Utilization Of Nitrate Nitrogen Research Articles

Rice straw increases microbial nitrogen fixation, bacterial and nifH genes abundance with the change of land use types.

Soil microorganisms play an important role in soil ecosystems as the main decomposers of carbon and nitrogen. They have an indispensable impact on soil health, and any alterations in the levels of organic carbon and inorganic nitrogen can significantly affect soil chemical properties and microbial community composition. Previous studies have focused on the effects of carbon and nitrogen addition on a single type of soil, but the response of soil microorganisms to varying carbon and nitrogen inputs under different land soil use types have been relatively understudied, leaving a gap in our understanding of the key influencing factors. To address this gap, we conducted a study in the tropical regions of Hainan province, focusing on four distinct land use types: natural forest soil (NS), healthy banana soil (HS), diseased banana garden soil (DS), and paddy soil (PS). Within each of these environments, we implemented five treatments: CK, RS (rice straw), RSN (rice straw and NH4NO3), RR (rice root), and RRN (rice root and NH4NO3). Our aim was to investigate how soil bacteria response to changes in carbon and nitrogen inputs, and to assess their potential for biological nitrogen fixation. The results showed that the addition of rice straw increased the absorption and utilization of nitrate nitrogen by microorganisms. The addition of rice roots (RR) did not increase the absorption capacity of inorganic nitrogen by microorganisms, but increased the content of poorly soluble organic carbon. Most importantly, the addition of rice straw increased microbial respiration and the utilization efficiency of N2 by microorganisms, and the further addition of ammonium nitrate increased microbial respiration intensity. With the change of soil type, the rice straw increases microbial nitrogen fixation, bacterial and nifH genes abundance. Meanwhile, microbial respiration intensity is an important factor influencing the differences in the structure of bacterial communities. The addition of inorganic nitrogen resulted in ammonium nitrogen accumulation, reduced microbial richness and diversity, consequently diminishing the soil microorganisms to resist the environment. Therefore, we believe that with the change of soil types, corresponding soil nutrient retention strategies should be devised and incorporated while reducing the application of ammonium nitrogen, thus ensuring healthy soil development.

Effects of exogenous hormones on the regeneration of juveniles from Sargassum fusiforme holdfasts

During the cultivation of Sargassum fusiforme, sexual reproduction of superior strains can hinder the stable inheritance of their desirable traits and reduce their economic benefits. However, vegetative reproduction of S. fusiforme holdfasts has high potential for subculture. In this study, we investigated the effects of different concentrations of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), gibberellin (GA3), and 6-benzyladenine (BAP) on the growth and regeneration of S. fusiforme holdfasts. Exogenous application of 1.5, 2 mg·L-1NAA, 1.5 mg·L-1 GA3 or 2, 3 mg·L-1BAP significantly promoted photosynthetic activity and the absorption and utilization of nitrate nitrogen in S. fusiforme holdfasts, thus improving the relative growth rate (RGR) and regeneration rate (RR) and shortening the time for the regeneration of juveniles from S. fusiforme holdfasts to around the 6th day. Among these, the RGR and RR at the end of the culture period with 1.5 mg·L-1 of NAA increased by 118.9% and 67.4%, respectively, compared with those of the control group. However, treatment with 1.5 mg·L-1 GA3 increased the RR of S. fusiforme holdfasts by 58.8% compared with that of the control group. Under BAP treatment at 3 mg·L-1, the RR of S. fusiforme holdfasts increased by 23.4% compared with that of the control group; its promoting effect was thus weaker than that of NAA and GA3. When the concentration of GA3 or BAP was too high (3 mg·L-1; 5 mg·L-1), the RR of the holdfasts decreased by 46.5% and 42.8%, respectively compared with that of the control group. Therefore, exogenous application of NAA at 1.5 mg·L-1, GA3 at 1.5 mg·L-1, and BAP at 3 mg·L-1 can be used to induce regeneration of S. fusiforme holdfasts, shorten the culture time of regenerated seedlings, and obtain more regenerative seedlings, thereby improving economic efficiency.

Improved Utilization of Nitrate Nitrogen Through Within-Leaf Nitrogen Allocation Trade-Offs in Leymus chinensis.

The Sharply increasing atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition may substantially impact the N availability and photosynthetic capacity of terrestrial plants. Determining the trade-off relationship between within-leaf N sources and allocation is therefore critical for understanding the photosynthetic response to nitrogen deposition in grassland ecosystems. We conducted field experiments to examine the effects of inorganic nitrogen addition (sole NH4+, sole NO3– and mixed NH4+/NO3–: 50%/50%) on N assimilation and allocation by Leymus chinensis. The leaf N allocated to the photosynthetic apparatus (NPSN) and chlorophyll content per unit area (Chlarea) were significantly positively correlated with the photosynthetic N-use efficiency (PNUE). The sole NO3– treatment significantly increased the plant leaf PNUE and biomass by increasing the photosynthetic N allocation and Chlarea. Under the NO3 treatment, L. chinensis plants devoted more N to their bioenergetics and light-harvesting systems to increase electron transfer. Plants reduced the cell wall N allocation or increased their soluble protein concentrations to balance growth and defense under the NO3 treatment. In the sole NH4+ treatment, however, plants decreased their N allocation to photosynthetic components, but increased their N allocation to the cell wall and elsewhere. Our findings demonstrated that within-leaf N allocation optimization is a key adaptive mechanism by which plants maximize their PNUE and biomass under predicted future global changes.

植物によるNO_3-N利用に関する研究(第3報) : NO_3-N供給の開始または停止による植物根の硝酸還元と各種体内成分の消長について

植物によるNO_3-N利用に関する研究(第3報) : NO_3-N供給の開始または停止による植物根の硝酸還元と各種体内成分の消長について

植物によるNO_3-N利用に関する研究(第8報) : 大豆各着位葉の硝酸還元酵素活性の消長について

植物によるNO_3-N利用に関する研究(第8報) : 大豆各着位葉の硝酸還元酵素活性の消長について

The effect of calcium on the growth ofChlorella andScenedesmus

The paper deals with the problem of the significance of Ca2+ for the growth of algae, its participation in the process of nitrate and ammonium nitrogen utilization, and with the possibility of substituting Sr2+ for it. It was revealed that calcium represents a microbiogenous element for the algae tested, which takes part in the utilization of nitrate nitrogen. It cannot be replaced by strontium especially at a high growth rate of mixotrophically cultivated algae (ina glucose medium).

Nutritional Study of Cyathus Helenae and Related Species

Growth of Cyathus helenae occurred within a pH range of 5-7. Greatest growth was recorded when only 8-10 hr of light were supplied. Blue and red light reduced the growth of C. helenae. Zinc had a stimulatory effect; slight inhibition of growth occurred in the presence of copper, iron, and manganese. Glucose and maltose were utilized by C. helenae almost equally well; fructose, sucrose, and starch also were utilized but mannitol was not. Cyathus helenae showed a tendency for latent utilization of nitrate nitrogen; growth was greater in a combination of nitrate and asparagine. Peptone was slightly inhibitory to growth. The growth patterns of C. africanus, C. helenae, and C. striatus were similar on both a semisynthetic and a synthetic medium.

Utilization of Nitrate Nitrogen in Higher Plants (Part 7) : The Inducibility of NADH : Nitrate Oxidoreductase and the Enzyme Activity Affected by Leaf Position in Rice Plants

Utilization of Nitrate Nitrogen in Higher Plants (Part 7) : The Inducibility of NADH : Nitrate Oxidoreductase and the Enzyme Activity Affected by Leaf Position in Rice Plants

Utilization of Nitrate Nitrogen in Higher Plants (Part 4) : Relationship between Nitrate Reductase Activity and Ascorbic Acid Oxidase System in Soybean and Broad Bean Plants

Utilization of Nitrate Nitrogen in Higher Plants (Part 4) : Relationship between Nitrate Reductase Activity and Ascorbic Acid Oxidase System in Soybean and Broad Bean Plants

Utilization of Nitrate Nitrogen in Higher Plants (Part 5) : Purification and Properties of NADH : Nitrate Oxidoreductase from the Leaves of Broad Bean Seedlings

Utilization of Nitrate Nitrogen in Higher Plants (Part 5) : Purification and Properties of NADH : Nitrate Oxidoreductase from the Leaves of Broad Bean Seedlings

Utilization of Nitrate Nitrogen in Higher Plants (Part 6) : Photoreduction of Nitrate with Nitrate Reductase and Grana from the Leaves of Broad Bean Seedlings

Utilization of Nitrate Nitrogen in Higher Plants (Part 6) : Photoreduction of Nitrate with Nitrate Reductase and Grana from the Leaves of Broad Bean Seedlings

THE METABOLISM OF INORGANIC NITROGEN AND ITS COMPOUNDS IN MICRO-ORGANISMS.

THE METABOLISM OF INORGANIC NITROGEN AND ITS COMPOUNDS IN MICRO-ORGANISMS.

The effect of cobalt deficiency on the utilization of nitrate nitrogen in Rhizobium

The effect of cobalt deficiency on the utilization of nitrate nitrogen in Rhizobium

The Absorption and Utilization of Nitrate Nitrogen during Vegetative Growth by Illinois High Protein and Illinois Low Protein Corn1

The Absorption and Utilization of Nitrate Nitrogen during Vegetative Growth by Illinois High Protein and Illinois Low Protein Corn¹