Use Of Systematic Approach Research Articles

Special issue PRO] Considering endpoints for comparative tolerability of cancer treatments using patient report given the estimand framework

ABSTRACT Regulatory agencies are advancing the use of systematic approaches to collect patient experience data, including patient-reported outcomes (PROs), in cancer clinical trials to inform regulatory decision-making. Due in part to clinician under-reporting of symptomatic adverse events, there is a growing recognition that evaluation of cancer treatment tolerability should include the patient experience, both in terms of the overall side effect impact and symptomatic adverse events. Methodologies around implementation, analysis, and interpretation of “patient” reported tolerability are under development, and current approaches are largely descriptive. There is robust guidance for use of PROs as efficacy endpoints to compare cancer treatments, but it is unclear to what extent this can be relied-upon to develop tolerability endpoints. An important consideration when developing endpoints to compare tolerability between treatments is the linkage of trial design, objectives, and statistical analysis. Despite interest in and frequent collection of PRO data in oncology trials, heterogeneity in analyses and unclear PRO objectives mean that design, objectives, and analysis may not be aligned, posing substantial challenges for the interpretation of results. The recent ICH E9 (R1) estimand framework represents an opportunity to help address these challenges. Efforts to apply the estimand framework in the context of PROs have primarily focused on efficacy outcomes. In this paper, we discuss considerations for comparing the patient-reported tolerability of different treatments in an oncology trial context.

Mythological and Religious Basis of Mykhailo Sapozhnykov’s Symbolic Painting

The purpose of the article is to analyse and systematise the figurative structure of artworks from two series of symbolist paintings by Mykhailo Sapozhnykov in the light of Slavic and ancient mythology, Christian religion. The methodology of scientific research is based on use of systematic approach in combination of general scientific and special methods of cognition, such as analytical, formal-stylistic, systematisation, and generalisation. The application of these methods and approaches contributed to the thorough processing of the identified issues and made it possible to formulate reasoned conclusions. The scientific novelty of research consists in a comprehensive approach of consideration and synthesis on range of issues regarding the influence of Slavic and ancient mythology, the Christian religion on aesthetics and figurative style symbolist painting of M. I. Sapozhnykov. This issue was considered for the first time. Conclusions. The artwork of Mykhailo Sapozhnykov (1871–1937), as a consistent symbolist artist, occupies a special place in the history of Ukrainian fine art. Range of the artist's works presented in the research proved his ultimate interest in ancient and Slavic mythology, as well as the Christian religion, which together become a specific keynote of the paintings from two symbolist series. The artist's interest in mythology is reflected in the presented images, in the titles of artworks, and in pantheistic mood of most symbolist paintings. Animism is an obligatory element of the symbolist painting’s aesthetics by M. Sapozhnykov. According to the results of scientific research, two types of figures are allocated according to their function and status: personifications of natural forces, where elements and earthly matter itself, appear in anthropomorphic and zoomorphic forms and figures of folk demonology, among which the figure of Pan stands out – the key character of the artist's symbolist paintings. Following the results of research, it was found that 18 symbolist paintings have thematic quotations from the Bible selected by the author as a kind of epigraph, what are artist by himself called "keys". Keywords: Mykhailo Sapozhnykov, symbolism, painting, mythology, pantheism, the first quarter of 20th century, Dnipro Art Museum.

The concept of cumulative deliberation: Linking systemic approaches to healthier normativity in assessing opinion formation in online discussions

AbstractOnline opinion formation has received much scholarly attention since the mass proliferation of social networks. Inter alia, online opinions have been viewed as a new part of public deliberation. However, the pre‐Internet era's vision on deliberation imposes extremely high demands on users as deliberators. We argue that opinion formation online neither pursues the goals nor follows the rules of institutionalized consensus‐oriented round‐table deliberative processes. Moreover, the growing academic evidence shows that opinion formation online is predominantly cumulative, not deliberative in nature. Thus, we introduce the concept of cumulative deliberation as an alternative and addition to classic institutional deliberation and argue that it describes opinion formation online more precisely. Importantly, it allows for two crucial additions to the deliberation theory, which are the use of systemic approaches to measuring and predicting public opinion and new normativity that sees a user as an initially neutral discussion unit. It also allows for healthier distinction between “natural” user communication and intentional counter‐deliberative distortions in online communication, like computational propaganda or cyberbullying. We end up with suggesting a research agenda on cumulative deliberation.

When Positive is Negative: Health Literacy Barriers to Patient Access to Clinical Laboratory Test Results.

Health literacy is a multidimensional set of skills (e.g., narrative, numeracy, digital, medication) that patients need to access and understand health information timely and accurately to make evidence-based informed decisions. Multiple barriers prevent patients from effectively interacting with health information. The most salient barriers are poor overall health literacy skills and linguistic proficiency in English. As patients prefer direct access to laboratory test results, especially those of routine tests, contextualization and provider-directed interpretation of results are required to foster shared decision-making to address their healthcare issues and improve health outcomes. The use of systematic approaches that account for poor health literacy skills and include culturally and linguistically appropriate planning and availability of resources is warranted at individual and population health levels (e.g., human-centered design of patient portals).

A Study of Systemic Approaches to Treating Patients with Physical Illness or Disability in Turkey

ABSTRACT Medical problems can affect a person’s physical health, mental health, relationships, quality of life, and the people with whom the patient is connected. Although we presume mental health professionals in Turkey work with individuals coping with health issues, there has been no prior published research. This study sought to determine how mental health professionals in Turkey approached their patients currently coping with a physical illness or disability and to what degree they collaborated with other care providers. Results revealed limited education on how to work with patients and their families currently coping with illness or disability, low interdisciplinary collaboration, and low family involvement in mental healthcare related to medical issues. The authors discuss how mental healthcare providers can use the findings of this study to advance systemic training and improve the use of systemic approaches for patients and their families coping with illness and disability in Turkey.

Moving beyond agriculture and aquaculture to integrated sustainable food systems as part of a circular bioeconomy

The objective of this perspective paper is to present and discuss how systemic innovations can deliver a step change in the way food is produced in Europe. The production of healthy, safe and affordable food can contribute toward a just transition to net zero carbon (C) for Europe. A systemic and cross sectorial approach can contribute to climate mitigation by transfer of atmospheric CO2 to the terrestrial biosphere using low trophic species (LTS), including plants, seaweed and mussels (i.e. C sequestration) and increasing organic C stocks in soils and vegetation biomass (i.e. C storage). Innovative combinations of technologies applied to LTS, processed animal protein, new crops, and diversified and integrated production systems can link the high primary productivity rates of the marine environment to the C storage capability of the terrestrial food sector. Furthermore, the important roles of both private and public sector actors and better use of systemic approaches to further elucidate the multi-dimensional and multi-level interplays in complex food systems needs consideration. This can pave the way for linking and scaling up C-neutral marine and terrestrial food production systems into a future sustainable and circular bioeconomy. This systems-based approach can address some of the challenges associated with the current farming systems, as interdisciplinary research on aquaculture innovation can support the development of a resilient and sustainable food system. Examples of technologies provided include: a custom configured and digital user-oriented co-creation approach for Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI), a WebGIS tool on soil C storage, innovative composting methods, advanced breeding methods, new machinery for low greenhouse gas diversified orchard farming, AI model systems to improve decision support systems in management of soil, vertical farming, and animal feeding.

Соціальний капітал територіальних громад України в умовах війни: сучасні трансформації та прогнозні зрушення

The relevance of the study of current and forecasted transformations of the social capital of territorial communities is due to the need to strengthen social capital at the local level as a means of consolidating the population in the conditions of the destabilizing pressure of war and the risks of reducing the regulatory capabilities of state administration. The purpose of the study is to reveal the transformational shifts in the social capital of the territorial communities of Ukraine in the war and post-war periods. The scientific novelty of the work consists in revealing the peculiarities of the influence of the Russian-Ukrainian war and the humanitarian crisis caused by it on the trends of the development of social capital of the territorial communities of Ukraine. Forecasting of social capital transformations is based on the use of systemic approach, methods of abstraction and generalization, modeling, and scenario forecasting of time series. The use of the scenario approach is due to the low predictability and instability of military actions and includes realistic, optimistic, and pessimistic forecast versions. The prediction according to the realistic version is based on the assumption of building up the potential of social capital by the communities of the country and, above all, the territories freed from temporary occupation. It is substantiated that social capital will grow mainly within the community and to a lesser extent outside it, which is due to the residents’ need to identify themselves with the community and its values in conditions of threat to life. The surge of social capital and high motivation of the population will be manifested in the active participation of residents in the public life of territorial communities and the post-war reconstruction of the economy. The trends of the social capital transformation are substantiated for three groups of communities: temporarily occupied territories, territorial communities of the «near rear», and communities of the «deep rear». The optimistic version is based on the assumption that in the forecast period, the transformation of social capital will take place in the conditions of the successful end of hostilities and the liberation of the territory of Ukraine from the occupying forces. It is expected that in the conditions of the post-war reconstruction of communities, the multiplier effect of increasing financial capacity will have a positive impact on the social capital of the community and will manifest itself in the strengthening of the residents’ sense of social protection and the reduction of the economic anxiety level. According to the pessimistic version, the transformation of the social capital of territorial communities will take place in the conditions of a repeated massive offensive of Russian troops and the capture of new territories, which may cause a decrease in the level of trust between residents in the struggle for limited resources, discord, and a decrease in civic participation.

Анализ и диагностика использования цифровых бизнес-платформ (маркетплейсов) как современного канала взаимодействия между бизнес-структурами и обществом

The purpose of the work. The purpose of this scientific work is to analyze and form your own assessment of the level of efficiency of business platforms (marketplaces) as a modern channel of interaction between business structures and civil society (consumer part). The method or methodology of the work. The study was conducted using a general scientific methodology that provides for the use of systematic approaches to solving the problem. The basis for writing this scientific article was the fundamental works of Russian and foreign scientists who devoted their work to the study of economic interaction between business structures and civil society. Results. The most promising areas of interaction between business structures and civil society within the framework of the functioning of digital business platforms (marketplaces) are proposed. The scope of the results. The results of the conducted research can be applied by business owners and marketing, advertising and sales specialists of the business community. Novelty. The authors propose an actual vector of interaction between business structures and civil society in the framework of work on digital business platforms (marketplaces). Conclusions. An economic analysis of the effectiveness of interaction between business structures and civil society within the framework of the functioning of digital business platforms (marketplaces) has shown that it is necessary to constantly adjust this process. It is important to evaluate not only statistical indicators of the level of development of a particular digital business platform, but also to correlate with geopolitical events in the country and the world, which have a noticeable impact on the solvency and consumer sentiment of civil society, respectively, and on the level of supply and demand.

Conflict analysis, learning from practice

AbstractConflict analysis is an essential component of designing and implementing peacebuilding action because it focuses on making sense of the situations where a peacebuilding action or intervention is desired. This article presents the results of an exploratory study based on semi‐structured interviews with 20 practitioners from 19 countries on four continents. Participants represented diverse organizations working on peacebuilding projects in conflict‐affected locations. The study focused on how participants (peacebuilding practitioners) gather and make sense of data (information) about the situations they face so they can make decisions for program design and implementation. Topics addressed by the study's participants included practice trends, methods of data collection and analysis, difficulties in gathering and assessing data, theories of change, and program or project assessment. The study concludes that the practitioners who participated mainly use informal methods to collect and make sense of data and do not make use of systematic approaches to conflict analysis.

Vocal ergonomics with sports coaches: Co-devised approaches to occupational voice.

Work-system participation and factors are associated with occupational vocal health for vocally reliant workers, such as sports coaches. However, there is limited use of systems approaches and worker collaboration to address occupational voice. The current research aimed to cooperatively consider coaches' vocally reliant systems participation, including addressing vocal ergonomic factors that can create barriers for occupational vocal health and voice use. Collaborative action inquiries explored vocal ergonomics with coaches (n = 24) from nine professional basketball teams. Across three basketball seasons, coaches and a subject matter expert identified what influenced coaches' voices and trialed approaches to optimize vocally reliant coaching participation. Nine action inquiry methods were used, including search conferences, ergonomic approaches to enhance systems participation, and focus groups. Multi-level analyses were also undertaken. Participants cooperatively generated, implemented, and evaluated different strategies. A cumulative total of 57 strategies were explored within teams (team mean = 6.33, SD = 3, range = 4-14). Cross-case analysis identified 25 different strategy types. Overall, participants appraised 31.58% (18/57) strategies as supportive (i.e., enhanced facilitators for voice), 61.40% (35/57) strategies as somewhat supportive (i.e., some enhanced facilitators and some ongoing barriers), and 7.02% (4/57) strategies as unsupportive (i.e., pervasive ongoing barriers not mitigated by strategies). Further, factors across coaches' work-systems continued to influence coaches' voices in dynamic and complex ways. Collaboration with coaches enriched vocal ergonomic approaches by providing novel, context-anchored insights. Collaboration should form 'part' of broader mechanisms to support coaches' voice use and vocal health at work.

Sector Perspectives on the Attributes of System Approaches to Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Service Delivery

This study sought to coalesce sector knowledge on the use of systems approaches for sustainable water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) service delivery in low-income countries. To accomplish this objective, we remotely convened a panel of WASH sector experts within a multiround survey to identify, characterize, and prioritize the necessary attributes of WASH systems approaches. The first survey round asked experts to comment on the conceptual differences between traditional approaches and systems approaches to WASH. Emerging within responses from the first survey round were attributes of WASH systems (i.e., factors, actors) and attributes of WASH systems approaches (i.e., flexible, scalable). A three-round Delphi survey was then administered to reach consensus on these emerging attributes. By the final round of the Delphi, consensus was reached on every attribute of WASH systems, indicating alignment between the experts on the fundamental characteristics and implications of WASH systems. Consensus was also reached on the majority of attributes of WASH systems approaches, including the inherent interconnected and complex nature of WASH systems. However, consensus was not achieved on attributes related to mapping WASH system interconnections, convening stakeholders in collective action, and the appropriateness and feasibility of applying systems approaches at scale. This indicates a need for future research that explores practical and scalable tools and techniques to map and evaluate WASH system interactions, and ways to engage relevant actors in these approaches to collectively apply systems knowledge.

Innovational military education: state and development prospects

The purpose of the article is Ukraine military education system innovative model substantiation. The research methodology consists in the application of methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, forecasting, as well as in the use of systemic approach. The scientific novelty is in the innovative model of military education proposed. The model consists of three components: formal (high education), professional military education, and training the officers and military specialists. Conclusions. The study found that implementation and realization in practice of the proposed innovative model of the military education system makes it possible to provide the needs of stakeholders in highly qualified professional personnel. Key words: education and training, high education, institutional development, professional military education, system of military education.

Strategic Initiatives to Improve Tobacco Cessation Delivery in India.

Globally, India is recognized for providing comprehensive coverage of tobacco cessation through the infrastructure and resources over the last two decades. Nevertheless, its current tobacco burden is worrying due to an increase in ~2 million initiators and 5.87% tobacco related deaths annually. It was to identify and describe challenges and barriers in tobacco cessation delivery that exist at various levels of health care as well as at the level of tobacco users, their care givers and communities in which they live. Besides authors' first-hand collective experience in the tobacco control for over 80 years and ~35 years in tobacco cessation and reviewed references, the stakeholders communications during various events along with telephonic or in-person with some of them were assimilated to comprehend an overall understanding of the issue. The challenges and barriers are primarily due to low priority assigned by the relevant functionaries, the inadequacy of resources, poor engagement of health-and insurance-sectors and healthcare workers, a low intent to quit by its users, suboptimal and discontinuous enforcement of the Cigarette and Other Tobacco Products Act of 2003 (COTPA), and indifference of the non-users. The countrywide strategic initiatives required "as a package" should include political and bureaucratic commitment, mass communication on benefits of quitting, licensed current users quitting through a timeline, use of systems approach in tobacco cessation delivery, implementation, and enforcement of vendor licensing and the proposed amendments in COTPA. Their perceived benefits will become a win-win situation for all stakeholders engaged in tobacco cessation delivery.

Distinction of the categories "synchrony, diachrony" and "chronotope" in the methodology of Cultural Studies

The purpose of the article is to clarify the categories "synchrony, diachrony" and "chronotope" in the context of the conceptual apparatus of cultural studies. The article is designed to prevent the incorrect use of these terms, to overcome the problem of identifying the concepts of "synchrony" with "statics" and "space", as well as to facilitate the differentiation of the categories "synchrony, diachrony" and "chronotope". The methodology of the study consists in the use of system approach and the lens of structuralism: synchronіс, diachrоnіс and chronotopic approaches (M. Bakhtin), methods of synchronіс and diachronіс analysis, as well as the lens of semiotics: semantic and terminological analysis. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that the article is the first study on the conceptual differentiation of seemingly very similar categories of "synchrony and diachrony", "chronotope", "statics", "space". As a result of the research, we have formulated and substantiated a number of conceptual provisions, which have theoretical and practical significance for improving the gnoseological apparatus of cultural studies. Conclusions. The concept of "synchrony and diachrony" is considered as one of the key epistemological coordinates of cultural studies and sciences of culture, which requires clarification of its semantic boundaries. The definition of synchrony and diachrony in cultural studies has been clarified. It was revealed that in culture as a system it is appropriate to distinguish between diachrony, which is the historical development of culture (or its subsystems), and synchrony, which is a cross-section of culture (or its subsystems) within a certain point in time. The explication of the semantics of the concepts of "synchrony and diachrony" demonstrates that the identification of the concepts of "synchrony" and "statics", "synchrony" and "space" is inaccurate. The concepts of "synchrony and diachrony" and "chronotope" were differentiated as well. Key words: cultural studies, methodology, terminological analysis, structuralism, synchrony, diachrony, chronotope, statics and dynamics.

Framework for the development and evaluation of complex interventions: gap analysis, workshop and consultation-informed update.

The Medical Research Council published the second edition of its framework in 2006 on developing and evaluating complex interventions. Since then, there have been considerable developments in the field of complex intervention research. The objective of this project was to update the framework in the light of these developments. The framework aims to help research teams prioritise research questions and design, and conduct research with an appropriate choice of methods, rather than to provide detailed guidance on the use of specific methods. There were four stages to the update: (1) gap analysis to identify developments in the methods and practice since the previous framework was published; (2) an expert workshop of 36 participants to discuss the topics identified in the gap analysis; (3) an open consultation process to seek comments on a first draft of the new framework; and (4) findings from the previous stages were used to redraft the framework, and final expert review was obtained. The process was overseen by a Scientific Advisory Group representing the range of relevant National Institute for Health Research and Medical Research Council research investments. Key changes to the previous framework include (1) an updated definition of complex interventions, highlighting the dynamic relationship between the intervention and its context; (2) an emphasis on the use of diverse research perspectives: efficacy, effectiveness, theory-based and systems perspectives; (3) a focus on the usefulness of evidence as the basis for determining research perspective and questions; (4) an increased focus on interventions developed outside research teams, for example changes in policy or health services delivery; and (5) the identification of six 'core elements' that should guide all phases of complex intervention research: consider context; develop, refine and test programme theory; engage stakeholders; identify key uncertainties; refine the intervention; and economic considerations. We divide the research process into four phases: development, feasibility, evaluation and implementation. For each phase we provide a concise summary of recent developments, key points to address and signposts to further reading. We also present case studies to illustrate the points being made throughout. The framework aims to help research teams prioritise research questions and design and conduct research with an appropriate choice of methods, rather than to provide detailed guidance on the use of specific methods. In many of the areas of innovation that we highlight, such as the use of systems approaches, there are still only a few practical examples. We refer to more specific and detailed guidance where available and note where promising approaches require further development. This new framework incorporates developments in complex intervention research published since the previous edition was written in 2006. As well as taking account of established practice and recent refinements, we draw attention to new approaches and place greater emphasis on economic considerations in complex intervention research. We have introduced a new emphasis on the importance of context and the value of understanding interventions as 'events in systems' that produce effects through interactions with features of the contexts in which they are implemented. The framework adopts a pluralist approach, encouraging researchers and research funders to adopt diverse research perspectives and to select research questions and methods pragmatically, with the aim of providing evidence that is useful to decision-makers. We call for further work to develop relevant methods and provide examples in practice. The use of this framework should be monitored and the move should be made to a more fluid resource in the future, for example a web-based format that can be frequently updated to incorporate new material and links to emerging resources. This project was jointly funded by the Medical Research Council (MRC) and the National Institute for Health Research (Department of Health and Social Care 73514).

Modern system approach to the diagnosis, therapy and rehabilitation of mental disorders

IntroductionThe current stage of research on mental disorders is associated with the use of system approaches to the development of the scientific foundations of psychiatric care.ObjectivesApproach to solving problems that arise in the diagnosis of psychopathological conditions, assessing their severity, as well as evaluating the effectiveness of psychosocial treatment and rehabilitation.MethodsClinical, psychometric, system analysis methods and algorithms of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) [1] were used.ResultsWhen assessing a patient’s condition and behavior, it is necessary to make decisions (diagnosis, development of treatment and rehabilitation plans) based on heterogeneous information (genetic, neuronal and environmental, involving individual characteristics, as well as family and social context). This information is hierarchically organized and includes quantitative and qualitative data. Exposure at each of these different levels can affect the onset and course of the disease, and therefore should be considered in primary prevention and subsequent psychosocial therapy and rehabilitation of patients. Analysis of the problems of assessing psychopathological states and related psychosocial problems shows that these problems can be presented in the form of appropriate hierarchies, the structure of which must be taken into account when processing the initial information. The main advantages of the AHP include the use of the relationship scale (fundamental scale) for processing heterogeneous data based on expert, clinical information.ConclusionsThe approach provides correct integration of heterogeneous characteristics when considering diagnostic procedures, psychosocial therapy and rehabilitation.1. Mitikhin V.G., Solokhina T.A. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry, 2019, 2: 49-54. doi:10.17116/jnevro201911902149

Combinatorial Method of Computer-Assisted Multiversion Design of Construction Operations

A combinatorial approach to the automated design of construction processes on the variant basis is reviewed in this article. The essence of the approach is in the automated formation of a complete set of all feasible planning and technical solutions for construction works at each design stage based on the capabilities of the construction and installation contractor, working conditions, the characteristics of the construction facility, followed by selection of the best solution according to specified criteria. Choosing of the best option for the construction process implementation occurs after the completion of the full range of formation of technological and planning solutions for each of the alternatives allowing full use of system approach in designing of the construction operations. A combinatorial approach based on the analysis procedures (in fact, building a decision tree for certain stages of design) and synthesis (finding all possible combinations of complex construction production based on the selection of options for the construction of its individual subsystems and elements) is used as a methodological basis for generating alternatives. The choice of the best option of a complex of planning and technical solutions for the implementation of the construction process is carried out at the final stage, which allows to implement the system technical approach to the design of construction systems to the greatest extent [1], since each alternative solution of each stage of the design of the construction production is estimated in terms of its impact on all the fundamental parameters of the system – the duration of the construction process and indicators of uniformity of resource usage within the schedule, the cost of the construction of the object, the parameters of the site organization within the construction master plan, the intensity of the process, etc.

ТИПИЗАЦИЯ РУДНЫХ ОБРАЗОВАНИЙ УРАНОВЫХ МЕСТОРОЖДЕНИЙ СТРЕЛЬЦОВСКОГО ТИПА

Based on the results of geological exploration and operational work on the uranium deposits of the Streltsovsky ore field, extensive material on their geological structure has been obtained. This material served as the basis for the analysis of the ore situation in deposits belonging to the hydrothermal type [2; 5]. The deposits are confined to the subsidence caldera and have similar mining and geological characteristics. The use of systems approach during the analysis of the received information has allowed to discharge three bunches of criterions of classification of ore objects: geologic, mining-and-geological and quality. The structural and morphological characteristics of ore formations, elements of their occurrence are classified as geological [3]. As mining and geological features, the following are considered: fracturing of rocks and ores, strength coefficient, stability, average power, variability of ore contours, complexity of ore objects. The qualitative characteristics include the content of uranium in ores, the share of metal reserves in technological grades of ores. In the course of research, the relationships between various classification features that can be expressed by mathematical formulas are obtained. Knowing the quantitative characteristics of ore formations, it is possible to predict the parameters of ore bodies, the use of various geotechnologies for the development of these ore objects. The analysis of all combination of performances hydrothermal uranium ores of the deposits Streltsovsky allows to divide all variety of ore educations into three types: I - powerful, II - medium power, III - low power. The combination of personal performances, inherent in each phylum, enables to justify original technologies of mining for each type of ore educations. Is established, that defining performances of classification of ore educations is the value of a mean power, thus character the convergence of reserves of ore on classes of power for each type is original, mean contents of uranium in ore object and character of convergence of reserves of metal in each class of the contents. Auxiliary performances of ore educations are a parameter of variability of an ore circuit, quotient of complication of ore body, quotient of dispersion of ore bodies in reservoir, the ore circuits1 confirmability from a section to a section. In practical and methodological terms, the proposed classification of ore objects makes it possible: to make a forecast of the development conditions at the stage of geological exploration; to use the regularities and characteristics inherent in each type of ore formations individually when justifying technical solutions

Approximation of customers’ rights institution concerning retail purchase-sale to the European Union provisions

In the article the meaning of the customer rights protection is researched regarding the minor purchase and sale, as a fundamentalfor the capitalist economy. Separately, it is noted that the adoption of the law “on consumer rights protection” was one of the first when Ukraine received the status of an independent state and fixed the basic principle of consumer rights protection in Part 2 of Article 50of the Constitution of Ukraine. The importance of the association agreement between Ukraine and the European Union for updating theappropriate level of attention to consumer protection is considered. The Annex XXXIX to the 20 agreement regarding association isdefined, being fundamental for the purposes of the research, in which 15 provisions that concern the subject of the research are outlined.The special attention is devoted to the results that were already accomplished, even without the use of systematic approach by the legalauthorities. Three main spheres are found out, which will undergo swift development, as a consequence of continuation of work onapproximation of Ukrainian legislation to the European sample. Each of the streams is processed specifically and in detail. The optionsof future implementation are provided in the process of analysis. For a more complete understanding, separate statistical analysis wasmade. Special attention is paid to problematic issues that do not allow the executive authorities to approach the legislation with thehigher intensity and more effectively. The author’s vision of the Conception of the governmental policy in the sphere of customer’srights protection for the 2020 period is laid out. The critical remarks are being made regarding the inactivity of the executive authoritiesin attraction of European Committee for the official evaluation of the appropriateness of the Ukrainian legislation to the provisions ofthe European Union. Based on the analysis, the methodological concepts of transformation of the institution of the consumer rights protectionin the Ukrainian legislation are worked out.

Systems biology in cardiovascular disease: a multiomics approach.

Omics techniques generate large, multidimensional data that are amenable to analysis by new informatics approaches alongside conventional statistical methods. Systems theories, including network analysis and machine learning, are well placed for analysing these data but must be applied with an understanding of the relevant biological and computational theories. Through applying these techniques to omics data, systems biology addresses the problems posed by the complex organization of biological processes. In this Review, we describe the techniques and sources of omics data, outline network theory, and highlight exemplars of novel approaches that combine gene regulatory and co-expression networks, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics and phenomics with informatics techniques to provide new insights into cardiovascular disease. The use of systems approaches will become necessary to integrate data from more than one omic technique. Although understanding the interactions between different omics data requires increasingly complex concepts and methods, we argue that hypothesis-driven investigations and independent validation must still accompany these novel systems biology approaches to realize their full potential.