Value-added Effects Research Articles

Business Advisory Services and Female Employment in an Extreme Institutional Context

Publicly funded business advisory services face pressure to demonstrate value-added effects among their assisted firms. Our research aims to measure the effectiveness of a business advisory program developed in a developed country and applied in an emerging economy with a male-dominated labor market. We also seek to determine the effects of increased professionalization resulting from advisory services. Comparing the business advisory services of a publicly funded organization with that of a matched sample, we observe an overall positive effect on job creation; however, this employment growth benefits males at the expense of females. We also find a reduction in unpaid family work and an increase in formal, full time employment but again, this professionalization and substitution effect mainly benefits male workers.

内部审计联袂内部控制的经济增值效应研究

内部审计联袂内部控制的经济增值效应研究

Analysis of Current Empirical Studies on Transport Value-Added Effect and Proximate Housing Price Capture

Transport infrastructure is paraphernalia that helps in curtailing urban sprawl in municipal cities and it also lessens traffic overcrowding and air effluence. It equally promotes high-density development in addition to more affordable accommodation all over developed countries. This article reviews and evaluates the range of study outcomes established by the emerging frontier of knowledge delving on the capitalization effects of transport-oriented development on real estate prices. The effect of transport system services on accommodation price has been investigated from numerous viewpoints employing several rigorous statistical tools. Based on the findings of the existing literature, there are two broad kinds of impacts that closeness to a transport system can have on the value of housing accommodations: accessibility benefits (experienced in close proximity to transit services) might increase housing values, while nuisance qualities (experienced in transit-oriented facilities) could equally have a negative outcome on apartment prices. Owing to the contradictory nature of these simultaneous effects, findings from numerous empirical investigations have been opposing or open to debate. The reviewed empirical studies provide policymakers with new-fangled empirical evidence as well as analytical tools to re-examine value capture as a financing option and to transform, modify, improve, reorganize and restructure investment strategies or opportunities for rail transit services. Property development and construction companies may perhaps be able to make a decision on where to erect real estate for profit maximization and sales. Transportation planning and urban development authorities, conversely, might be able to obtain and distribute tax income based on the ease of access benefit and nuisance effects.

Online interventions to promote teacher data-driven decision making: Optimizing design to maximize impact

Although most schools are steeped in data, many teachers have not had adequate opportunities to learn how to analyze, interpret, and instructionally use data. This paper reports on the efficacy of a suite of online, data literacy interventions for in-service (n = 25) and pre-service teachers (n = 99). The paper also tests the impact of including pedagogical knowledge and data interpretational scaffolds in such interventions. Findings from two implementations of the interventions indicate changes in in-service and pre-service teachers’ data-driven decision making self-efficacy (ds ranged from 0.54 to 0.98) and anxiety (ds were −0.62 and −0.71 respectively), and pre-service teachers’ assessment beliefs (ds ranged from 0.23 to 0.62). However, results imply limited value-added effects of scaffolds on the considered outcome variables. Implications for teacher education to support teacher data literacy and data-driven decision making are discussed.

Production and performance of alkali-activated cold-bonded lightweight aggregate in concrete

The research paper presents the strength and transport properties of concrete produced with alkali-activated cold-bonded lightweight aggregate (CLWA). The CLWA was prepared by the process of pelletization and was solidified (curing) by cold bonding method (ambient room temperature). The cold-bonding technique (at ambient temperature) is considered to be the best cost-effective approach to harden the CLWA with very less energy consumption as compared to sintering technique (which requires more than 1000 °C heat). The fly ash (80%) and cement (20%) with alkali activators (NaOH and Na2SiO3) were used to prepare CLWA. The addition of alkali activators in CLWA decreases the water absorption and increases the crushing strength. Moreover, to know the effect of fly ash (FA) on the strength and transport properties of cold-bonded lightweight aggregate concrete (CLWAC), the sand was partially replaced with the FA and their results were compared with normal weight concrete (NWC) of equal composition. Experiments were conducted on concrete to study the compressive strength, water sorptivity, chloride ion permeability and water permeability. The NWC exhibited better strength than CLWAC due to higher open porosity and lesser strength of CLWA. The scanning electron microscopy images presented the pore structure of CLWA and concrete. The remarkable improvement in strength and transport properties of concrete was observed (CLWAC & NWC) due to an addition of FA as a partial substitution of the sand. This value-added effect can encourage high volume utilization of FA in concrete.

The Efficiency Analysis of National R&D Planning for the Field of Precision Medicine in Korea

Precision medicine has received a lot of attention in recent years and we have not yet found any research cases that apply Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to investment decision making in this area. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relative efficiency of candidate technology sectors in order to determine priorities for government investment in precision medicine. The results of the efficiency analysis can be used as an important reference for government policy makers to determine the amount of government investment in the next year for each candidate technology sector. The candidate technology for government investment in precision medicine was decided for 23 sectors based on the data analysis and the opinions of expert committees. This study applies the input-oriented DEA in regard to 23 technology sectors, which is widely used to analyze relative efficiency in terms of inputs versus outputs and to enhance efficiency through the propositional reduction of inputs. The input variables include the government’s research and development (R&D) investment and forward and backward industry linkage effects. The output variables are the employment creation effect, value-added effect, number of Korean patents, and number of Korean papers. Our analysis results show that the 23 technology sectors in precision medicine overall have a high efficiency, with the exception of the biobank technology sector. Therefore, since the Biobank technology sector has strong infrastructure characteristics, it seems to require continuous investment. The efficiency of DEA is high in most precision medicine sectors; therefore, overall, investing in these technologies is expected to yield good benefits.

Effects of Exchange Rate on Value-Added International Trade

In this study, value-added perspective focuses on the role of exports within a bilateral trading partner in the process of global value chains with vertical specialization, which is one of the various innovations in the world economy. Theoretically, we determine a proper model to connect both the value-added exports (Hummels et al. 1999; Johnson & Noguera 2012; Koopman et al. 2010; Koopman and Wei 2014; UNCTAD 2013) and the changes in value-added exchange rates (Bems & Johnson 2012, 2015; Patel et al. 2014; Yang et al. 2014). Then, based on their relationships, we investigate the value-added effects of exchange rate changes on international trade. Empirically, we adopt the calculating methods of using the value-added trade statistics (TiVA) developed by OECD-WTO. In particular, proper time series econometric models are tested for the United States of America and South Korea. We find that increase in foreign income increases the value-added exports, and increase in domestic income increases the value-added imports, but that currency appreciation decreases the value-added exports in Korea while currency appreciation increases the value-added exports in the US. We would judge that the export competitiveness relies on the currency devaluation in Korea but the domestic industry/economic growth in the US. Also, the value-added exports to gross exports are higher in Korea than the ones in the US as using more the global value chains. This will contribute to mitigate the global imbalances and exchange rate conflicts.

Bibliometric-enhanced Information Retrieval

Bibliometric techniques are not yet widely used to enhance retrieval processes in digital libraries, although they offer value-added effects for users. In this workshop we will explore how statistical modelling of scholarship, such as Bradfordizing or network analysis of coauthorship network, can improve retrieval services for specific communities, as well as for large, cross-domain collections. This workshop aims to raise awareness of the missing link between information retrieval (IR) and bibliometrics/scientometrics and to create a common ground for the incorporation of bibliometric-enhanced services into retrieval at the digital library interface.

Eight lessons of CATCH® Curricula for Hispanic/Latino and Non-Hispanic/Latino Students in Nebraska

Viewers will learn about the value-added effects of eight nutrition lessons taken from the CATCH® curriculum on 4-H Common Measures outcomes in 5th and 6th grade Hispanic/Latino and non-Hispanic/Latino students in Nebraska.

Strategic Management Accounting Research of Insurance Companies under the Internet Background

With the development of information technology, public financial management reform deepening, accounting focus Universities facing the management accounting change, the financial sector as a core sector universities, data centers will become a big school and participate in school management, decision-making, analysis and forecasting. We analyzed the development of university management accounting brings opportunities and challenges, and puts forward some countermeasures. The arrival of the era of big data, data important asset cause rapid Insurance sector is concerned. This paper describes the development of the insurance status of the Internet, combined with the opportunities and challenges facing the era of big data Insurance is proposed under the era of big data Insurance Development Strategy in order to provide reference for the healthy and rapid development of the insurance. For the Internet +, Big Data applications in other industries to produce value-added effect polymerization, and the lack of coal mine large data mining the potential value of the use of problems in the research of coal mine production safety monitoring enterprise warning, large-scale mining and material handling equipment safety standard remote control of the whole life cycle, coal mining enterprises at all levels of production safety data sharing cloud services platform, cross-dimensional aspects of supply and demand and price forecasting perspective platform for big data application mode analysis, data mining by large technical team unified programming model and set standards in the interface protocol, security co-ordination and so do the pre-proposals. He pointed out that Internet +, the comprehensive application of big data will become an important means and ways to improve mine safety and production, to achieve lower costs, increase efficiency role.

Serious Game Leverages Productive Negativity to Facilitate Conceptual Change in Undergraduate Molecular Biology

We designed a serious game, MolWorlds, to facilitate conceptual change about molecular emergence by using game mechanics (resource management, immersed 3rd person character, sequential level progression, and 3-star scoring system) to encourage cycles of productive negativity. We tested the value-added effect of game design by comparing and correlating pre- and post-test misconceptions, interaction statistics, and engagement in the game with an interactive simulation that used the same graphics and simulation system but lacked gaming elements. We tested first-, second-, and third-year biology students' misconceptions at the beginning and end of the semester (n = 526), a subset of whom played either the game (n = 20) or control (n = 20) for 30 minutes prior to the post-test. A 3x3 mixed model ANOVA revealed that, while educational level (first-, second-, or third-year biology) did not influence misconceptions from pre-test to post-test, the intervention type (no intervention, simulation, or game) did (p<.001). Pairwise comparisons showed that participants exposed to the interactive simulation (p = .007), as well as those exposed to the game (p<.001), lost significantly more misconceptions in comparison to those who did not receive any intervention, while adjusting for educational level. A trending difference was found between the simulation group and the gaming group (p = .084), with the gaming group resolving more misconceptions. Quantitative analysis of click-stream data revealed the greater exploratory freedom of the control simulation, with greater accessibility to individuals who do not play games on a regular basis. However, qualitative analysis of gameplay data showed that MolWorlds-players experienced significantly more instances of productive negativity than control-users (p<.001) and that a trending relationship exists between the quality of productively negative events and lower post-test misconceptions (p = .066).

More Than Content: The Persistent Cross-Subject Effects of English Language Arts Teachers’ Instruction

Evidence that teachers’ short-term instructional effects persist over time and predict substantial long-run impacts on students’ lives provides much of the impetus for a wide range of educational reforms focused on identifying and responding to differences in teachers’ value-added to student learning. However, relatively little research has examined how the particular types of knowledge or skills that teachers impart to students contribute to their longer-term success. In this article, we investigate the persistence of teachers’ value-added effects on student learning over multiple school years and across subject areas. We find that, in comparison with math teachers, English language arts (ELA) teachers’ impacts on same-subject standardized achievement scores are smaller in the year of instruction, but that teacher-induced gains to ELA achievement appear to reflect more broadly applicable skills that persist in supporting student learning in the long run across disciplines. Our results highlight important variation in the quality of teacher-induced learning for long-run success, distinct from the variation across teachers in more typically measured short-term learning effects.

Establishing a parsimonious model through comparing impact of key student and school factors on secondary school value-added effects

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to establish and compare multilevel models that significantly predict school effects on adding value to their students regarding English reading from Secondary One to Secondary Six. Design/methodology/approach – The data were collected from 3,993 students within 66 schools in 2006 by the Educational Bureau of Hong Kong. Findings – When entering Secondary One, the students’ English reading ability was tested then again at Secondary Six. A range of value-added models were fitted to the data. The comparison across these models suggests that student individual scores at intake are the most powerful indicators of value-added. The intake aptitude test scores, aggregated to school level, and gender made no significant difference. At the individual level, student band was the significant predictor. School level effects were largely non-significant. Specific findings on value-added across the schools are visualized as evidence of the parsimony of the selected model. Research limitations/implications – Secondary data such as this while collected at one point in time nevertheless can still shed light on current policies and practices. It is particularly the case considering that the value-added effects system is still working in Hong Kong over decades but less examined academically. Originality/value – This study has produced some insights for stakeholders to identify influences on the value-added patterns.

P-233 YI The Association Between 2 Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) Measures for Use in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)

Over the last decades, clinicians have aimed to design non-invasive, clinically useful instruments, to accurately measure and monitor disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). To-date, multiple indices exist, some of which have been validated. In fact, researchers have been moving away from the Crohn's Disease Activity Index more towards patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and objective measures of disease, such as findings from endoscopy. PROs can be assessed for example by the SIBDQ, the short form of the IBDQ, a quality of life measure. It correlates well with disease activity indices. A lesser known tool for symptom assessment is the Dudley IBD Symptom Questionnaire (DISQ), a brief questionnaire which asks the patient to grade the severity of fifteen common symptoms on a 5 point scale. The DISQ is fast to complete without physicians input and was designed in 1994 for point-of-care symptom monitoring in both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients. The DISQ is known to correlate well with the CDAI and has recently been validated for monitoring bowel symptoms in patients with spondyloarthropathies. The aim of this prospective study was therefore to evaluate the correlation between the DISQ and the SIBDQ, in patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, as part of a larger project, entitled ALIVE: Adherence and Long-term IBD Value-added Effectiveness. For this prospective observational assessment, patients with a confirmed diagnosis of either Crohn's Disease or ulcerative colitis were recruited consecutively from the outpatient IBD clinic at a large Mid-Atlantic Tertiary referral center. Following consent, the patients were given the relevant questionnaires for completion- the SIBDQ and DISQ. The DISQ lists 15 IBD symptoms which the patients rate the severity of, from 1 (not present) to 5 (most severe). The SIBDQ consists of 10 questions that ask patients to rate how bothersome symptoms are, as a result of their IBD, from 1 (all of the time) to 7 (no trouble). The DISQ range is 15 to 75, whereby a lower score indicates better symptom control, and the SIBDQ range is 10 to 70, where higher scores indicate better symptom control. Data were analysed using SPSS v 17.0. A Spearman's rho correlation coefficient was used for the analysis. To date, a total of 78 subjects have enrolled, and are included in this analysis. The population is mostly young (mean age of 39), females (68%) with equal numbers of subjects with Crohn's and ulcerative colitis. The average SIBDQ score is 45.8, with an average DISQ of score of 26. A spearman rho correlation between the DISQ and SIBDQ scores was found to be −0.292, P = 0.005. The association between the 2 PRO measures, the DISQ and SIBDQ, was found to be a moderate negative association. The negative association was predicted as one instrument a low score reflects fewer symptoms (DISQ), whereas on the other instrument a high score reflects fewer symptoms. Both instruments are quick and simple point-of-care instruments to assess severity of symptoms by the patient. Further testing of both instruments is warranted.

P-065 Adherence and Long-Term IBD Value-Added Effectiveness (ALIVE)

Background:Current inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) care in our large University Hospital IBD Center does not utilize an integrated Medication Therapy Management (MTM) platform which limits our ability to track and fully understand patient outcomes including but not limited to Adverse Drug Events (A

Economic and Pre-Economic Impact of Academic Medicine Frankfurt Am Main, Germany

The current intense political and public debate about the financing system for academic medicine in Germany lacks one major argument concerning the output of university hospitals and medical faculties. The following research project presents an economic discussion about the benefits of Academic Medicine Frankfurt am Main by determining the value-added, employment and tax effects for public authorities in addition to the pre-economic effects in 10 identified performance areas, with three core areas: teaching, patient care and research.

Genotype-phenotype correlation in a cohort of Portuguese patients comprising the entire spectrum of VWD types: impact of NGS.

The diagnosis of von Willebrand disease (VWD), the most common inherited bleeding disorder, is characterised by a variable bleeding tendency and heterogeneous laboratory phenotype. The sequencing of the entire VWF coding region has not yet become a routine practice in diagnostic laboratories owing to its high costs. Nevertheless, next-generation sequencing (NGS) has emerged as an alternative to overcome this limitation. We aimed to determine the correlation of genotype and phenotype in 92 Portuguese individuals from 60 unrelated families with VWD; therefore, we directly sequenced VWF. We compared the classical Sanger sequencing approach and NGS to assess the value-added effect on the analysis of the mutation distribution in different types of VWD. Sixty-two different VWF mutations were identified, 27 of which had not been previously described. NGS detected 26 additional mutations, contributing to a broad overview of the mutant alleles present in each VWD type. Twenty-nine probands (48.3 %) had two or more mutations; in addition, mutations with pleiotropic effects were detected, and NGS allowed an appropriate classification for seven of them. Furthermore, the differential diagnosis between VWD 2B and platelet type VWD (n = 1), Bernard-Soulier syndrome and VWD 2B (n = 1), and mild haemophilia A and VWD 2N (n = 2) was possible. NGS provided an efficient laboratory workflow for analysing VWF. These findings in our cohort of Portuguese patients support the proposal that improving VWD diagnosis strategies will enhance clinical and laboratory approaches, allowing to establish the most appropriate treatment for each patient.

Adherence and Long-Term IBD Value-Added Effectiveness (A.L.I.V.E.): Effectiveness of a Patient Fulfillment Model in a Large Academic Medical Center IBD Clinic

Introduction: Current inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) care in our large University Hospital IBD Center does not utilize an integrated Medication Therapy Management (MTM) platform which limits our ability to track and fully understand patient outcomes including but not limited to Adverse Drug Events (ADE's), hospital readmissions and long-term adherence rates. The goal of this study is to implement and evaluate the effectiveness of an IBD MTM patient fulfillment model compared to standard care in a large University Hospital Outpatient Setting.Table 1: A.L.I.V.E. Study Population DemographicsFigure 1Methods: Adult subjects, 18 years and older, diagnosed with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) and receiving IBD therapy were eligible for participation in the study (excluded were subjects on infliximab). Subjects were randomized to one of 3 groups during enrollment between April and September 2015. The intervention arm will include 100 subjects, and both control arm 1 and control arm 2 will include 50 subjects each. The intervention arm will receive standard of care treatment, fulfillment of medications and enhanced MTM by an innovative medication management organization. Control arm 1 will receive standard of care treatment and fulfillment of medications by an innovative medication management organization. Control arm 2 will receive standard of care treatment only. This study will evaluate 12 months of treatment with an opt-in for an additional two years. The following outcomes will be measured: quality of life of subjects measured and assessed by the SIBDQ, symptomology of subjects measured and assessed by the DISQ, IBD therapy adherence rates, hospital readmissions, ADE's associated with IBD treatment, and smoking rates. Descriptive analysis will be used and data will be reported as mean and standard deviation. Results: As this study is ongoing, we will present demographic findings as well as any noted trends. To date, 31 subjects have been enrolled in the study: 17 in the treatment arm, 8 in control arm 1, and 6 in control arm 2. The population was young and mostly female, with mean age of 39.3 years. Twenty-two subjects (71%) are receiving biologic therapy. Mean baseline DISQ and SIBDQ scores were 25.7 and 54.2, respectively. Final enrollment results will be available in September 2015. Conclusion: Although we were able to enroll 31 subjects for evaluation in our study, we discovered health insurance restrictions to select specialty pharmacies made it difficult to fully evaluate adherence to those therapies.

The distribution and mobility of effective teachers: Evidence from a large, urban school district

Using 7 years of student achievement data from a large urban school district in the south, this study examines the sorting of teachers’ value-added effectiveness estimates by student demographics and considers factors that may contribute to such sorting. We find that students in schools in the highest quartile of minority enrollments have teachers with value-added estimates that are about 0.11 of a student-level standard deviation lower than their peers in schools in the lowest minority quartile. However, neither teacher mobility patterns nor between-school differences in teacher qualifications seems responsible for this sorting. Though the highest minority schools face higher teacher turnover, they do not disproportionately lose their highest value-added teachers, nor are teachers with high value-added systematically migrating to lower-minority schools. Instead, teachers in the highest minority schools have lower value-added on average, regardless of experience. We find suggestive but inconclusive evidence that teachers’ improvement rates differ by minority-enrollment quartile.

Do Catholic and Independent schools “add-value” to students’ Tertiary Entrance Performance? Evidence from longitudinal population data

In this article, school sector differences in tertiary entrance performance were examined using longitudinal data from the state of Victoria in Australia for 2011. Analysis of students’ Tertiary Entrance Aggregate, from which the Australian Tertiary Admission Rank is derived, revealed non-trivial effect sizes of sector on performance. Results showed that students in Catholic and Independent schools performed at 0.24 and 0.38 standard deviations higher than their peers in the government sector once socioeconomic status, Year 9 performance in the National Assessments of Performance—Literacy and Numeracy, gender and language background had been controlled for. In other words, the results demonstrate “value-added effects” for the Catholic and Independent school sectors. Quantile regression showed that Independent-government school sector differences decline (moderately) with higher Tertiary Entrance Aggregate scores. For the Australian Tertiary Admission Rank, Catholic and Independent school students averaged 6 and 8 ranks higher than government school students, respectively, net of the same set of predictors. First-differences and fixed-effects models—which control for all stable (including unobserved) differences between students—estimated increments of 4.5 and 6.0 Australian Tertiary Admission Ranks, for the Catholic and Independent school sectors compared with the government sector.