Validity Of Interview Research Articles

Barbershops as a setting for supporting men's mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study from the UK.

Previous research has highlighted the need to promote help-seeking by men with mental health problems. To investigate barbers' views about offering mental health support for men in barbershops, with a specific focus on the psychosocial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic. We used a sequential mixed-methods qualitative design with online data collection. In Phase 1, 30 barbers in Southern England completed surveys exploring perceptions of their clients' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic, experiences of informal supportive roles and scope for providing formal mental health support in barbershops. Phase 2 involved member validation interviews and explored practice implications with three Phase 1 respondents. Thematic analysis identified three overarching themes: 'more than a haircut' (describing how the physical and relational contexts of barbershops can offer a supportive environment for clients); 'impacts of COVID-19' (describing stressors related to the pandemic and implications for clients' mental health and barber-client relationships); and 'formal mental health strategies' (describing opportunities for, and potential barriers to, formalising mental health support in barbershops). Barbers were aware of their clients' worsening mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Barbershops were generally considered to be a suitable setting in which to promote good mental health, monitor for signs of mental ill health and provide information about local mental health services. Future work is needed to co-produce and evaluate formal mental health promotion and prevention strategies in barbershops. Particular attention should be given to service innovations that preserve the credibility and trust that are fundamental to the barbershop experience for many males.

Improving Students Mathematical Critical Thinking Ability With Learning Modules Using Brain-Based Learning Models

The quality of mathematics learning is influenced by good teaching material and can facilitate students to be active in knowledge and improve mathematical critical thinking skills. Mathematical critical thinking skills focus on activities in analyzing a more specific idea. Developing a learning module using a brain-based learning model is necessary to improve mathematical critical thinking skills. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the learning module using a brain-based learning model that is valid, practical, and effective. This type of research is development research using the Plomp model, which consists of three stages, namely the preliminary, development, and assessment stages. The module is made using a Brain-based learning model for class X Junior High School (SMA). The instruments used are validation sheets, observation sheets, questionnaires, interviews, and tests. The results showed that the learning module using the brain-based learning model for class X SMA was valid, practical, and effective. The validity of the module reaches 78.6. In contrast, the practicality of the module is 91.67%. In terms of effectiveness, it can be seen from students' average mathematical critical thinking ability test results, namely from 52.2 to 88.1

Toward System-Wide Implementation of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures: A Framework for Countries, States, and Regions

ObjectivesThis study aimed to develop a framework facilitating (1) the maturity assessment of healthcare systems regarding patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) implementation and (2) the comparison of different healthcare systems’ PROM implementation levels to guide discussions and derive lessons for regional, state-level, and national PROM initiatives. MethodsGuided by the grounded theory methodology, a PROM healthcare system implementation framework was developed following multiple steps. Based on interviews with 28 experts from 12 countries and a literature review, a framework was drafted and refined through 29 additional validation interviews. ResultsThe resulting framework comprises 5 implementation stages along 7 dimensions. Implementation stages range from “first experimentation” to “system-wide adoption and a vibrant ecosystem.” The dimensions are grouped into patient-reported outcome (PRO) measurement and PRO utilization, the former with the dimensions “scope and condition coverage,” “metric and process standardization,” and “tools and information technology–based solutions” and the latter with “patient empowerment and clinical decision support,” “reporting and quality improvement,” and “rewarding and contracting.” The “culture and stakeholder involvement” dimension connects both groups. Although a concerted implementation approach across dimensions can be observed in advanced countries, others show a more uneven adoption. ConclusionsThe framework and its preliminary application to different healthcare systems demonstrate (1) the importance of coherent progress across complementing dimensions and (2) the relevance of PROM integration across clinical specialties and care sectors to strengthen patient-centered care. Overall, the framework can facilitate dialogues between stakeholders to analyze the current PROM implementation status and strategies to advance it.

MP28-04 VALIDATION OF A SURGICAL DECISION AID FOR PATIENTS WITH NEPHROLITHIASIS: SHOCKWAVE LITHOTRIPSY VERSUS URETEROSCOPY

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 May 2022MP28-04 VALIDATION OF A SURGICAL DECISION AID FOR PATIENTS WITH NEPHROLITHIASIS: SHOCKWAVE LITHOTRIPSY VERSUS URETEROSCOPY John Michael DiBianco, Stephanie Daignault-Newton, Bronson Conrado, Sarah T. Hawley, Giulia Lane, Khurshid R. Ghani, Casey A. Dauw, and for the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative John Michael DiBiancoJohn Michael DiBianco More articles by this author , Stephanie Daignault-NewtonStephanie Daignault-Newton More articles by this author , Bronson ConradoBronson Conrado More articles by this author , Sarah T. HawleySarah T. Hawley More articles by this author , Giulia LaneGiulia Lane More articles by this author , Khurshid R. GhaniKhurshid R. Ghani More articles by this author , Casey A. DauwCasey A. Dauw More articles by this author , and for the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000002571.04AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Shared decision making is recommended for patients with symptomatic nephrolithiasis to assist the deciding between ureteroscopy (URS) or shockwave lithotripsy (SWL). The practice of shared decision making remains low in this population. We aimed to develop a surgical decision aid (SDA) to facilitate treatment decision making for patients with nephrolithiasis. METHODS: The scope of the SDA was identified through discussions with patients, patient advocates and urologists in the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative (MUSIC). A steering committee consisted of patient advocates, MUSIC coordinating center, decision making content experts, biostatisticians and MUSIC urologists. Content domains were assessed through best available evidence and expert opinion. For content validation we conducted anonymous survey of 35 MUSIC urologists. Content Validity Ratios (CVR), numeric value indicating degree of expert validity, were calculated. Face validation interviews were conducted with patient advocates. RESULTS: A prototype using descriptive plain language and pictorial information was designed for nephrolithiasis patients who are candidates for SWL or URS. Page 1 addressed patient education and page 2 informed urologists of patient treatment goals. Six content domains were chosen: anesthesia type, effectiveness, number of procedures, risk, pain and recovery. 91.4% and 85.7% of urologists indicated that Page 1 and Page 2 accomplished their goals, respectively (Table 1). Anesthesia type was the only domain to receive a lower than acceptable CVR. Patient advocates reported high levels of face validation (Table 2). CONCLUSIONS: We developed a SWL vs URS treatment choice SDA with promising content and face validity. Agreement and contradiction between content and face validation regarding relevance of anesthesia type and recovery time indicate further work is required to determine clinical utility and understand its potential ability to improve patient understanding and treatment satisfaction. Source of Funding: Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan © 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 207Issue Supplement 5May 2022Page: e461 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information John Michael DiBianco More articles by this author Stephanie Daignault-Newton More articles by this author Bronson Conrado More articles by this author Sarah T. Hawley More articles by this author Giulia Lane More articles by this author Khurshid R. Ghani More articles by this author Casey A. Dauw More articles by this author for the Michigan Urological Surgery Improvement Collaborative More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...

Development and validation of a web-based headache diagnosis questionnaire

Information technology advances may help in conducting epidemiological studies using web-based surveys. Questionnaire-based headache diagnosis should be validated against the doctor’s diagnosis. This study aimed to develop and validate a web-based diagnostic questionnaire for migraine, probable migraine (PM), and tension-type headache (TTH). We constructed a seven-item questionnaire for diagnosing migraine, PM, and TTH. A web-based survey was conducted among adults aged 20–59 years; migraine, PM, and TTH were diagnosed based on the responses. Validation interview was performed via telephone by a neurologist within 1 month after the web-based interview. Finally, 256 participants completed both web-based survey and validation interview. Of them, 121 (47.3%), 65 (25.4%), 61 (23.8%), and 9 (3.5%) were diagnosed with migraine, PM, TTH, and unclassified headache (UH), respectively in the web-based survey, whereas 119 (46.5%), 60 (23.4%), 74 (28.9%), 2 (0.8%), and 1 (0.4%) were diagnosed with migraine, PM, TTH, UH, and primary stabbing headache, respectively in the validation interview. The best agreement was found in migraine (sensitivity: 92.6%; specificity: 94.8%; kappa coefficient: 0.875), followed by TTH (sensitivity: 78.4%; specificity: 98.4%; kappa coefficient: 0.809). PM showed the least agreement (sensitivity: 85.0%; specificity: 92.9%; kappa coefficient: 0.757). In conclusion, our questionnaire is valid in identifying these headache disorders.

Developing a toolkit to assist in the decision-making process of logistics service providers to shift to the use of bimodal transport in South Africa

This paper seeks to contribute to research on the use of bimodal technology in South Africa through developing a toolkit that allows Logistics Service Providers (LSPs) to conduct investigations into the financial and practical suitability of the RailRunner bimodal technology for use in their business.The toolkit was developed by investigating the road-to-rail industry, by constructing a preliminary toolkit from inputs gained through literature and exploratory interviews. This included selection criteria for LSPs and a financial model for comparing operating costs of existing and alternative transport systems. A decision matrix was developed to assist LSPs towards analysing different transport methods. Validation interviews were conducted to confirm the validity and usefulness of the finalised toolkit.Preliminary results show that RailRunner would have to make sure that the reliability of their system is equal to or better than that of road transport alone. LSPs must also note that the RailRunner system is not a one-size-fits-all solution. Many factors need to be considered in the decision to use the system.The outcome achieved will benefit LSPs to make informed decisions regarding the implementation of bimodal technology and provides a foundation for future research into the systemic nature of implementing bimodal systems in South Africa.

Awareness and attitude of primary healthcare patients towards telehealth in Cairo, Egypt

Background Telehealth is delivering health care services remotely from healthcare facilities using telecommunications and virtual technology. Egypt is aiming to reach Universal Health Coverage; this increases the demand for telehealth in routine health services. Telehealth helps in increasing access to areas with no available medical services as patients can be monitored remotely. Objective To measure the awareness of telehealth among attendees of primary health care units and their acceptance of applying telehealth. Methodology This was a cross-sectional study among attendees of primary health units. Ethical issues were considered. Results A sample size was calculated to be 162 and 170 valid Arabic interview questionnaires were filled by attendees. The awareness percentage of telehealth among attendees was 64.7% while the willingness to implement telehealth was 78%. Both awareness and willingness were significantly associated with age groups, residence, socioeconomic status, and presence of computer with internet access. Age, residence, and possession of a PC were the only adjusted predictive factors for knowledge about telehealth among patients in the multivariable analysis. Conclusion Large percentages of attendees to primary health care centers are aware of telehealth and are willing to implement it. The major cause of refusal to implement telehealth was ignorance of using telecommunication devices and the desire to be in close contact with the physicians.

Improving Conversations With COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitant Patients: Action Research to Support Family Physicians.

Vaccination delivery and efforts to counter vaccine hesitancy have become focal issues for family medicine teams as the COVID-19 pandemic has evolved. Conducting action research, our team developed an interactive web-based guide to improve clinical conversations around a broad range of vaccine hesitancies presented by patients. The paper presents a step-by-step account of the guide being codesigned with family physicians-its targeted end users-in a process that included validation interviews; role-play interviews; and user-tested design. The validation interviews sought to understand the pragmatic realities of vaccine hesitancy in family medicine clinical practice relative to relevant psychological theories. The role-play interviews drew out conversational strategies and advice from family physicians. The principles of motivational interviewing-an evidence-based approach to vaccine hesitancy conversations that supplements information deficit approaches-were used to codesign the content and layout of the guide. User counts, stakeholder engagement, and web-based analytics indicate the guide is being used extensively. Formal evaluation of the guide is presently underway.Originally published as Annals "Online First" article.

Building Family Capacity: supporting multiple family members to implement aided Language modeling.

Family-centered capacity-building practices have been shown to benefit children and families. However, limited research explores these practices for children who use augmentative and alternative communication. This study explored an intervention to teach family members to implement an Aided Language Modeling (ALM) strategy across natural activities at home. A single case multiple probe design was used to evaluate the intervention with five family members and a girl with autism. Results showed the intervention increased family members’ percentage of high-fidelity ALM strategy use and rate of ALM. Descriptively, a modest increase was also observed in the proportion of the child’s communication using the speech-generating device. Social validity interviews suggested the goals, procedures, and outcomes were socially valid and supported family capacity building.

Development and Validation of Structured COVID Perception Interview Guide (COPING) for Assessing the Acute Impact of COVID-19 Diagnosis.

Objective Structured COVID Perception INterview Guide (COPING) is a novel tool developed to understand the acute impact after receiving the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the Indian setting. The approach carries importance for interviewing patients in a state of shock immediately after receiving the diagnosis of COVID. The tool is developed emphasizing the grief, stigma, and acute psychological perception in the immediate aftermath of receiving the positive test results of COVID-19. Since COVID-19 is characteristically different from other infectious illnesses, a structured interview guide could help to address the concerns related to acute loss of health. Materials and Methods This study follows a mixed method design conducted from August 2020 to January 2021. In-depth telephonic interviews with mild to moderate COVID patients admitted to a tertiary hospital in central India was followed by development of COPING questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Item-Content Validity Index (I-CVI) and Scale-Content Validity Index Universal Agreement (S-CVI/UA) was computed. Factor analysis, Bartlett's test, and Kaiser–Meier–Olkin measure of sampling adequacy was performed. Principal component analysis, scree plots, and parallel analysis with varimax rotation was used to determine the number of factors to extract. For measuring internal consistency, Cronbach's α was computed. Results Out of 40 items, the final tool had 15 items after computing content validity, performing factor analysis and achieving desired level of internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.702). Five domains identified after factor analysis were awareness, grief/bereavement, stigma, social reciprocity, and stress adaptation/coping. Conclusion COPING is a valid and reliable interview guide for Indian setting that will allow the assessment of perception of patients with acute COVID-19 infection. Taking into consideration the mental health implications of COVID-19, the availability of such a validated and reliable tool is a timely step to address the public health problem and assist the ongoing research on COVID-19 and similar illnesses in the future.

An integrated mindfulness and acceptance-based program for young elite female basketball players: Exploratory study of how it works and for whom it works best

In order to better understand how an integrated mindfulness and acceptance-based intervention works and for whom it works best, study objectives were to examine (i) the trajectories of mindfulness skills and performance-related outcomes during the intervention, and athletes’ perceptions of the impact of the intervention; and (ii) the potential moderating effects of personality characteristics on changes in targeted variables associated with the intervention. The sample consisted of 40 young elite female basketball players (M = 16.33, SD = 0.75 years) from three incoming groups at the French Federal Basketball Center over a 3-year period. All players participated in a 15-week Mindfulness BasketBall Integrated program. They completed online questionnaires measuring personality traits 10 months before the intervention, as well as pre-, mid- and post-intervention measurements of mindfulness skills, intensity and directional interpretation of stress, and performance satisfaction. They also participated in semi-structured social validation interviews conducted one month after the intervention. The results of the multilevel growth curve (MGCA) and thematic analyses revealed how the mindfulness skills and performance-related outcomes evolved over the course of the intervention and how these changes were perceived by the athletes. Specifically, the MGCA showed significant linear increases in acceptance, positive stress direction, and performance satisfaction. The complementary social validation data indicated perceived improvements in mindfulness skills and performance. The MGCA also showed that baseline personality traits moderated the effects of the program on acceptance and experience of stress. These findings may be used to inform the design of more effective integrated mindfulness and acceptance-based interventions.

Development of Inquiry Based-Metacognitif Skills on Water Pollution Materials for High School

Metacognitive skills are essential in 21st-century education because they can hone students' reasoning. Metacognitive skills tend not to be trained much in the learning process and are not used to being assessed so that there is no instrument for assessing students' metacognitive skills. The research aims to develop a product of inquiry-based metacognitive skills on water pollution material, as well as to determine the feasibility of these instruments. This research method uses development research (R&D). The research samples were three lecturers as metacognitive skills experts, evaluation experts, and environmental experts, as well as two biology teachers in high school. The sampling technique was using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection techniques using validation sheets and interview sheets and validation sheets. Instrument products in the form of test sheets and observation sheets. The validation results show that the instrument product is at a very good level. It indicates that the inquiry-based metacognitive skills assessment instrument on water pollution material is suitable for use in schools.

The Trudeau government and GIC appointments in Canada

PurposeAccording to the traditional view of public administration, a critical component of good policy formulation is the provision of frank and fearless advice to elected decision-makers. This advice can be provided by permanent public officials or by the people selected by the elected governments to fill key and continuing posts. However, there are major questions as to whether new Governor-in-Council (GIC) appointment processes rooted in new public governance (NPG) are yielding the expected results promised, such as less partisanism, as a consideration for appointment.Design/methodology/approachThe paper uses a mixed methods approach to examine the GIC process as it is used in Canada. In using these methods, the authors employed interviews with senior officials, governmental documents review and expert validation interviews to triangulate its main findings.FindingsThe paper uses the case of the revised appointment process for GIC appointments in Canada and suggests that the new arrangements do not deliver on merit-based criteria that ensures independence is protected between political executive and senior bureaucratic officials. Although new processes may be more open and transparent than past processes, the paper suggests that such processes are more susceptible to partisan influence under the guise of being merit-based.Research limitations/implicationsThe research was limited to one country context, Canada. As such, it will be necessary to expand this to other Westminster countries. Testing whether manifestations of new public governance in appointment processes elsewhere will be important to validate whether Canada is unique or not.Practical implicationsThe authors are left to wonder if this innovation of merit-based appointments in the new administrative state is obscuring the lines of accountability and whether it forms the basis for good policy advice despite promises to the contrary.Social implicationsTrust in the government is affected by decisions behind closed doors. They appear partisan, even when they may not be. Process matters if only to highlight increased value placed on meritorious appointments.Originality/valuePrevious studies on GIC appointments have generally been to explore representation as a value. That is, studies have questioned whether diversity is maintained, for example. However, few studies have explored appointment processes using institutional approaches to examine whether reforms to such processes have respected key principles, such as merit and accountability.

Identifying present drivers of product development and describing roles of identified actors primarily affecting the development of harvesters: a multiple-case study

Forest operations involve several different actors. Each actor imposes their own requirements on the harvester in relation to their differing roles in the industry, whether they are concerned with the harvester itself, information, environmental concerns, etc. The manufacturers of harvesters need to meet the requirements imposed by multiple actors, among them logging contractors, whose survival depends on their harvesters. This paper aims to identify the present drivers of product development and describe the roles of the actors who have been identified as those currently affecting the development of harvesters. A multiple-case study of harvester manufacturers was conducted. In total, 4 cases were studied. Each case was comprised of five interviewees: two from each harvesting manufacturer, two logging contractors, and one dealer. Following 20 interviews and 3 validation interviews (with experts from both the industry and academia), the paper concludes that the present drivers of product development of harvesters are legislators, logging contractors, and expert and research organizations. Harvester manufacturers appear to develop harvesters aligned with requirements coming from both logging contractors and legislators. Logging contractors are the primary customers, and they prioritize requirements that reduce cost and improve work environments. Legislators, and expert and research organizations are supporting development in relation to current regulations.

Development of the Water Instrument: a comprehensive measure of students’ knowledge of fundamental concepts in general chemistry

General Chemistry serves virtually all STEM students. It has been accused of covering content in a “mile wide and inch deep” fashion. This has made it very difficult to assess, where chemistry educators have relied on assessments of specific topics. Assessing across all these different topics requires introducing many different chemical systems and contexts, which may pose a threat to validity in the measurement of students’ knowledge of general chemistry concepts. With many different systems and contexts, it is possible that students will have varying familiarity, may resort to memorization, or rely on fragments of knowledge to answer. To account for challenges which may arise with different systems and contexts, we have developed an assessment instrument for measuring students’ understanding of key concepts from a year-long sequence of general chemistry that relies on a single context: water. The Water Instrument was developed using exploratory sequential design to target eight of the ten anchoring concepts for general chemistry. Psychometric results will be presented from the final pilot administration, where an item response model was used to evaluate the assessment. Further evidence gathered through Response Process Validity interviews will be presented. The evidence gathered indicates this assessment offers a valid and reliable estimate of students’ understanding of general chemistry concepts in the context of water, which makes this instrument promising for general chemistry assessment. The comprehensive nature of the assessment can provide rich information to instructors regarding their students’ conceptual knowledge of the wide range of topics covered in a year-long sequence of general chemistry.

The posttraumatic stress interview for children (KID-PIN): development and validation of a semi-structured interview of PTSD symptoms among displaced children in the Middle East.

BackgroundIn populations affected by mass disaster such as armed conflict and displacement, children are at risk of developing mental ill-health, in particular post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Valid and reliable screening instruments are needed to assess the severity of PTSD symptoms among children and to identify individuals in need of treatment.MethodIn the context of an ongoing war in the Middle East, we developed the KID-PIN as a semi-structured interview for PTSD symptoms that can be administered by trained paraprofessionals. To achieve a culturally and contextually appropriate instrument, the development was based on open-ended interviews with affected children and involved both local and international experts. Using the KID-PIN and instruments for constructs associated with PTSD, 332 Iraqi and Syrian displaced children were interviewed. A subset of the sample (n = 86) participated in validation interviews based on experts applying the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5—Child/Adolescent Version (CAPS-CA-5).ResultsThe KID-PIN demonstrated excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.94) with good convergent validity. Confirmatory factor analyses of the KID-PIN showed an acceptable fit with the DSM-5 and other common models; the best fit was reached with the Hybrid model. Receiver operating characteristic analyses indicated that the cut-off score of 28 or higher on the KID-PIN is the optimum cut-off for a probable PTSD diagnosis.ConclusionThe utility of the newly developed KID-PIN as a screening instrument for PTSD in children is supported by the measure’s high internal consistency and good convergent and structural validity, as well as its diagnostic accuracy.

Desain Tes Diagnostik Three-Tier Multiple Choice dalam Mendeteksi Miskonsepsi Hidrolisis Garam

This study aims to determine the process of designing a three-tier multiple choice diagnostic test in detecting salt hydrolysis misconceptions and to determine students’ responses to the diagnostic test design has been developed. This research and development study involved students at one Islamic high school in Palembang and five validators. Data were gathered through validation sheets, questionnaires, interviews, and tests. The results showed that the three-tier multiple choice diagnostic test design on the developed salt hydrolysis material was declared valid and meeting the criteria for good items. The students responded positively to the design of the diagnostic test. Applications to larger data sources can be carried out further by adjusting the time in solving problems. Keywords: Chemistry; misconception; salt hydrolysis; three-tier multiple choice diagnostic test

Psychometric validation and meaningful change thresholds of the Worst Itching Intensity Numerical Rating Scale for assessing itch in patients with chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus

BackgroundChronic kidney disease-associated pruritus (CKD-aP) is characterized by persistent itch that often leads to substantially impaired quality of life. The Worst Itching Intensity Numerical Rating Scale (WI-NRS) is a single-item patient-reported outcome measure in which patients indicate the intensity of the worst itching they experienced over the past 24 h. Here, we evaluated the content validity and psychometric properties of the WI-NRS and confirmed the threshold of meaningful change in hemodialysis patients with moderate-to-severe CKD-aP.MethodsContent validity interviews were conducted in 23 patients. Psychometric properties of the WI-NRS were assessed using data from one phase 2 (N = 174) and two phase 3 (N = 848) clinical trials investigating an anti-pruritic treatment. Anchor-based methods were used to confirm meaningful within-patient change score thresholds in the phase 3 trial patients and mixed-method exit interviews (N = 70) contributed further insight.ResultsContent validity interviews indicated patients considered the WI-NRS to be straightforward, comprehensive, and relevant. Test–retest reliability was strong in both trial cohorts (intraclass correlation coefficients > 0.75). Construct validity analyses indicated high correlation between the WI-NRS and other measures of itch. Anchor-based analyses showed a reduction of ≥ 3 points from baseline score represented an appropriate clinically meaningful within-patient change on the WI-NRS. In the exit interviews, all patients with a reduction ≥ 3 points considered the change meaningful.ConclusionsThe WI-NRS is a reliable, valid, and responsive measure of itch intensity for patients with moderate-to-severe CKD-aP. These results support its use to assess treatment efficacy and in clinical evaluation and management of pruritus in hemodialysis patients.

Desain Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh Berbasis E-Learning pada Pelajaran Fisika SMA

The background of this research is the existence of globalization which makes education very important for all people. One way to significantly expand access to education is through distance learning (PJJ). PJJ can provide comfort for students to study independently anywhere and anytime. The implementation of PJJ has been widely carried out using LMS (Learning Management System). The purpose of this research is to produce a distance learning design based on e-learning on valid and practical temperature and heat material. This research uses mix method research with ADDIE development model. There are two subjects in this study, namely learning design in google classroom and students of class XI MIPA 1 SMA Negeri 15 Palembang, totaling 36 students. Instruments in this study were validation and practicality sheets and interviews. The results of the media and material validation questionnaire analysis as well as the media practicality questionnaire in the study obtained an average media validation score of 3.67 or 91.75%, the average material validation score obtained 3.31 or 82.75% and practicality questionnaire analysis got 3.13 or 78.07% , this shows that these media and materials are feasible and practical to use.

Health-Related Quality of Life according to Renal Function: Results from a Nationwide Health Interview and Examination Survey

Background: Most studies on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) focus on patients with end-stage kidney disease although they represent a small proportion of patients with CKD. We aimed to analyze HRQoL according to glomerular filtration rate (GFR) categories in a population-based sample of adults living in Germany. Methods: Data from the German health interview and examination survey conducted from 2008 to 2011 were used. Participants with valid interview and examination data aged 40–79 years were included (n = 5,159). Serum creatinine levels were used to calculate estimated GFR via the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. We classified kidney function in GFR categories according to the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes Initiative (KDIGO) guidelines on CKD: G1 (high): ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m², G2 (normal): 60–89 mL/min/1.73 m², G3a (mildly decreased): 45–59 mL/min/1.73 m², G3b (moderately decreased): 30–44 mL/min/1.73 m², G4/5 (severely decreased/end-stage kidney disease): <30 mL/min/1.73 m². HRQoL was evaluated with the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Different multivariate linear and logistic regression models were used to analyze the association of HRQoL with GFR categories. Results: Overall, 5.9% had a GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m² (corresponding to categories G3a, G3b, and G4/5). Compared to category G2 linear regression showed a decline in physical HRQoL in categories G3a (−2.34, p = 0.004), G3b (−5.37, p = 0.009), and G4/5 (−4.82, p = 0.117). No decline in mental HRQoL was detected with increasing GFR categories. Categories G3a to G4/5 were significantly associated with a low perceived general state of health (G3a: odds ratio [OR] = 2.03, p = 0.001; G3b: OR = 3.01, p = 0.009; G4/5: OR = 8.70, p = 0.016) when compared to category G2. Conclusion: In a representative sample of adults living in Germany, both physical HRQoL and the perceived general state of health are already significantly reduced in category G3a.