UV-Vis Techniques Research Articles

Influence of ion beam on the surface characteristics and structural properties of PVA/TiO2 films

This work used the solution-casting preparation method to create flexible polymer composite materials including titanium dioxide (TiO2) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Then, using a wide-beam homemade cold-cathode ion generator, the samples were irradiated with oxygen fluences of 4 × 1016, 8 × 1016 and 12 × 1016 ions/cm2. Using the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, contact angle and X-ray diffraction techniques, the successful production of PVA/titanium dioxide composite films was evaluated. The effects of ion exposure on the optical behavior were determined using the ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy technique. The PVA/titanium dioxide dispersion energy was 1.75 eV. It increased to 2.21, 2.66 and 3.12 eV with irradiation of 4 × 1016, 8 × 1016 and 12 × 1016 ions/cm2, respectively. Moreover, the refractive index (n 0) of PVA/titanium dioxide was 1.18, which increased to 1.25, 1.32 and 1.40, respectively. Moreover, the oscillation energy E 0 reduced from 4.24 eV for the PVA/titanium dioxide composite to 3.84, 3.64 and 3.27 eV, respectively. Consequently, PVA/TiO2 films are treated with ions to change their optical and structural properties, which are then used in a variety of optoelectronic applications.

The application of silver nanoparticles green-formulated by Origanum majorana leaf extract as a hydrazine sensor and treatment of human breast cancer by following the P53 and STAT3 signaling pathways

Silver nanoparticles, because of their large absorption surface and small size, are considered to be intelligent magnetic particles. The advancements in nanotechnology have revolutionized cancer treatment, with silver nanoparticles playing a crucial role in this field. In a recent experiment, the effects of Ag nanoparticles formulated from Origanum majorana on breast cancer cells were investigated. It was found that these nanoparticles induce apoptosis through the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 and P53 signaling pathways. The nanoparticle characterization was conducted using FE-SEM, XRD, and UV–Vis techniques. Furthermore, the Ag nanoparticles exhibited significant antioxidant activity by preventing 50% of DPPH at 183 μg/mL. The MTT assay revealed the anti-breast carcinoma properties of silver NPs on MCF-7, T-47D, and SkBr3 cells. The outcomes demonstrated that as the nanoparticle concentration increased, the cancer cells survival percentage reduced for 3 days. The most effective anticancer effect was observed at 1000 μg/ml. MTT findings indicate that a concentration of nanoparticles at IC50 = 97, 186, and 180 μg/ml effectively targets 50% of MCF-7, T-47D, and SkBr3 breast carcinoma cells. The presence of silver NPs induces cell apoptosis, which is with the Bax markers regulation and the pro-apoptotic cleaved caspase-8 upregulation, while the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 marker is downregulated. Besides, silver NPs inhibit the formation of colonies. Molecular pathway analysis of breast cells treated with silver NPs reveals an increase in p53 expression, while the total and phosphorylated STAT3 expression is inhibited, suggesting that p53 and STAT3 have a notable role in the remedial efficacies of silver NPs on breast carcinoma cells. Additionally, the Ag nanoparticles exhibit high sensitivity in the hydrazine electrochemical detection, a potentially carcinogenic substance, with a detection limit of 0.25 μM. The developed sensor, utilizing Ag nanoparticles, shows great promise for the environmental monitoring of hydrazine due to its excellent catalytic performance and simple preparation process. Based on clinical research, recent silver nanoparticles have emerged as a viable option for breast cancer treatment.

Nanocrystal Structure of Minoxidil: A Safe Stimulator for Hair Growth Factor for C57BL/6 Mice.

Commercial Minoxidil (MXD) is commonly used as a vasodilator agent of hair follicles for providing direct dermal papilla cell proliferation and consequently enhancing the rate of hair growth. The current study attempted to improve the bioactivity and water solubility of MXD by producing nanocrystal structures and investigating the obtained hair growthstimulating activity on C57BL/6 mice. The MXD nanoparticles (MXD-NPs) were prepared through a bead mill and ultrasonic process and characterized by DLS, XRD, UV-Vis, FTIR, FESEM, TEM, and Zeta-potential techniques. The cytotoxicity of MXD-NPs was studied on human dermal fibroblast (HDF) by MTT assay. Lastly, we analyzed the comparative hair growth inductive activity of certain MXD-NPs concentrations on C57BL/6 mice. The stabled MXD-NPs (-46 mV, 21.9 nm) caused a significant increase in the hair growth rate of C57BL/6 mice by running a safe site-specific delivery mechanism on the targeted pilosebaceous follicles when compared to MXD. The MXD-NPs-receiving mice exhibited a greater rate of anagen/telogen follicular when compared with MXD-treated types, which verified the improvement of their hair re-growing and follicular-stimulative activities. Therefore, these outcomes confirmed the potential of MXD-NPs for substituting its commercial solution format as a safe and efficient iso-formulation structure.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B under UV Light Catalyzed by Alpha Titanium Phosphate and Metal Modified Titanium Phosphate

Wastewater management is a crucial issue in most emergent nations with ever-growing global industrialization. From textiles to food, mankind uses dyes and pigments which pose a threat to the environment due to organic non-biodegradable dyes contained in wastewater. Rhodamine B (RhB) is a conventional colorant in many industries producing a large amount of dye effluent, thus becoming a serious threat to the environment as well as human health. Additionally, RhB is dangerous even at extremely low quantities, making treatment of the RhB effluent more essential. Even though TiO2 is considered as the best photocatalyst to remove many organic pollutants, acceptable alternatives are needed due to being uneconomical in large-scale usage. Synthesis of titanium bismonohydrogen orthophosphate (α-TiP) can be achieved by refluxing ilmenite with phosphoric acid via a previously reported novel method. Solid state reactions of α-TiP and oxides of Co and Cu at 800° C result in various metal titanium phosphates (M-TiP) with unique colors. XRD, FTIR, and Diffuse reflectance UV-vis techniques were used for characterization of the obtained solids. Bandgap of α-TiP changed with the modification of different transition metal cations lowering bandgap from 4.01eV (α-TiP) to 3.57 eV (Cu-TiP). Aqueous RhB degradation under UV irradiation was used to investigate the photocatalytic abilities of these catalysts. For that 0.2 g sample of catalyst was added to a solution that contained 200 mL of a 5 mg L-1 Rh B which was kept for 15 mins in dark to reach adsorption-desorption equilibrium before exposing the sample to UV irradiation for 3 h. A clear enhancement of photocatalytic activity was observed from using Co- TiP as the catalyst, which only took around 80 min to remove almost all Rh B contained in the sample compared to α-TiP which took close to 3 h to become colorless. It was in alignment with spectrometer results where a clear reduction of intensity can be seen in wavelength at 552 nm. Photocatalytic activities of these catalysts decreased in the following order: Co-TiP>α-TiP>Cu-TiP. The Co-modified TiP showed degradation of 99.5% after 3 h of UV irradiation and pseudo first- order kinetics were followed by the degradation. 
 Keywords: Titanium Phosphate, Photocatalyst, Rhodamine B, Wastewater management

PLA/CS-ZnO bionanocomposite for rapid catalytic reduction of nitrophenol compounds as a heterogeneous nanocatalyst.

In this research, a high efficiency and environmentally friendly method to reduce nitrophenol compounds such as 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (2,4,6-TNP) and 2,4-dinitrophenol (2,4-DNP) was used in the presence of poly(lactic acid)/chitosan-ZnO ( PLA/CS-ZnO) bionanocomposite. Using FT-IR, SEM, XRD and UV-Vis techniques, PLA/CS-ZnO bionanocomposite was identified after synthesis. Also, the mechanical properties of the bionanocomposite were investigated using the stress-strain curve. The mentioned bionanocomposite showed a very good efficiency in reducing nitrophenol compounds to aminophenolic compounds, so that under optimal conditions, 100% conversion and selectivity in the reduction of 4-NP, 2,4,6-TNP and 2,4-DNP to 4-aminophenol (4-AP), 2,4,6-triaminophenol (2,4,6-TAP) and 2,4-diaminophenol (2,4-DAP) were observed. UV-Vis absorption spectrum at different times were used to evaluate the progress of the reaction. Furthermore, after the reaction, PLA/CS-ZnO was recovered and used for the next cycle. The results showed that the bionanocomposite can perform ten consecutive cycles without a significant decrease in efficiency. The comparison of catalytic activity with other catalysts showed that the bionanocomposite synthesized in the present research has a higher efficiency in reduction of nitrophenol compounds.

Dual-Responsive Hydrogels for Mercury Ion Detection and Removal from Wastewater.

This study describes the development of a fast and cost-effective method for the detection and removal of Hg2+ ions from aqueous media, consisting of hydrogels incorporating chelating agents and a rhodamine derivative (to afford a qualitative evaluation of the heavy metal entrapment inside the 3D polymeric matrix). These hydrogels, designed for the simultaneous detection and entrapment of mercury, were obtained through the photopolymerization of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPSA) and N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP), utilizing N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA) as crosslinker, in the presence of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a rhodamine B derivative, and one of the following chelating agents: phytic acid, 1,3-diamino-2-hydroxypropane-tetraacetic acid, triethylenetetramine-hexaacetic acid, or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt. The rhodamine derivative had a dual purpose in this study: firstly, it was incorporated into the hydrogel to allow the qualitative evaluation of mercury entrapment through its fluorogenic switch-off abilities when sensing Hg2+ ions; secondly, it was used to quantitatively evaluate the level of residual mercury from the decontaminated aqueous solutions, via the UV-Vis technique. The ICP-MS analysis of the hydrogels also confirmed the successful entrapment of mercury inside the hydrogels and a good correlation with the UV-Vis method.

On-Off-On Fluorometric Detection of Hg(II) and L-Cysteine Using Red Emissive Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Dots for Environmental and Clinical Sample Analysis.

This research introduces a novel fluorescence sensor 'on-off-on' employing nitrogen-doped carbon dots (N-CDs) with an 'on-off-on' mechanism for the selective and sensitive detection of Hg(II) and L-cysteine (L-Cys). N-CDs was synthesized using citric acid as the carbon precursor and urea as the nitrogen source in dimethylformamide (DMF) solvent, resulting in red emissive characteristics under UV light. Comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, including UV-Vis, fluorescence, FT-IR, XRD, XPS, Raman, and Zeta potential techniques, validated the structural and optical characteristics of the synthesized N-CDs. The maximum excitation and emission of N-CDs were observed at 548 and 622nm, respectively. The quantum yield of N-CDs was calculated to be 16.1%. The fluorescence of N-CDs effectively quenches upon the addition of Hg(II) due to the strong coordination between Hg(II) and the surface functionalities of N-CDs. Conversely, upon the subsequent addition of L-Cys, the fluorescence of N-CDs was restored. This restoration can be attributed to the stronger affinity of the -SH group in L-Cys towards Hg(II) relative to the surface functionalities of N-CDs. This dual-mode response enabled the detection of Hg(II) and L-Cys with impressive detection limits of 15.1 nM and 8.0 nM, respectively. This sensor methodology effectively detects Hg(II) in lake water samples and L-Cys levels in human urine, with a recovery range between 99 and 101%. Furthermore, the N-CDs demonstrated excellent stability, high sensitivity, and selectivity, making them a promising fluorescence on-off-on probe for both environmental monitoring of Hg(II) and clinical diagnostics of L-Cys.

Synthesis and Characterization of La2O3–BaO–Na2O–SiO2–Bi2O3 Glass as a Potent Shield Against Ionizing Radiation

In recent years, the scientific community has spent significant effort exploring radiation-shielding glass materials. The present work was conducted by synthesizing a glass series of 20La2O–10BaO –15Na2O–(55−x)SiO2–xBi2O3, x: 0, 5, 15, and 25 wt%. After producing the samples, in-depth studies were performed on the physical, optical, thermal, and radiation attenuation properties of the fabricated glass series. A radical color change from nearly neutral to dark-brown color occurred as Bi2O3 entered the glass network. The density values equaled 2.8324, 2.9511, 3.0992, and 3.3657 g cm−3 for LBSS1 to LBSS4 samples, respectively. According to XRD patterns, neither sharp nor moderate peaks developed; a hump-like formation between 20 and 35 degrees was visible in all glass samples. FTIR measurement revealed transmission as a function of varying wavenumber from 4000 to 400 cm−1 for the prepared glass specimens, and different bond types were noted. The UV–Vis technique removes it displayed that increasing Bi2O3 content blocked light transmission throughout the glass medium. The radiation-shielding parameters of linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), mass attenuation coefficient, transmission factor, and half value layer were calculated with experimental and MC simulation methods for all glass samples at six different energies between 356 and 1332 keV. The results were compared with the Phy-X database, and good agreement was obtained. The highest LACs were obtained at the lowest energy (356 keV) with values of 0.3108, 0.3455, 0.4471, and 0.5486 cm−1 for LBSS1, LBSS2, LBSS3, and LBSS4 glasses, respectively. The photon attenuation ability of the LBSS glasses increased by increasing the Bi2O3 ratio, especially at low energies. Therefore, the authors can conclude that future applications, such as observation window in CT rooms, may efficiently exploit LBBS4 glass system.

The Green Preparation of Mesoporous WO3/SiO2 and Its Application in Oxidative Desulfurization

Recently, supported WO3-based catalysts have been widely used in oxidative desulfurization (ODS) due to their advantages of easy separation, high activity, and being environment-friendly. In this work, supported mesoporous WO3/SiO2 catalysts have been prepared using an incipient-wetness impregnation method with agricultural waste rice husks as both a silicon source and mesoporous template, and phosphotungstic acid as a tungsten source. The effects of different calcination temperatures and WO3 loadings on the ODS performance of samples are studied, and the appropriate calcination temperature and WO3 loading are 923 K and 15.0 wt.%, respectively. The relevant characterization results show that, compared with pure WO3, the specific surface area and mesopore volume of WO3/SiO2 samples are greatly increased. Due to (a) high WO3 loading, (b) high specific surface area, and (c) nanoscale WO3 grains uniformly dispersed on the surface of the mesoporous SiO2 carrier, active sites of WO3/SiO2 catalysts are greatly increased, and their catalytic activities are improved. After the sixth and eighth runs in the ODS of dibenzothiophene and 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene, respectively, the WO3/SiO2 catalyst still maintains high catalytic activity (>99.0%) despite the presence of a partial loss of WO3. In addition, with the aid of the UV-Vis technique, the tungsten-peroxo species, the active intermediates in the ODS reaction catalyzed by the WO3/SiO2 catalyst, are captured. Finally, a possible mechanism for the ODS of bulky organic sulfides using the WO3/SiO2 catalyst is proposed.

Synthesis of bimetallic palladacycles via C[sbnd]H bond activation: Crystal structure, DNA binding and in vitro cytotoxicity study

Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization and in vitro anticancer activity of two μ-Cl and μ-O bridged dimeric cyclometalated palladium(II) complexes having general formula [Pd2(L1)Cl2] (1) and [Pd2(L2)Cl2] (2). The complexes are synthesized via palladium assisted aromatic CH bond activation of coordinating ligands (HL1/HL2) and thoroughly characterized by spectroscopic techniques. X-ray crystal structure analysis has confirmed the square planar geometry of the complexes. DFT and TDDFT results have interpreted the electronic structure and solution spectra of the complexes. Cytotoxicity of the complexes was studied by in vitro model with human gastric cancer cell lines (AGS). Cytotoxicity investigation reveals that the complexes have promising anti-cancer activity, with IC50 values of 13.03 µM and 17.86 µM for 1 and 2, respectively. UV–vis and fluorescence techniques are used to examine how the complexes interact with CT DNA. Fluorescence-based competitive binding analysis with ethidium bromide (EB) indicates that the complexes effectively displace EB from the EB-DNA complex.

Structural characterization and dielectric properties of ternary polyaniline/berlin blue/ruthenium dioxide nanocomposite

ABSTRACT A ternary nanocomposite composed of polyaniline/berlin blue/ruthenium dioxide, i.e. PANI/BB/RuO2 was synthesized through a one-pot process using ammonium persulfate as a strong oxidizing agent in H2SO4 medium. The structure, morphology, thermal and optical properties of unary PANI, BB, RuO2, and ternary PANI/BB/RuO2 nanomaterials were analyzed through FTIR, XRD, FESEM, TGA, and UV-Vis techniques. The FTIR and XRD studies confirmed the formation of ternary nanocomposite. FESEM analysis revealed the homogenous structure with uniform distribution of PANI, BB, and RuO2 nanoparticles in the ternary nanocomposite. From UV-Vis studies, a low optical band gap value was obtained for PANI/BB/RuO2 nanocomposite in comparison to PANI nanoparticles. Further, the dielectric behavior of the unary and ternary nanomaterials was analyzed through various parameters such as dielectric constant, dielectric loss, real and imaginary parts of electric modulus in the frequency range of 10 Hz−1 MHz by varying the temperature. It was found that ternary PANI/BB/RuO2 nanocomposite exhibits high dielectric constant and electric modulus (150°C) compared to unary nanoparticles. Hence, PANI/BB/RuO2 can serve as a suitable dielectric material for energy storage devices such as in solid-state capacitors.

A new mixed-ligand zinc(II) complex of 3-hydroxy and 4-chloro substituted pyridine-2-carboxylic acid: Synthesis, characterization, NLO properties and DFT calculation

Molecular engineering of metal-organic frameworks has recently attracted increasing attention due to their potential technological applications in the fields of optics and photonics. In addition to improved optical properties, the incorporation of metal ions into organic ligands makes it possible to control the intensity and polarization of the incident laser light. This makes organometallic complexes valuable and suitable candidates for nonlinear optical applications. In this study, a novel Zn(II) complex was synthesized by using 4-chloropyridine-2-carboxylic acid (4-Clpca) and 3-hydroxypyridine-2-carboxylic acid (3OHpca). The structural and spectroscopic properties of the Zn(II) complex were examined through XRD, FT-IR and UV-Vis techniques. The HOMO-LUMO energy range for the Zn(II) complex was found to be 4.7358 eV. Nonlinear optical parameters of Zn(II) complex were investigated as static and frequency-dependent (ω = 0.0856453887 au) methods. The dc-Kerr effect γ(-ω;ω,0,0) and EFSHG γ(−2ω;ω,ω,0) parameters were calculated as 13.04 × 10−36 esu and 2258.9 × 10−36 esu, respectively. The newly synthesized Zn(II) complex, which has weak second-order NLO properties due to the fully occupied electronic configuration of the Zn(II) ion, is quite promising in terms of its third-order optical properties.

Thespesia lampas mediated green synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles for enhanced biological applications

The present study investigated the synthesis and biological applications of green, economical, and multifunctional silver and gold nanoparticles (TSAgNPs and TSAuNPs) using the ethnomedical important medicinal plant Thespesia lampas for biological activities. Relatively higher levels of antioxidant components were measured in T. lampas compared to the well-known Adhatoda vasica, and Diplocyclos palmatus suggested the potential of T. lampas for the study. Synthesized TSAgNPs and TSAuNPs were characterized through UV-Vis, XRD, SEM-EDS, HR-TEM, SAED, and FTIR techniques. SEM revealed that TSAgNPs and TSAuNPs were predominantly spherical in shape with 19 ± 7.3 and 43 ± 6.3 nm crystal sizes. The sizes of TSAgNPs and TSAuNPs were found to be12 ± 4.8 and 45 ± 2.9 nm, respectively, according to TEM measurements. The FTIR and phytochemical analyses revealed that the polyphenols and proteins present in T. lampas may act as bio-reducing and stabilizing agents for the synthesis. Synthesized NPs exhibited enhanced scavenging properties for ABTS and DPPH radicals. TSAgNPs and TSAuNPs were able to protect DNA nicking up to 13.48% and 15.38%, respectively, from oxidative stress. TSAgNPs possessed efficient antibacterial activities in a concentration-dependent manner against human pathogenic bacteria, such as E. coli, B. subtilis, P. vulgaris, and S. typhi. Furthermore, TSAgNPs and TSAuNPs showed significant cytotoxicity against FaDu HNSCC grown in 2D at 50 and 100 μg mL-1. Tumor inhibitory effects on FaDu-derived spheroid were significant for TSAgNPs > TSAuNPs at 100 μg mL-1 in 3D conditions. Dead cells were highest largely for TSAgNPs (76.65% ± 1.76%), while TSAuNPs were non-significant, and Saq was ineffectively compared with the control. However, the diameter of the spheroid drastically reduced for TSAgNPs (3.94 folds) followed by TSAuNPs (2.58 folds), Saq (1.94 folds), and cisplatin (1.83 folds) at 100 μg mL-1. The findings of the study suggested the bio-competence of TSAgNPs and TSAuNPs as multi-responsive agents for antioxidants, DNA protection, antibacterial, and anti-tumor activities to provide a better comprehension of the role of phytogenic nanoparticles in healthcare systems.

Green synthesis of CuO nanoparticles using Jasmin sambac extract: Conditions optimization and photocatalytic degradation of Methylene Blue dye

This investigation utilized an eco-friendly method to produce copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) through the utilization of Jasminium sambac leaf extract. Optimization of pH, temperature, reaction time, and copper sulfate concentration were performed. Characterization via UV–Vis, SEM, XRD, FTIR, and EDX techniques revealed a peak at 243 nm in UV–Vis, and an FTIR band at 590 cm−1 confirmed Cu(II) ion reduction to CuO NPs. pH, temperature, reaction time, and copper sulfate concentration were identified as crucial synthesis parameters. EDX analysis indicated a composition of 75.94% copper and 24.06% oxygen. CuO NPs were dispersive, monoclinic, crystalline, and pure, with an average particle size of 13.4 nm. Photocatalytic experiments achieved 97% Methylene Blue dye degradation in 210 min, highlighting the efficacy of the green synthesis method for CuO NPs with significant photocatalytic activity in wastewater remediation.

Bioactive O^N^O^ Schiff base appended homoleptic titanium(iv) complexes: DFT, BSA/CT-DNA interactions, molecular docking and antitumor activity against HeLa and A549 cell lines.

Five new homoleptic derivatives of titanium(iv) have been developed and characterized by physicochemical techniques. Metal complexes, TiH2L1 [(C38H26N6O4)Ti], TiH2L2 [(C38H24F2N6O4)Ti], TiH2L3 [(C38H24Cl2N6O4)Ti], TiH2L4 [(C38H24Br2N6O4)Ti] and TiH2L5 [(C38H24N8O8)Ti], were obtained by treating Ti(OPri)4 with appropriate ONO ligands (H2L1-H2L5) in anhydrous THF as solvent. The electronic structures and properties of titanium(iv) complexes (TiH2L1-TiH2L5) and ligands (H2L1-H2L5) were examined by DFT studies. The stability of all synthesized derivatives was assessed by a UV-visible technique using 10% DMSO, GSH medium and n-octanol/water systems. The binding interactions of BSA and CT-DNA with respective titanium(iv) complexes were successfully evaluated by employing UV-visible absorption, fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD) techniques and docking studies. The in vitro cytotoxicity of TiH2L2, TiH2L3 and TiH2L4 complexes was assessed against HeLa (human epithelioid cervical cancer cells) and A549 (lung carcinoma) cell lines. The IC50 values of TiH2L2, TiH2L3 and TiH2L4 were observed to be 28.8, 14.7 and 31.2 μg mL-1 for the HeLa cell line and 38.2, 32.9 and 67.78 μg mL-1 for A549 cells, respectively. Complex TiH2L3 exhibited remarkably induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and 77.99% ROS production selectivity in the HeLa cell line.

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, MOLECULAR MODELING AND INVESTIGATION OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE NOVEL SCHIFF BASE (E)-2-(((4-BROMOTHIOPHEN-2-YL)METHYLENE)AMINO)-5-METHYLPHENOL

The novel Schiff base derivative (E)-2-(((4-bromothiophen-2-yl)methylene)amino)-5-methylphenol (HL) was synthesized and characterized via FT-IR, elemental analysis, UV-Vis, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR techniques. Quantum chemical calculations were performed with the density functional theory at the B3LYP level with the 6-311++G(d,p) basis tuned in the gas phase of the isolated compounds in the ground state. The thermal properties of HL Schiff base were investigated via DTA/TGA/TG curves. The antibacterial activity of the HL Schiff base against ESBL E. coli and MRSA was investigated. In the disk diffusion test, the zone of inhibition was determined against MRSA while it was not determined against ESBL E.coli. In addition, different levels of antibacterial activity were observed against all bacteria in the broth microdilution test.

GREEN SYNTHESIS OF FeS NANOPARTICLES FROM Hordeum vulgareLEAF EXTRACT AND EVALUATION OF ITS IMPACT ON SEED PRIMING AND GERMINATION

In this study, we used Hordeum vulgare leaf extract as a sustainable environmental approach for producing FeS nanoparticles (FeS NPs). The synthesized FeS NPs were examined using the SEM, UV-Vis, and XRD powder diffraction techniques. XRD tests validated the structure of FeS nanoparticles. These nanoparticles had an average 14 nm crystal size and possessed a 2.0 eV band gap with an even distribution. A further study was conducted to investigate Hordeum vulgare capped FeS nanoparticle's impact on seed priming and germination characteristics. The seed priming effect on the germination of Trigonella foenum-graecumand Brassica nigra seedswas examined using various concentrations of phyto-capped FeS NPs. The Germination rate occurs optimally at doses of 15mg and 20mg, but the germination rate is retarded at 30mg of FeS NPs in both the seed types. FeS NPs are tiny and highly reactive, allowing them to improve seed water uptake and nutrient management. As a result, this enhances germination and plant growth by shortening the average germination period. Therefore, FeS NPs developed using the green method if used in optimal concentration exhibit significant promise for the advancement of agricultural practices.

Analysis of Platinum (Pt) Ion Biosorption Performance Using Chitosan

Platinum Group Metal has a continuous increase in demand. The demand for platinum is divided into four segments: automotive, jewelry, industry, and investment. However, the availability of PGM is limited, resulting in the potential scarcity of the metal and the necessity for developing more effective and environmentally friendly methods. Biosorption serves as an alternative method for capturing metal ions using biological materials. Biosorption is chosen due to its low operational costs, environmentally friendly, and utilization of abundant natural biomaterials. This study aims to analyze the influence of chitosan concentration and adsorbent surface area on the biosorption process of Pt metal from H2PtCl6 solution. The biosorption method utilizes chitosan membranes produced by mixing chitosan with PVA and using glutaraldehyde as a crosslinker to stabilize chitosan in solution. The research involves testing using UV-VIS, SEM-EDX, and FTIR techniques to analyze the concentration of adsorbed Pt metal, morphology, and functional groups on the membrane. The results indicate that chitosan is an effective adsorbent for absorbing Pt metal ions, particularly in the CS/PVA adsorbent with a surface area of 352 mm2 and a chitosan concentration ratio of 2 gram, resulting in percentage adsorption of 47.948%.

To determine the antioxidant mechanism of action, biochemical compounds in Tecoma stans (L. Juss. ex Kunth) were analyzed using GC-MS, HPLC, UV-VIS, and FTIR techniques

The alkaloids found in Tecoma stans (L.Juss.ex Kunth) are well-known and have been utilized extensively in traditional Chinese medicine. On the other hand, the phenolic compounds have not been sufficiently studied. Thus, the objective of this study was to qualitatively and quantitatively examine the phenolic chemicals found in the plant’s roots and leaves. Either methanol or ethanol were used in the extraction processes; however, ethyl acetate and water worked better than methanol and ethanol. Phenolic chemicals were more abundant in the leaves than in the roots. The DPPH technique yielded values for the antioxidant activity of 46.59 g/ml, 40.51 g/ml, and 34.89 g/ml, in that order. The existence of phenolic compounds was confirmed by FTIR and the UV-VIS spectra. Using negative and positive ionization, GC-MS was used to examine the phenolic profile. A total of 15 compounds were identified, and HPLC analysis revealed the existence of 8 compounds that would be useful in pharmaceutical and medical applications.

Crystal structure, spectroscopy, DFT, and thermal studies of 3-cyano-2(1H)-pyridones as potential anticancer agents.

A series of 3-cyano-2(1H)-pyridones 4a-c were efficiently synthesized using an expeditious microwave-assisted multicomponent approach. Single-crystal XRD analysis revealed the presence of six independent molecules in the asymmetric unit cell for all compounds, with the crystal packing stabilized by a network of cyclic dimers formed by N-H⋯O[double bond, length as m-dash]C and C-H⋯O[double bond, length as m-dash]C intermolecular interactions. Additional supramolecular interactions, including C-H⋯π, C-N⋯π, and π⋯π, and C-H⋯X (for halogenated derivatives, i.e., 4b and 4c), appear crucial for crystal stabilization. Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were employed to understand the electronic structures and potential binding affinities. Comprehensive spectroscopic characterization by FT-IR, UV-Vis, NMR, and HMRS techniques confirmed the structures of all synthesized compounds. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were employed to evaluate the thermal stability of these compounds. The in vitro anticancer activity was evaluated against a panel of 60 human cancer cell lines, demonstrating promising activity against non-small-cell lung and breast cancer cell lines. Notably, compounds 4a and 4c exhibited the highest anticancer activity against the HOP-92 and MCF7 cell lines, with growth inhibition percentages (GI%) of 54.35 and 40.25, respectively.