Utilization Of Wood Resources Research Articles

BACNN: Multi-scale feature fusion-based bilinear attention convolutional neural network for wood NIR classification

Effective development and utilization of wood resources is critical. Wood modification research has become an integral dimension of wood science research, however, the similarities between modified wood and original wood render it challenging for accurate identification and classification using conventional image classification techniques. So, the development of efficient and accurate wood classification techniques is inevitable. This paper presents a one-dimensional, convolutional neural network (i.e., BACNN) that combines near-infrared spectroscopy and deep learning techniques to classify poplar, tung, and balsa woods, and PVA, nano-silica-sol and PVA-nano silica sol modified woods of poplar. The results show that BACNN achieves an accuracy of 99.3% on the test set, higher than the 52.9% of the BP neural network and 98.7% of Support Vector Machine compared with traditional machine learning methods and deep learning based methods; it is also higher than the 97.6% of LeNet, 98.7% of AlexNet and 99.1% of VGGNet-11. Therefore, the classification method proposed offers potential applications in wood classification, especially with homogeneous modified wood, and it also provides a basis for subsequent wood properties studies.

Review on Wood Deformation and Cracking during Moisture Loss.

Wood, being a natural hygroscopic material, the interaction between wood and moisture plays a crucial role in wood processing and utilization. Moisture affects the physical and mechanical properties of wood, and is also one of the main external factors that cause wood deformation and cracking. Drying shrinkage is a common phenomenon during the processing and utilization of wood induced by moisture loss. Drying stress is the main cause of wood deformation and cracking. The shrinkage differential between tangential and radial direction and moisture content gradient of wood are two reasons induced the generation of drying stresses. In this review, the existing states of moisture in wood and the interaction between water molecules and wood components were systematically summarized. The current research progress and deficiencies in three aspects including the factors resulted in deformation and cracking in wood caused by moisture loss, the correlation between wood mechanical properties and moisture, as well as the development of deformation and cracking in wood under moisture loss were discussed. This review aims to facilitate further research on the deformation and cracking of wood under moisture loss by providing valuable insights and assistance, ultimately reducing the occurrence of wood deformation and cracking. And thus, it will enhance the overall utilization of wood resources, making wood better serve human life.

MADERA CARBONIZADA EN CONTEXTOS FUNERARIOS DE LA JEFATURA DE RÍO GRANDE, PANAMÁ: ANTRACOLOGÍA EN EL SITIO DE EL CAÑO

The charcoal analysis undertaken at the El Cano site (Cocle Province, Panama) provided an opportunity to explore the possibilities this kind ofarchaeobotanical analysis suppliesfor the study ofchiefdoms,particularly in theirfunerary context. The identification of the utilization ofwood resources, and the establishment ofa hypothesis about theirpossiblefunerary ritualfunction isfundamental in order to deepen our understanding of the ritual and the management of resources by chiefdoms in the Isthmus of Panama.

Моделирование оптимизационных расчетов по установлению структуры и объемов перерабатывающих производств Республики Коми

The justification of the integrated optimal utilization of wood resources of the Republic of Komi is made. The conditions of wood raw material resource allocation at prevailing consumers and possible reorganized processing industries are considered. Criteria for optimization of existing production facilities in the region and establishing new industries are considered. Established criteria of optimization and formalized conditions of distribution of forest resources allow you to present a mathematical model of optimization calculations to establish the structure and volume of processing industries, taking into account the limitations of eight.

Localized Wood Resource Depletion in Botswana: Towards a Demographic, Institutional and Cosmovisional Explanation

In sub-Saharan Africa, communal land resource utilization and management has reflected changes in sociocultural belief systems, population dynamics, and modes of societal administration and regulation. This paper, based on archival evidence, attempts to substantiate this assumption through an illustrative case study on biomass depletion around large settlements in Botswana. It also suggests that a revisit to certain traditional institutional and sociocultural practices on natural resource management might provide useful insights towards the sustainable utilization of wood resources.

How To Get the Best Value for Money Spent on Finnish Minor Roads

The total length of the Finnish minor road network is about 345 000 km (214,373 mi). The Finnish National Road Administration is responsible for some 65 000 km (40,389 mi) of minor roads, which are called public roads. The remaining 280 000 km (173,984 mi) are private roads that are constructed and maintained mainly by property owners who usually form cooperative societies that take care of this in practice. The role of raw wood haulage is significant, representing about three-fourths of the transported tons if mainly short-distance gravel transportation is excluded. Annual rehabilitation and maintenance funding needs were estimated to be at the level of 750 million to 800 million FIM by using a network management system. The available funds should be allocated to locations where improvements lead to the widest possible positive effects for freight transportation and settlement. For freight transportation this means that frost-damaged road sections should be eliminated from locations that have the widest effects on the utilization of wood resources. To promote development in rural communities funds should be allocated for access roads to communities where other prerequisites for development also exist. The interface between public and private roads needs to be reassessed. The concept of private roads is a very inexpensive and effective way of maintaining low-volume roads.

ビーズ状リグニン樹脂の製造

Preparation of functional resin from industrial lignins has long been studied for the better utilization of wood resources. However, because of their poor functionality and durability, those resins could not be compatible with commercial resins.In this study, beads-like materials were prepared by acid treatment of spent sulfite liquor suspended in silicon oil. Beads-like materials thus prepared has an increased durability probably because of its spherical shapes and stability to aqueous alkaline solution.Sulfonic acid group was introduced by sulfomethylation and fumic sulfuric acid treatment, but the number of sulfonic acid group introduced was at most about the half of the commercial ionexchange resins. It is necessary to develop a method for the more efficient sulfonation of beadslike materials.