Value Of Agricultural Production Research Articles

Structural change in the South African agricultural sector: Bai-Perron modelling

There is a consensus that the agricultural sector in developing countries has ascendancy in elevating economic growth through structural change; hence continued improvements are imperative, especially in the case of countries such as South Africa with a low agricultural GDP contribution to the economy. Policymakers have to keep a handle on structural change issues. However, the dawdling research on structural change, particularly in the agricultural sector in South Africa, causes a fallback on the sector's development due to the absence of quality evidence-based policy research. This study analysed structural breaks in the agricultural sector using the value of agricultural production as a variable and then evaluated the effects of economic factors such as employment, exports, government expenditure, and inflation on the value of agricultural production output in the presence of each significant structural break between 1983 and 2020. The Bai-Perron test forecasted two structural break dates (1988 and 1994) in South Africa's agricultural sector. The model results reveal that agricultural exports positively influenced the value of agricultural production output in the resulting two structural change regimes, while employment in agriculture, government expenditure in agriculture, and inflation positively influenced the value of agricultural production output only in the regime 1994–2020. The recommendation is that policy reforms aimed at boosting agricultural exports should be pursued.

IMPACT OF SUBSIDIES IN AGRICULTURAL INCOME AND CROP PRODUCTION: THE CASE OF GREECE

Subsidies are an important element in supporting agricultural income and expanding production. This element is typical for the case of Greece in terms of crop production, which is fragmented, with the majority of farmers owning small rural areas. The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between the amount of agricultural income and the value of agricultural production and the level of subsidies on products. The research data refer to the period 1993 to 2020 for Greece. All data were drawn from the Eurostat database and are annual. The results of the study showed a significant reduction in the level of subsidies, especially after 2004, which, however, is not associated with a corresponding reduction in agricultural output in the long run. On the contrary, the reduction of subsidies is related to a reduction of agricultural income.

Direct Delivery of Nearby Expiry Product to Underprivileged Peoples (NGO) using Machine Learning Techniques

E-Agriculture is a platform that enables farmers to promote their agricultural products and provides accurate pricing information to both farmers and consumers. This platform aims to improve the daily lives of farmers and support disadvantaged individuals by redistributing excess food to those in need, thereby reducing food waste. The system is supported by various government and non-governmental organizations, which collaborate with farmers to identify surplus produce and redistribute it to those who require it. The goal of this system is to create a community where middlemen are eliminated, and the actual value of agricultural products is transparently communicated to farmers. By building trust and confidence among consumers and producers, this platform can enhance the credibility of agricultural products. Any leftover food is donated to charities and NGOs, and food waste is disposed of responsibly.

Pendampingan Pemanfaatan Limbah Tahu Sebagai Pupuk Organik Cair (Poc) Bagi Masyarakat Kelurahan Kayu Manis

Tofu is a food product that comes from processed products (protein coagulation process) of soybeans. This home-based tofu industry, in its processing, can produce waste, namely solid waste (soybean dregs) and liquid waste. Handling of tofu liquid waste is not only a temporary treatment but needs to be done on an ongoing basis, one of which is by making valuable agricultural products having economic value. The methods for implementing this Community Self-Reliance Activity (KKM) include debriefing, team coordination, training, Liquid Organic Fertilizer (POC) application, mentoring and monitoring. The people involved were UKM Harjasari and KWT Ceria Mandiri Kayu Manis. The results of this activity indicate that community service in the form of assistance in using liquid tofu waste as a POC product can reduce environmental pollution and increase public knowledge about the proper use of natural resources. This can be seen from the increase in general understanding and its application, with an average increase of 62.28%.

The carbon cost of agricultural production in the global land rush

Increases in the number of large-scale land transactions (LSLTs), commonly known as ‘land grabbing’ or ‘global land rush,’ have occurred throughout the lower- and middle-income world over the past two decades. Despite substantial and continuing concerns about the negative socio-environmental impacts of LSLTs, trade-off analysis on boosting crop yield and minimizing climate-related effects remains limited. Our study makes use of a global dataset on LSLTs for agricultural production to estimate potential carbon emissions based on different scenarios of land cover change and fertilizer use, as well as potential value of agricultural production on transacted land. We show that, if fully implemented on ∼ 38 M ha of transacted land, 2.51 GtC will be emitted during land conversion, with another 24.2 MtC/year emitted from fertilizer use, assuming farming technology of investors’ origin is adopted on transacted land. Comparison of different combinations of forest protection policies and agricultural intensification levels reveals that enforcing strict deforestation regulation while promoting fertilizer use rate improves the carbon efficiency of agricultural production. Additionally, positive spillovers of investors’ farming technology on existing arable lands of host countries can potentially double their crop yield. Our analyses thus suggest that fostering agricultural intensification and technology spillovers under strict regulation on land allocation to investors to protect forests would allow for boosting agricultural yield while minimizing carbon emissions.

Characteristics of two Panicum maximum grass cultivars fertilized with ash from wood grown in tropical soils

It is estimated that the livestock sector accounts for about 40% of the value of global agricultural production. Livestock plays an essential role in maintaining food security as the sector contributes around 13% of calories and 28% of protein demands required by humans worldwide. Fertilization of tropical pastures with wood ash emerges as a sustainable practice that can contribute to better nutrient cycling, increased production, and reduced dependence on mineral resources. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the production characteristics of two Panicum maximum grass cultivars fertilized with ash from wood grown in tropical soils of the Brazilian Cerrado. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a factorial arrangement 5x2 with five doses of wood ash (0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 g kg-1) and two cultivars of Panicum maximum (cv. BRS Zuri and cv. Mombasa), with six replications. The experiment was carried out in 5 dm3 pots for 120 days. The wood ash used in the experiment comes from the combustion of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus sp.) logs in a boiler. The application of wood ash in acidic tropical soils increased leaf area, tillering, leaf dry mass, stem dry mass, and root volume in Mombasa and BRS Zuri cultivars of Panicum maximum grass, with maximum production at a dose of 32 g kg-1. The application of wood ash in acidic tropical soils offers potential as a sustainable strategy to increase production in forage production area for animal consumption in grazing, given the growing demand for beef. In addition, it properly and safely disposes of waste and recycles nutrients extracted by the crops.

IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION ON GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

The goal of this research is to quantify the influence of each segment of agricultural production individually on the formation of the total gross domestic product in Serbia. For the purposes of the research, the gross domestic product at the level of Serbia, expressed at current prices, was used as the dependent variable. On the other hand, the values of agricultural production (plant production, vegetable production and horticultural products, livestock production, production of livestock products, and agricultural services) expressed also in current prices were observed as independent variables. The research used regression analysis. The most important result of this research is that plant production is recommended as the dominant direction of Serbian agriculture, given that its influence is most pronounced when it comes to the formation of the value of agricultural production, and therefore the total gross domestic product of Serbia.

Maximizing duckweed biomass production for food security at low light intensities: Experimental results and an enhanced predictive model

Aquatic macrophytes offer an excellent pathway to promote circular agricultural systems through the recovery and upcycling of waste nutrients into valuable agricultural products. The prolific aquatic plant and nutrient scavenger, duckweed (family Lemnaceae), is known not only for its wastewater treatment capabilities but also for its potential as a protein alternative compared to traditional plant and animal sources due to its high nutritional quality and low environmental impact. Although duckweed is known to grow under a wide range of environmental conditions, current models representing duckweed growth kinetics do not include variable(s) to quantify the effect of light intensity. In this work, data from our own experiments and from the literature were utilized to enhance an intrinsic duckweed growth model with a light intensity term, thereby dramatically improving the accuracy of specific growth rate predictions from an R2 of 0.27 to 0.67. The resulting validated model helps advance our knowledge of duckweed's resilience to changing environmental conditions, with applications from enhancing food security under adverse climatic conditions to the optimization of vertical farming operations which strive to maximize food production while minimizing external inputs.

Changes of bioactive composition and concentration in loquat flower extracted with water/Chinese Baijiu

Loquat is a high-value fruit tree with medicine and fruit homology. Loquat flowers with special fragrance, strong cold resistance and rich in various bioactive components, are valuable agricultural auxiliary products and have been widely used for making floral teas and beverages in recent years. In this study, we found the concentration of active components increased from the floral buds to initial flowers along with flower development, the bioactives of initial flowers were the richest in four flowering stages, and loquat flowers contained major volatile components such as alcohols, aldehydes and esters, which are the source of fragrance. When extract with hot water, the most efficient method was 80 °C for 30 min or boiling water within 2 h. For Baijiu (56% Vol), the best solid-to-liquid ratio was 3:100 (Dry flower: Baijiu) in 6–12 h. Baijiu achieved higher bioactive content than water extraction, the amygdalin concentration in Baijiu reached 0.3 mg/mL.

Construction of a water resource suitability index for agricultural production and matching analysis of cultivated land in Lhasa, Tibet

Water resources are essential for agriculture. In the spatial layout of agricultural production, quantitatively identifying the spatial differences in water resource conditions, including precipitation and irrigation water supply factors, is necessary. Here, a water resource suitability index for agricultural production (WRSIA) was constructed for agricultural development using irrigation water supply convenience (IWSC) and precipitation conditions. Considering Lhasa as the study area, water resource suitability index for agricultural production was calculated on a 100 m grid scale, and the spatial distribution relationship between water resource suitability index for agricultural production and cultivated land was analyzed using geographically weighted regression (GWR). The results showed that irrigation water supply convenience severely restricted agricultural production in Lhasa, and the high water resource suitability index for agricultural production values were mainly distributed in the valleys of the Lhasa River and its tributaries. Moreover, 47.7% of the cultivated land was distributed in 5% of the area having the highest water resource suitability. According to geographically weighted regression, the cultivated land area and water resource availability were strongly correlated (R2 = 0.904). The distribution of the cultivated land was well explained by water resource suitability index for agricultural production, which could describe the differences in water resource suitability for agricultural production. Furthermore, the suitability of agricultural production was better evaluated when water resource suitability index for agricultural production was coupled with the land resource suitability index. Overall, water resource suitability index for agricultural production showed high applicability in Lhasa and other regions, thereby providing a scientific basis and technical support for the spatial layout of agricultural production.

Native pollinators improve the quality and market value of common bean

Biotic pollination improves yield of many global crops, contributing to local and regional food security, and rural livelihoods. Aesthetic and nutritional aspects of agricultural products (i.e. crop quality) often influence market price. Yet, information on the effects of pollinators on crop quality is still scarce. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important crop for global food security, while also contributing to many nations’ agricultural production and economic value. Yield of this species can benefit from biotic pollination although the strength of this effect depends on fertilization practices. As market value of common bean in Brazil is influenced by two traits, size and color, i.e., larger and light-colored beans being more valuable, we investigated the effect of pollinators on these two quality traits. We used data from 35 sites within large scale common bean fields in central Brazil (Cerrado region), that covered a gradient of landscape degradation and flower visitor diversity. We showed that higher densities of native flower visitors were associated with an increased probability of a given bean being classified as High quality from 8.8% up to 67.5%. This effect was more evident under lower levels of fertilization (more specifically, nitrogen input). Therefore, by increasing pollination services farmers can enhance the product market value, likely increasing profit. These findings contribute to the growing body of evidence showing that benefits of ecosystem services mediated by wild pollinators go beyond yields, extending to crop quality and are necessary to fully estimate the economic contribution of pollinators to agriculture.

An integrated pasture biomass and beef cattle liveweight predictive model under weather forecast uncertainty: An application to Northern Australia

AbstractBeef production drives a significant proportion of Australia's agricultural economy, representing AUD11 billion in agricultural production value annually. The profitability of cattle farms across seasons varies greatly and is particularly influenced by weather and associated uncertainty through pasture growth. Furthermore, producers must be careful in managing stocking rates to avoid overgrazing which has a significant environmental and economic impact. Predictive modelling of pasture and cattle liveweight can help producers to better manage this difficult balancing act. In this paper, we integrate a model for pasture growth and cattle weight gain to formulate predictions of liveweight production volume and pasture biomass. Monte‐Carlo simulation was used to understand the impact of uncertainty in model inputs relating to weather. Through such an approach, a distribution of possible pasture outcomes and beef production is formed which can be inspected to determine, for example expected production volume and risk of overgrazing. The methodology is demonstrated and validated through application to case study data sourced from Australian beef producers. Results demonstrate that it is possible to obtain reasonable predictions of liveweight gain and highlight the importance of considering the associated uncertainty. The accuracy of the proposed models has been examined by calculating statistical parameters MSE, MAE and R2. This approach can provide insight into the distribution of possible production outcomes given the long‐term rainfall outlook. The use of such predictive models and simulations by producers will lead to better‐informed planning of stocking rates, with benefits to productivity and sustainable utilisation of pasture.

Research on the Optimization of "Internet +" Agricultural Economic Integration in the Yangtze River Delta

With the continuous high-quality development of the Internet economy, today's agricultural economy and the combination of the Internet have achieved better economic benefits. "Internet" agriculture should be the update of traditional agriculture, Internet service projects, big information content, Internet of Things technology, cloud computing and other information technologies. Recently, e-commerce, logistics and other software have been used. Give the steps of production and manufacturing, marketing, agricultural service project commodity circulation plan, and its connection and update, complete the professional and intelligent data information of agricultural development, and complete the reasonable layout of human resources expenditure. Give appropriate material wealth and funds to create more efficient agricultural development models and enhance the value of agricultural products. The project analysis report discusses the combination of the Internet and the agricultural economy in the Yangtze River Delta region, as well as various problems, and finally gives preventive measures and suggestions to promote the improvement of the rural revitalization model.

Development and application of a new biological nano-selenium fermentation broth based on Bacillus subtilis SE201412

In order to improve the functionality and additional value of agricultural products, this study developing nano-selenium fermentation broth and established a new application strategy of bio-nano-selenium by screening and identifying selenium-rich microorganisms. We isolated a new strain from tobacco waste and named it Bacillus subtilis SE201412 (GenBank accession no. OP854680), which could aerobically grow under the condition of 66,000 mg L−1 selenite concentration, and could convert 99.19% of selenite into biological nano-selenium (BioSeNPs) within 18 h. Using strain SE201412, we industrially produced the different concentrations of fermentation broth containing 5000–3000 mg L−1 pure selenium for commercial use. The synthesized selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). TEM and SEM results showed that SeNPs were distributed outside cells. NTA assay of fermentation broth indicated that the nanoparticles were spherical with an average particle size of 126 ± 0.5 nm. Toxicity test revealed that the median lethal dose (LD50) of the fermentation broth to mice was 2710 mg kg−1, indicating its low toxicity and high safety. In addition, we applied BioSeNP fermentation broth to rice and wheat through field experiments. The results showed that the application of fermentation broth significantly increased the total selenium content and organic selenium percentage in rice and wheat grains. Our findings provide valuable reference for the development of BioSeNPs with extensive application prospects.

Adoption of Smart Farming Technology Among Rice Farmers

Application of smart farming technology in rice farming activity is relevant in facing the challenges in achieving food security and improving the wellbeing of farmers. In Malaysia, food security is synonymous with the adequacy of rice domestic supply for the Malaysian population. Therefore, to achieve the target set in Sustainable Development Goal 2 which is to achieve zero hunger, the rice sector needs to be more competitive by encouraging farmers to utilize modern technology. Smart farming is an emerging concept of farm management that combines information and communication technologies into modern machinery like IoT, drones, and Artificial Intelligence to increase the value of agricultural products as well as reduce the cost of production while improving the well-being of farmers through income increment. Therefore, this study is conducted to explore the adoption of smart farming among paddy farmers in one of the country’s granary areas which is in Barat Laut Selangor under the administration of the Integrated Agriculture Development Area. This study will employ qualitative methods and interviews will be conducted. This study is urgently needed due to the twofold agenda: Malaysia is moving towards a high-income country and the importance for food security assurance has been acknowledged.

The effect of place attachment of geographical indication agricultural products on repurchase intention

[Objective] This study aims to investigate how place attachment and the quality of experience affect consumers' intention to repurchase Geographical Indication (GI) agricultural products. [Methodology] Based on the special functional value and symbolic meaning of GI agricultural products, we constructed a five-dimensional model of place attachment for GI agricultural products consumers. Expanding on the original two-dimensional place attachment model, we introduced three connection concepts: nature, society, and emotion. We also combined this model with the quality of experience model and consumer purchase intention model to form a research model of repurchase intention for GI agricultural products. A questionnaire survey was used to collect data (n = 340), and a partial least squares structural equation model was used to test the empirical evidence. [Research results] (1) Place attachment to Geographical Indication agricultural products significantly affects the quality of experience. (2) Quality of experience significantly affects consumer trust and repurchase intention. (3) Consumer trust significantly affects repurchase intention. (4) There is a mediating effect of experience quality between place attachment and repurchase intention; there is a mediating effect of trust in the relationship between quality of experience and repurchase intention. (5) There is a chain mediating effect of “place attachment→quality of experience→consumer trust→repurchase intention” in the model.

INTEGRATION OF VÂLCEA COUNTY AT REGIONAL LEVEL IN TERMS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION (2015-2019)

The study follows and highlights the evolution of agricultural production at the level of Valcea County, in the context of the realities existing at national and regional level. In addition to the value of total agricultural production, according to existing data, its distribution by source of origin is also presented: crop production, livestock production and the agricultural services sector.
 For Vâlcea County, the vegetal production is predominant – 60.41% (834,420.20 thousand lei compared to 1,381,239.60 thousand lei), followed by the animal production – 39.31% (543,015.20 thousand lei) and respectively the agricultural services – 0.28% (3,804.20 thousand lei) followed. At the county level, the variation amplitude of total agricultural production was 393,078 thousand lei, a value that represented 32.70% of the minimum level of the indicator (2016) and 24.64% compared to the maximum level (2019). For vegetable production, the registered amplitude reached 339,264 thousand lei, a level that represented 50.39% of the minimum term (2015) and was lower than the maximum term (2019) by 66.49%. In the case of livestock production, the amplitude of production variation was 72,190 thousand lei, a level that represented 14.25% of the value of the minimum term (2017) and 12.48% compared to the maximum term (2019). If we refer to agricultural services, there is a variation amplitude of the indicator of 3,506 thousand lei, a value that exceeded by 49.13% the minimum level of the indicator (2016) and represented 59.86% compared to the maximum level (2015).

The invention in agriculture - Solutions for sustainable agriculture development

In this article, the authors analyze the laws and policies of China and Israel regarding inventions in the agricultural sector, as well as the situation of sustainable agricultural development in Vietnam. Based on that, suggestions for Vietnam's experience in the process of perfecting legal regulations, the process of establishing intellectual property rights for inventions and setting forth policies for technology development in the agricultural sector are proposed. The Covid-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on all aspects of socio-economic life. In that context, the agricultural sector has had solutions to tackle and affirmed its role as the "supporting platform" of Vietnam's economy, as well as ensures jobs and social welfare for the working force. Sustainable agricultural development is an essential goal for Vietnam, in which it is necessary to quickly apply science and technology to the agricultural production process. In order to do this, the very important role of invention cannot be ignored. Indeed, countries in the world with developed agriculture have applied technologies to the production process to resolve natural problems such as drought, saltwater intrusion, as well as post-harvest technologies to increase productivity and value of agricultural products in a sustainable way. Therefore, completing changes in the procedures for establishing intellectual property rights for inventions and policies to encourage the development of inventions in agriculture will help Vietnam actualize the sustainable agricultural development.

农业生态产品价值实现促进乡村振兴的路径分析

农业生态产品价值实现促进乡村振兴的路径分析

Policy mechanisms for realizing the value of ecological agricultural products: An evolutionary game analysis

Policy mechanisms for realizing the value of ecological agricultural products: An evolutionary game analysis