Use Of Wood Waste Research Articles

Polyester and Hymenaea Courbaril Residue for Sustainable Composite Manufacturing

Objective: To evaluate the mechanical behavior of polymer composites reinforced by wood residue known as Játobá (Hymenaea Courbaril), in powder form. It aims to reduce impacts to the environment through the use of waste. Theoretical Framework: Composites are generated from the union of materials, aiming to obtain specific properties arising from their components. Usually these are divided into two phases, matrix. The possibility of using materials less harmful to the environment in composite has gained prominence in research in the area. Method: To obtain the properties of the composites, standardized specimens were manufactured according to ASTM D638. The matrix selected was terephthalic polyester resin and the reinforcement was Játobá wood residue, in the form of powder. The results were obtained by tensile strength tests. Results and Discussion: The average value of tensile strength obtained was 11.76 (±1.70) MPa. The comparison of the results of this study with other literature revealed the superiority of the tensile strength of the composite of the present work in relation to others with different reinforcements of wood residues. Research Implications: The use of wood waste in composites is beneficial for reducing the irregular disposal of matter in the environment. Also, it aims to generate added value to a useless material. Originality/Value: The use of natural and renewable materials as reinforcement in composites is of great relevance, aiming to reduce the use of synthetic raw material. In addition, there is the manufacture of composites of low cost and weight and feasibility of manufacture.

Polyester and Hymenaea Courbaril Residue for Sustainable Composite Manufacturing

Objective: To evaluate the mechanical behavior of polymer composites reinforced by wood residue known as Játobá (Hymenaea Courbaril), in powder form. It aims to reduce impacts to the environment through the use of waste. Theoretical Framework: Composites are generated from the union of materials, aiming to obtain specific properties arising from their components. Usually these are divided into two phases, matrix. The possibility of using materials less harmful to the environment in composite has gained prominence in research in the area. Method: To obtain the properties of the composites, standardized specimens were manufactured according to ASTM D638. The matrix selected was terephthalic polyester resin and the reinforcement was Játobá wood residue, in the form of powder. The results were obtained by tensile strength tests. Results and Discussion: The average value of tensile strength obtained was 11.76 (±1.70) MPa. The comparison of the results of this study with other literature revealed the superiority of the tensile strength of the composite of the present work in relation to others with different reinforcements of wood residues. Research Implications: The use of wood waste in composites is beneficial for reducing the irregular disposal of matter in the environment. Also, it aims to generate added value to a useless material. Originality/Value: The use of natural and renewable materials as reinforcement in composites is of great relevance, aiming to reduce the use of synthetic raw material. In addition, there is the manufacture of composites of low cost and weight and feasibility of manufacture.

Preparation and performance research of ecological concrete using waste wood

To mitigate environmental damage from mineral aggregate extraction, bio-based materials have garnered research interest as potential replacements for natural mineral aggregates. This work utilized waste wood as filler to prepare lightweight foam concrete with thermal insulation, low-temperature and corrosion resistance properties. The feasibility of using wood aggregate-based foam concrete (WFC) was explored in terms of dry density, softening coefficient, compressive strength, thermal conductivity, chloride ion permeability, freezing resistance, and sulfate attack resistance. Results showed that simultaneous addition of waste wood aggregate (WA) and foam effectively reduced WFC bulk weight and thermal conductivity while enhancing water resistance. However, the porous morphology of WA and foam caused the reduction of mechanical properties. In terms of durability, the addition of WA can increase the energy absorption capacity when WFC is subjected to expansion stress, reduce the damage to the structure, and have an inhibiting effect on the cracking of WFC caused by sulfate attack and freeze-thaw cycles. Nevertheless, WA's high water absorption loosened the matrix in WFC's interfacial transition zone (ITZ), increasing harmful pores and negatively affecting durability. In addition, in order to predict the mechanical properties of WFC and the resistance to sulfate attack, this study established a function model for the relationship between the compressive strength (Maintenance specimens of the same age and Specimen of sulfate attack) and the WA dosage. In conclusion, The use of waste wood for the preparation of WFC is more advantageous and sustainable than conventional foam concrete for the insulation of precast walls and coastal structures.

Mechanical and acoustic performance of mortar with partial replacement by biochar from civil construction wood waste at advanced ages

Civil construction generates large amounts of solid waste, most of which are non-toxic, but extremely voluminous, resulting in a contemporary sanitary health problem. Furthermore, cement fabrication, a widely used binding material, is responsible for the emission of 8% of the world’s CO2 into the atmosphere, making it an industry with a great environmental impact. The consumption figures of cement show an significant increasing over the years. Therefore, much research has focused on the search for energy efficiency in the production processes of cement and materials with potential use as additions, allowing the reduction of clinker consumption, the main component of the cement. In this sense, this research made use of wood waste from civil construction, and through the pyrolysis process, partially replaced cement with biochar at high levels compared to existing research, seeking to find an efficient replacement limit and analyzing its sound absorption and mechanical properties at advanced ages. Mortars were produced with levels of 5%, 10%, and 15% (m/m), replacing cement with biochar. The results demonstrated better mechanical performance at advanced ages, up to 30% for compression and 15% for tensile strength with 10% biochar, and lower water absorption by capillarity. Its acoustic performance showed that the samples with biochar did not exhibit properties of a sound-absorbing material.

Karang Taruna Training in Processing Wood Waste Into Sellable Goods in Nagari Koto Baru Simalanggang District Limapuluh Kota

Nowadays, the opportunity to get a job is depend on education degree. Therefore, looking for job opportunities such as entrepreneurship is an alternative for people who have limited degree of education. The 50 kota sub-district is the area with the largest coconut plantations in the 50 kota district. Apart from producing coconuts for sale, coconut trees can also be used as material for making furniture. This is a business opportunity for residents by utilizing coconut tree waste and wood waste. The solution to this condition is to provide knowledge training to young people who are not yet working and wood business people in the area to be able to create innovative furniture products. Of course it has a connection in reducing the number of people who are not working. The use of wood waste that can be obtained from processing coconut trees that are quite old and cannot produce good coconuts, as well as other wood waste can be utilized by creating simple furniture/decoration products that have selling value. This can certainly be a business opportunity for the community/youth of Karang Taruna who have not/don't work to become competent entrepreneurs independently. PKM activities begin with conducting field observations, providing material regarding sources of wood waste, types of wood, marketing steps in selling furniture products and continue with providing training on how to process wood waste into simple furniture/decoration products. The implementation of the work is carried out directly by the community/youth of Karang Taruna, then an evaluation is carried out by looking at the results of the product work by looking at its attractiveness and aesthetics so that it can become an item of marketable value on the market.

The technology of crushed wood as a factor of environmentally safe forest management

The article considers the prospect of using technologies for processing low-quality, damaged wood and wood waste by grinding in the interests of energy use. The data on the dynamics of the increase in the areas of plantations with impaired and lost stability, the causes of these phenomena on the example of the Krasnoyarsk Territory are presented. Various options for the disposal and use of wood waste, including from logging activities, are described. The main advantages and possible disadvantages of the introduction of technological processes for grinding wood raw materials are also given. The analysis of trends in the production of wood pellets in Russia and the world is carried out. Attention is paid to minimizing the impact of existing wood processing technologies on environmental safety and improving the efficiency of business activities based on the involvement of wood waste in the production process as raw materials for the fuel and energy sector, as well as obtaining new, highly liquid products and materials. The materials of the work can be used in making decisions related to the involvement in industrial production or disposal of low-quality, damaged wood and wood waste.

Utilization of Wood Waste for Boiler Fuel (Case Study at PT. Putra Albasia Mandiri)

The wood processing production system in its activities always produces waste in the form of husks or pieces of wood. The opportunity to control wood waste can be used to heat boilers as a substitute for fuel oil. This study on the use of wood waste was carried out to assess technical, economic and environmental aspects. An assessment of the technical aspect was carried out to see the efficiency of using wood waste compared to fuel oil. Financial aspects are an important consideration in utilizing wood waste, while environmental aspects. Studies show that diesel fuel consumption is higher than wood waste fuel consumption, however boiler efficiency is higher using oil fuel compared to wood waste fuel, namely 70%: 20%. Financial analysis using NPV shows that this wood waste fueled boiler is economically feasible. From environmental aspects, it is known that fuel consumption for one year for wood waste fuel produces CO2 emissions of 1,207.36 tons, which is lower than CO2 emissions from burning diesel which is 6,808.31 tons.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dalam Devirsivikasi Limbah Kayu Menjadi Kerajinan Wall Décor Flower Pada Komunitas Omah (TBC)

This article is about community empowerment in deviating wood waste into Wall Décor Flower crafts. This community empowerment is carried out in the Community of People Suffering from TBC, which is organized into a community called Omah (TBC). This community is located in the West Metro area of Metro Lampung City. This mentoring program is for the community to gain skills and theoretical understanding in processing wood waste to become wall decor flower crafts. In addition, wood wastes that will be used as wall décor flower crafts will reduce waste which will actually pollute the environment, with the use of wood waste, the community will get a solution in improving the community's economy. The focus of this article's study is How to Empower the Community through Devisivying Wood Waste into Wall Décor Flower Crafts in the Omah TIBI (TBC) Community in West Metro District? The service research method or strategy used in this program is the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) method. The ABCD method is a community service approach with an orientation so that people have the power to recognize and utilize all their strengths and assets for the good of the community.

Pemanfaatan Material Sisa Produksi Kayu Menjadi Produk Portable Notebook Stand (Studi Kasus UMKM CV. Restu Ibu, Sidayu, Gresik)

Wood waste is unused and worthless pieces or remnants of wood production. Currently, wood waste is only used as charcoal or burned. The service team conducted a case study at CV in this community service. Mother's Blessing, District. Sidayu, Kab. Gresik. This activity requires further community service regarding the use of wood waste so that it becomes something valuable and useful. The method applied in this community service is to recognize several types of available wood materials and various forms of unused pieces of production leftovers—and continue with FGD, namely product design planning. As a result of this community service, it was found that wood waste left over from production could be reused into a useful and more valuable product, namely a portable notebook stand

Utilization of Industrial Wood Scraps in An Effort to Improve the Creative Industry of Calligraphy Art

The creative industry is one of the important pillars of economic growth. Aceh Province is known as the Veranda of Mecca, as written in the book Bustanul Salatin. The creative industry in Aceh Province is currently still dominated by general products such as traditional crafts and is considered to not reflect Islamic identity in Aceh Province. Faisal Calligraphy Art Workshop is one of the businesses that operates in the field of calligraphy. To improve the quality and variety of calligraphy products, Efforts to Improve the Creative Industry are being carried out at the Faisal Calligraphy Art Workshop. This activity aims: (1) Enhancement insight and knowledge, (2) Increased creativity and product innovation, (3) Enhancement quantity and quality Product, (3) Increasing income. This activity was carried out at the Faisal Calligraphy Art Workshop business location which was attended by 10 training participants. Activities are carried out with Socialization, Focus Discussion Group (FGD), training and mentoring. The results of the service show that: (1) Increase partner insights through calligraphy derivative products originating from the use of wood waste, (2) increasing awareness of the importance of creativity in business actors, (3) increasing hard skill partners in processing industrial wood waste as raw material for making derivative products in the form of calligraphy art.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ТЕПЛОТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК ТОПЛИВА ИЗ ДРЕВЕСНЫХ ОТХОДОВ И ИХ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ

In this article, some features of wood waste as a fuel are investigated, and their influence on the gasification process is assessed. Various thermal characteristics of prototype wood samples were studied and the composition of the working mass of fuel from wood waste (fuel chips and sawdust) was determined. The results of the research showed that wood waste differs from wood fuel only in an increased content of ash and moisture. A technique is proposed that determines the optimal value of the parameters of the combustion process and, first of all, the moisture content of the samples. This contributes to the production of high-calorific producer gas and reduces the cost of drying waste to a completely dry state.
 Conclusions are drawn about the environmental friendliness and prospects for the use of wood waste as an alternative, efficient and environmentally friendly fuel.

A Review of the Environmental Benefits of Using Wood Waste and Magnesium Oxychloride Cement as a Composite Building Material

There is an increasing awareness of the negative environmental impact produced by human activity worldwide. The scope of this paper is to analyze the possibilities of the further use of wood waste as a composite building material with magnesium oxychloride cement (MOC), and to identify the environmental benefits offered by this solution. The environmental impact of improper wood waste disposal affects both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Moreover, burning wood waste releases greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, causing various health problems. The interest in studying the possibilities of reusing wood waste increased significantly in recent years. The focus of the researcher shifts from considering wood waste as a burning fuel to generate heat or energy, to considering it as a component of new building materials. Combining MOC cement with wood opens the possibility of creating new composite building materials that can incorporate the environmental benefits offered by the two materials.

Wood raw materials and wood waste use for the building materials production (on the example of the Republic of Karelia timber industry)

The research is devoted to material resources analysis of the Republic of Karelia timber industry for the production of construction materials and to the optimal directions search for wood waste and illiquid wood use. The requirements for raw materials are analysed and inconsistencies in the classification of wood waste resources are revealed. Various methods of wood processing are considered and characteristic features and limitations on the applicability of raw materials in terms of size, quality, and breed characteristics are revealed. The conclusion is made about the main sphere of use of wood waste and illiquid wood, which is construction – civil, industrial, agricultural and architectural and aesthetic. The main directions of research are formulated to find ways to dispose of wood waste allowing for more complete use of their specific properties.

KUALITAS ARANG AKTIF PADA TIGA JENIS LIMBAH KAYU UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KUALITAS AIR SUMUR BOR

Wood processing industry waste consists of waste produced by the plywood industry, sawing and woodworking consisting of ends, blades, peelings, chips and sawdust. The use of wood waste is not utilized by the furniture industry and one of the solutions to its utilization by processing wood waste into activated charcoal. Activated charcoal can be made from all carbon-containing materials both organic and inorganic provided that the material is porous. Bangkirai, Rengas and Sengon wood waste as materials used in this study were carbonized first then activated charcoal. The quality test of activated charcoal carried out includes yield, air content, ash content, volatile matter content, carbon content, absorption of benzene, absorption of iodine and absorption of methylene blue. Overall, the results of testing the quality of activated charcoal did not all meet the requirements of SNI 06-3730-1995. The quality of activated charcoal from Rengas wood has the best quality (>456.59 mg /g) of all needs because the highest iodine absorption capacity according to Kimia Farma (KF) standards requires (> 426.5 mg/g). Rengas wood activated charcoal to bore wells improves the quality of drinking water No. 416/ Menkes / Per/IX /1990 except turbidity.
 Keywords : Active Charcoal, Bangkirai Wood Waste, Rengas, Sengon, Drilled Well Water.

The Feasibility of Producing Particleboards with Waste Wood from Civil Construction and Epoxidized Waste Cooking Oils

The feasibility of using epoxidized waste cooking oils as a partial replacement for synthetic resins in the manufacture of lignocellulosic composites where the reinforcement is comprised of mechanically ground wood from civil construction waste wood (CCWW) was investigated. For this study, the wood-epoxy composite was prepared using the thermo-curing technique, and wood particle contents of 20 and 30% (m/m) were studied with a matrix comprised of 50% epoxidized vegetable oil and 50% petroleum-based epoxy resin. The specific mass of the composites was in the range of 1130 to 1380 kg/m3, with the lowest value for the highest content of wood particles. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was successfully used to monitor the epoxidation of the vegetable oils and the subsequent curing of the epoxy resins and particleboards. Thermal stability of the composite was dictated by its lignocellulosic content, and significant mass losses occurred at temperatures higher than 300 °C, regardless of the wood particles content. The introduction of CCWW particles into the polymeric matrices did not promote the desired effect of improving the mechanical properties in regard to those of the cured blend of epoxy resins. However, the produced particleboards still met the standards of the American National Standards for general purpose boards in regard to their physical and mechanical properties (e.g., density, tensile strength). Hence, the use of wood waste and waste cooking oil to produce particleboards was deemed justified within the framework of a cascading lifecycle-extended service for both wastes.

Nanoemulsified Formulation of Cedrela odorata Essential Oil and Its Larvicidal Effect against Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith).

Cedrela odorata L. is a plant species from the Meliaceae family that is cultivated for timber production. Although the C. odorata essential oil (EO) contains mainly sesquiterpenes, its insecticidal potential is unknown. The lipophilic properties and high degradation capacity of EOs have limited their application for use in pest control. However, the currently available knowledge on the nanoemulsification of EOs, in addition to the possibility of improving their dispersion, would allow them to prolong their permanence in the field. The objective of the present work was to develop a nanoemulsion of the C. odorata EO and to evaluate its larvicidal activity against Spodoptera frugiperda. The EO was obtained by the hydrodistillation of C. odorata dehydrated leaves, and the nanoemulsion was prepared with non-ionic surfactants (Tween 80 and Span 80) using a combined method of agitation and dispersion with ultrasound. The stability of the nanoemulsion with a droplet diameter of <200 nm was verified in samples stored at 5 °C and 25 °C for 90 days. Both the C. odorata EO and its corresponding nanoemulsion presented lethal properties against S. frugiperda. The results obtained provide guidelines for the use of wood waste to produce sustainable and effective insecticides in the fight against S. frugiperda. In addition, considering that a phytochemical complex mixture allows the simultaneous activation of different action mechanisms, the development of resistance in insects is slower.

The use of wood waste from construction and demolition to produce sustainable bioenergy—a bibliometric review of the literature

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the perspective of using wood waste, especially the one that resulted from the construction and demolition activities, to produce sustainable bioenergy. The context of this research is characterized by a more accelerated need for development, a growing need for energy to fuel all human activities, and a greater awareness of the pressure on the environment and the negative effects produced. One of the major challenges for environmental protection is the issue of mitigating CO2 emissions, and among the biggest contributors to the CO2 emissions is the construction industry. Given the current rhythm of society development, a decrease in construction activities is not possible so a solution can be better management of the waste produced in various stages. If the need for better waste management is joined with the need for more sustainable energy, then using waste to produce bioenergy seems like a good solution. This study focuses mainly on wood waste and to respond to the research purpose it uses bibliometric literature search, scientometric analysis, and in-depth discussions. The data were obtained by interrogating the ISI Web of Science database using the keywords “bioenergy”, “wood waste” and “construction and demolition” as search criteria. The extraction of data was done using the PRISMA method and processed with VOSviewer and Bibliometrix software. The processing of the data was done so to obtain information related to the importance of the research topic given by the number of publications, the most studied topics revealed by a keywords co-occurrence analysis and a trend topic plot, as well as the world scientific productions on the studied topics. The main results indicate a significant increase, in the last years, of the interest in the studied topics, all over the world. Wood waste is considered as a direct combustion fuel or as a raw material for components of fuels used to produce energy, as well as components for new building materials. Given the limitations of other renewable energy sources, wood biomass is a subject that must be considered more in the future. The use of wood waste as biomass for the production of bioenergy can be a very good solution that will bring the advantage of both ensuring a renewable source of energy and at the same time decreasing the impact of the building industry on the environment.

Wood Waste from Fruit Trees: Biomolecules and Their Applications in Agri-Food Industry.

In the European Union (EU), a total of 11,301,345 hectares are dedicated to the cultivation of fruit trees, mainly olive orchards, grapevines, nut trees (almond, walnut, chestnut, hazelnut, and pistachio), apple and pear trees, stone fruit trees (peach, nectarine, apricot, cherry, and plum), and citrus fruit trees (orange, clementine, satsuma, mandarin, lemon, grapefruit, and pomelo). Pruning these trees, together with plantation removal to a lesser extent, produces a huge amount of wood waste. A theoretical calculation of the wood waste in the European Union estimates approximately 2 and 25 million tons from wood plantation removal and pruning, respectively, per year. This wood waste is usually destroyed by in-field burning or crushing into the soil, which result in no direct economic benefits. However, wood from tree pruning, which is enriched in high added-value molecules, offers a wide spectrum of possibilities for its valorization. This review focuses on the contribution of wood waste to both sustainability and the circular economy, considering its use not only as biomass but also as a potential source of bioactive compounds. The main bioactive compounds found in wood are polyphenols, terpenes, polysaccharides, organic compounds, fatty acids, and alkaloids. Polyphenols are the most ubiquitous compounds in wood. Large amounts of hydroxytyrosol (up to 25 g/kg dw), resveratrol (up to 66 g/kg dw), protocatechuic acid (up to 16.4 g/kg), and proanthocyanins (8.5 g/kg dw) have been found in the wood from olive trees, grapevines, almond trees and plum trees, respectively. The bioactivity of these compounds has been demonstrated at lower concentrations, mainly in vitro studies. Bioactive compounds present antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, biostimulant, anti-inflammatory, cardioprotective, and anticarcinogenic properties, among others. Therefore, wood extracts might have several applications in agriculture, medicine, and the food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetics industries. For example, olive tree wood extract reduced thrombin-induced platelet aggregation in vitro; grapevine tree wood extract acts a preservative in wine, replacing SO2; chestnut tree wood extract has antifungal properties on postharvest pathogens in vitro; and stone tree wood extracts are used for aging both wines and brandies. Moreover, the use of wood waste contributes to the move towards both a more sustainable development and a circular economy.

The UTILIZATION OF WOODEN WASTE IN INCREASING POTENTIAL TOURISM OF EMBUNG PANDAN WANGI VILLAGE EAST MAREJE

East Mareje Village with forest potential and the beauty of natural scenery and hills that have been given by God in this village, as the initial foundation carried out by the East Mareje village government to build and develop a tourist attraction in this case is the Embung Pandan Wangi area which is located in the hills of Mareje Village East. The number of dead trees in the Embung Pandan Wangi area has not been able to be utilized optimally by residents so that they are left lying around in the tourist attraction area. This is one of the concerns of the East Mareje village head in developing the natural potential of his village. The method used in this service is to provide guidance in supporting supporting facilities in the tourist area of ​​​​the pandan fragrant reservoir and training on the use of wood waste to increase the creativity of residents. The results of the implementation of service activities that have been carried out are several things that have been achieved, including: 1) Provide guidance to the people of East Mareje Village regarding the development of infrastructure facilities at the Embung Pandan Wangi tourism object by utilizing wood waste, 2) Conduct training to increase community creativity through the use of wood waste into handicraft products.&#x0D; &#x0D;

Building Materials Made of Wood Waste a Solution to Achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.

In order to reduce the impact of human activities on the environment, in 2015, the United Nations launched the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, proposing 17 Sustainable Development Goals with 169 associated targets. It is well-known that the construction industry is a major contributor to global CO2 emissions, and if a solution to reduce construction activity is not possible, considering the increasing population, then other solutions must be developed to decrease their negative environmental impact. In this context, the purpose of this paper is to investigate whether the use of wood waste as a building material can be a solution to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. The research procedure included a bibliometric literature search, a scientometric analysis and an in-depth discussion. The analysis was done with the help of the software VOSviewer and Bibliometrix; the data were extracted mainly from the ISI Web of Science database. The extraction of data was done using the PRISMA method, and thus a sample of 212 peer-reviewed journal articles was established. The main results indicate an increasing interest in this topic in the last several years, as well as a switch from considering wood waste as just a source to generate heat and energy to the use of wood waste as a building material. The main uses of wood waste as a building material are in the composition of particleboards and in various mortar and concrete mixtures. The field of wood waste has many potential directions towards future development, and if the immense treasure represented by the forests, and implicitly the wood, is used efficiently, it can be a good solution to the problem of sustainable development of society.