Schwartz's value typology, the research explores the motivational layers and product attributes tied to consumer values. Semi-structured interviews with twenty pork consumers revealed hierarchical relationships between product attributes, benefits, and values. Analysis through NVivo 14 and LadderUX software generated themes and a hierarchical value map. The findings indicate that consumers prioritise attributes such as animal diets, stress-free environments, humane processing practices, and health conditions, linking these to both ethical and hedonic values. Intrinsic attributes like product appearance and freshness are crucial for at-home consumption decisions, while sustainable packaging also plays a role. The study also found differences in consumer behaviour based on the consumption context, with ethical decision-making often shifting to restaurateurs when dining out. The research underscores the importance of transparency, ethical practices, and product quality in influencing consumer decisions, providing actionable insights for marketing strategies that promote ethical consumption and improve animal welfare standards.

Based on the MaxEnt model the analysis of influencing factors and simulation of potential risk areas of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) in China.

Exposure to infected animals and their contaminated environments may be the primary cause of human infection with the H7N9 avian influenza virus. However, the transmission characteristics and specific role of various influencing factors in the spread of the epidemic are not clearly understood. Therefore, it is of great significance for scientific research and practical application to explore the influencing factors related to the epidemic. Based on the data of relevant influencing factors and case sample points, this study used the MaxEnt model to test the correlation between human infection with H7N9 avian influenza and influencing factors in China from 2013 to 2017, and scientifically simulated and evaluated the potential risk areas of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza in China. The simulation results show that the epidemic risk is increasing year by year, and the eastern and southeastern coasts have always been high-risk areas. After verification, the model simulation results are generally consistent with the actual outbreak of the epidemic. Population density was the main influencing factor of the epidemic, and the secondary influencing factors included vegetation coverage, precipitation, altitude, poultry slaughter, production value, and temperature. The study revealed the spatial distribution and diffusion rules of the H7N9 epidemic and clarified the key influencing factors. In the future, more variables need to be included to improve the model and provide more accurate support for prevention and control strategies.

Characterization of the Different Chemical Components and Nutritional Properties of Two Eryngium Species.

This study aimed to investigate the nutritional value and potential for herbal tea production of two species Eryngium. The analysis includes the quantification of lipids, proteins, organic acids (HPLC-MS), sugars (HPLC-MS), phenolic compounds (HPLC-MS-MS), volatile compounds (GC-MS), fatty acids (GC-MS), amino acids (HPLC-MS-MS), some minerals (ICP-MS), total phenolic content, and antioxidant activities of Eryngium billardieri flowers (EBF) and thorns (EBT), as well as Eryngium planum flowers (EPF) and thorns (EPT). The results indicate that EPF and EPT exhibit elevated levels of protein (11.2%) and sugars (224.2 mg/gdw), respectively. Whereas, EBF demonstrates a higher concentration of amino acids (7.13 mg/100 gdw) and total phenolic content (19.25 mg GAE/gdw), which correlates with pronounced antioxidant properties. Oleic acid was notable in E. billardieri, while linoleic and α-linolenic acids were predominant in E. planum. Furthermore, essential minerals such as Fe, Mn, Zn, Mg, K, Ca, and P were also determined. Sensory evaluations by panelists confirmed that tea derived from the studied species possesses favorable taste and flavor profiles, attributed to its rich volatile compounds. These findings highlight the nutritional value of Eryngium species as a functional ingredient in the food industry. Additionally, their antioxidant properties suggest promising uses in pharmaceutical applications.

Income contribution from forest honey: digital era opportunities for economic and environmental sustainability in Sumbawa

Abstract Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) are believed to benefit environmental sustainability and local community welfare significantly. However, limited information regarding the potential household income from forest honey hunting has led to skepticism, prompting some community members to convert forests to other uses for economic reasons. This study aims to analyze the contribution of forest honey hunting in Sumbawa to family income and to explore strategies to enhance the value of honey production, providing hope for sustainable practices and environmental conservation in the digital era. The research was conducted on the island of Sumbawa using data collection methods such as interviews, observations, and literature reviews. The calculations were made by determining the percentage of the honey hunting sector in the overall income and then analyzed descriptively. The results show that in Bima Regency, the contribution was 23%, and in Sumbawa Regency, it was 30% of the total income of honey hunters. These findings demonstrate that this commodity can support the economy of honey-hunting families during urgent cash needs. However, income diversification is necessary because honey is only available during certain months of the year. Many parties have worked towards sustainable practices to enhance the value of honey production. For example, several civil groups have adopted sustainable harvesting practices believed to improve forest honey productivity and reduce environmental damage. The study also indicates that many aspects of production need improvement, including marketing, which must adapt to digital trends that offer many opportunities, especially for hunters. Therefore, collaboration among various stakeholders is essential to achieving significant benefits for environmental sustainability and community welfare.

Agronomic performance, biomass production, and nutrient value of three napier grass cultivars (Pennisetum purpureum) in highland area

The study aims to determine the agronomic performance, biomass production, and nutrient value of three Pennisetum purpureum cultivar (Biovitas, Pakchong, and Mott) in 1000 meters above sea level (asl) highland area of Petungkriyono, Pekalongan, Central Java, Indonesia. The grasses were planted using vegetative stems and maintained for four months, following completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications for each cultivar. Agronomic performance was assessed before harvested. Napier grass was harvested to investigate the biomass production and nutrient values, including organic matter, crude protein, crude protein yield, crude fibre, and crude fat. Pakchong had the highest biomass and crude fiber content. Biovitas exhibited the highest agronomic performance, with superior plant height, leaf length, leaf width, and stem diameter, as well as the highest nutrient values in term of organic metters. Mott showed the highest tiller number and crude protein content among the cultivars. The distinct strength of each cultivar indicates their potential suitability for various agricultural applications in highland regions.