Utilitarian Conception Research Articles

The Barrier Factors of Social Empowerment Through Business Assistance as A Challenge in Realizing the Concept of Utilitarianism

This study aims to analyze the barrier factors of social empowerment through business assistance in Bontonompo District as a challenge in realizing the concept of utilitarianism. Type of the research was an empirical legal research through a sociological juridical approach. The research location is in Bontonompo District, Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi Province. The data sources used consist of primary data sources and secondary data sources. Primary data sources include interviews, questionnaires, and direct field observations. Secondary data sources are obtained from documents and scientific journals. The research uses descriptive quantitative analysis by projecting the collected data. The research results show that the barrier factors of social empowerment through business assistance include legal, law enforcement, infrastructure, community, and cultural factors. Therefore, the government must ensure that social empowerment through business assistance is oriented toward community self-reliance, resulting in an improved standard of living as a manifestation of the concept of utilitarianism.

Matchmaking in Sunan Giri Salatiga Islamic Boarding School: A Review of J.S. Mill's Utilitarianism

This article analyses the concept of utilitarianism proposed by J.S. Mill and its application in the context of arranged marriages at Sunan Giri Islamic Boarding School in Salatiga. Furthermore, the purpose of this research is to analyse an arranged marriage that occurs in an Islamic boarding school using the theory of utilitarianism presented by J.S. Mill. The research applied is field research with a qualitative method that is descriptive analytical, and uses a phenomenological approach using J.S Mill's theory. Data was collected through interviews conducted with the parties involved both online and offline, which in this case is the Kiai of the pesantren or Abah Rikul and senior students and students who have been successfully matched. It was found that in terms of the causes and effects of matchmaking that occurred in line with the ultimate goal to be achieved by utilitarianism. The results showed that the arranged marriage that occurred at Pondok Sunan Giri was actually to maintain the principles of utilitarianism, namely as follows: a) In the aspect of usefulness that arranged marriages are actually to maintain the dignity of the santri themselves. b) Then in the aspect of justice, that arranged marriages that occur at the cottage are democratic in which the final decision holder is fully in the approval of the prospective bride and groom, c) Then then there are individual interests. As a basic capital, to serve in the community, d) Then the last is the public interest. In this case it is contained in the purpose of matchmaking where according to Abah Rikul the matchmaking must be able to have a positive effect on the benefit of as many people as possible.

Examining metaverse game platform adoption: Insights from innovation, behavior, and coolness

The primary objective of this study is to examine the factors influencing player acceptance of metaverse game platforms. In pursuit of this goal, we introduce an integrated adoption model for metaverse game platforms, drawing insights from four established academic frameworks: the diffusion of innovation theory, hedonic and utilitarian concepts, the theory of planned behavior, and the coolness concept. This integrated approach enhances our comprehension of the user experience. Our research involved the collection of 1447 validated samples, and we employed both structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis to scrutinize the proposed research model. The statistical findings affirm the substantial roles played by compatibility, trialability, complexity, attractiveness, and subcultural influence as indirect factors, along with attitude and enjoyment as direct determinants, contributing to players' intention to use these platforms. Drawing from these implications, we put forth several theoretical and practical foundations for future investigations into metaverse game platforms, while also acknowledging certain limitations.

The Influence of AI in the Media Work Force: How Companies Use an Array of Legal Remedies

The emergence of ChatGPT and other related artificial intelligence systems has posed many questions upon the impact that such tools could have on some jobs, including media workers. Serious legal concerns have arisen regarding the learning practices of AI-related companies such as OpenAI and Google. These concerns involve crawling and extracting presumably unauthorized copyright works from news repositories, whose rightholders are often media companies. In this article, we aim to categorize the newsroom practices and routines affected by artificial intelligence. We also explore copyright-law related issues, including AI-assisted reporting, its impact on journalists and the media workforce, SEO and commercial strategies, as well as training and blocking AI engines. The legal solutions applied to solve those questions are also addressed, including technical solutions, fair use guidelines and legal solutions (litigation, legislative reform, and negotiation). Our conclusion is twofold: first, in the unequal fight against artificial intelligence systems, a utilitarian and entrepreneurial conception of intellectual property is enforced; and second, the position of journalists as authors is weakening.

Autonomous vehicles and consumer acceptance: a bibliometric analysis perspective

PurposeRecently, autonomous vehicles (AV) acceptance has been studied intensively. This paper aims to map and analyze the bibliometric characteristics of AV acceptance literature. Furthermore, this research aims to identify research gaps and propose future research opportunities.Design/methodology/approachThe bibliometric analysis was performed. Scopus database was used as the source of the literature. This study selected and analyzed 297 AV acceptance papers. The performance and science mapping analysis were performed.FindingsThe developed countries tended to dominate the topic. The publication outlet tended to be in transportation or technology journals. There were four research themes in existing literature. Technology acceptance model (TAM) and UTAUT2 tended to be used for explaining AV acceptance. AV acceptance studies tended to use two types of psychological concepts for understanding AV acceptance, namely risk related concepts and functional utilitarian benefit related concepts. In the context of research design, quantitative approach tended to be used. Self-driving feature was the most exploited feature of AV in the existing literature. Three research gaps were mapped and future research opportunities were proposed.Practical implicationsThis paper provided a comprehensive information that allowed scientists to develop future research on AV acceptance.Originality/valueThere is lack of paper that discussed the bibliometric characteristics of AV acceptance literature. This paper fulfilled the gap.

Bentham's Utilitarianism Ethical Theory and Its Application in the Triage System: A Scholarly Philosophical Paper

Background: Jeremy Bentham introduced Utilitarianism, which is one of the normative ethical theories that impose procedures that maximize happiness and well-being for all intended individuals. Utilitarianism has been applied to the crisis of global poverty, the ethics of raising animals for food, and social welfare economics. Purpose: This study aims to apply Bentham’s utilitarianism ethical theory in the triage system. Methods: In the current paper, we study the application of the concept of utilitarianism in the triage system in disasters as an example of a nursing healthcare system. Results: Utilitarianism is a practical framework for the triage system during crises and pandemics. It represents an important style of thought in modern life. Conclusion: Utilitarianism could be applied in some situations, such as pandemics and crises. However, it has some limitations related to being unable to apply some principles of human rights and social justice. Implications for Nursing: This paper underscores nurses' crucial role in navigating ethical dilemmas in the triage system, advocating for a practical framework grounded in the utilitarianism ethical theory. Nursing institutions should establish clear guidelines and provide ongoing training to equip nurses with the skills needed for effective ethical decision-making in resources care environments. Keywords: Jeremy Bentham, Utilitarianism, Triage system, Nursing, Philosophy.

Jaspers’s Struggle for the Idea of the University

The aim of the study presented here is to show that Jasper’s idea of university is intended to present a defence of philosophical life of a university against its reduction to a merely utilitarian concept. Jaspers follows up on the enlightened role of philosophy within university education and develops it in the conditions of the dark twentieth century. He views philosophical life as a precondition for preserving university as a place of a close bond between science and humanity, which turned out to be much needed at a time of the rise of Nazism in Germany. The study shows the crucial importance of philosophy, science and education in Jaspers' thought for the preservation of a free university. This study shows, within a historical context, the restoration of university in democratic conditions after the end of the Nazi Era.

THE CONCEPT OF UTILITARIANISM IN THE SHORT STORY “THE ONES WHO WALK AWAY FROM OMELAS” IN “THE WIND'S TWELVE QUARTERS” BY URSULA KROEBER LE GUIN

This study examines the concept of utilitarianism presented in the short story "The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" in "The Wind's Twelve Quarter" by Ursula K. Le Guin. Through an ethical approach in sociology literature, this study aims to analyze the ethical implications of collective action in achieving general happiness in Omelas. Through analysis of the sociology of literature, this study reveals the social practices of utilitarianism presented in the story. In utilitarianism through ethical theory developed by philosophers Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, argues that a good action is an action that produces as much happiness as possible for as many people as possible. In the context of this short story, society has collectively chosen to maintain general happiness by ignoring the fate of the oppressed individual. This raises deep ethical questions about the justice and morality of emotional action. This study also analyzes the attitudes of individuals who choose to leave Omelas. This action shows disapproval of the principle of utilitarianism which sacrifices one individual for the sake of broad happiness. The attitude of individuals who dare to walk raises ethical overtones about our responsibilities to society and individuals. Through an analysis of ethical theory in a literary sociology approach, this study concludes that "The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas" pushes to limit the ethical boundaries of utilitarianism and change moral compromises in achieving peace. The social and psychological implications of this story awaken our awareness of the moral dilemmas associated with emotional action and raise deep ethical questions about human values ​​and justice.
 Keywords: Utilitarianism, Sociology of Literature, Ethics

The Estimation of Physical Distances Between Oneself and a Social Robot: Am I as Far From the Robot as It is from Me?

Research on the perception of interpersonal distance has shown the existence of an asymmetry effect which depends on the reference point of the estimation: the distance from oneself to others can be perceived as longer or shorter than the distance from others to oneself. The mechanism underlying this asymmetric effect is related to the object's cognitive salience. The self often functions as a habitual reference point and therefore one's own salience may be higher than that of other objects. In this case, an egocentric asymmetry effect appears with a perceived shorter distance from others to oneself. However, if others are more salient than oneself, then the reverse can happen (allocentric asymmetry effect). The present work investigates if asymmetry in self-other(s) distance perception changes when the other is a social robot. An experiment was conducted with 174 participants who were asked to estimate the distance between themselves and both robotic and human assistants on a schematic map of a hospital emergency room (between-subjects design). With robust ANOVA, the results showed that the participants felt closer to the human assistant than to the robot, notably when the person served as the estimation reference point. Perceived distances to the social robot were not significantly distorted. If a rather allocentric effect with the human assistant might reflect an affiliation goal on the part of the participants, the absence of effect with the social robot forces us to reconsider its humanization. This could nevertheless reflect a purely mechanical and utilitarian conception of it.

Political evaluation of tourism impacts on residents and their domain – Conceptual considerations and a call for an imperative and freedom-based perspective

Abstract Tourism policy traditionally focuses on the nexus of tourist-resident interaction and has the duty to balance the often-conflicting interests. In policy practice and academia alike, the evaluation of the nexus seems to be dominated by utilitarian ideas and concepts focusing on the objective outcome. This perspective is closely linked to a Hegelian-induced philosophy of an objective mind. In contrast to that, the paper advocates for an imperative-based perspective, as proposed by Kant, to ensure a more humanistic approach. To facilitate that approach, it derives the ideas from the legal science technique of practical concordance to balance the freedoms and interests of all parties involved without proclaiming superior knowledge.

UTILITARIANISME DAN PERANNYA DALAM PROSES PENYUSUNAN RENCANA ANGGARAN PENDAPATAN DAN BELANJA DAERAH (RAPBD)

In the science of law, it is known as a school or school that is adhered to by everyone where there tends to be a dogmatic nature in that school. One of the schools that exist is the school of utilitarianism pioneered by Jeremy Bentham which states that the purpose of law is to provide the greatest happiness to the greatest number. One of the legal policies referred to is the RAPBD which is stipulated through a Regional Regulation whose drafting authority is given to the DPRD together with the Regional Government. Where in the process of drafting the RAPBD as a legal product it must be under the substance of the legal ideals namely certainty, justice, and expediency. So it needs to be investigated academically regarding the role of utilitarianism in the drafting process of the RAPBD. This research is normative research that uses a literature approach where the source of data comes from legislation and legal theories. This research results in the conclusion that the concept of utilitarianism has an important point in the process of preparing the RAPBD because the ultimate goal of the budget is to provide welfare value to society in general.Keywords: APBD; Utilitarianism; RAPBD.

Етичний принцип справедливості у просовуванні концепції людського розвитку

Justice is one of the concepts that are most often used in modern Ukrainian political and scientific discourse. The phenomenon of justice is complex and multifaceted and characterizes the entire system of social relations in all the diversity of its specific manifestations in the field of promoting the concept of human development. Since ancient times, justice has been one of the main subjects of scientific research by sociologists, economists, and philosophers of Western and Eastern European countries. Now, there are several interpretations of this notion. One of the most widespread is the definition of justice from the theoretical standpoint of the so-called “transcendental institutionalism”, which is the basis of the works of many famous theoreticians. Within this trend, there are competing points of view regarding approaches to the realization of justice. The concept of utilitarianism, which was widespread in the second half of the 20th century, has its adherents, in respect of the fair content of human development, even in our time. The article defends the logical construction of justice, which is at the intersection of economic theory and moral philosophy. Based on the tradition associated with Adam Smith’s classic political economy, it is grounded on the procedure of public choice, comparison and ranking of priorities. Continuous improvement and regulation of human development processes are oppo sed to the established rigid institutional approach that underlies the contract theory. The aim of the study is to reveal justice as a concept that contains requirements for adequacy of its theoretical interpretation to the practical role regarding individuals upholding their rights. The novelty is substantiating of the constructive significance of justice as an ethical category and the proximity of its democratic procedures to the real-life problems of people, which gives it priority over other similar scientific currents and concepts of liberal democratic orientation. The method of comparative analysis of definitions of social justice in the course of its evolutionary development is applied. Tools for soft modeling of socially fair consumption of goods and services by different income groups of the population are proposed.

The Concept of Utilitarianism to Realize Consumer Protection in the Financial Services Sector

Global changes in the world of financial technology have affected and affected the world of banking and national financial services. Starting from banking, capital markets, financial institutions, financial services and the existence of consumers themselves, both directly and indirectly. The development of financial technology must be an aspect that the OJK needs to pay attention to and anticipate. Because this global change will have a direct or indirect impact on the domestic situation or the structure of financial services. and the efficiency of financial services, known as Financial Technology or Fintech (P2P lending), which is growing rapidly in Indonesia, the advantages of borrowing and borrowing money through P2P-lending services another is that the terms are very easy and the process is fast compared to borrowing money through a bank institution. However, the ease of transactions offered by P2P-lending services actually weakens the position of consumers. Problems 1). Does online lending fulfill a sense of benefit for consumers?, 2). How is the application of the concept of utilitarianism to realize fintech (Financial Technology) consumer protection. The aim is to find out how the benefits of fintech (financial technology) are for consumers.

El diseño utilitario

Given the limitations of the expediency/conservation dichotomy for understanding the lithic assemblages from the first millennium in Antofagasta de la Sierra (Catamarca, Argentina), the utilitarian design proposal constitutes progress toward understanding the specific technology of agropastoral societies. The term raised the issue that the lack of conservation-related elements poses for describing the material product of an expeditious strategy. The proposal subsequently supported efforts to estimate the work that the formative societies of Northwestern Argentina invested in lithic production. This research revisits its contributions, applying them to the knapped stone assemblage of Structure 4 (E4) at the Las Escondidas site (Quebrada de Miriguaca, Antofagasta de la Sierra) – a site occupied at the beginning of the first millennium, that shows different activities, including artisan production. Reconstructing some aspects of the technological behavior involved in the production, use and disposal of the instrument set at E4 gave rise to several reflections on the scope and applicability of the utilitarian design concept in relation to work investment.

Happiness and Individual

The term ‘Happiness’ is considered as an emotional state which is characterized by feelings of joy, satisfaction, contentment and fulfillment. According to Aristotle happiness comes in achieving all the goods regarding health, wealth, knowledge etc which leads to the perfection of human nature and to the enrichment of human life through the period of a whole lifetime. In this present paper, basically I shall attempt to concentrate on Mill’s concept of Utilitarianism. Utilitarianism is regarded as the Greatest Happiness Principle. It is one of the important theories of ethics. This theory emphasizes the greatest happiness of the greatest number as the ethical standard. According to this theory, an action is morally right if its consequences lead to happiness (absence of pain) and wrong if it ends in unhappiness (pain). It was Jeremy Bentham, who did most to systematize utilitarianism. Bentham’s disciple, J. S. Mill, was the next great utilitarian. This paper consists of three sections. The first section contains Mill’s view on individual liberty. In the second section, I have discussed Millian concept of utilitarianism in general and finally I conclude my discussion by raising the question whether Millian view of utilitarianism can ultimately be maintained consistently with his concept of individual liberty.

Utilitarian Concept of Mind and Mental Health

IntroductionMany classification system and mental health act in many country attempted to define mental illness but mental health perse has not been defined.Some unaddressed question like ” what is diseased in mental illness, what do you treat or set right by treatment, how the psychiatrist say that a pateint is improved and describe or define mental health” are addressed.ObjectivesWorking concept for professionals of all allied clinical disciplines. Enable them to understand mental illness and mental health in a uniform and consistent way. Enable all MHP to speak the same language, without room for personal bias. Avoid misconceptions and reduce the stigma with mental illnessMethodsWe divided spectrum of mental health into Mentally Healthy, Not Healthy, Unhealthy and ill . Based on two dimension: 1. impact on self and 2. Impact on other. Awareness of ones own self, ability to relate well with other and ones own actions are useful to self as well as others are the three arms of mental health.ResultsA presentation was given to psychiatrist & allied sciences professional & members from judicairy, technolocrats, industrialist and educationist. Interaction was recorded and analysed, people even gave their responses comments and suggestions by mail and writing.ConclusionsMind is defined as a functional concept consists of Mood Thought and Intellect which is nicely amalgamated in a synchronised manner which always function in unison and the constituents cannot function in isolation. The three arms of the mental health are used to develop a tool to measure the same. All details will be discussed during the presentation.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

Unidireccionalidad, promoción partidista y polarización. Actividad en Twitter de los candidatos a la presidencia del Gobierno de España en las elecciones generales de 2019

This paper analyzes the use of Twitter by the candidates for the presidency of the Government of Spain of the five main parties at the national level –PSOE, PP, Vox, Podemos, and Ciudadanos– during the general elections campaigns held in April and November 2019. The main purpose of this study is to determine the strategies regarding the use of the microblogging network by the leaders, in terms of activity, interaction, and fame, and in terms of topics and discursive development, as well as their similarities and differences. The secondary objective is to study the evolution of these strategies both between the two campaigns and with respect to previous elections. To this end, this research is based on a content analysis methodology that studies quantitative, qualitative, and discursive elements. The results reveal an uneven use of Twitter in terms of frequency of updates, but similar in terms of its unidirectionality, with scarce interaction with other users and a predominance of tweets with their own content over retweets. The dissemination of other people’s content was used almost entirely to promote the candidate’s political party and, to a lesser extent, to interact with journalists. Dialog with citizens was almost always residual, both in retweets and in responses. This utilitarian conception of the microblogging network was accompanied by a polarizing thematic selection, with an almost general preponderance of political over policy issues.

Utilitarianism and the Westernization of Modern Mohist Studies

Abstract The term “utilitarianism” in English translates into Chinese as gongli zhuyi. When Liang Qichao and Hu Shi first imported the concept of utilitarianism into the study of Mohist thought, the term was initially translated as shili zhuyi or leli zhuyi. The use of gongli zhuyi in Mohist studies was established only through the efforts of Yan Fu and Wu Yu to break down the negative connotations of gongli in traditional Chinese culture and through the systematic research and scholarly influence of Feng Youlan. The study of Mohist thought within the framework of utilitarianism as gongli zhuyi is now common practice throughout academia with few scholars objecting to the use of this term.

LA FOI COMME PASSION ET ADHESION : UN PARADOXE ABSOLU DANS LA PENSEE DE SOREN KIERKEGAARD

The man's utilitarian conception is sustained by the men, who have sought-after qualities. The sciences even go as far as writing the man's theories ready to the manipulation or even his judgment. These attitudes send back us to the critique that Soren Kierkegaard had formulated against the faith. What imports thus in Christianity is not to understand but to live according to all his requirements and in the fullness of his sense. Whatever he doesn't sustain the subjectivism, by his demands, he wants to put in relief the value that is" individual ". He finds in Christianity the source of his demand. 
 The problematic of our investigating, driven us to know what it is the faith, as passion and adherence in the philosophy of Kierkegaard. This last consists of the faith, here that that in his way, Hegel with a lot of exactness, name the interior certainty, that anticipates the infinity. The faith has his own rationality of that the reason will never consist. It is what the absolute paradox of Kierkegaard founds. Kierkegaard has the merit to have inaugurated a reflection fascinated on the existing and to his situation in the world. Of the different treaties on the anguish, the despair, guilt, main existential dramas that it exhumed, gave back a new breath to the philosophical reflection.

Second Language Learning: Discovering an Unknown Path into a Brand New World

Twenty-six learners of English enrolled in an MA course were asked to give the metaphors which they think best capture the essence of their learning experience so far. Their metaphors tell how English learning had introduced them to a brand new world and, once they were inside it, led them to a seemingly endless series of new discoveries. The unpredictability of these discoveries had been like ‘reading a magic story’. Students had often faced challenges but had also derived satisfaction from overcoming them. The metaphors connect more strongly with ‘intrinsic’ motivation than with the more utilitarian concepts of ‘extrinsic’ and ‘instrumental’ motivation. This might reflect the composition of the learner group, who had all chosen to specialize in some form of English study in their previous education. However that may be, they encourage us to create space in our teaching for the humanistic dimensions of imagination and creativity, even in courses where the explicit aim is to serve a specific pragmatic purpose.