The nature of the interface, the orientation relationship of β-SiC whisker (β-SiCw)-Al combination, and the misfit dislocation structures at the β-SiCw-Al interfaces in a β-SiCw-Al composite have been observed by a high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). It was shown that quite a good bonding between the whisker and the aluminium was achieved due largely to the lattice match between SiC and aluminium at the interfaces. The orientation relationship between the whisker and the aluminium was {002}SiC∥{111}Al; 〈110〉SiC∥〈110〉Al. The interface was clean, faceted and semicoherent. The misfit dislocation cores were located in the whisker side away from the β-SiCw-Al interfaces.