Valence Quadruple Zeta Basis Set Research Articles

A Full-Dimensional ab initio Intermolecular Potential Energy Surface and Dipole Moment Surfaces for H2O-Ar

Background: The H2O–Ar system has attracted significant interest in recent years because it is an important model to study inelastic scattering between atoms and triatomic molecules. A high-accuracy intermolecular potential energy surface (IPES) is the foundation for theoretical study on molecular collision dynamics for H2O–Ar. In addition, dipole moment surfaces (DMSs) are one of the prerequisites for spectral simulation. Objective: This study aimed to obtain a full-dimensional intermolecular potential energy surface and dipole moment surfaces for the van der Waals complex H2O–Ar. Methods: In this study, ab initio energy points were computed at the frozen-core (FC) explicitly correlated coupled-cluster [FC-CCSD(T)-F12a] level, with the augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence quadruple-zeta basis set plus bond functions. The permutation invariant polynomial neural network (PIP-NN) approach is adopted to fit the IPES, while the DMSs are constructed at the MP2/AVTZ level and fitted by the NN approach. Results: With a root-mean-square-error (RMSE) of 0.284 cm-1, the IPES can accurately describe the motion of the H2O–Ar complex between R = 4 and 20 a0 in the energy range up to 10000 cm-1. The fitting errors of all the data points are 6.192 and 6.509 mDebye for the X and Z components, respectively. The global minimum of -140.633 cm-1 has the plane geometry, while the dipole moment of H2O–Ar is 1.853 Debye at the equilibrium structure. Conclusion: In summary, we report a full-dimensional intermolecular potential energy surface for H2O–Ar. The IPES precisely reproduces CCSD(T)-F12a electronic energies with a large basis set. The corresponding dipole moment surfaces have also been reported. In comparison with previous work, the employment of the high-level ab initio method will make our IPES more reliable. Several typical 2D contour plots of the IPES and DMSs are also shown. The argon atom has a weak effect on the dipole moment of the H2O–Ar complex. The FORTRAN codes to generate 6D potentials and dipole moments reported here are available on request from the authors.

Chemical accuracy with σ-functionals for the Kohn-Sham correlation energy optimized for different input orbitals and eigenvalues.

Recently, a new type of orbital-dependent functional for the Kohn-Sham (KS) correlation energy, σ-functionals, was introduced. Technically, σ-functionals are closely related to the well-known direct random phase approximation (dRPA). Within the dRPA, a function of the eigenvalues σ of the frequency-dependent KS response function is integrated over purely imaginary frequencies. In σ-functionals, this function is replaced by one that is optimized with respect to reference sets of atomization, reaction, transition state, and non-covalent interaction energies. The previously introduced σ-functional uses input orbitals and eigenvalues from KS calculations with the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) exchange-correlation functional of Perdew, Burke, and Ernzerhof (PBE). Here, σ-functionals using input orbitals and eigenvalues from the meta-GGA TPSS and the hybrid-functionals PBE0 and B3LYP are presented and tested. The number of reference sets taken into account in the optimization of the σ-functionals is larger than in the first PBE based σ-functional and includes sets with 3d-transition metal compounds. Therefore, also a reparameterized PBE based σ-functional is introduced. The σ-functionals based on PBE0 and B3LYP orbitals and eigenvalues reach chemical accuracy for main group chemistry. For the 10966 reactions from the highly accurate W4-11RE reference set, the B3LYP based σ-functional exhibits a mean average deviation of 1.03 kcal/molcompared to 1.08 kcal/molfor the coupled cluster singles doubles perturbative triples method if the same valence quadruple zeta basis set is used. For 3d-transition metal chemistry, accuracies of about 2 kcal/molare reached. The computational effort for the post-self-consistent evaluation of the σ-functional is lower than that of a preceding PBE0 or B3LYP calculation for typical systems.

A full-dimensional ab initio intermolecular potential energy surface and rovibrational spectra for OC-HF and OC-DF.

We present a full-dimensional ab initio intermolecular potential energy surface (IPES) for the OC-HF van der Waals complex. 3167 ab initio points were computed at the frozen-core (FC) explicitly correlated coupled cluster [FC-CCSD(T)-F12b] level, with the augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence quadruple-zeta basis set plus bond functions. Basis set superposition error correction was also considered by the full counterpoise procedure. Gaussian process regression (GPR) was used to map out the potential energy surface, while a multipole expansion method was employed to smooth the ab initio noise of intermolecular potential in the long range. The global minimum of -1248.364cm-1 was located at the linear configuration with the C atom pointing toward the H atom of the HF molecule. In addition, a local minimum of -602.026cm-1 was found at another linear configuration with the O atom pointing toward the H atom of the HF molecule. The eigenstates were calculated on the vibrational averaged four-dimensional IPESs with the mixed radial discrete variable representation/angular finite basis representation method and Lanczos propagation algorithm. The dissociation energy D0 was calculated to be 701.827cm-1, well reproducing the experimental value of 732 ± 2cm-1. The dipole moment surfaces were also fitted by GPR from 3132 ab initio points calculated using the coupled cluster method [CCSD(T)] with AVTZ basis set plus bond functions. The frequencies and relative line intensities of rovibrational transitions in the HF (DF) and CO stretching bands were further calculated and compared well with the experimental results. These results indicate the high fidelity of the new IPES.

A new full-dimensional ab initio intermolecular potential energy surface and vibrational states for (HF)2 and (DF)2.

We present a new full-dimensional ab initio potential energy surface (PES) of a hydrogen fluoride dimer [(HF)2] using the supermolecular approach. The calculations were performed at the coupled-cluster single double triple level, with an augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence quadruple-zeta basis set plus bond functions. The basis set superposition error was corrected by a full counterpoise procedure. With the exchange symmetry of the two HF molecules, the permutation invariant polynomial neural network approach was used to fit the hypersurface with a root-mean-square-error of 0.465 cm-1 for about 110 000 points. The ab initio noise of intermolecular potential in the long range was smoothed by the long-range coefficients method. The equilibrium configuration of the complex was found to be a Cs structure located at two equivalent minima with the well depth of 1573.495 cm-1. The eigenstates were calculated by employing a symmetry-adapted Lanczos propagation algorithm in the mixed radical discrete variable representation/angular finite basis representation. The tunneling splitting for the ground state of (HF)2 is 0.665 cm-1, agreeing well with experimental value of 0.65869 cm-1. Vibrational fundamentals are also very close to the observed values. The results of vibrational states calculations demonstrate the high accuracy of our new PES.

A full-dimensional potential energy surface and quantum dynamics of inelastic collision process for H2-HF.

A full-dimensional ab initio potential energy surface for the H2-HF van der Waals complex was constructed by employing the coupled-cluster singles and doubles with noniterative inclusion of connected triples with augmented correlation-consistent polarised valence quadruple-zeta basis set plus bond functions. Using the improved coupled-states approximation including the nearest neighbor Coriolis couplings, we calculated the state-to-state scattering dynamics for pure rotational and ro-vibrational energy transfer processes. For pure rotational energy transfer, our results showed a different dynamical behavior for para-H2 and ortho-H2 in collision with hydrogen fluoride (HF), which is consistent with the previous study. Interestingly, some strong resonant peaks were presented in the cross sections for ro-vibrational energy transfer. In addition, the calculated vibrational-resolved rate constant is in agreement with the experimental results reported by Bott et al. These dynamics data can be further applied to the numerical simulation of HF chemical lasers.

Interaction of rigid C3N- with He: Potential energy surface, bound states, and rotational spectrum.

A two-dimensional rigid rotor model of the potential energy surface is developed for the collision of C3N- with He. Ab initio calculations are performed at the coupled cluster level with single and double excitations and using a perturbative treatment of triple excitations. An augmented correlation consistent polarized valence quadruple zeta basis set complemented with a set of mid-bond functions is chosen for these calculations. The global T-shaped minimum (De = 62.114 cm-1) is found at the intermolecular distance R = 6.42 a0. A secondary minimum (De = 41.384 cm-1) is obtained for the linear configuration C3N--He and for R = 9.83 a0. Calculations of the rovibrational bound states are carried out by using a discrete variable representation method based on Sturmian functions. The first theoretical prediction of the absorption spectra for the He-C3N- complex in the microwave region is also provided.

An accurate potential energy surface for the F + H2 → HF + H reaction by the coupled-cluster method.

A three dimensional potential energy surface for the F + H2 → HF + H reaction has been computed by the spin unrestricted coupled cluster method with singles, doubles, triples, and perturbative quadruples [UCCSDT(2)Q] using the augmented correlation-consistent polarised valence quadruple zeta basis set for the fluorine atom and the correlation-consistent polarised valence quadruple zeta basis set for the hydrogen atom. All the calculations are based on the restricted open-shell Hartree-Fock orbitals, together with the frozen core approximations, and the UCCSD(T)/complete basis set (CBS) correction term was included. The global potential energy surface was calculated by fitting the sampled ab initio points without any scaling factor for the correlation energy part using a neutral network function method. Extensive dynamics calculations have been carried out on the potential energy surface. The reaction rate constants, integral cross sections, product rotational states distribution, and forward and backward scattering as a function of collision energy of the F + HD → HF + D, F + HD → DF + H, and F + H2 reaction, were calculated by the time-independent quantum dynamics scattering theory using the new surface. The satisfactory agreement with the reported experimental observations previously demonstrates the accuracy of the new potential energy surface.

Low-energy rotational inelastic collisions of H+ + CO system

The quantum mechanical state-to-state rotational excitation cross sections have been computed using the ab initio ground electronic state potential energy surface of the system [M. Mladenovic and S. Schmatz, J. Chem. Phys. 109, 4456 (1998)] computed at coupled-cluster single and double and triple perturbative excitations method using correlation-consistent polarized valence quadruple zeta basis set where the asymptotic potential have been computed using the dipole moment, quadrupole moment, and the molecular polarizability components and fitted to this interaction potential. The anisotropy of the surface has been analyzed in terms of the multipolar expansion coefficients for the rigid-rotor surface. The integral cross sections for rotational excitations have been computed by solving close-coupled equations at very low collision energies (5-200 cm(-1)) and the corresponding rates have been obtained for a range of low temperatures (5-175 K). The j = 0 → j(') = 1 rotational excitation cross section (and rate) is found to be the dominant followed by the j = 0 → j(') = 2 in these collision energies. The close-coupling, coupled-state, and infinite-order sudden approximations coupling calculations have been performed in the energy range of 0.1-1.0 eV using vibrational ground potential. The rotational cross sections have been obtained by performing computationally accurate close-coupling calculations at 0.1 eV using vibrationally averaged potential (ν = 1) and compared with the results of vibrational ground potential.

Ab Initio Potential Energy Surfaces for Both the Ground (X̃1A′) and Excited (A∼1A′′) Electronic States of HSiBr and the Absorption and Emission Spectra of HSiBr/DSiBr

Ab initio potential energy surfaces for the ground (X̃1A′) and excited (A˜A′′1) electronic states of HSiBr were obtained by using the single and double excitation coupled-cluster theory with a noniterative perturbation treatment of triple excitations and the multireference configuration interaction with Davidson correction, respectively, employing an augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence quadruple zeta basis set. The calculated vibrational energy levels of HSiBr and DSiBr of the ground and excited electronic states are in excellent agreement with the available experimental band origins. In addition, the absorption and emission spectra of HSiBr and DSiBr were calculated using an efficient single Lanczos propagation method and are in good agreement with the available experimental observations.

Global ab initio potential energy surfaces for both the ground ($\tilde X{^1}A^{\prime} $X̃1A′) and excited ($\tilde A^1 A^{\prime \prime} $Ã1A′′) electronic states of HNO and vibrational states of the Renner-Teller $\tilde A^1 A^{\prime \prime} $Ã1A′′–$\tilde X{^1}A^{\prime} $X̃1A′system

The global potential energy surfaces for both the ground (X̃(1)A(')) and excited (Ã(1)A('')) electronic states of the HNO molecule have been constructed by three-dimensional cubic spline interpolation of more than 17,000 ab initio points, which have been calculated at the internal contracted multi-reference configuration interaction level with the Davidson correction using an augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence quadruple zeta basis set. The low-lying vibrational energy levels for the two electronic states of HNO have also been calculated on our potential energy surfaces including the diagonal Renner-Teller terms. The calculated results have shown a good agreement with the experimental vibrational frequencies of HNO and its isotopomers.

New ab initio potential energy surfaces for both the ground (X̃1A′) and excited (Ã1A″) electronic states of HSiCl and the absorption and emission spectra of HSiCl/DSiCl

New ab initio potential energy surfaces for the ground (X̃1A') and excited (Ã1A″) electronic states of HSiCl were obtained by using the single and double excitation coupled-cluster theory with a noniterative perturbation treatment of triple excitations and the multi-reference configuration interaction with Davidson correction, respectively, employing an augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence quadruple zeta basis set. For the excited state Ã1A″, an extended active space (18 electrons in 12 orbitals) was used. The calculated vibrational energy levels of HSiCl and DSiCl of the ground and excited electronic states are in better agreement with the available experimental values than the previous theoretical results. In addition, with the calculated transition dipole moment, the absorption and emission spectra of HSiCl and DSiCl were calculated using an efficient single Lanczos propagation method and are in reasonable agreement with the available observed spectra.

Determination of a silane intermolecular force field potential model from anab initiocalculation

Intermolecular interaction potentials of the silane dimer in 12 orientations have been calculated by using the Hartree-Fock (HF) self-consistent theory and the second-order M\o{}ller-Plesset (MP2) perturbation theory. We employed basis sets from Pople's medium-size basis sets [up to 6-$311+$$+$$G$($3\mathit{df}$, $3\mathit{pd}$)] and Dunning's correlation consistent basis sets (up to the triply augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence quadruple-zeta basis set). We found that the minimum energy orientations were the $G$ and $H$ conformers. We have suggested that the Si-H attractions, the central silicon atom size, and electronegativity play essential roles in weakly binding of a silane dimer. The calculated MP2 potential data were employed to parametrize a five-site force field for molecular simulations. The Si-Si, Si-H, and H-H interaction parameters in a pairwise-additive, site-site potential model for silane molecules were regressed from the ab initio energies.

Acceptor Tunneling Motion and O−H Stretching Vibration Overtones of the Water Dimer

We have carried out a detailed investigation of the acceptor tunneling in the water dimer. This motion is responsible for the largest splitting of vibrational states in the dimer, the so-called acceptor splitting. Our results confirm that this splitting is due to a coupled 2-fold motion: The internal rotation of the donor with respect to the O-O axis, and the wagging of the acceptor. The minimum potential energy path along the corresponding coordinate was computed using the coupled-cluster ab initio with single, double, and perturbative triple excitations (CCSD(T)) method and the augmented correlation consistent polarized valence quadruple zeta basis set (aug-cc-pVQZ). The pure acceptor tunneling energy levels were obtained by the variational method with a free rotor basis. The acceptor splittings associated with the O-H stretching overtone states of the water dimer were calculated with a simple model which employs adiabatic separation between the tunneling motion and high-frequency vibrations.

An ab initio global potential-energy surface for NH2(A2A′) and vibrational spectrum of the Renner–Teller A2A′-X2A″ system

A global potential-energy surface for the first excited electronic state of NH(2)(A(2)A(')) has been constructed by three-dimensional cubic spline interpolation of more than 20,000 ab initio points, which were calculated at the multireference configuration-interaction level with the Davidson correction using the augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence quadruple-zeta basis set. The (J=0) vibrational energy levels for the ground (X(2)A(")) and excited (A(2)A(')) electronic states of NH(2) were calculated on our potential-energy surfaces with the diagonal Renner-Teller terms. The results show a good agreement with the experimental vibrational frequencies of NH(2) and its isotopomers.

Ab Initio Potential Energy Surfaces for the Ground (X̃1A′) and Excited (Ã1A′′) Electronic States of HGeBr and the Absorption and Emission Spectra of HGeBr/DGeBr

We report global potential energy surfaces for both the ground (X(1)A') and the excited (A(1)A'') electronic states of HGeBr as well as the transition dipole moment surface between them using an internally contracted multireference configuration interaction method with the Davidson correction and an augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence quadruple-zeta basis set. Vibrational energy levels of HGeBr and DGeBr are calculated on both the ground and the excited electronic states and found in good agreement with the available experimental band origins. In addition, the A(1)A''-X(1)A' absorption and emission spectra of the two isotopomers were obtained, and an excellent agreement with the available experimental spectra was found.

Ab initio potential energy surfaces for both the ground (X̃ A1′) and excited (Ã A1″) electronic states of HGeCl and the absorption and emission spectra of HGeCl/DGeCl

Potential energy surfaces for the ground (X (1)A(')) and excited (A (1)A(")) electronic states of HGeCl and the transition dipole moment surface were obtained using an internally contracted multireference configuration interaction method with the Davidson correction and an augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence quadruple zeta basis set. Calculated vibrational energy levels of HGeCl and DGeCl on both the ground and excited electronic states are in excellent agreement with available experimental data. In addition, the absorption and emission spectra of both HGeCl and DGeCl were obtained using an efficient single Lanczos propagation method and the agreement with experimental spectra is also excellent.

Calculation of the O−H Stretching Vibrational Overtone Spectrum of the Water Dimer

The O-H stretching vibrational overtone spectrum of the water dimer has been calculated with the dimer modeled as two individually vibrating monomer units. Vibrational term values and absorption intensities have been obtained variationally with a computed dipole moment surface and an internal coordinate Hamiltonian, which consists of exact kinetic energy operators within the Born-Oppenheimer approximation of the monomer units. Three-dimensional ab initio potential energy and dipole moment surfaces have been calculated using the internal coordinates of the monomer units using the coupled cluster method including single, double, and perturbative triple excitations [CCSD(T)] with the augmented correlation consistent valence triple zeta basis set (aug-cc-pVTZ). The augmented correlation consistent valence quadruple zeta basis set (aug-cc-pVQZ), counterpoise correction, basis set extrapolation to the complete basis set limit, relativistic corrections, and core and valence electron correlations effects have been included in one-dimensional potential energy surface cuts. The aim is both to investigate the level of ab initio and vibrational calculations necessary to produce accurate results when compared with experiment and to aid the detection of the water dimer under atmospheric conditions.

A newab initiopotential-energy surface for NH2(XA″2) and quantum studies of NH2 vibrational spectrum and rate constant for the N(D2)+H2→NH+H reaction

A new global potential-energy surface for the ground electronic state of NH(2)(X (2)A(")) has been constructed by three-dimensional cubic spline interpolation of more than 20 000 ab initio points, which were calculated at the multireference configuration-interaction level with Davidson correction using the augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence quadruple-zeta basis set. The new potential is shown to yield better overall agreement with the experimental vibrational frequencies of NH(2) and its isotopomers. In addition, the rate constant for the N((2)D)+H(2)(X (1)Sigma(g) (+))-->NH(X (3)Sigma(-))+H((2)S) reaction was calculated up to 600 K and the agreement with experimental data is substantially improved over previous results.

Study of the Xe–NH3 van der Waals complex: High-resolution microwave spectra and ab initio calculations

An ab initio potential energy surface of the Xe-NH(3) van der Waals complex was constructed at the coupled cluster level of theory with single, double, and pertubatively included triple excitations. The small-core pseudopotential and augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence quadruple-zeta basis set was used for the Xe atom and Dunning's augmented correlation-consistent polarized valence triple-zeta basis set for the other atoms. The basis sets were supplemented with midbond functions. Rotational spectra of the Xe-NH(3) van der Waals complex were recorded using a pulsed-nozzle Fourier transform microwave spectrometer. Rotational transitions within two internal rotor states, namely, the Sigma0(0) and Pi1(1) (lower) states, were measured and assigned to the Xe-(14)NH(3) and Xe-(15)NH(3) isotopologues. For the deuterated isotopologues, only the Sigma0(0) states were observed. Two inversion components were observed for each state except for the "s" component of the Sigma0(0) state of the Xe-(14)NH(3) and Xe-(15)NH(3) isotopologues, which has a spin statistical weight of zero. Nuclear quadrupole hyperfine structures arising from the (14)N (nuclear spin angular momentum quantum number I=1) and (131)Xe (I=32) nuclei were detected and analyzed. The observed spectra suggest that the Pi1(1) (lower) state has lower energy than the unobserved Sigma1(1) state, in contrast to the case of Ar-NH(3).

Accurate ab initio computation of thermochemical data for C 3H x[formula omitted] species

We have computed the atomization energies of nineteen C 3H x molecules and radicals using explicitly-correlated coupled-cluster theory including corrections for core–core and core–valence correlation, scalar and spin–orbit relativistic effects, and anharmonic vibrational zero-point energies. Equilibrium geometries were obtained at the coupled-cluster level [CCSD(T) model] in a correlation-consistent polarized core–valence quadruple-zeta basis set, using a spin-restricted Hartree–Fock reference wave function, and including all electrons in the correlation treatment. Applied to a set of selected CH x and C 2H x systems, our approach yields highly accurate atomization energies with a mean absolute deviation of 1.4 kJ/mol and a maximum deviation of 4.2 kJ/mol (for dicarbon) from the Active Thermochemical Tables (ATcT) values. The explicitly-correlated coupled-cluster approach provides energies near the basis-set limit of the CCSD(T) model, which is the coupled-cluster model with single and double excitations (CCSD) augmented with a perturbative correction for triple excitations (T). To obtain even more accurate atomization energies than those presented here, it would be required to include full triple excitations (CCSDT) and corrections for excitations beyond triples, as for instance done in the CCSDT(Q) model, which includes a perturbative correction for quadruple excitations (Q).