Pharmacoeconomics is assuming increasing importance in the pharmaceutical field since it is entering the public policy arena in many countries. Among the variants of pharmacoeconomic analysis are cost-minimization, cost-benefit, cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses. The latter is the most versatile and sophisticated in that it integrates the patient benefit (patient value) conferred by a drug in terms of improvement in length and/or quality of life. It also incorporates the costs expended for that benefit, as well as the dollars returned to patients and society from the use of a drug (financial value). Unfortunately, one cost-utility analysis in the literature is generally not comparable to another because of the lack of standardized formats and standardized input variables (costs, cost perspective, quality-of-life measurement instruments, quality-of-life respondents, discounting and so forth). Thus, millions of variants can be used. Value-based medicine® (VBM) cost-utility analysis standardizes these variants so that one VBM analysis is comparable to another. This system provides a highly rational methodology that allows providers and patients to quantify and compare the patient value and financial value gains associated with the use of pharmaceutical agents for example.