Vaccinium Myrtillus Extract Research Articles

Protective Effect of Vaccinium myrtillus Extract on X-Ray Irradiation-Induced Retinal Toxicity via eNOS and 8-OHdG expression

Every year, hundreds of thousands of cancer patients receive radiotherapy treatment. Oxidative stress is observed in healthy tissues due to irradiation exposure. The present study is the first to address the effects of Vaccinium myrtillus (whortleberry, WB) against the effects of X-ray irradiation on retinal tissue. Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups: (1) control group: rats without any treatment, (2) X-ray irradiation group: 8 Gray (Gy) RT for 2 days, (3) 100 mg WB extract + X-ray irradiation group: 8 Gy irradiation for 2 days and followed by intraperitoneal (IP) WB extract (100 mg/kg) supplementation for 10 days, (4) 200 mg WB extract + X-ray irradiation group: 8 Gy irradiation for 2 days and followed by IP WB extract (200 mg/kg) supplementation for 10 days. Eyes were enucleated on the 10th day after RT for histopathological, immunohistochemical (8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine [8-OHdG], endothelial nitric oxide synthase [eNOS]), and biochemical analyses (glutathione peroxidase [GSH], and malondialdehyde [MDA]). The GSH levels significantly decreased and MDA levels and 8-OHdG staining increased after X-ray irradiation compared to the control group. Combined X-ray irradiation + WB treatment significantly increased GSH levels and significantly decreased MDA production and 8-OHdG staining. However, eNOS staining was not affected in any of the groups. Besides, X-ray irradiation significantly increased cell losses and edematous areas. The WB significantly reversed the cellular damage in ganglion cells, inner nuclear, and outer nuclear layers in quantitative analyses. The X-ray irradiation caused significant retinal impairment, and additional WB therapy provided protective effects against radiation-induced retinopathy. These results may suggest WB extract as an adjuvant therapy to reverse retinal impairments after X-ray irradiation.

Diyabetik Sıçanlarda Vaccinium myrtillus'un Paraoksonaz Aktivitesi, Bazı Biyokimyasal Parametreler ve Pankreas Fonksiyonları Üzerindeki Koruyucu Etkisi

Objective: Diabetes is one of the biggest problems in the field of public health in the world. Vaccinium myrtillus L. extract, among the medicinal plants, has powerful antioxidant activity. For this aim, the possible effects of Vacillus myrtillus extract on serum paraoxonase (PON1), pancreatic enzyme levels, and lipid levels in experimental diabetic rats were investigated.
 Material and Method: A total of 32 male rats (Wistar albino) were used in this study and divided into four groups. Control (C), diabetic (D), Vaccinium myrtillus (VM), diabetes plus Vaccinium myrtillus (DVM) groups. In D and DVM groups, experimental diabetes was induced using a single dose of intraperitoneal 45 mg/kg streptozotocin. Vaccinium myrtillus extract was administered as 1.2 mg/kg/21 days by oral gavage in VM and DVM groups. At the end of the study; serum HbA1c, lipid parameters, amylase, lipase, and paraoxonase (PON1) enzymes were analyzed.
 Results: HbA1c was significantly reduced in diabetic groups treated with VM (VM and DVM). Cholesterol, LDL-C, and VLDL-C levels were significantly reduced after VM was administered to diabetic subjects, while other lipids were found to decrease insignificantly. Vaccinium myrtillus extract caused a slight decrease in pancreatic enzymes and a statistically significant increase in paraoxonase enzyme in the DVM group compared to group D.
 Conclusion: The obtained data support that Vaccinium myrtillus extract may play a potential protective role in preventing diabetes-associated complications.

Effect of Vaccinium Myrtillus Extract Supplement on Advanced Glycation End-products: A Pilot Study (P06-098-19)

ObjectivesExcessive consumption of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) with western-style diet in vogue is increasingly seen as a potential cause of aging and metabolic diseases. Several berries contain appreciable quantities of bioactive phytonutrients, including phenolic compounds, which are potentially good candidates as AGE inhibitors. This parallel double-blind intervention study investigated whether the Vaccinium Myrtillus extract supplement is able to reduce the AGEs levels in humans. (clinicaltrials.gov NCT03316612) MethodsSeventy-four healthy subjects were randomly assigned to an intervention group (4 tablets per day, containing 600 mg Vaccinium Myrtillus extract, n = 39) versus placebo group (tablets with the same appearance but without the berry extract, n = 35). We evaluated dietary intake, sleep, exercise, mental state, and anthropometric characteristics over the 3 months of intervention. Plasma soluble receptor for AGE (sRAGE) levels were determined by ELISA (R&D). Plasma protein-bound AGEs, including Nε-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) and Nε-(carboxyethyl)lysine (CEL), were determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. ResultsDietary intake, sleep, exercise, mental state, anthropometric characteristics, and plasma sRAGE levels were not changed during the intervention in two groups. CML levels [1137.5 (918.5–1493.0) vs. 840.9 (757.4–953.8) μg/L, P < 0.001] decreased significantly in the intervention group compared with the placebo group. However, we did not observe a significant change of CEL levels [201.9 (168.5–236.3) vs.176.8 (147.1–212.6) μg/L, P = 0.067] in the intervention group. ConclusionsOur results suggest that plasma protein-bound AGEs can be reduced partly by Vaccinium Myrtillus extract supplement. As widely available, safe and nutritious foods, berries with rich phenolic metabolites (particularly anthocyanins) represent a promising dietary intervention worthy of further investigation. Funding SourcesNutrition Scientific Research Foundation of BY-HEALTH. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs▪

Clinical evaluation of Ribes nigrum and Vaccinium myrtillus extract on the healing of gingivectomy wounds

Background : Wound healing following gingivectomy is a complex process that is affected by a variety of factors. Whenever possible, rapid healing and a pain –free postoperative period are desirable after any surgical procedure. A topical gel containing Ribes nigrum and Vaccinium myrtillus extracts (Vitrocure®) was found to possess antiseptic, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Aim: The current study attempted to evaluate the efficacy of this gel on postoperative wound healing and pain control after gingivectomy. Material and methods: The study included 20 gingivectomy cases divided into : Group-1 (Test group): comprised 10 cases where the gingivectomy sites were covered by the gel and cyanoacrylate dressing, post operatively. Group-2 (Control group) : comprised 10 cases that were covered by cyanoacrylate only. Healing was assessed using the healing index of Laundry. Pain was assessed using a numerical pain index . Results: The test group demonstrated superior healing when compared to control at one and two weeks, postoperatively. Moreover, patients reported less postoperative pain in the first five days after surgery in comparison to control group.

The Effects of Vaccinium myrtillus Extract on Hamster Pial Microcirculation during Hypoperfusion-Reperfusion Injury.

IntroductionThe present study was aimed to assess the in vivo hamster pial microvessel alterations due to 30 min transient bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) and reperfusion (60 min); moreover, the neuroprotective effects of Vaccinium myrtillus extract, containing 34.7% of anthocyanins, were investigated.Materials and MethodsTwo groups of male hamsters were used: the first fed with control diet and the other with Vaccinium myrtillus supplemented diet. Hamster pial microcirculation was visualized by fluorescence microscopy through an open cranial window. Pial arterioles were classified according to Strahler’s method.ResultsIn age-matched control diet-fed hamsters, BCCAO caused a decrease in diameter of all arterioles. At the end of reperfusion, the reduction of diameter in order 3 arterioles was by 8.4 ± 3.1%, 10.8 ± 2.3% and 12.1 ± 1.1% of baseline in the 2, 4 and 6 month control diet-fed hamsters, respectively. Microvascular permeability and leukocyte adhesion were markedly enhanced, while perfused capillary length (PCL) decreased. The response to acetylcholine and papaverine topical application was impaired; 2’-7’-dichlorofluoresceine-diacetate assay demonstrated a significant ROS production. At the end of BCCAO, in age-matched Vaccinium myrtillussupplemented diet-fed hamsters, the arteriolar diameter did not significantly change compared to baseline. After 60 min reperfusion, order 3 arterioles dilated by 9.3 ± 2.4%, 10.6 ± 3.1% and 11.8 ± 2.7% of baseline in the 2, 4 and 6 month Vaccinium myrtillus supplemented diet-fed hamsters, respectively. Microvascular leakage and leukocyte adhesion were significantly reduced in all groups according to the time-dependent treatment, when compared with the age-matched control diet-fed hamsters. Similarly, the reduction in PCL was progressively prevented. Finally, the response to acetylcholine and papaverine topical application was preserved and there was no significant increase in ROS production in all groups.ConclusionsIn conclusion, Vaccinium myrtillusextract protected pial microcirculation during hypoperfusion-reperfusion, preventing vasoconstriction, microvascular permeability, leukocyte adhesion, reduction in PCL and preserving the endothelium function.

Protective effect of Vaccinium myrtillus extract against UVA- and UVB-induced damage in a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT cells)

Recently, the field of skin protection have shown a considerable interest in the use of botanicals. Vaccinium myrtillus contains several polyphenols and anthocyanins with multiple pharmacological properties. The purpose of our study was to examine whether a water-soluble V. myrtillus extract (dry matter 12.4%; total polyphenols 339.3mg/100gfw; total anthocyanins 297.4mg/100gfw) was able to reduce UVA- and UVB-induced damage using a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). HaCaT cells were pretreated for 1h with extract in a serum-free medium and then irradiated with UVA (8–40J/cm2) and UVB (0.008–0.72J/cm2) rays. All experiments were performed 24h after the end of irradiation, except for oxidative stress tests. The extract was able to reduce the UVB-induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity (studied by comet and micronucleous assays) at lower doses. V. myrtillus extract reduced lipid peroxidation UVB-induced, but had no effect against the ROS UVB-produced. With UVA-induced damage V. myrtillus reduced genotoxicity as well as the unbalance of redox intracellular status. Moreover our extract reduced the UVA-induced apoptosis, but had no effect against the UVB one. V. myrtillus extract showed its free radical scavenging properties reducing oxidative stress and apoptotic markers, especially in UVA-irradiated cells.

Vaccinium Myrtillus extract protects against UVA- and UVB-induced damage in HaCaT keratinocytes

Vaccinium Myrtillus extract protects against UVA- and UVB-induced damage in HaCaT keratinocytes

Outcomes in patients with nonerosive reflux disease treated with a proton pump inhibitor and alginic acid &amp;plusmn; glycyrrhetinic acid and anthocyanosides

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of alginic acid alone versus alginic acid combined with low doses of pure glycyrrhetinic acid and bilberry anthocyanosides as an addon to conventional proton pump inhibitor therapy in relieving symptoms associated with nonerosive reflux disease.MethodsThis prospective, randomized, 8-week, open-label trial was conducted at two centers. Sixty-three patients with persistent symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease and normal upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were eligible for the study. Patients in group A (n = 31) were treated with pantoprazole and a formula (Mirgeal®) containing alginic acid and low doses of pure glycyrrhetinic acid + standardized Vaccinium myrtillus extract for 4 weeks, then crossed over to the multi-ingredient formula for a further 4 weeks. Patients in group B (n = 32) were treated pantoprazole and alginic acid alone twice daily, then crossed over to alginic acid twice daily for a further 4 weeks. Efficacy was assessed by medical evaluation of a symptom relief score, estimated using a visual analog scale (0–10). Side effects, tolerability, and compliance were also assessed.ResultsOf the 63 patients enrolled in the study, 58 (29 in group A and 29 in group B) completed the 8-week trial. The baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups. During the study, significant differences were recorded in symptom scores for both groups. In group A, symptoms of chest pain, heartburn, and abdominal swelling were less serious than in group B. Treatment A was better tolerated, did not induce hypertension, and had fewer side effects than treatment B. No significant differences in compliance were found between the two groups.ConclusionUse of low doses of pure glycyrrhetinic acid + bilberry anthocyanosides, together with alginic acid as addon therapy, substantially improves symptoms in patients with nonerosive reflux disease without increasing side effects or worsening tolerability or compliance.

THE EFFECT OF VACCINIUM MYRTILLUS AND VACCINUM VITIS-IDAEA FRUITS EXTRACTS ON THE ANTIOXIDANT SYSTEM OF MAMALIAN ORGANISMS

SUMMARY The present paper deals with the study of some Vaccinium myrtillus and Vaccinum vitis-idaea fruits extracts effects on the antioxidant system of guinea pigs. Both extracts stimulated the antioxidant system of the cells: it doesnt not effect the normal function of the liver and stimulates the absorption of calcium and phosphorus. Especially; Vaccinum myrtil us stimulates the haemoglobine synthesis and also the iron absorption. It is a much more antioxidant as Vaccinum vitis-idaea as there were registered lower levels of malondial dehide (MDA) respectively higher concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) in comparison with the Vaccinum vitis-idaea . In the same time lower activities of superoxid di smutase (SOD); glutathione peroxidase (G-px) and glutathione reduc tase (G-red) were registered in the treatment with Vaccinum myrtilus extract. Free radicals; respectively reactive species of t he oxigen (ROS) in physiological concentration are stimulating the development and t he cell division. A mutation at cell level can be the cause of permanent deviation of the oxid ative reactions with RSO development in excess. In very large doses; ROS lead to apoptosis. As there are quite few studies in this field; in the present work we study the antioxidant proper ties of some Vaccinium myrtillus and Vaccinum vitis-idaea fruits extracts on the antioxidant system of guine a pigs; as a possible oxidative stress barrier as both of the extracts co ntain antioxidant components as flavonoides; antocianines; etc. The experiment was carried on 36 adult female guinea pigs (divided in three groups) and maintained in good physiological conditions. Th ey were divided in three groups. Each group included 12 guinea pigs.L1- control; received tap water ad libitum during 14 days; L2 - received during 14 days 0.5 ml i.m. of the Vaccinium myrtillus extrac t; L3- received during 14 days 0.5 ml i.m. of the Vaccinium vitis-idaea extract After 14 days blood (on heparine); by cardiac punction and tissue samples were collect ed under general narcosis from L1; L2 and L3. The data are presented as means ± S.D. values. ANOVA; TTest were used. The best antioxidant properties has the Vaccinium myrtillus extract as it maintained a normal function of the liver (GPT; GOT and GGT were situated in normal values) and stimulates the absorption of calcium and phosphorus ; the haemoglobine synthesis and also the

Clinical Evaluation of Patients with Nonproliferative Diabetic Retinopathy Following Medication of Anthocyanoside: Multicenter Study

Purpose: To prospectively investigate the change of clinical manifestations after 1 year of administration of anthocyanoside (Tagen-F®) to patients with NPDR-associated macular edema. Methods: One hundred seventy-five eyes in 88 patients were enrolled in this study, at 5 centers, from March, 2005 to October, 2005. Patients took 3 capsules of Vaccinium myrtillus extract (170 mg/capsule, Tagen-F®, Kukje pharmaceutical) per day. The primary endpoints were corrected visual acuity and contrast sensitivity which were checked at 2 months following the beginning of treatment [East 1]. The secondary endpoints were the number of hard exudates, microaneurysms, leaking points and the changes of foveal thickness. These were examined at the beginning of, 6 months after, and 12 months after treatment. Results: Corrected visual acuity showed no significant changes during 12 months. Contrast sensitivity improved gradually, especially in 12, 16 cycles per degree [East 2]. There was no statistically significant changes in the numbers of hard exudates, microaneurysms, and leaking points. Foveal thickness measured by OCT was maintained and there was no aggravation of macular edema. Conclusions: There was marked improvement of contrast sensitivity in patients with NPDR after 1 year of administration of anthocyanoside (Tagen-F®), and it might contribute to the quality of vision and the satisfaction of patients. Visual acuity and macular edema were maintained without aggravation.

Qualitative and quantitative evaluation of vaccinium myrtillus anthocyanins by high-resolution gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography

An analytical method for the separation and characterization of anthocyanins in Vaccinium myrtillus extracts has been developed based on capillary gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. In addition, a method involving reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography for the quantitative evaluation of anthocyanins in these pharmacologically important extracts is presented.