UV-Vis Spectrophotometer Analysis Research Articles

Synthesis and dynamics of a novel proton transfer complex containing 3,5-dimethylpyrazole as a donor and 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol as an acceptor: crystallographic, UV-visible spectrophotometric, molecular docking and Hirshfeld surface analyses

A CT complex is synthesized and characterized by spectral and crystallographic techniques. The Hirshfeld and molecular docking studies are also performed.

Silver nanoparticles: Influence of the temperature synthesis on the particles’ morphology

Silver nanoparticles have a wide range of applications in the medical field, textile and food industries. These and other applications can be found due to the relation between its size and morphology. In this study the influence of bath temperature on the morphology and size of silver nanoparticles are evaluated, which are obtained by chemical reduction of AgNO3 using three reducing agents: sodium borohydride, ascorbic acid and sodium citrate. The evaluation carried out by the traditional UV-vis Spectrophotometric analysis and with High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy. The UV-vis spectrum of the silver colloids obtained by chemical reduction using three different reducing agents shows the effect of the temperature change on the growing and aggregative process. The final effect on the morphology, size and aggregation of the particles was confirmed by TEM. The result suggests a change in the growing mechanism, conducted by aggregation of atoms at 5 and 20°C degrees and aggregation of clusters at higher temperatures. Moreover in this work the main synthesis methods of nanomaterials are described.

식물추출액을 이용한 흑연으로부터 그래핀 생산 특성

Recently, numerous studies have utilized graphene in biomedical applications such as drug delivery, cancer therapy, and bioimaging. In this study, graphene was eco-friendly prepared by liquid phase exfoliation of graphite using plant extracts in water. Initially, 12 different plants or plant parts were screened for the characteristic graphene peak at near 268 nm using UV-Vis spectrophotometric analyses. The ability to form stable black graphene dispersion was highest using Xanthium strumarium extract. Transmission electron microscopy images showed that about 5 layer-graphene was produced from 1 g/L of graphite, while more than 5 layers were formed from 2 g/L of graphite. The optimum X. strumarium concentration for graphene production was 2 g/100 mL.

Production of biodegradable plastic by polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) accumulating bacteria using low cost agricultural waste material.

BackgroundPolyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs) are macromolecules synthesized by bacteria. They are inclusion bodies accumulated as reserve materials when the bacteria grow under different stress conditions. Because of their fast degradability under natural environmental conditions, PHBs are selected as alternatives for production of biodegradable plastics. The aim of this work was to isolate potential PHB producing bacteria, evaluate PHB production using agro-residues as carbon sources.ResultAmong fifty bacterial strains isolated from different localities, ten PHB accumulating strains were selected and compared for their ability to accumulate PHB granules inside their cells. Isolate Arba Minch Waste Water (AWW) identified as Bacillus spp was found to be the best producer. The optimum pH, temperature, and incubation period for best PHB production by the isolate were 7, 37 °C, and 48 h respectively at 150 rpm. PHB production was best with glucose as carbon source and peptone as nitrogen source. The strain was able to accumulate 55.6, 51.6, 37.4 and 25% PHB when pretreated sugar cane bagasse, corn cob, teff straw (Eragrostis tef) and banana peel were used as carbon sources respectively. Fourier transform-infrared authentication results of the extracted and purified PHB identified its functional units as C–H, CH2, C=O and C–O groups. UV–Vis spectrophotometric analysis and biodegradability test confirmed the similarity of the extract with standard PHB and its suitability for bioplastic production.ConclusionThe isolated Bacillus sp can be used for feasible production of PHB using agro-residues especially sugarcane bagasse which can reduce the production cost in addition to reducing the disposal problem of these substrates. The yield of PHB can further be boosted by optimization of production parameters as substrates.

Some new nano-sized Fe(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) Schiff base complexes as precursor for metal oxides: Sonochemical synthesis, characterization, DNA interaction, in vitro antimicrobial and anticancer activities

The complexes of Fe(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) with Schiff base derived from 2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine and 3-methoxysalicylaldehyde have been prepared. Melting points, decomposition temperatures, Elemental analyses, TGA, conductance measurements, infrared (IR) and UV–Visible spectrophotometric studies were utilized in characterizing the compounds. The UV–Visible spectrophotometric analysis revealed 1:1 (metal-ligand) stoichiometry for the three complexes. In addition to, the prepared complexes have been used as precursors for preparing their corresponding metal oxides nanoparticles via thermal decomposition. The structures of the nano-sized complexes and their metal oxides were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and transmittance electron microscopy. Moreover, the prepared Schiff base ligand, its complexes and their corresponding nano-sized metal oxides have been screened in vitro for their antibacterial activity against three bacteria, gram-positive (Microccus luteus) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescence) and three strains of fungus. The metal chelates were shown to possess more antimicrobial activity than the free Schiff-base chelate and their nano-sized metal oxides have the highest activity. The binding behaviors of the complexes to calf thymus DNA have been investigated by absorption spectra, viscosity mensuration and gel electrophoresis. The DNA binding constants reveal that all these complexes interact with DNA through intercalative binding mode. Furthermore, the cytotoxic activity of the prepared Schiff base complexes on human colon carcinoma cells, (HCT-116 cell line) and hepatic cellular carcinoma cells, (HepG-2) showed potent cytotoxicity effect against growth of carcinoma cells compared to the clinically used Vinblastine standard.

Tin Selenide Quantum Dots Electrochemical Biotransducer for the Determination of Indinavir - A Protease Inhibitor Anti-Retroviral Drug

Biocompatibility of tin selenide quantum dots was achieved by the incorporation of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MPA) as a capping agent, which also improved the stability and the solubility of the material. The UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis of the quantum dots revealed a broad absorption band at ~ 330 nm (with a corresponding band gap, Eg, value of 3.75 eV), which is within the range of values expected for quantum dots materials. The 3-mercaptopropionic acid-capped tin selenide (3-MPA-SnSe) quantum dots were used to develop an electrochemical biosensor for indinavir, which is a protease inhibitor antiretroviral (ARV) drug. The biosensor was prepared by the self-assembly of L-cysteine on a gold electrode that was functionalised with 3-MPA-SnSe quantum dots, followed by cross-linking with cytochrome P450-3A4 (CYP3A4) using 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). The electrocatalytic properties of the biosensor included a characteristic cyclic voltammetric reduction peak at-380 mV, which was used to detect the response of the biosensor to indinavir. The sensor performance parameters included a response time and sensitivity values of 11 s and 0.221 μA/nM, respectively. The test concentration range studied (0.014 – 0.066 ng/mL) gave a linear calibration plot for indinavir, and it was lower than the physiological plasma concentration index (i.e. maximum plasma concentrations, Cmax,) of indinavir (5 - 15 ng/mL) normally observed 8 h after intake. This indicates that the biosensor can be very useful in the case of ultra-rapid metabolisers where very low Cmax values are expected

Synthesis of well-aligned ZnO nanorod arrays from mixed sulfide-oxide lead and zinc ore

A novel process of recovery of zinc from mixed sulfide-oxide lead and zinc ore was presented in this paper. ZnO nanorod arrays (ZNRAs) on FTO substrate pre-coated with a layer of ZnO seeds was synthesized successfully from the mixed ore via the oxidative ammoniacal leaching process and a two-step process including precipitation and hydrothermal synthesis. The characterization results from the XRD, SEM and UV–vis spectrophotometer analysis showed that the as-prepared ZNRAs was well-aligned, large-scale, perpendicular to the FTO substrate and had a reduced band gap energy of 3.03eV. XPS analysis indicated that the grown ZNRAs were doped by a small quantity of carbon and did not contain any other impurities particularly Fe and Pb. The total zinc extraction can reach 92.4% after the oxidative ammoniacal leaching process and the precipitation process. The elimination of conventional purification process in zinc production was achieved due to the efficient and selective oxidative ammoniacal leaching process.

Intermolecular Structural Change for Thermoswitchable Polymeric Photosensitizer.

We developed a thermoswitchable polymeric photosensitizer (T-PPS) by conjugating PS (Pheophorbide-a, PPb-a) to a temperature-responsive polymer backbone of biocompatible hydroxypropyl cellulose. Self-quenched PS molecules linked in close proximity by π-π stacking in T-PPS were easily transited to an active monomeric state by the temperature-induced phase transition of polymer backbones. The temperature-responsive intermolecular interaction changes of PS molecules in T-PPS were demonstrated in synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering and UV-vis spectrophotometer analysis. The T-PPS allowed switchable activation and synergistically enhanced cancer cell killing effect at the hyperthermia temperature (45 °C). Our developed T-PPS has the considerable potential not only as a new class of photomedicine in clinics but also as a biosensor based on temperature responsiveness.

A facile and green strategy for the synthesis of Au, Ag and Au-Ag alloy nanoparticles using aerial parts of R. hypocrateriformis extract and their biological evaluation.

A facile and green strategy is reported here to synthesize gold (Au), silver (Ag) and gold-silver (Au-Ag) alloy nanoparticles (NPs) through bio-reduction reactions of aqueous corresponding metal precursors mediated by extracts of aerial parts of R. hypocrateriformis, which act as both reducing and stabilizing agents, under microwave irradiation. UV-vis spectrophotometer, XRD, FT-IR, FESEM/TEM, TGA and EDAX analysis were used to characterize the obtained NPs. The formation of NPs is evident from their surface plasmon resonance peak observed at λmax=∼550, 450 and 500nm for Au, Ag and Au-Ag alloy NPs respectively. XRD pattern revealed that fcc structure, while FT-IR spectra signify the presence of phytochemicals adsorbed on NPs. Such a biofunctionalized NPs were characterized by their weight loss, 30% due to thermal degradation of plant phytochemicals observed in TG analysis. The spherical shape of Au, Ag and Au-Ag alloy NPs (∼10-50nm) is observed by FE-SEM/TEM images. EDAX analysis confirms the expected elemental composition. Moreover, these NPs showed enhanced antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities, though it is more pronounced for Au-Ag alloy NPs, which is due to the combining effect of phytochemicals, Au and Ag metals. Thus, the biosynthesized NPs could be applied as effective growth inhibitors for various biomedical applications.

A novel approach for the liquefaction of wood powder: usage of pyrolytic bio-oil as a reaction medium

In this study, Scots pine wood (Pinus sylvestris L.) powder was liquefied in the presence of pyrolytic bio-oil as a reaction medium/reagent. Firstly, the bio-oil was produced via pyrolysis of the same wood species at three different temperatures by using an extruder type pyrolyzer. Then, the wood powders were liquefied at different ratios of the wood to pyrolytic bio-oil in a sealed pressure-proof tube. The liquefaction reactions were carried out under pressure ranging between atmospheric and 8.5-MPa pressures according to the experimental conditions. The effects of the reactant ratios and the process parameters such as reaction time and temperature on the wood conversion percentage were studied. The chemical composition of the pyrolytic bio-oil and liquefied wood oil were analyzed by means of GC-MS technique. The higher heating value (HHV) and UV–Vis spectrophotometric analysis of the pyrolytic bio-oil and liquefied wood oil were also performed. The results showed that the wood powder could easily be liquefied in the pyrolytic bio-oil at different temperatures under pressure. The highest wood conversion (97.40%) was obtained at 250 °C for 150 min at a wood to bio-oil ratio of 1:7 with the heavy fraction of the pyrolytic bio-oil. The amount of wood residue diminished dramatically when the reaction temperature rose at the same wood to bio-oil ratio. The HHV of the liquefied wood oil was almost similar to that of the pyrolytic bio-oil. As a result, it could be inferred that the usage of pyrolytic bio-oil instead of the phenol and acid catalyst was quite efficient in the wood liquefaction process. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

EFFECT OF USING PITAYA PEEL AS DYE-SENSITIZER AND DYE MOLECULES IN ELECTROLYTE FOR PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL REACTION

Natural dye sensitizer in photoelectrochemical shows a great potential in improving the efficiency of metal oxide semiconductor especially Titanium dioxide (TiO2) due to its prominent in absorbing visible light and also low cost. In this work, the effect of using pitaya peel as natural dye sensitizes to TiO2 has been studied through characterizations analysis and PEC test. The bare TiO2 thin films were fabricated on Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrate by doctor blade method meanwhile dyesensitized TiO2 thin films prepared by immersion of TiO2 in the dye extracts. The fabricated thin films were characterized with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray difractometer (XRD), UV-Vis spectrophotometer and photoelectrochemical analysis. The surface of TiO2 was porous and uniform meanwhile dye particles could not been observed due to very small size. The energy band gap of dye-sensitized TiO2 from the UV-Vis spectrum is 2.1 eV which is smaller than bare TiO2 (3.7 eV). Meanwhile, photoactivities of dye-sensitized TiO2 has the highest compared to bare TiO2 photoelectrodes which is 127μA/cm 2 in 6.25% v/v of pitaya dye in the electrolyte.

Efficient decolorization and detoxification of textile industry effluent by Salvinia molesta in lagoon treatment

Salvinia molesta, an aquatic fern was observed to have a potential of degrading azo dye Rubine GFL up to 97% at a concentration of 100mg/L within 72h using 60±2g of root biomass. Both root as well as stem tissues showed induction in activities of the enzymes such as lignin peroxidase, veratryl alcohol oxidase, laccase, tyrosinase, catalase, DCIP reductase and superoxide dismutase during decolorization of Rubine GFL. FTIR, GC-MS, HPLC and UV–visible spectrophotometric analysis confirmed phytotransformation of the model dye into smaller molecules. Analysis of metabolites revealed breakdown of an azo bond of Rubine GFL by the action of lignin peroxidase and laccase and formation of 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline and N-methylbenzene-1, 4-diamine. Anatomical tracing of dye in the stem of S. molesta confirmed the presence of dye in tissues and subsequent removal after 48h of treatment. The concentration of chlorophyll pigments like chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid was observed during the treatment. Toxicity analysis on seeds of Triticum aestivum and Phaseolus mungo revealed the decreased toxicity of dye metabolites. In situ treatment of a real textile effluent was further monitored in a constructed lagoon of the dimensions of 7m×5m×2m (total surface area 35m2) using S. molesta for 192h. This large scale treatment was found to significantly reduce the values of COD, BOD5 and ADMI by 76%, 82% and 81% considering initial values 1185, 1440mg/L and 950 units, respectively.

Biological preparation of chitosan nanoparticles and its in vitro antifungal efficacy against some phytopathogenic fungi

The aim of the present study was to prepare Chitosan nanoparticles through biological method with high antifungal activities. Chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by the addition of anionic proteins isolated from Penicillium oxalicum culture to chitosan solutions. The formation of chitosan nanoparticles was preliminary confirmed by UV–vis spectrophotometric analysis. The physico-chemical properties of the chitosan nanoparticles were determined by size and zeta potential analysis, FTIR analysis, HRTEM and XRD pattern. The chitosan nanoparticles were evaluated for its potential to inhibit the growth of phytopathogens viz., Pyricularia grisea, Alternaria solani, Fusarium oxysporum. It is evident from our results that chitosan nanoparticles inhibit the growth of phytopathogens tested. Chitosan nanoparticle treated chickpea seeds showed positive morphological effects such as enhanced germination%, seed vigor index and vegetative biomass of seedlings. All these results indicate that chitosan nanoparticle can be used further under field condition to protect various crops from the devastating fungal pathogens as well as growth promoters.

Bovine serum albumin interacts with silver nanoparticles with a “side-on” or “end on” conformation

As the nanoparticles (NPs) enter into the biological interface, they have to encounter immediate and first exposure to many proteins of different concentrations. The physicochemical interaction of NPs and proteins is greatly influenced not only by the number and type of proteins; but also the surface chemistry of NPs. To analyze the effects of NPs on proteins, the interaction between bovine serum albumin (BSA) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) at different concentrations were investigated. The interaction, BSA conformations, kinetics and adsorption were analyzed by UV–Visible spectrophotometer, dynamic light scattering (DLS), FT-IR spectroscopy and fluorescence quenching. DLS, FTIR and UV–visible spectrophotometric analysis confirms the interaction with minor alterations in size of the protein. Fluorescence quenching analysis confirms the side-on or end-on interaction of 1.5 molecules of BSA to AgNP. Further, pseudo-second order kinetics was determined with equilibrium contact-time of 30 min. The data of the present study determines the detailed evaluation of BSA adsorption on AgNP along with mechanism, kinetics and isotherm of the adsorption.

Biological activities of synthesized silver nanoparticles from Cardiospermum halicacabum L.

The present study focuses on the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Cardiospermum halicacabum. AgNPs were confirmed by UV–Visible spectrophotometer analysis showed SPR at 424 nm. FT-IR analysis revealed biomolecules capping of the AgNPs. XRD pattern of synthesized AgNPs was found in face-centered-cubic crystal structure and average crystal size was 23 nm. SEM analyses of the synthesized AgNPs determine the spherical shape and EDX spectra confirmed the presence of silver ions. DLS studies revealed that the synthesized AgNPs showed the average size as 74 nm and Zeta potential value of AgNPs was −34 mv. The C. halicacabum leaf extract synthesized AgNPs efficiency were tested against different bacterial pathogens MTCC-426 Proteus vulgaris, MTCC-2453 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, MTCC-96 Staphylococcus aureus, MTCC-441 Bacillus subtilis and MTCC-735 Salmonella paratyphi, and fungal pathogens Alternaria solani and Fusarium-oxysporum. The antioxidant ability of the AgNPs was tested and the results showed significant DPPH, hydroxyl and superoxide, radical scavenging activities.

In vitro study of the antibacterial and anticancer activities of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Penicillium brevicompactum (MTCC-1999)

Among the most promising nanomaterials, metallic nanoparticles with antibacterial and antitumor properties are expected to open new avenues to fight and prevent various tumours and infectious diseases. The study of bactericidal nanomaterial is particularly timely considering the recent increase in new resistant strains of bacteria to the most potent antibiotics and the potential role of bactericidal nanomaterial as anticancer agents. This has promoted the research of the well-known activity of silver ions and silver-based compounds, including silver nanoparticles. The present work is the study of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Penicillium brevicompactum (MTCC-1999). The colour of the cell filtrate changes to dark brown upon addition of 1mM AgNO3, suggesting the formation of silver nanoparticles. These silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were characterized and analyzed by UV–vis spectrophotometric analysis, which showed a peak of absorbance at 420nm. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis showed amines and amides that are responsible for the stabilization of AgNPs. To determine the particle size, atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis was used, which showed that the nanoparticles are spherical and are 30–50nm in size. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) showed that AgNPs were well dispersed, spherical, and well within the range of 40–50nm. These nanoparticles displayed good antibacterial activity and also increased the antibiotic activity of gatifloxacin, tetracycline, and vancomycin. These nanoparticles were further studied for their anticancer activity and showed high toxicity towards the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.

Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanosheet for Chemo-photothermal Therapy

The protein-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheet is of great interest in stimuli-responsive drug delivery and controlled release applications. We developed doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded bovine serum albumin (BSA)-functionalized rGO (DOX-BSA-rGO) nanosheets. To investigate the reduction of BSA-functionalized GO nanosheets and drug loading efficiency, we used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and UV-visible spectrophotometer analysis. DOX-BSA-rGO nanosheets exhibited dose-dependent cellular uptake without any cytotoxic effect. We also demonstrated near-infrared (NIR)-induced chemo-photothermal therapy of brain tumor cells treated with DOX-BSA-rGO nanosheets. Therefore, this DOX-BSA-rGO nanosheet could be a powerful tool for chemo-photothermal therapy applications.

In-vitro Anticancer and Antioxidant Activity of Gold Nanoparticles Conjugate with Tabernaemontana divaricata flower SMs Against MCF -7 Breast Cancer Cells

Biologically stabilized gold nanoparticles were synthesized from the flower aqueous extract of T. divari- cata. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Zeta sizer, FTIR and TEM analysis. T. divaricata reduced gold nanoparticles having particle size and potential of 106.532 nm and -10.2 mV, respectively, with a characteristic peak of 550 nm in UV-visible spectrophotometer. FTIR graph after comparison between the crude flower extract and gold nanoparticles showed three major shifts in the functional groups. The morphology and size of the gold nanoparticles were examined by HRTEM analysis, which showed that most of the nanoparticles were nearly spherical with size of 100 nm. The gold nanoparticles synthesized demonstrated potent anticancer activity against MCF-7 cell line. The findings conclude that the antioxidant molecule present in T. divaricata may be responsible for both reduction and capping of gold nanoparticles which possess potential applications in medicine and pharmaceutical fields.

Antimicrobial and cytotoxicity effect of silver nanoparticle synthesized by Croton bonplandianum Baill. leaves

Objective(s): For the development of reliable, ecofriendly, less expensive process for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and to evaluate the bactericidal, and cytotoxicity properties of silver nanoparticles synthesized from root extract of Croton bonplandianum, Baill. Materials and Methods: The synthesis of silver nanoparticles by plant part of Croton bonplandianum was carried out. The formation of nanoparticles was confirmed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), XRD and UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis. The biochemical properties were assayed by antibacterial study, cytotoxicity assay using cancer cell line. Results: The formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-VIS spectroscopic analysis which showed absorbance peak at 425 nm. X-ray diffraction photograph indicated the face centered cubic structure of the synthesized AgNPs. TEM has displayed the different dimensional images of biogenic silver nanoparticles with particle size distribution ranging from 15-40 nm with an average size of 32 nm. Silver particles are spherical in shape, clustered. The EDX analysis was used to identify the elemental composition of synthesized AgNPs. Antibacterial activity of the synthesized AgNPs against three Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria strains like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa carried out showed significant zones of inhibition. The cytotoxicity study by AgNPS also showed cytotoxicity on ovarian cancer cell line PA-1 and lung epithelial cancer cell line A549. Conclusion: The present study confirms that the AgNPs have great promise as antibacterial, and anticancer agent.

ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI SENYAWA SITOTOKSIK DAUN NAGASARI (Calophyllum nagassarium Burm.f.) TERHADAP LARVA Artemia salina Leach

Calophyllum nagassarium Burm.f. or nagasari is a kind of plant that often be used as medical plant such as for antiseptic, laxative, blood purifier, helminthic, and tonic. This study aimed to isolate and identify cytotoxic compounds of nagasari leaves by extracting 1000 g of leaf powder with 10 L of 96% ethanol (5L x 2) to produce 66.81 g of ethanol extract (LC50 = 19.06 ppm). Fractionation of the ethanol-water extract (7: 3) in a row with 300 mL of n-hexane, chloroform 400 mL, 400 mL of n-butanol, and water and toxicity tests against larvae of Artemia salina Leach generate 2.52 g of n-hexane extracts (LC50 = 275.42 ppm), 7.06 g chloroform extract (LC50 = 63.10 ppm), 9.54 g of n-butanol extract (LC50 = 27.54 ppm) and 25.38 g aqueous extract (LC50 = 478 , 63 ppm). N-buthanol extract which was the most toxic was then separated, purified and identified. The separation of 2.0 g of n-butanol extract using column chromatography techniques with silica gel 60 as the stationary phase and chloroform- n-butanol (5: 3) as the mobile phase resulted in 5 fractions (F1, F2, F3, F4, and F5). Fraction F1 which was the most toxic (LC50 = 91.20 ppm) was then separated by preparative Thin Layer Chromatography and resulted two fractions (FA and FB). Fraction FB was the most toxic with LC50 = 83.18 ppm. UV-Vis and IR spectrophotometric analysis of FB identified a compound suspected to be terpenoides that has the characteristics of functional groups such as O-H, O = C-OH, aliphatic C-H.