Use Of Synthetic Materials Research Articles

Advances in Synthetic Grafts in Spinal Fusion Surgery.

Degenerative spine disease is increasing in prevalence as the global population ages, indicating a need for targeted therapies and continued innovations. While autograft and allograft have historically demonstrated robust results in spine fusion surgery, they have significant limitations and associated complications such as infection, donor site morbidity and pain, and neurovascular injury. Synthetic grafts may provide similar success while mitigating negative outcomes. A narrative literature review was performed to review available synthetic materials that aim to optimize spinal fusion. The authors specifically address the evolution of synthetics and comment on future trends. Novel synthetic materials currently in use include ceramics, synthetic polymers and peptides, bioactive glasses, and peptide amphiphiles, and the authors focus on their success in both human and animal models, physical properties, advantages, and disadvantages. Advantages include properties of osteoinduction, osteoconduction, and osteogenesis, whereas disadvantages encompass a lack of these properties or growth factor-induced complications. Typically, the use of synthetic materials results in fewer complications and lower costs. While the development and tuning of synthetic materials are ongoing, there are many beneficial alternatives to autografts and allografts with promising fusion results.

Changes in markers of collagen metabolism in the blood serum of white rats during the filling of femur defects with implants based on polylactide and tricalcium phosphate with allogeneous mesenchymal stem cells

The use of synthetic materials in combination with osteogenesis stimulators is one of the advanced directions of the development of traumatology. The purpose of the study: based on the analysis of biochemical markers of collagen metabolism in the blood serum of laboratory rats with a femur defect, to evaluate the course of bone remodeling after filling the defect with implants based on polylactide and tricalcium phosphate with simultaneous and delayed administration of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). On the model of a defect in the metaphysis of the femur in white rats, the indicators of collagen exchange in blood serum were studied: the content of protein-bound, free fractions, the amount of hydroxyproline (HOP), the ratio of the content of protein-bound HOP to free PB/F was calculated. Comparison of the results of different groups was performed using the Student-Fisher method. The difference was considered statistically significant if p<0.05. Filling the defect with implants led to a decrease in the content of protein-bound HOP by 16.69 % and 14.34 % on the 15th and 90th days (p<0.05), an increase in the content of free HOP by 74.96 %; 67.31 % and 56.74 % (p<0.001), the content of the amount of HOP by 25.37 %; 23.66 % and 18.28 % (p<0.05), and reduction of PB/F by 52.20 %; 49.90 % and 45.30 % (p<0.001) relative to intact on the 15th; 30th and 90th days. Addition of MSCs to the implants at the same time as the installation caused a decrease in the content of free HOP by 63.90 %; 54.63 % and 42.76 % on the 15th; on the 30th and 90th days (p<0.001), the total metabolite by 21.87 % and 18.58 % on the 15th and 30th days (p<0.05) and a decrease in PB/F by 47, 50 %; 43.20 %; 37.60 % on the 15th; on the 30th and 90th days (p<0.001) relative to the intact. Postponing the introduction of MSCs increased the content of free HOP by 40.48 % (p<0.001); 20.49 % and 16.58 % (p<0.05) with a lower PB/F by 38.20 %; 25.80 % and 23.40 % (p<0.05) on the 15th; 30th and 90th days relatively intact. When the defect was filled with implants without MSCs, a moderate inhibition of anabolism and rapid activation of collagen destruction was observed. With the simultaneous use of implants and MSCs, the rate of formation and intense destruction of collagen was observed. When the introduction of MSCs was delayed, a moderate rate of destruction was recorded, which most contributed to collagen metabolism.

Clinical Outcomes After Cranioplasty With Titanium Mesh, Polyetheretherketone, or Composite Bone Cement: A Retrospective Study.

Cranioplasty is a common neurosurgical procedure; however, the optimal material choice remains controversial. At the time of this writing, autologous bone, the preferred choice for primary cranioplasty, has a high incidence of complications such as infection and resorption, thus requiring frequent use of synthetic materials. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the clinical benefits of titanium mesh (Ti), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and composite bone cement (CBC) in cranioplasty to provide a clear selection basis for clinicians and patients. This study retrospectively collected data from 207 patients who underwent cranioplasty with Ti (n=129), PEEK (n=54), and CBC (n=24) between January 2018 and December 2020 at Henan Provincial People's Hospital. Postoperative follow-up information after 6 months was used to compare the long-term effects of the 3 materials on the patients. There were no significant differences in the overall complication rate after cranioplasty among the 3 materials. However, subcutaneous effusion was more frequent with PEEK (24.07%) and CBC (20.83%) than with Ti (2.33%). Second, there were no significant differences in the increase in Glasgow Outcome Scale and Karnofsky Performance Status scores after cranioplasty among the 3 materials. Finally, we found that PEEK had the highest patient satisfaction and hospitalization cost, whereas the opposite was true for Ti. Although the surgical outcomes of the 3 implant materials were similar, an examination of clinical outcomes such as patient satisfaction showed significant differences, deepening people's perceptions of the 3 materials.

ANALISIS BENDING PADA KOMPOSIT SERAT ALAM DAUN AGEL DENGAN RESIN EPOXY

The use of composite materials, especially those developed by natural fibers in various equipment, has begun to develop a lot, the use of natural agel leaf fibers as composite materials can reduce the use of synthetic materials and increase the utilization of agel leaf natural fibers which are still a lot of wasted. This study aims to determine the stages or processes of agel leaf natural fiber composite using 2 methods of hand lay up, vacuum bag and to determine the value of the bending strength of agel leaf natural fiber material between variations of the epoxy matrix in the direction of the fibers 0^° and 〖90〗^°.Based on the data from the test results, it can be concluded that the average value of maximum bending strength in agel leaf natural fiber composites using the vacuum bag manufacturing method with a volume fraction of 60% and fiber direction 0^° and 〖90〗^° has an average maximum bending strength value that is the highest, namely 11.006 MPa and 11.057 MPa and the composite of agel leaf natural fiber using the hand lay up method (non vacuum bag) with a volume fraction of 50%, 60%, 70% and fiber direction 0^° has the lowest average maximum bending strength values of 3.413 MPa, 5.404 MPa, 4.625 MPa.

PERFORMANCE OF WOOD COMPOSITES WITH NATURAL FIBER AS SOUND ABSORBER OF BUILDING MATERIALS

Natural fibers are an alternative to reduce the use of synthetic materials in acoustic products. Such fibers have the benefits of being inexpensive, environmentally benign, biodegradable, and safe for human health. The influence on sound absorption coefficient of different natural fibers including rubberwood, coconut coir, and oil palm empty fruit bunches was investigated. The samples were composed of three kinds of natural fibers, three different fiber sizes, and two different kinds of adhesives. The porosity values of the samples were found in the range of 4.58-8.84% whereas the lowest water absorption value was found on the sample with rubberwood fiber in the range of 57.62-127.83%. Impedance tube testing was used for the sound absorption tests following ISO 10534-2. The experimental result revealed that the natural fibers have good performance associated with the fiber length. The longer fiber performs the better sound absorption than that of the short fiber. All kinds of natural fiber plates tested had sound absorption of 50% above 3.5 kHz whereas the oil palm fiber gave the highest absorption coefficient at 95%. The fiber size fraction approved that those fibers could improve the peak values of sound absorption. The small fiber size gave higher peak values than that of the large fiber size. The type of adhesive influences sound absorption coefficient on the sample with small fiber size (80 mesh) than that of the large fiber size (40 mesh). The output of this study reveals the waste plant fibers could adopt to develop sound absorber building materials.

Sorption of Alizarin Red S and Methylene Blue on Halloysite from Single and Mixed Solutions

The extensive use of synthetic materials in modern society presents a great challenge to environmental and water quality. As such, numerous studies were dedicated to the removal of emerging contaminants from water using novel materials as sorbents or catalysts. With large reserves and low material costs, Earth material has also attracted great attention for contaminant removal. Halloysite is a 1:1 layered clay mineral with moderate cation exchange capacity that can be used for the removal of cationic contaminants. On the other hand, as it may bear positive charges on the aluminum hydroxyl sheets, it could be used to remove anionic contaminants. In this study, the removal of a cationic dye, methylene blue (MB), and an anionic dye, alizarin red S (ARS), from the water was evaluated from single and mixed solutions. The results suggested that from single solutions, MB removal was via cation exchange while ARS removal could have originated from anion exchange. From mixed solutions, their removal was mutually increased, which may be due to a synergistic effect in the presence of a type of charged dyes serving as counterions to enhance the sorption of dyes of opposite charges. This finding suggests that halloysite may serve as a sorbent for the removal of organic contaminants of different charges at the same time, which is a new perspective that needs further evaluation and expansion.

Characteristics of the Endoprostheses Used in the Treatment of Inguinal Hernias by the Method of I.L. Lichtenstein

Ventral hernias remain the most common surgical pathology, which occurs in 3-8% of the population or in 510-570 million people. The "gold standard" in the treatment of ventral hernias today remains the use of synthetic materials, and the main method of their treatment is nontensioning prosthetic hernioplasty according to the method of I.L. Lichtenstein, which is implemented in 70-90% of patients with inguinal hernias. The properties of endoprostheses, which in their physical and mechanical properties should be as close as possible to the tissues of the patient's body, have a great influence on the results of surgical treatment of this contingent of patients. To date, more than 160 names of mesh endoprostheses are used, which differ, including in biological and mechanical characteristics. The paper presents information about the differences between implants used in hernioplasty using the Lichtenstein method in strength, elasticity, cell size, types of weaving and chemical composition of mesh prostheses. The study showed that the properties of endoprostheses, in particular, their structure, type of polymer, structure of filaments, biodegradability, plasticity, inertia of the material and others have a great influence on the results of surgical treatment when performing hernioplasty using the Lichtenstein method. The comparative effectiveness of the application of the developed materials during hernioplasty of inguinal hernias should include, among other things, data on the properties of the implant material and the features of its modeling, the technique of the operation, the results of general clinical, immunological, ultrasound, radiological and histological research methods.

Nanocoating-konjac application as postharvest handling to extend the shelf life of Siamese oranges

Siamese orange fruit is very popular today, driven by the increasing public demand or healthy food. Siamese oranges contain bioactive phenolic compounds, carotenoids, vitamins, minerals, and fiber which are good for health. The weakness of Siamese oranges is their quality declines quickly and their short shelf life. Postharvest handling with the application of coatings from natural ingredients to extend the shelf life of orange fruits is currently needed to reduce the use of synthetic materials. Natural ingredients that have the potential to be used as base materials for coatings are konjac tubers because they contain glucomannan polysaccharides and bioactive compounds that can form coatings. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nanocoating-konjacon the shelf life of Siamese oranges. The research began with the preparation of the nanocoating-konjac formula as the main ingredient of the nanocoating and the application of the nano coating-konjac on the surface of Siamese oranges. This study used a completely randomized two-factor design, namely nanocoating-konjac application (without coating, coating, and nanocoating) and storage time (0, 5, 10, and 15 days), three replications. Variables observed: Weight loss, number of damaged fruits, color, texture, acidity, total soluble solids, water content, vitamin C, and total plate count. The data obtained was tested for diversity with SPSS, if it shows differences the test is continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test. The conclusion of this research is the application of nanocoating-konjac, coating-konjac and without coating on Siamese oranges to determine the effect of weight loss, number of damaged fruits, color, texture, acidity, total dissolved solids, water content, vitamin C, and total plate count during storage. This research recommends that the application of nanocoating-konjac as postharvest handling can extend the shelf life of Siamese oranges until the 10th days.

The chita, handicrafts in vegetable fibers

Objective: Identify the vegetable fibers and activities carried out in the production of basketry, in particular the chita, as the most significant craft of the community of San Miguel Tenango (SMT), in Zacatlán, Puebla. Disign/methodology/approach: A phenomenological study oriented to the artisan production of San Miguel Tenango was carried out, through documentary research, observation and interviews with artisans and key informants. The value chain approach was used to understand the process, the inputs and the actors involved in the elaboration of the chita, the main handicraft in vegetable fibers in the study site. Results: The vegetable fibers used in the elaboration of traditional crafts were identified, the "chita" was distinguished as the most significant. The links of the value chain in production were recognized, as well as the perception that artisans have about their work. Study limitations/implications: Most of the people dedicated to basketry do not recognize themselves as artisans, moreover, they are not organized or adequately account for the cost of their work. Findings/conclusions: The plant species used in the elaboration of handicrafts are easily accessible for their use; although discrimination against native (ethnic) peoples and the use of traditional materials persists. They are biodegradable, highly resistant, flexible and can be an ecological option in the face of the indiscriminate use of synthetic materials.

Experimental justification of the use of synthetic products for strengthening soils of buildings and structures

Introduction: The purpose of the research of the scientific article is to study the stability of slopes and their reinforced with synthetic materials and the influence of reinforcement elements on the stress and deformation of joint soil massifs. Materials and Methods: At article are given: the tests were carried out in the task of the head of the tray with the use of synthetic materials. Results and Discussion: The use of technical materials for solving the issues of strengthening slopes and slopes is very relevant today. Synthetic geosynthetics of various production methods are required to perform the following functions in combination: reinforcement - reinforcement with materials of slopes, walls of pits and slopes of embankments, bases as a result of the redistribution of stresses arising in soil materials, and the soil mass under the action of loads from vehicles and its own weight; protection - prevention, exclusion or slowdown of the process of soil erosion, prevention of interpenetration of products of contacting layers; filtration - prevention, exclusion (slowdown), solution of the process of penetration of pound particles into drainages (filter) or their removal (reverse filter); drainage - acceleration, slowing down the arrival, removal of water filtration; waterproofing - reduction or diversion, exclusion of water inflow into the soils of the working layer of the subgrade. Conclusions: In tests, synthetic meshes are used to ensure the strength of the edge of the slope at loads of 100 kPa, 200 kPa, 300 kPa: a method for applying the method of strengthening the edge of the slope, with the most compacted base soil and the use of reinforcement elements, is proposed, which leads to an increase in the strength of subsiding soil bases and the edge of the slope during the construction of buildings and structures.

Nanomaterials: A Review about Halloysite Nanotubes, Properties, and Application in the Biological Field

The use of synthetic materials and the attention towards environmental hazards and toxicity impose the development of green composites with natural origins. Clay is one of the candidates for this approach. Halloysite is a natural clay mineral, a member of the Kaolin group, with characteristic tubular morphology, usually named halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). The different surface chemistry of halloysite allows the selective modification of both the external surface and the inner lumen by supramolecular or covalent interactions. An interesting aspect of HNTs is related to the possibility of introducing different species that can be released more slowly compared to the pristine compound. Due to their unique hollow morphology and large cavity, HNTs can be employed as an optimal natural nanocarrier. This review discusses the structure, properties, and application of HNTs in the biological field, highlighting their high biocompatibility, and analyse the opportunity to use new HNT hybrids as drug carriers and delivery systems.

Hernioplasty technique in wound complications prevention

Background: The issues of prevention of wound complications in the surgical treatment of postoperative ventral hernias (POVG) remain relevant due to the increase in the number of surgical interventions on the abdominal organs and the development of postoperative ventral hernias in the aftermath. Despite the large number of proposed hernioplasty techniques for postoperative ventral hernias, the rates of wound complications remain high. The use of synthetic materials did not provide a reduction in the amount of infection in the area of surgical intervention. In this connection, the improvement of surgical treatment of patients with postoperative ventral hernias, aimed at the prevention of wound complications, is becoming even more relevant. Wound complications prevention in the surgical treatment of postoperative ventral hernias remains relevant due to the increase in the number of operative abdominal interventions. Therefore, improving surgical rehabilitation of patients in the postoperative period in order to minimize wound complications acquires special practical importance.

Improvement of methods for analysing sucrose acetate isobutyrate (SAIB) in soft drinks using GC-FID and evaluating antioxidant effects in the SAIB emulsion system

Sucrose acetate isobutyrate SAIB (E444) is a mixture produced by the esterification of sucrose with acetic anhydride and isobutyric anhydride. It is a food additive that is used as an emulsifier in soft drinks. It is difficult to analyse SAIB quantitatively because there are 256 synthesisable structures in the mixture. This study developed an analytical method for SAIB using gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The pre-treatment of SAIB in soft drinks was performed using a liquid-liquid extraction method, which demonstrated a recovery rate of 107.8 ± 7.2%. In the GC-FID analysis of SAIB, numerous peaks were observed in the chromatogram, and the content of SAIB was calculated as the sum of these peak areas. A series of analytical methods were validated according to International Conference for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. Accordingly, the applicability of the developed analytical method was confirmed for both domestic and imported soft drinks distributed in Korea. Additionally, in the linoleic acid emulsion, SAIB exhibited better lipid oxidation stability than the natural antioxidant α-tocopherol and had similar efficacy to the synthetic antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Although SAIB has excellent lipid oxidation stability, it must be used within legal standards according to consumer demand to reduce the use of synthetic materials in processed foods. The validated GC-FID analytical method will enable subsequent monitoring of the distributed products.

Areca/synthetic fibers reinforced based epoxy hybrid composites for semi‐structural applications

AbstractThe recent developments and technological advancement in material science focus on the utilization of biodegradable material in various engineering applications. The increase in concern for the damages happening by synthetic materials has made the researchers develop novel materials that can reduce the use of synthetic materials to minimize the environmental problem and societal anxiety. In this work, the four‐layered areca/carbon/kevlar/carbon–kevlar hybrid fiber‐reinforced epoxy laminates were prepared by using hand layup technique for seven different stacking sequence. The prepared laminates were evaluated for mechanical, thermal, and water absorption behavior to study the hybridization effect on the properties of the composites. The result indicated that areca/carbon composites had better mechanical properties than areca/kevlar, areca/carbon–kevlar hybrid laminates. Hybridization of areca fiber with synthetic fibers had significant effect on the mechanical properties of the composites. The water absorption behavior and thermal property of the laminates improved with addition of synthetic fibers to areca fiber. Morphological analysis showed strong bonding with fibers and reinforcements, with fewer voids. Therefore, the developed areca/synthetic fiber hybrid composites can be used for semi‐structural engineering applications.

Robots - Inanimate or Living: To evaluate the receptivity of Xenobots by Indian Respondents

As industrialization continues, the world is introduced to many challenges, such as Global Warming and Pollution. Even with adverse effects on the environment, synthetic materials continue to be commonly used. To tackle this, scientists from the University of Vermont combined the fields of AI and bio-technology to develop a robot capable of performing specific functions e.g, locomoting and manipulating objects, using cells. Other than reducing the use of synthetic materials, this robot can directly help in collecting microplastics from the ocean, while being biodegradable. With time, as manufacturing gets automated, the capability of these robots will be widened. Though it’s not an immediate concern, the idea of a living robot can be seen to come with many ethical concerns. To understand the reservations it can create, this research paper intends to evaluate the receptivity of Xenobots by high-school students and teachers. A total of 30 respondents from various urban and suburban locations of the country were surveyed on their knowledge and interest of Xenobots, before and after watching an informational video, and their thoughts on its ethical concerns and effectiveness were collected from open-ended questions. Qualitative and Quantitative tools such as t-tests, mean, SD tests and thematic analysis were used to study the accumulated data. The video positively impacted their rating of knowledge, however interest remained equally high. Further thematic analysis revealed that respondents were doubtful about its usefulness as well as its drawbacks, which notifies aspiring companies and governments that it might be too soon for such technology.

Processing, Characterization of Furcraea foetida (FF) Fiber and Investigation of Physical/Mechanical Properties of FF/Epoxy Composite.

In recent days the rising concern over environmental pollution with excessive use of synthetic materials has led to various eco-friendly innovations. Due to the organic nature, abundance and higher strength, natural fibers are gaining a lot of interest among researchers and are also extensively used by various industries to produce ecological products. Natural fibers are widely used in the composite industry as an alternative to synthetic fibers for numerous applications and new sources of fiber are continuously being explored. In this study, a fiber extracted from the Furcraea foetida (FF) plant is characterized for its feasibility as a reinforcement to fabricate polymer composite. The results show that the fiber has a density of 0.903 ± 0.07 g/cm3, tensile strength (σt) of 170.47 ± 24.71 MPa and the fiber is thermally stable up to 250 °C. The chemical functional groups and elements present in the FF fiber are evaluated by conducting Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The addition of FF fibers in epoxy reduced the density (13.44%) and hardness (10.9%) of the FF/Epoxy (FF/E) composite. However, the void content (Vc < 8%) and water absorption (WA: < 6%) rate increased in the composite. The FF/E composite with 30% volume of FF fibers showed maximum σt (32.14 ± 5.54 MPa) and flexural strength (σf: 80.23 ± 11.3 MPa).

ПРАКТИКА ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ ТКАНЕЙ В ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ ТЕПЛОСТОЙКИХ РУКАВОВ

the article has developed and mastered promising technologies for the production of heat-resistant metallurgical hoses, which include the use of synthetic materials for the power frame and fire-resistant - cover fibrous materials. Experimental studies have been carried out to reduce the material consumption of the production of sleeves, due to changes in manufacturing technology at the stage of cutting the strips of the power frame and assembling the sleeves. A sleeve manufacturing technology is described, which provides for the introduction of a wire spiral into the sleeve design to protect the sleeves from loss of transverse stability and reduce the bending radius. Technical cord materials for the manufacture of a power frame for sleeves of various types in production are considered. The technology of protecting the outer surface has been mastered, providing for the creation of bumpers of various design schemes. In order to increase the temperature resistance of the operation of metallurgical heat-resistant sleeves, a technology has been created for the manufacture of sleeves based on non-flammable and fire-resistant fabric materials covering the sleeves on the outer surface. The operation of the hoses showed the correctness of the developed technologies and the choice of appropriate materials. Research work on the development of new fire-resistant materials for heat-resistant hoses has been carried out. The prospects of using innovative technology for manufacturing heat-resistant metallurgical hoses are noted

Surgical treatment of aneurysms of aortic arch branches and vessels of the upper extremities

Aneurysms of theaortic arch branches and vessels of the upper extremities are dangerous and there is a high probability of mortality due to rupture of the aneurysm or stroke. The indication is surgical treatment, regardless of the age and size of the aneurysms. The frequency of deaths and strokes that occurred during operations for carotid artery aneurysms is about 2%, which is associated with distal embolism of intracerebral vessels and the contents of the aneurysm cavity. One of the most common causes of aneurysms of the branches of the aortic arch and vessels of the upper extremities are atherosclerosis, nonspecific aortoarteritis and posttraumatic aneurysms. The study included 38 patients with aneurysms of the branches of the aortic arch and arteries of the upper extremities operated in the vascular surgery department over the past 10 years, whose total age ranged from 19 to 76 years. There were 84% men, 16% women. Aneurysms of the carotid arteries and its branches (temporal artery) were diagnosed in 58%, subclavian arteries in 16%, arteries of the upper extremities in 26%. The size of aneurysms of the branches of the aortic arch and arteries of the upper extremities ranged from 2.5 cm to 10 cm. The average size is 6.3±1.8 cm. When choosing the method of treatment of aneurysms of the branches of the aortic arch and arteries of the upper extremities, preference was given to performing reconstructive operations without the use of additional materials, which were performed in 52% cases), in 13 of these cases, excision of a false aneurysm with stitching of the defect was performed, in 6 of these cases, resections of aneurysms with end-to-end anastomosis were performed. In 48% cases, operations with the use of synthetic materials and autovenous plastic surgery were performed, and endovascular interventions were also performed in 4 cases. The most frequent type of surgery performed is resection of an aneurysm with a lateral suture – 34% cases. Resection of the anastomosis aneurysm at the end of the arteries – 16%, and prosthetics – in 8% cases (synthetic alloprosthetics in one and with autovenous prosthetics in two cases). After resection of subclavian artery aneurysm due to large diastasis of blood flow, reconstruction was performed by bypass surgery or prosthetics. Arterial aneurysm resection with autovenous patch was performed in 13% cases, and with allosunting – in 8% cases. Excision of an aneurysm of the axillary artery on the left with the restoration of a synthetic patch – in 5% cases. Ligation of an aneurysm in the temporal artery was performed in 2 cases (5%), this type of operation was performed with an aneurysm of non-main vessels, as well as in vessels with collateral blood flow in the distal area of the vessels. Implantation of a stentgraft into the right subclavian artery – in 3 cases (8%). X-ray endovascular embolization of aneurysm – in 3% case. Positive results in the postoperative period were observed in 92% patients. One (3%) patient developed complications in the form of hematomas after aneurysm resection. In 5% cases - lymphorrhea after excision of a false aneurysm

P150 UTILISATION OF OVINE REINFORCED TISSUE MATRIX IN PAEDIATRIC RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY

Abstract Aim Abdominal and thoracic reconstructive surgery has always been an aspect of surgical care in children for conditions such as congenital abdominal wall defects, large hiatus herniae, incisional herniae and chest wall defects following tumour surgery. Biosynthetic matrices are ideal for reconstructive surgery in the paediatric population as consideration needs to be given to future growth and potential need for reoperation. Moreover, the use of synthetic materials in this setting is known to be associated with long term issues. We present the results of our experience with ovine reinforced tissue matrix1 in paediatric reconstructive surgery. Material and Methods All patients who underwent an operation at our institution using the biosynthetic matrix from March 2019 to April 2021 were identified retrospectively by searching theatre databases. Patient demographics, diagnoses and case notes were reviewed. Results The biosynthetic matrix was used in 26 children, (15 male and 11 female). Median age at insertion was 5.1 years (2.1 – 7.1 years). Median weight at insertion was 14.0kg (11.3 – 28.1kg). Patients had a history of hiatus hernia (n = 10), exomphalos (n = 6), emergency laparotomy (n = 3), congenital diaphragmatic hernia (n = 2) sternal sarcoma (n = 1), rib sarcoma (n = 1), gastroschisis (n = 1), recurrent umbilical hernia (n = 1) and direct inguinal hernia (n = 1). There were no hernial recurrences. There was a surgical site occurrence (SSO) in 12% - skin dehiscence (n = 2) and wound infection (n = 1). Median length of follow up was 7.9 months (4.5-9.0 months). Conclusions Our series demonstrates that ovine biosynthetic matrices can be used safely in paediatric reconstructive surgery with excellent outcomes and a very low rate of SSO. 1. OviTex®-TELA Bio

Fabrication and Characterization of Composite Materials Using Multiple Waste Materials (Leather &amp;amp; Jute Fabrics) and Unsaturated Polyester Resin

Now a days environment is getting polluted due to different types of manmade reasons than ever for extreme use of synthetic materials. Various kinds of waste materials from numerous industries are also enhancing this. So, Utilization of waste materials and reduction of synthetic materials will definitely subside the environmental pollution. In this research, waste jute fabric and leather waste (cow hides) were used as reinforcing agent and unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) as matrix to prepare environmental friendly composite materials. Hand-lay up method was conducted to fabricate composite materials. Different percentages of waste leather and used jute fabrics were used with the UPR. Improved mechanical properties, tensile strength (TS), tensile modulus (TM), and percentage elongation at break (EB) were observed with the certain percentage of waste materials. Composites were also characterised by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and fourier transform infrared (FTIR).