Value Chain Concept Research Articles

Łańcuch wartości w sektorze edukacji zilustrowany przykładem systemu VCC (Vocational Competence Certificate)

Artykuł przedstawia model łańcucha wartości dodanej w sektorze edukacji na przykładzie systemu VCC (Vocational Competence Certificate), która łączy podmioty sektora edukacji formalnej i pozaformalnej z podmiotami rynku pracy. W pierwszej części pracy prezentowana jest sama koncepcja VCC jako system walidacji efektów kształcenia dostosowany do potrzeb pracodawców oraz zasady ją konstytuujące. W drugiej części natomiast dokonuje się próby budowy modelu łańcucha wartości w oparciu o zmodyfikowany model Hans Jørn Hansena, a także dokonuje się analizy procesów w nim zachodzących w aspekcie generowania możliwej wartości dodanej.

Value Chain and Performance in Agro Allied Small and Medium Scale Enterprise in Sokoto State, Nigeria

<p>This study investigates the impact of value chain on the performance of Agro Allied SMEs in Sokoto State. The concept of value chain is too board and some managers are confused on the right value chain activities to choose and apply in their business. Using point time data collected from primary source with the used of questionnaire and applying Ordinary Least Square (OLS) finding reveals that there is significant relation between value chain and performance of Agro Allied SMEs in Sokoto State. Other findings primary activities of value chain contribute significantly to the performance of Agro SMEs in Sokoto State and secondary activities of value chain contribute significantly to the performance of Agro SMEs in Niger State. Results recommends that Agro SMEs in Sokoto State should continue to improve on primary and secondary activities of value chain since it contributes significantly to the performance of Agro SMEs in Sokoto State.</p>

Value Network Design for Innovations: Developing Alternative Value Network Drafts

The well-known concepts of value or supply chains do not do justice to describing how value is created in today’s complex networks. Whereas traditional value chains have been characterized by strict upstream and downstream relationships, organizations nowadays interact as networked intermediaries (Porter, 1980; Yassine & Braha, 2003). These networks not only consist of companies; any player such as a research institute can partake in the process of value creation (Fjeldstad & Ketels, 2006).

Diseño de un modelo que interpreta el concepto de marketing territorial aplicado al departamento de Santander y su área metropolitana

El concepto de cadena de valor acotado por M. Porter (1990) ha descrito los modelos de desarrollo de actividades que se llevan a cabo en empresas e industrias con el ánimo de obtener un mejor rendimiento traducido en generación de valor para los públicos objetivos, por lo cual la finalidad misma de la interpretación del concepto en referencia es lograr determinar las actividades o competencias diferenciadoras que lleven a la obtención de una ventaja competitiva y con ello considerar una rentabilidad superior a otros competidores presentes en el mercado.
 Pero cuando no se habla de industria, sino de un territorio visto como una zona que puede ser aprovechada para generar valor; López, Méndez y Dones (2009), identifican una relación existente entre los conceptos de marketing territorial y cadena de valor, aludiendo a que existen actividades y procesos de crecimiento económico y de desarrollo regional que generan competitividad e interacción entre actores que se encuentran en un territorio definido. Así, de acuerdo a Cotorruelo (2001), el concepto de marketing territorial se incorpora en procesos de generación de valor y su aprovechamiento obedece a la identificación de elementos diferenciadores para una determinada región y de su utilización para hacerla visible y competitiva.
 Según Boisier (2006), “todos los territorios quieren ser competitivos hacia adentro y hacia afuera”, por lo cual, la construcción de una imagen positiva regional incluye estrategias encaminadas hacia la generación del desarrollo local desde aspectos económicos, sociales, ambientales y culturales, que conducen a la proliferación de nuevas oportunidades...

New end markets, supermarket expansion and shifting social standards

In recent years, Northern supermarket chains have internationalized rapidly and Southern supermarket chains have expanded their footprint in emerging markets. As they have done so, questions have arisen about the impact of such supermarkets and the extent of consumer demand for social standards (labour standards and fair trade). While standards have been more (or less) codified in their Northern counterparts over recent decades, it remains an empirical question whether – and if so how – they will take hold in the rapidly expanding markets of the global South. The paper analyses the extent to which social standards are applied by Northern lead firms as well as regional supermarkets operating in the global South. It questions the view that Southern consumers and civil society actors are uninterested in social standards and suggests a more differentiated and complex process driving their selective application in the global South. Value chain concepts of governance help analyse how lead firms are shifting from regimes of control and coordination towards practices of normalization and convergence. We draw on the notion of multi-polar governance to explore emerging pressures for social standards extended to Southern consumer markets and differential channels for convergence emerging across the global North and South. Three case studies highlight diverse channels of convergence on social standards: (i) led by transnational retailers, (ii) led by standards initiatives and (iii) linking private with public governance. These illustrate that socially responsible consumption is only one element in more complex multi-polar governance processes that reveal trends towards both divergence and convergence in the drivers of social standards within emerging economies.

Supply chain processes

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the value chain processes that represent the “black box” between supply logistics integration and competitive operational performance in firms. To realize this objective, the authors develop a research model which comprises a series of linkages from supply logistics integration to operational outcomes using Porter’s concept of value chain and the relational view of resource-based theory as theoretical lenses.Design/methodology/approach– The data set for testing the hypothesized relationships in this study was drawn from 232 Australian manufacturing firms.Findings– The findings show that there is no significant direct relationship between supply logistics integration and competitive operational performance; rather, the relationship is fully mediated by inbound supply performance and internal lean production processes. Further, lean production processes have a positive effect on inbound supply performance.Research limitations/implications– The study shows the importance of managing both internal (production processes) and external processes (logistics and supply chain) of firms’ operations in an integrated manner in which supply logistics integration act through key internal processes to impact competitive performance which the end customers actually experience.Originality/value– This is the first study which uncovers what happens “in between” the incoming materials and the end outputs delivered by firms into the market. This “in between black box” is important in improving our understanding of how inbound supply activities are translated into outbound competitive performance outcomes.

La cadena de valor del destino como herramienta innovadora para el análisis de la sostenibilidad de las políticas turísticas. El caso de España

El concepto cadena de valor del destino permite construir un marco de análisis innovador de la actividad turística desde una perspectiva holística e integradora, e identificar las políticas a formular para incorporar la sostenibilidad como una variable estratégica de gestión turística y de posicionamiento de los destinos en los mercados. Para demostrar la validez de esta herramienta, se ha considerado el caso de España, uno de los principales destinos turísticos del mundo, con espacios turísticos muy consolidados y con un modelo que la literatura científica coincide en calificar como obsoleto y agotado, que requiere de una reinvención. Para ello, se ha realizado un análisis Delphi con expertos nacionales del más alto nivel, que ha permitido identificar los factores que impulsan o condicionan la generación de valor desde la óptica de la sostenibilidad, lo que permitirá, en una segunda etapa, diseñar una agenda estratégica de políticas orientadas a potenciar la capacidad del país para generar valor a lo largo de la cadena.

Project Investment and Development

Project Investment and Development

Importance-performance ratings for environmental practices among Hong Kong professional-level employees

The environmental performance of organizations is an increasing focus in cleaner production. This paper explores how the importance and performance of environmental practices were perceived among professional-level employees in Hong Kong, China. Based on a literature review on sustainable development and environmental management, we developed a structured questionnaire to measure respondents' perceptions towards environmental practices. Using responses from 348 professional-level employees in Hong Kong organizations, we employed importance-performance analysis for identifying some improvement opportunities. In addition, we applied exploratory factor analysis to identify the underlying environmental factors based on the importance ratings. Results of the study demonstrated that the performance of environmental practices was strongly associated with perceived importance of environmental practices. As environmental practices, it was found that Hong Kong organizations and employees primarily focused on saving paper and energy resources. However, they are not embracing the concept of green value chain and have yet to engage their suppliers to go green. This paper contributes to identify the key internal and external factors of environmental practices.

The Impact of Digital Technology on the Distribution Value Chain Model of Independent Feature Films in the UK

This article examines how emerging digital technologies have disrupted independent film distribution practice in the United Kingdom. The article uses the value chain concept as the framework to examine changes in audience consumption habits and to explore emerging business practice, as a result of new technology. The article argues that film distribution is shifting from a supply-led to a demand-led market. In this way, independent distributors can now break away from the rigid singular value chain that dominated the industry, and adopt bespoke release strategies that are tailored to the individual needs of each film. This arguably marks the beginning of a fundamental shift in the relationship between key segments in the film value chain by allowing independent distributors to create a more attractive product by conducting their business in response to consumer demands, as opposed to rigid market-driven conditions.

The Influence of Marketing Communication on the Consumer’s Buyer Behavior – A Relationship Marketing Approach

Abstract The purpose of the paper is to identify the nature of the influence of a company’s marketing communication of the actual consumer behaviour. To achieve this purpose, the paper is structures in two parts; firstly, the recent literature regarding relationship marketing paradigm is reviewed and the value chain concept is presented. The second part contains a survey-based research which uses book-store customers as target unit. Sales promotion and advertising are used as input variables in identifying the variation in the client’s buying behaviour. Client behaviour was measured through three variables: monetary value spent by the clients within their last purchasing experience, buying frequency of the clients, and their buying intention.

Lean manufacturing within critical healthcare supply chain: an exploratory study through value chain simulation

Modern goals of supply chain management (SCM) are related to the integration of logistic features with customers and product management, the so called value chain management (VCM). The present work is focused on the implementation of lean principles and value chain concepts into SCM, within a firm supplying power generators for hospitals and humanitarian camps. The aim is to realise a simulation environment to improve firm’s strategies and performance analysis to reduce costs and improve the levels of service and sustainability of the supply chain (SC). In particular, lean manufacturing principles of waste reduction and non-value added activities (NVAA) elimination can be well suited to be implemented by value chain operation reference (VCOR) model. An analysis concerning productivity and product development issues is performed by design of experiments (DOE) techniques, highlighting weakness and strength points in health sector supplying.

On the Applicability of Sustainability Assessment Tools in Manufacturing

The literature on sustainability assessment abounds with different tools, methods, models and frameworks, and the amount of literature on sustainability assessment applied to the field of manufacturing is rapidly growing. This study aims to review the state of the art associated with the latter, synthesising and analysing the applicability of the different approaches with their practical applicability in real-world manufacturing at the heart of the discussion. Based on review of research trends within sustainability assessment, we identified a list of tools addressing three pillars of sustainability which all can be applied on company level. These tools were evaluated from a manufacturing company's point of view, including (1) reliability; (2) manufacturing company's context; (3) time and resources required for assessment; (4) point out problem areas; and (5) point out solutions. Finally, the sustainability assessment framework based on a value chain concept is proposed as a possible solution for handling challenges related to sustainability assessment in manufacturing.

Business Intelligence, Data Mining, and Future Trends

This series has endeavored to direct the thinking and mind-set of radiologists to embrace the ACR’s Imaging 3.0 strategic initiative through the concept of the imaging value chain. This vision was in response to the complex and uncertain changes afoot in health care policy, delivery, and reimbursement. A fundamental tenet of health care reform is the move from a transactional fee-for-service model to one that is value driven and focused on patient outcomes—the “volumeto-value” paradigm. In response, the health care profession has yet to fully understand, grasp, and reengineer its workflow, but Imaging 3.0 serves as a roadmap for radiologists to gear their businesses toward delivering better value. Addressing each link of the value chain, this series has offered radiologists practical ideas and solutions to reengineer their workflow toward the emerging value-based delivery systems. In this final article, we discuss metrics and data necessary to monitor performance in the new outcomeand value-driven domain and outline how such business intelligence can inform strategy, design, and implementation of Imaging 3.0. IT is fundamental to driving this agenda, and the advent of big data and future trends are explored. In the current fee-for-service environment, performance metrics focus mainly on processes and inputs, which are financial (eg, revenue, expenses, days in accounts receivable), productivity-based (eg, examination

The restructuring of tier 1 automotive suppliers in Europe during the crisis

The structuring of the automotive supply chain in tiers, which has progressively taken place over the last 20 years, has brought to the fore especially tier 1 suppliers, tasked with producing the so-called modules or systems, in cooperation and collaboration with a wide network of tier 2 and tier 3 suppliers. The entire automotive supply chain has been deeply affected by the economic crisis, particularly in Europe. The restructuring of the sector has occurred among final assemblers and, to a greater extent, among suppliers. This paper aims to analyse the main changes seen in tier 1 of the supply chain over the last few years, trying to understand key modifications in competition among the different production systems and the role played by companies operating in Europe. Lastly, the purpose of this research is also to contribute, thanks to empirical evidence drawn from an original and extremely detailed database, to the discussion on the main interpretation models based on the concepts of global value chain and supply chain management.

Jak awansować w światowej lidze gospodarczej? Kraje Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej w globalnych łańcuchach wartości

The main objective of the article is to present the characteristics of the contemporary wave of globalization on the basis of the concept of global value chains (GVCs) and to draw on this basis positive and normative implications for the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. In particular, we have outlined the nature of the challenges currently faced by these countries and ref lected on the desirable directions of public policies. Special attention has been given to technological development that enables gaining high value added. Theoretical considerations have been supplemented and supported by empirical arguments in the form of indices of integration of economies in the GVCs, as well as by the conclusions from the economic literature. (original abstract)

Establishing a Value Chain for Human Factors in Nuclear Power Plant Control Room Modernization

Commercial nuclear power plants in the United States (U.S.) have operated reliably and efficiently for decades. With a second 20-year life extension of operation beyond the plant's original operating licenses now being considered by many utilities, there are opportunities to achieve even greater efficiencies, while maintaining high operational reliabilities, through strategic, risk- and economically-informed, upgrades to plant systems and infrastructure. The U.S. Department of Energy's Light Water Reactor Sustainability (LWRS) program supports the commercial nuclear industry's modernization efforts through research and development (R&D) activities across many areas to help establish the technical and economic bases for modernization activities. The Advanced Instrumentation, Information, and Control Systems Technologies pathway is one R&D focus area for the LWRS program, and has researchers at Idaho National Laboratory working with select utility partners to use human factors and instrumentation and controls R&D to help modernize the plant's main control room. However, some in the nuclear industry have not been as enthusiastic about using human factors R&D to inform life extension decision-making. Part of the reason for this may stem from uncertainty decision-makers have regarding how human factors fits into the value chain for nuclear power plant control room modernization. This paper reviews past work that has attempted to demonstrate the value of human factors, and then describes the value chain concept, how it applies to control room modernization, and then makes a case for how and why human factors is an essential link in the modernization value chain.

Network Value Creation through Marketing

Purpose: The article is devoted to critical refl ection on the commonly used value chain model taking the perspective of contemporary role of client and technological advancement in multifaceted organizational development and management. It attempts to outline and thoroughly describe the new perspective of value creation and value management taking into account digital technologies and social media platforms. Methodology: Deductive approach have been implemented, secondary data and sources have been used. Finally, the model of Value chain 2.0 was presented, conceptualized and described from both theoretical and practical sides. Design: The fi rst part of the article is focused on the explanation of present potential of client for any enterprise. The second part attempts to explain the role of virtualization processes, exemplifi ed by social media, semantic web approach or virtual organization in the shift of value creation. Finally, the concept of value chain 2.0 is proposed and discussed. Findings: There is a rapid transformation of value creation where linearity, control and inter organizational resources are gradually being replaced by network value creation where clients’ activities play pivotal role in organization performance and where value is defi ned in much broader way. Practical implications: The conclusions have profound meaning for companies and organizations striving for engagement of clients, partners and employees in value creation processes. The paper presents both theoretical foundations along with practical implications for value co-creation. Originality: The thorough and detailed analysis and interpretation of multifaceted shift and transformation of value creation and value management is presented. The article describes the ways the social media, digital technologies and contemporary marketing infl uence the way organization creates value.

O momento, os desafios e as possibilidades da análise econômica territorial para o planejamento do desenvolvimento nacional

O artigo pretende contribuir para a superação dos desafios relativos à capacidade de análise e de atuação para o desenvolvimento regional e territorial. Para tanto, discute a relação entre conhecimento e planejamento - entre ciência e ação baseada em ciência. Após uma análise dessa relação, no período anterior à prevalência da tese da New Public Management, na qual deverão ser investigadas as condições que levaram ao fracasso das estratégias do planejamento do desenvolvimento no pós-guerra, pergunta-se se se observa, desde então, evolução nas ciências da sociedade que possa oferecer base ao planejamento de um desenvolvimento fundamentado em crescimento, equidade e sustentabilidade. A partir daí, explora-se a possibilidade de as teorias do desenvolvimento endógeno e sustentável (TDES) subsidiarem novos processos de planejamento. Nessa tarefa, o foco principal é posto nas noções de clustering, de trajetórias tecnológicas, de cadeias de valor, de economias locais e regional.

Managing Processes in the REA Framework

ABSTRACT The resources, events, agents (REA) ontology provides rules and guidelines for business process modeling utilizing the value-modeling approach. The core element of this approach is an REA model at the business process level. The REA model is usually governed by an information entity, such as a contract or a schedule. Although the REA model provides all necessary entities and relationships for value modeling, its support for information entity value creation, and its flow to the related process that it will govern, deserves deeper elaboration. The aim of this paper is to examine and propose a solution to information entity value creation within the REA model and its transfer to a related business process in compliance with the REA value chain concept. In order to distinguish standard REA business processes from those in which the information entities are created, these processes are called managing processes.