Value Engineering Process Research Articles

효율적인 VE워크숍을 위한 웹기반 VE지원시스템 개발에 대한 기초연구

국내 건설산업의 효율성 제고와 건설프로젝트의 가치를 향상시키기 위해 VE제도가 도입 된지도 30여년의 시간이 지났으나 국내 현실은 프로젝트의 기능분석 과정에 많은 시간과 노력을 투자하지 못하고 있으며, 이를 바탕으로 해야 할 전문가 협업워크숍 부분이 부족하여 창의적인 아이디어의 도출이 부족하게 되고 결과적으로 VE활동은 설계검토와 비용절감 부분에 초점이 맞추어지는 것이 현실이다. 이를 개선하기 위해서는 체계화된 VE Job Plan 프로세스와 워크숍 협업 전산시스템이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 프로젝트 의사결정을 위한 기능분석 및 FAST도 전산모델, 웹기반 VE워크숍 수행 및 프로젝트 의사결정프로그램을 제안하였으며, 이는 기능향상 및 비용절감을 목적으로 하는 다양한 분야에서 활용이 가능한 시스템이며 객관적인 성능 및 기능분석을 실행하여 다양한 이해관계에 놓인 의사결정자의 신속한 의사결정을 지원하며 VE업무 효율화를 극대화시킬 수 있으리라 기대된다. Value Engineering methodology was introduced about 30years ago and has significant achievement in Korea. However, many of workshop still focus on cost down process and do not spend enough time on function analysis and expert cooperation. As a result, limited range of creative ideas were produced. To improve effectiveness of VE workshop, this study developed web-based value engineering process and system. And this study applied it to real case study to evaluate effectiveness of proposed system. Developed VE system also provides automated FAST diagram function and decision-making supporting tools. The authors found that this developed web-based VE system can significantly help to save cost and improve performance of VE workshop by using the appropriate VE process, and quick cooperation between experts. In addition, this study shows an example of a VE case study that applies the web-based VE system process, which led to a very innovative and effective way to lead workshop.

가시설 공사 설계VE 대안검토시 모순충돌 해결을 통한 아이디어 창출

설계VE 과정에서 아이디어 창출은 가장 중요한 부분이다. 그러나 아이디어 창출은 일반적으로 설계VE 팀원의 지식이나 경험을 통하여 진행되게 된다. 설계VE 워크샵에서 좋은 성과를 내기 위해서는 단순하게 설계VE 팀원의 지식이나 경험에 의존하는 것이 아니라 보다 체계적인 접근방법이 필요하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 설계VE 워크샵에서 사용할 수 있도록 TRIZ의 모순충돌 개념을 활용한 체계적인 아이디어 창출방법을 제시한다. 연구과정에서는 TRIZ의 모순충돌 개념을 바탕으로 설계가 가지는 문제영역을 정의하고, 기술적 요인을 활용하여 모순충돌을 나타냈다. 아이디어 창출과정에서 기술적 요인은 설계기능을 향상시키기 위한 체계적 방법론으로 활용됐다. 가시설 공사에 대한 시범사례에서는 본 연구에서 제시한 아이디어 창출절차를 적용할 경우 설계가치를 향상시킬 수 있다는 것을 시범적으로 제시했다. Idea creation is the most important step in the overall value engineering (VE) process. Usually the activity is done mostly relying on the experience and knowledge of the experts in the VE team. A more organized approach is needed to find the chance of design improvement during a VE workshop. This study presents an organized approach to increasing the chance of idea creation during the VE workshop. The concept of conflict resolution in TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) is applied to understand the problem area during design improvement. The technical parameters were identified in the problem area to explain the conflicts in design improvement. These technical parameters were used to assist problem solving and improve design functions. A case study was done on a temporary construction operation, and demonstrated that the organized idea creation can help improve the design value of the temporary construction operation.

Use of Value Engineering to Develop Creative Design Solutions for Marine Construction Projects

This paper examines the potential of value engineering (VE) as a problem-solving tool for addressing various challenges in the marine construction industry. Through a review of large numbers of challenging engineering problems in the marine environment, the authors identified various complications caused by dynamic and uncertain marine environments in both the prebid and postbid stages of construction projects. These unexpected challenges required the project team to identify optimal solutions in a comprehensive and efficient manner. In past construction projects, a 10-step approach was designed and used by the authors to identify solutions for unexpected engineering problems. The approach has three limitations: (1) it is an informal and time-consuming process involving possibly redundant communications and coordination; (2) it is not specific and detailed enough to ensure that the optimal solution is in fact considered and selected in a comprehensive and efficient manner; and (3) it does not integrate standard metrics other than the estimated cost that can be used to quantitatively evaluate the performance of a solution in terms of productivity, quality, safety, and environmental impact. This paper first presents the current 10-step process for solving marine construction problems and limitations of this process. The paper then describes the VE seven-step process and highlights how the VE process and the 10-step approach share the same structure. All steps in the VE process can find correspondences in the 10-step process, whereas VE methodology formalizes the value of a solution and quantitative performance metrics to harvest and evaluate ideas from groups of engineers in a more systematic manner. Based on this shared structure, the paper discusses how to augment the 10-step approach with the VE methodology to achieve more comprehensive and efficient problem solving. Using a case study, the authors explain how such augmentation can effectively integrate the knowledge and experience of groups of engineers with diverse backgrounds in marine construction. Finally, the paper suggests future directions for using VE for marine construction projects.

Cost Reduction Through Value Engineering Practices in Manufacturing Assembly

Value Engineering (VE) is important tool to company in global market competition to providing a demand. VE process can provide for company continued growth and prosperity if applied properly. VE is defines as the systematic application of recognized techniques, which identify the function of product or service, establishes a monetary value for that function and provides the necessary function reliability at the lowest overall cost. This paper will presents a process on how to apply VE tools in manufacturing company. Therefore, we would like to study the application of VE approach method and at the same time investigating how much cost reduction can be done. The function of product will be defining and cost reduction is suggested by proposing alternative method to achieve that function. However the function quality is never degrading. The result is showed that 60% cost reduction can be proposed.

친환경건축물 설계를 위한 Green VE 대상선정모델

최근 세계적으로 환경문제가 대두됨에 따라 모든 산업분야에서 환경부하를 감소시키기 위한 노력이 나타나고 있다. 특히 건축물이 환경에 미치는 양향은 절대적인 비중을 차지하고 있기 때문에 건축물의 전생애주기 동안에 에너지 절약과 생태환경보전을 위해 국가별로 친환경 건축물 인증제도를 운영하고 있다. 국내에서도 국토해양부와 환경부가 모든 시설물에 대한 친환경건축물 인증을 실시하고 있다. 특히 2010년부터 신축되는 모든 공공청사에 대해서 건물에너지효율 1등급의 취득을 의무화하고 있다. 효율적이고 체계적인 친환경건축물의 설계를 위해서는 설계 초기단계부터 친환경요소를 고려해야 하는 것이 필수적이다. 그러나 현재 친환경건축물 인증을 받기 위한 과정을 살펴보면, 실시설계가 거의 완료된 시점에서 친환경요소들을 고려함으로써 근본적인 친환경요소들을 설계에 적용하는데 어려움이 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해, 기본 및 실시설계 Value Engineering에서 친환경적인 요소들을 고려하여 체계적인 친환경요소들을 고려한다면 효율적인 친환경건축물을 설계할 수 있을 것이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 친환경건축물 인증기준과 기존의 VE 대상선정 기법을 분석하여 프로젝트에서 집중적으로 고려해야 하는 친환경적인 요소들을 선정하기 위한 Green VE 대상선정모델을 제안하고자 한다. As environmental issues are rising recently efforts to reduce environmental stress are emerging in all industry segments. Especially environmental impact of buildings occupy a critical portion, so each country is operating green building rating system for life cycle of buildings. Accordingly green building rating system for every facility is operating in Korea. And acquisition of grade I for building energy efficiency is mandatory for every new public buildings since 2010. To design green building efficiently and systematically eco-friendly elements should be considered and checked from the schematic design phase. But in many cases eco-friendly elements are checked at the end of constructed design phase. So applying eco-friendly elements at the value engineering process, which is performing through schematic and constructed design phase, could make a efficient and systematic green building design. Value engineering process is divided into pre workshop, workshop and post workshop stages. And subject selection in pre workshop stage is the step that finds out the subjects which has the great possibility to be improved to perform efficient value engineering workshop. So this study present the Green VE subject selection model to select the most considerable eco-friendly subjects in projects.

Energy Efficiency in Value Engineering: Barriers and Pathways

AND BENEFITS Abstract: Value engineering is a technique that wastewater treatment facilities (WWTFs) currently use, when required, to analyze cost reduction and performance optimization opportunities. The research explores the potential to address energy efficiency during value engineering analyses of WWTFs. The research identifies the Society of American Value Engineers (SAVE) International as the primary value engineering standards and certification organization and shows the six-step SAVE process for conducting value engineering analyses. A survey of WWTFs identifies four WWTFs that conduct value engineering analyses using the SAVE process. Then, the research reviews the analyses to determine their effectiveness in addressing process energy efficiency opportunities. While the SAVE value engineering process does not require identification of energy efficiency opportunities, the analyses conducted by the WWTFs do identify such opportunities. Based on survey results, WWTFs only conduct value engineering analyses when required, primarily because of the cost and time commitment. The research presents barriers to conducting value engineering analyses and discusses possible mitigation pathways. Pathways include 1) steps the State Revolving Fund can take, 2) development of a national value engineering standard that regulatory agencies can incorporate into wastewater system design requirements, and 3) development of WWTF-oriented energy efficiency training materials to add to SAVE’s value engineer certification training. Value engineering is a technique that wastewater treatment facilities (WWTFs) currently use, when required, to analyze cost reduction and performance optimization opportunities. The research explores the potential to address energy efficiency during value engineering analyses of WWTFs. The research identifies the Society of American Value Engineers (SAVE) International as the primary value engineering standards and certification organization and shows the six-step SAVE process for conducting value engineering analyses. A survey of WWTFs identifies four WWTFs that conduct value engineering analyses using the SAVE process. Then, the research reviews the analyses to determine their effectiveness in addressing process energy efficiency opportunities. While the SAVE value engineering process does not require identification of energy efficiency opportunities, the analyses conducted by the WWTFs do identify such opportunities. Based on survey results, WWTFs only conduct value engineering analyses when required, primarily because of the cost and time commitment. The research presents barriers to conducting value engineering analyses and discusses possible mitigation pathways. Pathways include 1) steps the State Revolving Fund can take, 2) development of a national value engineering standard that regulatory agencies can incorporate into wastewater system design requirements, and 3) development of WWTF-oriented energy efficiency training materials to add to SAVE’s value engineer certification training. Benefits:  Documents WWTFs’ current use of value engineering only when required by regulatory organizations and presents possible pathways to promote this practice for energy efficiency.  Documents that WWTFs identify energy efficiency opportunities during value engineering analyses, though energy efficiency is not the focus of value engineering analysis.  Presents a pathway through SAVE to add WWTF-oriented energy efficiency training materials to their value engineer certification training.  Discusses a pathway to promote wastewater system value engineering through a national standard.

건축 VE 실적사례 데이터베이스(DB) 구축 연구

The results of VE (Value Engineering) analyses are highly feasible proposals that are produced by utilizing the experience and knowledge of professionals from a variety of fields. As such, the results of past similar projects can be useful in new projects. On this basis, it is vital to accumulate the historical data of the results on VE analyses performed at every stage, which are functions, ideas, and proposals. In this research, a data formational system for collecting this historic data was established by categorizing `Item,` `Function,` `Idea,` and `Proposal` according to VE process, and the data retrieval and the adjusting process were proposed. If the historic data of these are accumulated using the suggested method, it is expected to be useful at the stage of VE process.

Flexible Strategic Framework for Managing Forces of Continuity and Change in Value Engineering Processes: Study in Indian Context

Value engineering has been recognized as an important methodology for cost reduction in product development, process development and projects planning. In today’s dynamic world, however, Value Engineering (VE), as conventionally perceived and practiced by the design and development teams in rather an isolated manner is not adequate to address all the concerns faced by an organization. Value, or the factors both external as well as internal to an organization affecting value, does not remain constant throughout the VE process. The VE process, therefore, cannot continue to be a disconnected standalone process anymore. VE process needs to be integrated into the overall strategy of the organization. The forces of continuity and change, outlined in this paper, influence the initial goals VE projects and changes that take place throughout the process and their final outcome. This paper focuses on, identifying the key factors for forces of continuity and forces of change, to a build flexible strategic framework at organization level, and integrate the VE process with the organizational goals and strategies. The Continuity and Change (C-C) matrix proposed in this paper has been applied to four different organizations pursuing VE initiatives and come out with a flexible strategic framework for managing forces of continuity and change in VE process in an organization.

Applying Process Simulation Technique to Value Engineering Model: A Case Study of Hospital Building Project

<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> Applying value engineering (VE) in a construction project has proven to be an effective way to save the cost of a project. Different VE models have been developed and used in construction projects in the past. One common attribute of construction projects is the dependence of a highly qualitative decision making process: capturing, interpreting, and quantifying expert's subjective judgment. This study proposes an advanced five-phase VE model, each phase of which consists of a series of steps to better quantify subjective opinions of VE team members. Construction simulation technique, the Cyclic Operation Network, is used as a means to minimize subjectivity in estimating the value of different alternatives in terms of time and cost savings. A case study shows that the advanced five-phase VE model improves analysis, assessment, and decision on VE. This new approach has a great potential to minimize subjectivity during VE process and improves VE decision-making process by using quantitatively derived data from the simulation analysis. </para>

Enhancing Value Engineering Process by Incorporating Inventive Problem-Solving Techniques

The creativity phase is critical to the success of a value engineering exercise, in which the brainstorming technique is deployed to generate ideas. One shortcoming of the brainstorming technique is its lack of direction in problem solving, and consequently the efficiency is low in generating innovative and useful ideas. To overcome this shortcoming, this paper has explored the possibility of incorporating the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) into the workshop session of the value engineering exercise by initiating three new procedures in this session: (1) an initial design procedure to examine the functions of a proposed project; (2) a function trimming procedure to fully utilize existing resources and ensure low life-cycle cost and sustainability of the proposed project; and (3) an interaction analysis procedure to assess the proposed project in a broad perspective with social, economic, and environmental awareness. A case study has indicated the workability of the modified workshop procedures and the usefulness of TRIZ tools and techniques in efficiently and effectively creating innovative ideas.

Integrating Value Engineering and Context-Sensitive Solutions

The designers of transportation infrastructures are increasingly using the term “context-sensitive design” (CSD) or the broader term “context-sensitive solutions” (CSSs) to refer to a design process that strives to be more cognizant of its surrounding environment. Transportation infrastructures, especially in urban environments, are part of a much larger urban ecology that consists of a complex set of natural and human-made systems. As such, design guidelines that solely address engineering and safety considerations have proved themselves incapable of delivering street designs that respond to the functional requirements of the multitude of stakeholders within urban environments. Analysis of these requirements is a necessary first step for any successful CSD-CSS. In this regard, value engineering has been identified as a successful tool for product functional analysis. Several phases of value engineering overlap with the guiding principles of CSD-CSS. As such, this paper presents a value engineering framework that can be used for the analysis of the functional requirements of urban streets within a CSD-CSS approach. To place the proposed framework into context, a major transit improvement project in the city of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, was studied. Seven of the main design elements were analyzed against the primary and secondary objectives identified by the value engineering process. Almost all objectives were attained by the design elements selected. The proposed framework and analysis of the case study show that the value engineering methodology can be efficiently used to address the needs of CSD design of urban streets.

Channel Tunnel Rail Link section 1: North Downs tunnel

The 3·2 km tunnel under the North Downs in Kent is the longest tunnel on the first section of the £5·2 billion Channel Tunnel Rail Link. It is also has the largest cross-section of any rail tunnel in Europe since no pressure relief shafts were allowed in the environmentally protected area above. This paper reports on how a value engineering process led to a significant change to the tender design, resulting in a 15% saving in cost and programme. Extensive tests of the overlying chalk showed it was stiffer than predicted, thus permitting the use of a thinner unreinforced secondary lining and a flat invert.

Applications Of Design Intent In ValueEngineering

The increasing complexity of building facilities highlights the need for improved communication among the numerous Architecture-Engineering-Construction (AEC) participants involved in a single project. The AEC industry implements value engineering programs not only to improve the life cycle cost effectiveness of these projects, but also to improve the communication of design intent among the project participants. This paper briefly describes the design intent and value engineering concepts from the point of view of the AEC industry. Emerging computer technologies such as computer-aided design and artificial intelligence are necessary in the implementation of the coupling of these two concepts. This coupling improves the efficiency of the value engineering process. The paper also presents a prototype computer-aided value engineering (CAVE) system currently under development. The implementation of a CAVE system embeds the value engineering process in the design process and forms the foundation for a computer-integrated facility life cycle concept