Utilization Of Renewable Energy Sources Research Articles

Techno-econo-environmental analysis of sustainable hybrid solar-wind-biogas using municipal solid waste-based grid independent power plant with dual mode energy storage strategy

In the contemporary landscape characterized by escalating energy issues and growing worldwide environmental apprehensions, the transition towards sustainable energy assumes a critical role in enhancing the standard of living. Hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) are increasingly seen as crucial, particularly in off-grid communities, due to their provision of dependable and sustainable electrical alternatives to conventional fossil fuels. This study evaluates the viability of an autonomous system incorporating dual-mode energy storage, as well as explores the possibilities of converting municipal solid waste (MSW) into biogas to achieve both energy and environmental advantages. This research employs NSGA-II in MATLAB environment, optimizing novel HRES for size and performance where the fundamental goals include cost-effectiveness, health hazard mitigation, and ensuring a reliable electrical supply. The findings indicate that the system under investigation exhibits an ideal energy cost of 0.1393$/kWh, carbon emissions amounting to 184283.1 kg CO2-eq/yr, a health impact of 2.56 × 10−1 DALYs, and an ecological damage footprint of 1.45 × 10−7 species⋅year. The system exhibits a job creation rate of 4.22 jobs per megawatt and attains a human development score of 0.404. Through the utilization of renewable energy sources and advanced storage technologies, it is possible to address the challenges posed by energy and environmental problems.

Transient response of a megawatt-scale solar photovoltaic in an electric distribution utility

There is an increasing trend among customers of an electrical distribution utility to adopt grid-tied solar photovoltaic systems. This shift offers multiple benefits to consumers, including lower monthly electricity bills and a contribution to the development of green energy. For the electrical distribution utility, various impacts may arise due to varying levels of solar energy penetration. This study investigates the effects of integrating varying levels of solar photovoltaic penetration into the commercial consumer network of Cagayan de Oro Electric Power and Light Company (CEPALCO) in the Philippines. Utilizing PowerWorld simulator, the research evaluates 11 different scenarios with solar penetration levels adjusted according to the percentage of load demand. Key findings include alterations in solar megavolt ampere of reactive power output, bus voltage levels, transformer power loading, and transmission line ampacity, with frequency levels remaining stable across scenarios. The optimal solar penetration level was identified at 70%, balancing the benefits of solar energy integration with the need to maintain grid stability and operational limits. This optimal level ensures the effective utilization of renewable energy sources without compromising the performance of CEPALCO’s electrical infrastructure. The research concludes with recommendations for maintaining grid stability and operational limits at the optimal solar penetration limits.

Operation strategy and capacity configuration of digital renewable energy power station with energy storage

As the utilization of renewable energy sources continues to expand, energy storage systems assume a crucial role in enabling the effective integration and utilization of renewable energy. This underscores their fundamental significance in mitigating the inherent intermittency and variability associated with renewable energy sources. This study focuses on the involvement of photovoltaic (PV) plants in medium and long-term transactions. It also explores the participation of battery energy storage system (BESS) in electricity trading and frequency regulation ancillary services. The objective is to establish a strategic research model for maximizing the benefits of PV plant and the BESS in the energy arbitrage and frequency regulation markets. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the impact of variations in both the rated power and maximum continuous energy storage duration of the BESS. Base on the NSGA-II algorithm and TOPSIS algorithm, an optimization model for energy storage capacity configuration is developed. The optimal capacity configuration and maximum continuous energy storage duration are determined through computational analysis, yielding values of 30.8 MW and 4.521 h, respectively. At this configuration, the daily average revenue is 2.362 × 105 yuan, the initial investment cost is 1.45 × 109 yuan, and the payback period is 4.562 years.

Operational Verification of DC-DC Converters Used in Ecologically Sound Non Polluting Renewable Systems

This research delves into the intricate control mechanisms governing renewable energy sources through the application of three distinct DC-DC converter technologies: the buck, boost, and buck-boost converters. Renewable energy sources like wind and solar can be pivotal in the future and become the primary source of energy for global energy requirements. Renewable sources are pollution-free and have minimal impact on the environment. This research illuminates the efficacy of these converters in orchestrating the optimal utilization of renewable energy sources, offering valuable contributions to the advancement of sustainable power systems. Open and closed loop control of a buck converter is studied along with its operation for the voltage regulation of an emulated PV panel. For the boost converter, a comprehensive exploration ensues through two closed-loop control methods: Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm and the incremental conductance method. Simulations are meticulously executed in MATLAB Simulink, interfacing with PV arrays and directing power toward battery charging. Meanwhile, the buck-boost converter undergoes simulation and evaluation, fed by a DC source and delivering power to a resistive load. Experimental validation is conducted for the buck converter, providing tangible insights into real-world performance. Conventional sources, primarily coal, which is the most used source of energy in Asian countries, including India, have adverse effects on the environment. Coal contributes to a huge proportion of pollutants in the environment and also the release of large quantities of greenhouse gases. Renewable energy resources can play a huge role in addressing the energy demands of Asian countries. They hold the ability to alleviate the environmental burden caused by conventional energy sources. Renewable energy sources also mitigate pollution and eliminate various hazardous effects of conventional energy sources. This study emphasises the adoption of such sources and underscores the pivotal role of DC-DC converter technologies in this adoption.

Examining the non-linear impact of fossil and renewable energy consumption on Vietnam’s ecological footprint: insights from the asymmetric ARDL approach

Vietnam’s economy is rapidly growing, marked by an increasing reliance on fossil fuels and renewable energy sources, resulting in unsustainable consumption patterns. The primary objective is to investigate the implications of renewable and non-renewable resource consumption on the overall resource availability over the long term, as indicated by the ecological footprint. Furthermore, the study incorporates economic growth to examine the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis in Vietnam. Methodologically, the study adopts the asymmetric Autoregressive Distributed Lag model, utilizing time-series data ranging from 1986 to 2022. The findings highlight that Vietnam’s economic growth still use more natural resources while compromising the overall ecological reserve. Furthermore, the research findings suggest that the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis does not hold in the context of Vietnam. Specifically, the increasing share of primary energy sourced from fossil fuels is observed to coincide with an increase in demand in ecological footprint. In contrast, an increase in primary energy consumption from renewable sources demonstrates a marked reduction in natural resource demand over the long term. Several strategies are recommended to enhance the resilience of environmental resources, such as adopting new and energy-efficient technologies is necessary within the industrial sector, promote the utilization of renewable energy sources, enhance waste management systems, transition from conventional energy to renewable sources in both production and consumption and the formulation of legislation on renewable energy usage.

Renewable Energy Source Utilization Progress in South Africa: A Review

Renewable energy has emerged as a promising solution to address the challenges of climate change, energy security, and socio-economic development. South Africa, with its abundant renewable energy resources, has made significant strides in the utilization of renewable energy over the past decade. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the progress of renewable energy advancement in South Africa, examining the policies, initiatives, and achievements in various renewable energy sectors. This study explores the country’s transition from a heavily coal-dependent energy system to a diversified and sustainable energy mix. It analyses the growth of renewable energy technologies, such as wind power and solar photovoltaic (PV), highlighting the key milestones, challenges, and opportunities. Furthermore, this paper discusses the role of government support, regulatory frameworks, and private sector investments in driving renewable energy deployment in South Africa. Finally, it identifies the prospects and potential areas for further advancement in the renewable energy sector. This review aims to contribute to the understanding of South Africa’s renewable energy journey and provides valuable insights for policy-makers, researchers, and stakeholders involved in the sustainable energy transition.

Household Energy Clean Transition Mechanisms under Market Failures: A Government Financing Perspective

Abstract: Clarifying the principles governing the transition to cleaner household energy is crucial for enhancing households’ access to clean and efficient energy, thereby enhancing households’ welfare and overall societal well-being. However, most existing energy transition theories are grounded in assumptions of perfect market functionality. This paradigm deviates from the reality of market failure and needs to comprehensively elucidate the process of transitioning to cleaner household energy. This study develops a framework for understanding the transition to cleaner household energy within the context of market failure. It investigates the effects and mechanisms of government funding and energy endowment on this transition, considering the accessibility and affordability of clean energy. The analysis is based on 20 years of data on rural energy consumption across 29 provinces in China. The findings reveal that government funding inputs significantly enhance the transition to cleaner household energy, facilitated by the clean energy supply effect, clean technology promotion effect, clean knowledge dissemination effect, and financial constraint alleviation effect. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that in regions abundant in renewable energy, government funding inputs can effectively stimulate the development and utilization of renewable energy sources, thereby enhancing the accessibility of clean energy and driving the transition to cleaner household energy. Finally, it is recommended that the market play a constructive role in the energy transition process in addition to increased government investment in energy infrastructure, extension services, and public education.

Challenges in Integration of RES and Control Techniques in Microgrid: A Review

Microgrids have gained extensive attention over the prior 20 years and are alleged to be a substantial compound of impending power systems. The main objective is to essence the carbon footmark and to enhance the utilisation of Renewable Energy Sources (RES). Integrating distributedenergy resources to create a microgrid will betremendously vital. The development of modern and future electricity networks, like the smart grid, is influenced by MGs because they can provide a variety of benefits to the increasingly complex and growing power system, like better power quality, increased efficiency, enhanced system integration of energy sources that are renewable and clean, and improved network stability and reliability. Microgrid implementation has difficulties controlling, operating, and protecting since integrating RES into the system is more difficult. This paper comprehensively presents the different novelties in integrating RES, control, and optimization.

Environmental deterioration, renewable energy, natural resource rents, and schooling in Türkiye: Does the degree of energy transition matter for environmental quality?

Within the literature on energy and environmental economics, it is generally acknowledged that renewable energy can improve environmental quality; however, certain papers suggest that an optimal level of the usage of renewable energy sources may exist. Consequently, the utilization of renewable energy sources can result in environmental degradation up to a certain threshold. Then, environmental quality can be enhanced through the continued application of renewables. This indicates that the link between renewable energy and environmental devastation is inverted U-shaped.This paper presents empirical evidence concerning this possible association between renewable energy and environmental destruction in Türkiye, a country where fossil energy predominates in the energy mix. Additionally, the paper investigates the environmental influences of natural resource rents and schooling. This study utilizes annual data from 1971 to 2020 and implements time series methodologies that rely on the Fourier approximation. The paper thus accounts for an undetermined quantity of structural breaks. The results suggest that an inverted U-shaped link occurs between renewable energy and environmental destruction, signifying renewable energy initially contributes to a diminution in environmental quality before subsequently improving it. Additionally, environmental quality is positively associated with natural resource rents and negatively associated with schooling, according to the findings. Furthermore, the findings reveal that schooling worsens the combined effect of renewable energy on environmental degradation. These conclusions are discussed in the paper.

EFFORTS OF THE TRANSPORT AND ENERGY SECTORS TOWARD RENEWABLE ENERGY FOR CLIMATE NEUTRALITY

The integration and utilization of renewable energy sources in the energy and transport sectors are the main actions undertaken to attain climate neutrality by 2050. The connection and indication of the relations occurring in these two sectors constitute the novelty of the current research. Key actions include increasing the share of low- and zero-emission transport, such as electric cars, bicycles, trains, and buses; reducing emissions from aviation and shipping; and improving energy efficiency and transport safety by modernizing the vehicle fleet, introducing intelligent transport systems, applying emission and fuel quality standards, and promoting technological and digital innovation. A novel and significant aspect of the research is its comprehensive approach to key economic sectors that exert a profound influence on climate change. Through the conducted studies, it has been demonstrated what essential actions must be undertaken to transition towards a low or zero-emission economy. This paper points to a strong nexus between the transport sector, the energy sector, and climate change, underscoring the imperative for collaborative efforts and strategic initiatives among these sectors to address the pressing challenges associated with achieving climate neutrality.

ANALISIS RELOKASI PEMBANGKIT LISTRIK TENAGA SURYA ON-GRID KAPASITAS 75 kWp DI SMKN 1 DENPASAR

The solar energy potential in Bali ranges from 4.01 to 6.13 kWh/m²/day, with an average increase of 4.89 kWh/m²/day. For solutions and innovations in energy development from unlimited resources, the use of new renewable energy such as natural sources like the sun is being explored. The utilization of renewable energy sources in the production of electricity and the decision of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources, Ministerial Regulation ESDM No. 49 of 2018, concerns the use of rooftop solar energy systems by consumers of PT PL).. The presence of the PLTS Rooftop at SMKN 1 Denpasar has garnered attention for further analysis regarding the installed PLTS. The performance of the PLTS Rooftop system at SMKN 1 Denpasar is analyzed using PVSyst software to view production potential, then calculate performance parameters of the PLTS system compared to the production results during one year of operation. The relocation design of the rooftop PLTS was carried out using PVSyst software, and then the performance parameters in the new building were calculated. Based on the analysis, the rooftop PLTS at the building before relocation produced an energy output of 124,347 kWh/Year with a performance ratio of 85.6%. For the building after relocation at SMKN 1 Denpasar, the energy output of the PLTS is 133,977 kWh/Year with a performance ratio of 85.7%.

Robust co-planning of transmission expansion and merchant energy storage investments considering long- and short-term uncertainties

The decreasing cost of energy storage technologies and the increasing utilization of renewable energy sources have made distributed transmission-scale energy storage economically viable. Merchant energy storage investors can collect significant profits through spatiotemporal energy arbitrage from congested transmission lines. This paper formulates a three-stage, four-level min–min–max–min problem from the viewpoint of power system operators and planners such that they will build new transmission lines and identify potential locations for profitable merchant energy storage investments. The first level determines transmission expansion decisions from the system operator’s perspective. The second level plans potential investments in merchant energy storage to ensure profitability at a desired rate of return. The third level realizes the worst-case situations of long-term uncertainties related to the expansion of wind farms and peak load growth in each regional zone, while the fourth level simulates market clearing for representative days, modeling short-term uncertainties. A novel iterative nested column and constraint generation (C&CG) technique is adopted to cope with numerical issues caused by binary variables of transmission lines and storage blocks and the enormous size of the problem. The case study of a modified IEEE 24-bus test system was used to assess the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

Towards sustainable resource management: A short and long-run dynamics of mineral production on ecological footprint

The effect of mineral production on ecological footprint is examined in this study while controlling for economic growth, renewable energy consumption, and trade openness as additional determinants for Pakistan. On the empirical front, the study uses the “Dynamic Autoregressive Distributed Lag (DYNARDL)” simulations for the data collected between 1990 and 2021. The result portrays movement to the long-run equilibrium relationship when considering the ecological footprint as the outcome variable amidst mineral production, economic growth, renewable energy consumption, and trade openness as the covariates. Further, the finding shows temporal dynamics of mineral production on environmental quality with a short-term degradation versus long-term amelioration, which suggests that mineral production can be conducted more sustainably over time with an implication towards taking measures such as technological advancements, improved efficiency, and better waste management practices. Additionally, it failed to find evidence for the conventional “Environmental Kuznets Curve,” implying a need for policy reevaluation, reassessment of economic development models and accounting for environmental externalities in economic decision-making. Besides, as expected, the outcome demonstrates that using renewable energy lowers the ecological footprint both in long and short terms, which indicates that utilization of renewable energy sources reduces reliance on fossil fuels, resulting in decreased environmental degradation, thereby fostering the need for emphasis on the importance of continued technological innovation in renewable energy technologies to reduce the ecological footprint further. Moreover, it shows that trade openness improves the environmental quality in the short run (worsens it in the long run), thereby highlighting that trade openness may lead to short-term environmental benefits by promoting cleaner technologies and increasing resource efficiency. However, in the long term, trade openness can exacerbate environmental degradation due to economic priorities often taking precedence over environmental concerns.

Unravelling the role of financial development in shaping renewable energy consumption patterns: Insights from BRICS countries

In line with the pursuit of clean and affordable energy, our study contributes to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs-7 and -13) and the global fight against climate change by offering evidence-based insights. We conducted a panel analysis of BRICS (Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, China, and South Africa) economies to investigate the relationship between financial development and renewable energy utilization. Our empirical findings highlight a positive statistical association between economic growth and renewable energy consumption, indicating that higher economic growth correlates with increased renewable energy adoption. Similarly, significant positive relationships are observed between the consumer price index and domestic credit with renewable energy consumption. Moreover, our study also uncovers a counterintuitive relationship between foreign direct investment and renewable energy consumption. These results provide valuable insights into the determinants of renewable energy consumption in BRICS countries. From a policy perspective, we advocate for robust strategies to promote the adoption and utilization of renewable energy sources alongside the implementation of policies encouraging the uptake of clean technologies. Such measures can spur economic growth and contribute to achieving low-carbon targets and sustainability goals within the BRICS economies. Practical steps, including incentives like feed-in tariffs and subsidies, can further enhance the cost-effectiveness of renewable energy adoption in the investigated bloc.

Decentralized energy management of DC microgrids with PV, wind, BES, and fuel cell

Amidst the evolving energy landscape, there are an increasing demand for sustainability. With the global embrace of renewable sources such as wind and solar power, the urgency for innovative energy management solutions intensifies. This paper presents an energy management system tailored for a decentralized DC Micro-grid catering to a 10 kW DC load. The microgrid combining diverse renewable energy sources incorporating solar panels, wind turbines, battery energy storage systems (BESS), and a fuel cell serving as an emergency backup solution. The control strategy deployed for efficient operation is a PI cascade control approach. However, to optimize the performance of the controller, the parameter gains of the PI controller are enhanced using a metaheuristic algorithm, specifically the Genetic Algorithm (GA). The proposed system aims to garantuate a reliable and stable power supply to the DC load while maximizing the utilization of renewable energy sources, minimization hydrogen consumption and decreasing reliance on classical grid source. The effectiveness of the proposed energy management system is validated across simulation studies using MATLAB Simulink under various operating scenarios. These scenarios comprise serval environmental conditions, load profiles, and renewable energy availability. The simulation results demonstrate the capability of the system to efficiently manage power flow and enhance overall system performance in decentralized DC microgrid environments.

Geoscientific research's influence on renewable energy policies and ecological balancing

Geoscientific research plays a crucial role in shaping renewable energy policies and promoting ecological balance. This review explores the impact of geoscientific research on renewable energy policies and its role in ecological balancing. Geoscientific research provides valuable insights into the geological and environmental factors that influence the feasibility and sustainability of renewable energy projects. By studying the earth's processes, geoscientists can identify suitable locations for renewable energy installations, assess potential risks, and develop strategies to mitigate environmental impacts. One of the key ways in which geoscientific research influences renewable energy policies is through its contribution to resource assessment. Geoscientists use various techniques, such as geological mapping, geophysical surveys, and remote sensing, to identify and quantify renewable energy resources, such as solar, wind, and geothermal energy. This information is essential for policymakers to develop effective policies that promote the development and utilization of renewable energy sources. Furthermore, geoscientific research plays a crucial role in ecological balancing by providing insights into the environmental impacts of renewable energy projects. By studying the interactions between renewable energy installations and the surrounding environment, geoscientists can identify potential ecological risks and develop strategies to minimize them. This information is essential for policymakers to develop policies that ensure the sustainable development of renewable energy projects while protecting the environment. In conclusion, geoscientific research plays a crucial role in shaping renewable energy policies and promoting ecological balance. By providing valuable insights into renewable energy resources and their environmental impacts, geoscientists help policymakers develop effective policies that promote the sustainable development of renewable energy projects.

Comparison of three-phase inverter modulation techniques: a comprehensive analysis of SPWM and SVPWM

With the increasing utilization of renewable energy sources like solar and wind, three-phase inverters have become indispensable equipment for grid-connected energy systems, sparking significant research interest in the field of power electronics. This paper presents a comprehensive comparison of two primary modulation techniques employed in three-phase inverters: Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) control and Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) control. The aim is to elucidate their respective advantages and disadvantages, particularly focusing on their performance under various control models. Through a systematic analysis of parameters such as total harmonic distortion under different control schemes including the unity power factor control model, the V/F control model, and the modulation ratio, this paper delves into the operational principles, strengths, and weaknesses of SPWM and SVPWM. Additionally, it elucidates the distinctions between these two modulation techniques and their interconnections. Lastly, the paper provides insights into the future development prospects and identifies potential technical challenges in the realm of pulse width modulation techniques.

Origin of deactivation of aqueous Na–CO2 battery and mitigation for long-duration energy storage

The development of long-duration energy storage technology is crucial to facilitate the efficient utilization of renewable energy sources while mitigating carbon dioxide production. In this study, we investigate the deactivation and reactivation mechanisms of the aqueous Na–CO2 battery during extended cycling. We have designed the cathode to include non-precious intermetallic catalysts. As the cell undergoes repeated cycles, the voltage polarization during discharge progressively rises, eventually leading to the cell's deactivation and formation of decomposition products clogging the electrode surface. Results obtained from comprehensive characterization techniques, including conductive atomic force microscopy (cAFM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry provide insight into the decomposition products. We also showcase an electrochemical approach for regeneration of these aqueous cells. Our findings, along with the insights we have gained, provide a path toward creating long-duration systems with self-healing properties.

Sensitivity of an electrical impedance-based sensor for the liquid fraction estimation during melting and solidification inside a vertical rectangular enclosure

Monitoring the liquid fraction in latent thermal energy storages (LTESs) can enable the implementation of smart control strategies for improved performance and increased utilization of renewable energy sources. However, measuring the liquid fraction is challenging because solid-liquid phase change processes occur at nearly constant temperature. The present study explores an electrical impedance-based sensing technique that could become a non-intrusive and accurate alternative to determine the liquid fraction. The study examines the melting and solidification of a phase change material (PCM) inside a vertical rectangular enclosure with an isothermal wall. Two sets of electrodes are located on each of the side walls of the enclosure. Initially, numerical simulations of melting and solidification are performed to generate physically meaningful solid and liquid phase distributions. Then, these phase distributions are used as input for electrical simulations to estimate the response to changes in the liquid fraction of the electrical impedance between electrode pairs in in-line, front-facing and crosswise configurations. Also, the effect of the contrast ratios between the electrical conductivity of the solid and liquid phase on the sensitivity is assessed. The front-facing electrodes are found to have the best performance across a large range of conductivity ratios. The in-line electrodes perform the lowest because the sensitivity drastically decreases as a layer of the more conductive phase starts forming on the wall where the electrodes are located. An improvement in the performance of in-line electrodes is observed when the conductivity ratio is decreased.

Review of Cloud-Based Smart Energy Meters

Abstract: Smart meters represent a pivotal advancement inenergy management, offering numerous benefits to consumers and utility providers. This report provides an overview of smart meters, their functionalities, advantages, challenges, and broader implications for the energy industry. A smart meter is an advanced device that accurately measures electricity consumption. It's better than traditional meters, providing efficient tracking and insights into energy usage habits. Upgrade to a smart meter to make informed decisions and save money on electricity bills. These devices are a vital component of smart grid technology, which aims to enhance energy distribution and consumption efficiency, reliability, and sustainability. Modern technologies, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), have many applications in the energy sector. IoT can help to improve energy efficiency, increase the utilization of renewable energy sources, and reduce the environmental impact of energy use. It can achieve these goals in energy supply, transmission, distribution, and demand. This paper reviews the literature on IoT in energy metering systems and its essential components, functionality, and advantages over conventional metering systems.