Analysis Of Value Research Articles

Spatial Performance Approach to Machine Learning Algorithms: A GIS‐Based Comparison Analysis for Real Estate Valuation

ABSTRACTMachine learning algorithms are frequently used in mass valuation activities today. These algorithms are believed to perform differently depending on various factors such as different functions, model parameters, data quantity, and quality. Another factor that is often overlooked is location. In this study, the performance of a set of machine learning algorithms in predicting real estate values was evaluated from a spatial perspective. To highlight the spatial performance of the algorithms, a study area was chosen where the factors affecting value are spatially heterogeneous. Value predictions were made using Linear Regression, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, Regression Trees, Gaussian Process Regression, Artificial Neural Network, and Least‐Squares Boosting algorithms. Bayesian Optimization was used to improve the performance of the algorithms. The performances of the algorithms were compared using R2, RMSE, MSE, MAPE, and MAE metrics. The Random Forest model showed the best performance according to these metrics. Spatial predictions were made in the GIS environment using the IDW spatial interpolation method based on test data. The spatial distribution of the predictions and actual housing values were shown by producing maps. The spatial distribution of the algorithms was compared both with the actual values and with each other. It was found that, aside from the Random Forest model, other models also performed quite well in some locations and even produced better results than the Random Forest model. This demonstrates that location affects the performance of ML algorithms and that performance may vary depending on location. This study is expected to contribute to many fields of science where ML algorithms are used, especially in real estate valuation, and to bring a new perspective to the literature.

Valuation Analysis and Future Trend Outlook of Entertainment & Media Industry Based on DCF Model

As the epidemic's impact on the economy decreases, various industries gradually get on the right track. The rapid development of the entertainment & media industry is also gradually slowing down, and major platforms are also facing the problem of how to overcome the high cost of content creation. Therefore, investors have gradually blurred the valuation accuracy of companies in the industry and have been unable to make accurate decisions. In this paper, Netflix is taken as an example to use the DCF model for valuation to compare the reasons for data differences and use the CAPM model to calculate WACC and try to calculate reasonable capital expenditure. At the same time, qualitative research and macro-economic perspective are used to analyze the reasons for the differences in various terminal values, such as model defects, fierce industry competition, and ESG ranking changes. This reflects the complexity and particularity of the valuation of enterprises in the cultural media industry.

Evaluation, Calibration, and Application of Probabilistic 100-m Wind Speed Forecasts Produced by the WRF Ensemble Prediction System in Taiwan

Abstract The use of renewable energy is on the rise; however, it brings more challenges for grid operations and unit scheduling due to the intermittent nature and limitations in predicting renewable power generation. High-quality meteorological forecasts play a critical role in the effective application and management of renewable energy resources. This study evaluates the quality and economic benefits of probabilistic forecasts for 100-m wind speeds from the Weather Research and Forecasting Model ensemble prediction system (WEPS). A multiple linear regression (MLR) method for calibration is also used to improve forecast quality. Additionally, this study explores the application of probabilistic hub-height wind speed forecasts in conjunction with an economic value analysis to determine whether wind turbines should be shut down during typhoon periods. The findings reveal that the forecast in the central offshore region of Taiwan exhibits the highest reliability and discrimination ability compared to those in the northern and southern regions. Additionally, employing the MLR calibration method significantly improved the reliability and discrimination ability of the probabilistic forecasts compared to the raw forecasts. Furthermore, during the typhoon seasons, almost all users, regardless of their cost–loss ratio, can benefit from basing their decisions on WEPS forecasts compared to using a single deterministic forecast. Importantly, decision-makers can benefit more from probabilistic forecasts than the ensemble mean forecasts when both are derived from the same ensemble prediction system, since the former incorporates forecast uncertainty. Significance Statement High-quality meteorological forecasts significantly influence the efficient utilization and management of renewable energy resources. Therefore, this study uses a simple yet effective approach to correct systematic bias in probabilistic wind speed forecasts over Taiwan, aiming to provide decision-makers with more reliable forecasts for hub-height wind speeds. Given that strong winds during typhoon periods pose safety concerns for wind turbine operation, we use an economic value analysis to assist turbine operators in deciding whether to shut down wind turbines. Furthermore, our research demonstrates that ensemble probabilistic forecasts can yield greater economic benefits for decision-makers when compared to the commonly used ensemble mean forecasts.

Analysis of the Investment Value of Technology Companies

Since 2022, the US technology industry has been in crisis of recession. Under the influence of the sluggish macroeconomic environment and the Federal Reserve's interest rate hike policy, the exchange rate of the US dollar continues to rise. This has had a huge impact on the US real industry, as companies have to reduce staff . In addition, the application of artificial intelligence has driven a reshuffle in the US technology industry. Amid this situation, the stock prices of U.S. technology companies have been volatile. This study aims to build a feasible investment value analysis model for investors by combining the trend analysis of macroeconomic environment and industry environment with the analysis of public financial data, taking three technology enterprises as examples. Through the research, it can be seen that analyzing the financial data and open market information of enterprises can effectively quantify the short-term performance and investment value of enterprises, and the long-term value of enterprises can be obtained by combining macro analysis and valuation model. The research method in this paper can effectively help investors to conduct valuation analysis when the stock price of enterprises fluctuates, which can be improved in the future by combining statistical data.

Does leverage create or destroy value in the long run? A re-examination of Nissim and Penman (2001)

Purpose: This paper explores the crucial role of financial statement analysis for equity valuation, reaffirming and extending Nissim and Penman's seminal find-ings (2001). Design and methodology: We use a worldwide dataset comprising 82,481 obser-vations across 33 countries from 2005 to 2022 to provide updated benchmarks to Nissim and Penman's (2001) findings and facilitate forecasting and valuation. Our methodology involves both cross-sectional and time-series analyses. The cross-sectional analysis aggregates financial ratios over all firms and years, while the time-series analysis tracks the median values of portfolios over successive five-year periods. Findings: Our analyses reveal that value creation and growth dynamics are intri-cately linked, with performance metrics significantly influenced by operating and Financial Leverage. The median Return On Common Equity (ROCE) and Return on Net Operating Assets (RNOA), spread, and net borrowing costs collectively indi-cate a generally positive leverage effect on firm returns. Additionally, our findings demonstrate the importance of differentiating between operating and financing assets and liabilities when assessing Financial Leverage. Contribution: Overall, the findings contribute valuable insights for managers and academics. They offer a deeper understanding of how leverage affects firm per-formance, which can inform strategic decision-making to enhance value creation. This paper extends the empirical foundation for equity valuation and financial forecasting, providing relevant benchmarks for financial analysis.

Market Valuation Analysis of Selected Companies in the Healthcare Industry

The COVID-19 pandemic was characterized as a global phenomenon by the WHO in March 2020. The pandemic had significant effects, short and long-term impacts on healthcare companies and the healthcare industry. Hence, healthcare companies should analyze their financial performance to sustain themselves in this critical period. For that reason, this paper aims to comprehend how selected companies in the healthcare industry utilize all the components in a company’s financial statement to achieve outstanding company performance. Our analysis used market valuation ratios such as earnings per share (EPS) and book value per share (BVPS). To strengthen our analysis, we determine the strengths and weaknesses to assess the healthcare companies’ position in the market. Thus, we will recommend strategies that will aid the company in better performance in the future.

Decoding Stock Price Movements: How Net Profit Margin and Debt-to-Equity Ratio Drive Value, with Earnings per Share as the Game-Changer

This research investigates the relationships between Net Profit Margin (NPM), Debt-to-Equity Ratio (DER), Earnings per Share (EPS), and stock prices within the context of the Indonesian stock market. Utilizing a quantitative analysis approach, the study employs panel data regression to assess the statistical significance of these financial metrics on stock valuations. The findings reveal that NPM has a meaningful and statistically significant positive impact on stock prices, indicating that higher profit margins are associated with increased investor confidence and market valuation. Conversely, the results show that DER does not significantly influence stock prices, suggesting that investors may perceive high debt levels as a risk that diminishes stock value. Furthermore, the study finds that EPS does not moderate the relationship between NPM and stock prices, nor does it strengthen the effect of DER on stock valuations. These conclusions contribute to understanding financial determinants in stock price movements, emphasizing the importance of profit margins while highlighting the limited role of leverage and earnings per share in this context. The research provides recommendations for investors and corporate managers and suggests avenues for future studies, including broader geographic comparisons and integrating qualitative factors into stock valuation analysis.

Beyond aquifer boundaries: unveiling the multi-dimensional value of groundwater management in Jeju, Korea

ABSTRACT This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of groundwater valuation in Jeju Island, Korea, which relies heavily on groundwater resources. The research addresses the limitations of conventional valuation methodologies that often undervalue groundwater management and ignore spatial heterogeneity. We employ three non-market valuation aggregation methods: local benefit, national benefit, and a combined heterogeneous benefit approach. The heterogeneous benefit approach divides the population into groups based on their distinct groundwater valuations and then consolidates their willingness to pay. Using a contingent valuation method, we analyze survey data from 542 respondents in Jeju and 1,000 respondents nationwide to capture the comprehensive value of improving groundwater quality, considering both local and non-local dependencies. Results show that national benefits exceed local benefits by a factor of 21.4, and this disparity increases to 21.6 when spatial heterogeneity is included. These findings highlight a significant underestimation in previous studies focusing solely on local beneficiaries. Our approach enhances understanding of the varied values attributed to groundwater by different populations, providing crucial insights for sustainable water resource management

Assessing environmental liabilities of mining in Northern Australia: A case study of the McArthur River Mine

Assessing environmental liabilities of mining in Northern Australia: A case study of the McArthur River Mine

Research on the Investment Value of BYD Based on SWOT, Financial, and Valuation Methods

Against the backdrop of environmental degradation, green energy transformation is a strategic measure to address climate change and promote green development. The new energy vehicle industry is experiencing an unprecedented period of rapid growth. As a leading player in this sector, BYD's development is virtually representative of the Chinese new energy vehicle industry. SWOT analysis, financial analysis, and valuation analysis are crucial criteria for assessing the development status of a company. Through the analysis of profitability, operational capability, and P/E ratio data, the development status, operational capability, market competitiveness, and growth potential of a company can be directly reflected. The results show vertical integration of supply chain and cost advantage is the main strength of BYD, however it has the weakness of excessive dependence on Chinese government subsidies. From the perspective of financial performance, it has great profitability and its operating capacity situation is good. Moreover, the valuation shows it is worth for investment. This provides decision-makers with information and suggestions on enterprise management, investment, and financing, helping investors and managers make rational decisions.

A Financial Analysis and Valuation of Netflix

As the streaming competition has intensified in recent years, Netflix has maintained its highest subscriber base since its inception, and research has shown that Netflix's success has had a significant impact on investors making the right investment decisions. This paper examines why Netflix, a streaming platform, outperforms its competitors. Choose Comcast; the other four most prominent companies in the entertainment industry, Walt Disney, Paramount Global, and WBD, perform a comparative analysis of financial data on liquidity, solvency, and profitability. The conclusion is that Netflix has plenty of liquidity, significant even available funds, robust debt management, and excellent profitability. Based on valuation analysis, it can be seen that Netflix has managed both its _A and financial performance well and has a range of operational strategies. However, considering the unknown market changes (such as stronger competitors and a possible slowdown in its user growth), its stock price is considered to be overvalued when taking all factors into account.

A Financial Analysis and Valuation of Shell

In todays era of global energy transition, the strategic choices made by energy giants like Shell carry immense significance, shaping not only their own future blueprint but also profoundly influencing the overall energy sectors trends. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of Shell plc with liquidity, solvency, profitability, and valuation analysis of 2023 with its main competitors in the oil and gas industry. Despite facing challenges from fluctuating commodity prices and regulatory changes, Shell maintains a competitive advantage and favorable market position. The company demonstrates robust financial health, with strong liquidity, solvency, and profitability ratios compared to industry peers. Nevertheless, the analysis reveals the companys profitability ratios lag behind competitors, indicating room for improvement. Although facing uncertainties in future commodity prices and regulatory environments, the analysis highlights Shells commitment to balancing environmental goals with shareholder value, as evidenced by its energy transition strategy. Shells stock is still fairly valued according to the analysis, presenting a compelling investment opportunity with its well-constructed financial framework. Overall, Shells strategic plans and adjustments aim to ensure resilience and adaptability, promising investors sustainable development amidst evolving market dynamics.

Analysis of Earnings Quality and Enterprise Valuation of Microsoft by Earnings Quality and Residual Income Model

Artificial intelligence has had a remarkable influence in recent years and has developed many revolutionary solutions in many industries. OpenAI’s ChatGPT is one of the most popular products in this trend. As the largest stockholder of OpenAI, Microsoft has committed itself to integrating artificial intelligence into its primary products, like Microsoft Office and Azure. Although Microsoft experienced a continuous slump in stock in 2022, Microsoft’s current stock price has broken through $400 per share. This paper aims to conduct a financial analysis and forecast Microsoft’s future growth to figure out Microsoft’s intrinsic value. This article uses earnings quality analysis and residual income model to evaluate Microsoft’s financial performance and conduct valuation. Microsoft’s Cash Conversion Cycle has become negative since 2021, so Microsoft can reinvest the cash it receives from sales before using it to pay suppliers. The present value of the continuing value in the Residual Income Model indicates that Microsoft is undervalued compared to the current stock price. Economic conditions and the global supply chain will also influence investors’ expectations, except for quantitative factors. Therefore, Microsoft's stock price fluctuates and does not exceed the forecasted price. This article offers some insights on Microsoft and relevant industry valuation analysis.

NON-TIMBER FOREST AS AN ALTERNATIVE ECONOMIC SURVIVAL FOR INDIGENOUS COMMUNITY IN TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA: A CASE STUDY OF RATTAN

Rattan holds significant prominence as a non-timber forest product, primarily distributed and extensively traded within the Southeast Asian region. This research aims to examine the role of rattan as non-timber forest products (NTFPs) and to explore the significant economic value of rattan, in providing economic sustenance for the Orang Asli communities. The study is a case study with a mix method approach where 95 Orang Asli respondents from Kampung Sungai Berua, Hulu Terengganu, Malaysia participated. The collected data was analyzed by economic value analysis. The study found that the economic value of rattan is RM34224 per year where the highest monthly income earned by the Orang Asli is RM600 and the lowest is RM70 for each type of rattans. The Orang Asli community rely on rattan for a variety of purposes, which include selling them as raw materials, or personal use for craftsmanship, cultural practices, and the production of tools and equipment. As such, this study emphasizes the necessity of striking a balance between economic, ecological, and cultural considerations in harnessing the potential of rattan and other NTFPs to support the livelihoods and cultural heritage of Orang Asli communities.

Research on the Investment Value of BYD based on Financial Analysis and Valuation Analysis

With the promotion of China's dual-carbon strategic policy and the development of the new energy automobile industry in recent years, the new energy automobile industry has been widely concerned by the academic community and the industry, especially the fluctuation of BYD's stock price has also been widely discussed. This paper uses financial analysis and valuation analysis to study the investment value of BYD. The research results show that in terms of finance, BYD's profitability and operating capacity have shown a good upward trend, but BYD's liquidity and solvency have shown a downward trend year by year. In terms of valuation, by comparing BYD's EPS and P/E ratio with Tesla, it is found that BYD has more long-term investment value than Tesla. The research in this paper provides guidance for investors to make investment decisions, and contributes support and foundation for the future advancement of BYD and the entirety of the new energy vehicle industry.

The research on the Investment Memorandum based on SWOT, Financial and Valuation Methods: Case of TSMC

In recent years, with the advent of technology such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, autonomous vehicles, and 5G communications, the demand for high-performance semiconductors has been increasing steadily. TSMC is the world's largest dedicated independent semiconductor foundry, however, its future investment value requires further investigation. Therefore, this paper will focus on analyzing TSMC from three perspectives: SWOT analysis, valuation analysis, and financial analysis, to discuss its strengths and weaknesses. The findings of this paper indicate that TSMC's main advantages are leading technology, economies of scale, and a broad customer base, while its disadvantages are mainly reflected in the risks brought about by geopolitics. At the same time, compared to other enterprises in the information technology industry, TSMC's valuation is relatively balanced and has high growth potential. At the same time, TSMC's financial situation is very stable and shows a trend of growth, with relatively small financial risks. The research results of this article help investors to have a more comprehensive understanding of the development status and investment value of TSMC, provide certain reference for investment decision-making, and also provide a certain reference basis for TSMC to better develop itself and recognize its own shortcomings.

Valuation Analysis of the Medical Beauty Industry Based on DCF Valuation

Contemporarily, with the development of China people who live in China have increase income. People have more attention of their appearance and the pursuit of quality of life is getting higher and higher, that the medical beauty Industry develop rapidly. The companies develop vigorously because consumers demand continues to increase nowadays that many companies in the medical beauty industry have investment value. However, some scholars query that why the company in the medical beauty Industry have such high valuation. Therefore, this study examines the leading enterprise in the medical beauty Industry called Aimeike, by means of collect and sort out the relevant data of Aimeike, used the discounted future cash flow model to analyze the valuation about Aimeike, on this account reflects whether the overall valuation of the medical beauty industry is on the high side. In order to provide investors some investment orientation and this study will offer some examines for the companies in medical beauty industry. During the research, there are high valuations in the medical beauty industry.

Chinese Relational Sociology: An Analysis of the Theoretical Paradigm of Guanxi Studies in the Chinese Context

The concept of Guanxi refers to social ties that are empowered by cultural specificity in Chinese societies, with its purpose of motivating and utilizing embedded resources in networking structure and practices under the principles of Confucius regulation and norms set by actors. In this paper, the author comprehensively analyzes theoretical and empirical contributions to guanxi studies in the Chinese context, initiating further directions for its development. Currently, guanxi studies are dominated by the main paradigm of network analysis, while the cultural elements of its connotation are interpreted via anthropological perspectives. This paper argues a “relational turn” led by Mustafa Emirbayer, Harrison White, and Jan Fuhse that contributes to the interactive analysis of cultural and economic values in Relational Sociology (RS), which leads to a more sophisticated interpretation. Such perspective of theoretical approach, argues (1) the combination of localized and universal framework of theories in interpersonal communications, (2) moderation and inter-correlation in debates between constructivist and structuralist perspectives, and (3) interaction between economic and cultural elements.

Sustainable innovation: Economic valuation of wood waste for sustainable development at PT Wapoga Mutiara Industries

Background: This study describes the economic valuation of wood waste at PT Wapoga Mutiara Industries using the Market Price Approach to calculate the Total Economic Value (TEV) derived from utilising production waste. This research uses qualitative methods to explore how processed wood waste contributes economically to the company and the local community. Wood waste in industrial processes is often an underutilised asset. However, at PT Wapoga Mutiara Industries, innovative practices have turned this by-product into a significant economic opportunity. Method: This research investigated the direct use value of wood waste - mainly wood chips and sawdust - converted into local charcoal products, a resource increasingly recognized for its environmental and economic benefits. The research assessed the monthly economic impact of these waste products, measuring their market value to quantify the total benefits accruing to the local economy. Findings: The findings from this study are considerable, showing that wood chips alone contribute IDR 42,300,000 to the economy each month. Sawdust was processed in the same way, adding IDR 72,860,000 per month. Combined, these waste materials contribute a total direct use value of IDR 166,160,000 per month to the local economy, which on average provides a potential income of IDR 1,350,700 per person per month, suggesting there is significant economic potential from sustainable wood waste management practices. Conclusion: In addition, the study provides insight into the broader implications of such valuation practices, demonstrating that with the right innovations, what is often considered industrial waste can be re-evaluated as a viable economic resource. This aligns with the global shift towards more sustainable industrial processes, where waste minimisation and reuse contribute to environmental sustainability, economic resilience, and community well-being. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the economic valuation of wood waste in the processing industry, demonstrating the significant potential of innovative waste management practices. This research opens up new perspectives on how industrial 'waste' can be transformed into valuable economic resources, supporting environmental sustainability and the well-being of local communities.

Study Case: Company Valuation and Forecasting Financial Trends at PT PP London Sumatera Indonesia (LSIP)

PT PP London Sumatra Indonesia Tbk (LSIP) is a company that has been established in Indonesia since 1906 and started its IPO in 1996 with an IPO price of Rp4.650 for each share. Even though the company’s performance is going well and the trend of palm oil consumption in Indonesia is increasing, the share price of PT PP London Sumatra Indonesia Tbk has fluctuated and even decreased when compared to the initial IPO price and share prices in the last 5 years. So this raises the question of how the company’s stock performance will be in the next few years. In this research, the author begins by analyzing the macro-environment which may have an impact on the company and industry, then the author carries out an analysis of the financial statements of the company and its competitors. Apart from that, the author also tries to forecast the company’s financial performance and then continue with company valuation analysis using the discounted cash flow method. After getting the valuation results, the author tries to see the company’s level of sensitivity using scenario analysis and also carries out capital structure analysis to find the optimal capital structure. Based on the results of financial performance analysis, Lonsum (LSIP) has better financial performance compared to its competitors except for assets turnover. And then based on the results of discounted cash flow analysis, this company is not yet worthy of being a place for us to invest. And the last based on all the results of the previous analysis, when compared with competing companies, LSIP is a company that has quite a lot of potential as a place to invest. However, currently the company still has to look for a catalyst in order to become a company that is worthy of being a place for us to invest. Based on the result, the author suggest the reader to continue to collect information related to PT PP London Sumatra Indonesia Tbk, other competitors and plantation in similar industries to find catalysts that have positive impact on the company, and invest when the company has a positive catalyst.