Use Of Sugarcane Research Articles

Diversifikasi Olahan Nira Tebu Melalui Diseminasi Teknologi Mesin Pemeras Tebu di Desa Karangbener Kecamatan Bae Kabupaten Kudus

Dissemination of technology products to the community aims to improve the welfare of sugar cane farmers in Karangbener Village, Bae District, Kudus Regency. The problem faced by farmers is the low price of sugar cane due to nonstandard yields and the low capacity of the sugar factory to receive sugar cane farmers in the harvest season. The strategy used is processing sugar cane by diversifying the processing of sugar cane through the dissemination of sugar cane presses. The strategy includes sugarcane cultivation socialization activities, diversification of sugar cane processing, training on the use of sugar cane presses, financial management training and training in selling and marketing sugarcane juice products to Sari Rejo and Bangun Harjo farmer groups with a total of 31 members. The results of the activity of making 3 units of sugarcane squeezer machines which have been handed over to farmer groups, the ability of farmer group members to diversify sugarcane juice preparations, the ability to operate and maintain sugarcane squeezer machines, and have an understanding of management and marketing of sugarcane processed diversified products

Interactive effects between sugar source and pelleting temperature on processing, digestibility and blood metabolites in nursery piglets

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pelleting temperature (60°C or 90°C) and the type of sugar source (refined sugar cane or sugar cane molasses), on post-processed diet characteristics and on animal body weight gain, apparent total tract digestibility of energy and nutrient, and blood metabolites. Thirty-two recently-weaned piglets of both sexes were randomly assigned to 1 of the 4 treatments in a 2 (sugar source, refined sugar cane or sugar cane molasses) x 2 (pelleting temperature, 60°C or 90°C) factorial arrangement. The physicochemical characteristics of the diets evaluated were pellet durability index, fine content and starch gelatinization index. After seven days of adaptation, partial fecal samples were collected for apparent digestibility analyses for five days. For weight gain evaluation, the animals were weighed at 28, 35, 40 and 63 days of age. Blood samples were collected at the beginning (28 days) and the end of the experiment (63 days). Data were submitted to variance analysis and the means were compared by the Tukey test. There was interaction between pelleting temperature and sugar source on the pellet durability index, on the fine content and on the starch gelatinization index (P < 0.05) of the diets. Pelletizing at 90°C increased the pellet durability index in treatment with sugar cane molasses. The fine content was reduced in treatments with pelleting temperature at 90°C and increased in treatments with sugar cane molasses. There was an increase of the starch gelatinization index with refined sugar cane at 90°C. There was no interaction between pelleting temperature and sugar source on starch composition of the diets. The pelleting temperature and the type of sugar source did not influence the levels of resistant and non-resistant starch (P > 0.05). The total starch index was higher in treatments using sugar cane molasses. There was no interaction between pelleting temperature and sugar source on nutrient apparent total tract digestibility. The use of sugar cane molasses promoted higher apparent digestibility of gross energy and ash (A), and pelleting at 90°C increased the apparent digestibility of Ca, P and A (P < 0.05). There was interaction between pelleting temperature and sugar source on the gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) enzyme (P < 0.05), where the use of sugar cane molasses reduced GGT levels in the pelleted diet at 60°C. There was no effect of pelleting temperature and the type of sugar source on animal body weight gain, high density cholesterol (HDL), total cholesterol, triglycerides, urea and albumin. Therefore, sugar cane molasses can replace refined sugar cane as the palatable ingredient in the diet of nursery piglets without affecting animal body weight gain and levels of blood metabolites of the animals, promoting greater apparent digestibility of gross energy and ash, although it had altered the physicochemical characteristics of the diet. The use of sugar cane molasses allowed for the exploration of higher pelleting temperatures (90°C) in the feed processing, leading to increasing the apparent digestibility of Ca, P and A of the diets.

Case Study on Varietal Mixed Planting as an Option of Variety Use in Sugarcane in Tanegashima

Case Study on Varietal Mixed Planting as an Option of Variety Use in Sugarcane in Tanegashima

Visceral composition, carcass yield and meat quality parameters of free-range broilers with diets containing different levels of crushed sugarcane

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the visceral composition, cuts, and meat quality of two strains of free-range chickens fed diets containing crushed sugar cane. 448 chickens were distributed at 35 days of age, in two randomized blocks design, in 4x2 factorial, with four levels of replacement in the feed (0; 15; 30 and 45%) by sugarcane and two strains (Pesadão and Label Rouge), in two repetitions per block of fourteen birds per experimental unit. In 30 minutes after slaughter, the parameter a* was higher for animals of the Pesadão strain relation to the Label Rouge lineage. A quadratic effect was observed with increasing levels of sugarcane on the L* parameter of breast meat; and linear effect on parameter b* of the breast skin. Within 24 hours after slaughter, a quadratic effect of sugarcane levels was observed on the b* parameter of the breast meat. The increase in sugarcane levels linearly reduced the weight of heart, liver, chest, thigh plus drumstick, wing, carcass yield and relative heart weight of the animals. A quadratic effect was observed with increase in sugarcane levels over the relative weight of abdominal fat, the lowest fat content was observed in animals that consumed up to 30% of sugarcane in the feed. The use of sugarcane as an alternative feedstuff in up to 45% in the diet maintains the quality of meat and reduces the abdominal fat content, however, decreases the carcass yield.

Competitive use of sugarcane for food, fuel, and biochemical through the environmental and economic factors

Bioethanol demands for transport face uncertainty; additionally, the emergence of electric vehicles is raising concerns among the ethanol producers towards the future demand and viability of the industry. Thus, there is a need to look for new pathways of sugar and ethanol utilization. However, the environmental and economic implications of the existing and proposed systems must be assessed to ensure sustainability. The study aims to evaluate and compare the environmental and economic performances of sugarcane for three new sugar-electricity-polylactic acid (PLA) systems with the existing sugar-electricity-ethanol system. The environmental hotspots of the existing and proposed sugarcane biorefinery systems are investigated and potential measures for enhancing environmental sustainability of the new systems identified. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is used for evaluating the environmental sustainability assessment of the sugarcane biorefinery and the eco-efficiency indicator, combining both the economic and environmental performances. The ReCiPe method with the hierarchist perspective at midpoint and the endpoint levels is used for quantifying the environmental impact scores. The reference unit is a tonne of cane processed at the biorefinery. The eco-efficiency is calculated based on the ReCiPe endpoint single score (“Pt”) and the values in “US$” of products from the different biorefinery systems. The results reveal that the PLA pathways to substitute ethanol and sugar production (PLA scenarios 1–3) can generate product values of about 83–220 US$/t cane processed leading to increased eco-efficiency values for all three PLA scenarios as compared to the existing sugar-electricity-ethanol system. The highest eco-efficiency (22 US$/Pt) is obtained for the pathways of PLA (scenario 3) and sugar-PLA (scenario 2). However, the LCA results show increased environmental impacts for all three PLA biorefinery scenarios. This implies that the new PLA pathways do not lead to “strong” eco-efficiency improvement, i.e., the improvement is not in both environmental and economic dimensions. Recommendations are provided to improve the environmental performances of both the existing and the new PLA biorefinery systems. The sugarcane-based PLA biorefinery could be an option for the case that the existing sugar-electricity-ethanol faces an uncertainty on ethanol demand. Nevertheless, there is a trade-off between the increased environmental impacts and the higher price. Strong eco-efficiency improvement must be encouraged to the sugarcane-based PLA biorefinery systems. Using high-pressure boilers at the mills and changing cultivation practices to avoid the cane trash burning are recommended for the better decoupling of the environmental and economic performance of the sugarcane biorefinery systems.

Producción de caña en México: ¿En qué zonas se debería diversificar su uso para evitar excesos de oferta de azúcar?

The constant trade conflicts between Mexico and the U.S. that have hindered sugar exports and led to the accumulation of inventories justify conducting studies that analyze the diversification of sugarcane uses to avoid a sugar glut. In order to determine, from an economic and logistical point of view, the sugar mills in which the diversification of sugarcane use would be most advisable, a spatial equilibrium model was applied to the sugar market in the 2014/15 harvest. The results indicate that by decreasing total sugar production by 10 % (from 5.98 to 5.38 million t), the national area devoted to sugarcane production would be 687.6 thousand ha (12.2 % reduction) and the San Cristobal, San Nicolas and Plan de Ayala sugar mills located in the states of Veracruz and San Luis Potosi would decrease their sugar production by 276.0, 97.5 and 85.2 thousand t, respectively. The sugarcane area used for sugar production would be reduced by 49.2, 13.0 and 14.5 thousand ha, respectively, at the three aforementioned sugar mills. Considering that the excess supply of sugar lowers prices and the income of producers, it is recommended that the Government promote projects that industrialize the production of sugarcane to obtain products other than sugar; the production of biofuels could be an alternative.

Comparing the chemical composition of dietary fibres prepared from sugarcane, psyllium husk and wheat dextrin

A dietary fibre prepared from sugarcane stalk was compared with psyllium husk and wheat dextrin. In contrast to the other dietary fibres, sugarcane fibre was found to contain significant amounts of insoluble dietary fibre (73–86%), lignin (18.66–20.23%), and rare minerals such as chromium (0.67–2.54 mg/100 g) and manganese (1.07–2.34 mg/100 g). Analysis of the ethanol extract also detected compounds with antioxidant activity. Characterisation of five sugarcane fibres prepared from selected strains, harvest periods (growth or storage phase), and processing conditions showed these factors influenced the final composition. Furthermore, using in vitro digestion, we found that potassium, magnesium, chromium, and zinc in were bioaccessible in sugarcane samples. Also, sodium was shown to bind to the sugarcane fibre potentially indicating bile salt binding activity. Results from this study support the use of sugarcane as a source of dietary fibre in functional foods.

Análise do uso e expansão da cana-de-açúcar na bacia hidrográfica do rio Santo Anastácio utilizando a abordagem de "Landscape Design" (Analysis of sugarcane use and expasion in Santo Anastácio river watershed using the Landscape Design Approach)

Com a crescente demanda e consequente expansão da produção de etanol, é inquestionável a necessidade de avaliar os impactos da produção de cana-de-açúcar sobre a sociedade e o meio ambiente. O conceito de Landscape Design visa a análise sustentável da paisagem levando em consideração aspectos ambientais e socioeconômicos envolvidos na paisagem e sua influência nesta; são planos para alocação de recursos que podem sugerir um caminho para a gestão sustentável da produção do etanol. Neste trabalho foi aplicado uma metodologia de análise espacial utilizando Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG) e o método estatístico de Análise de Componentes Principais para dados Categóricos (ACPCAT) para verificar quais áreas, dentro da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Santo Anastácio, sofreriam com os impactos da mudança de uso da terra causado pelo avanço da cana-de-açúcar nesta região. A área total expandida (3.375,19 ha) foi menor que a área total regredida (3.821,22 ha), significando uma redução de 1,69% da área plantada na região. Porém, quando analisadas separadamente as áreas pouco e muito sensíveis, a regressão sobre a área muito sensível foi de 864,44 ha. Já nas áreas pouco sensíveis ocorreu uma expansão da cultura de cana-de-açúcar de 422,41 ha. Mesmo que a regressão seja maior que a expansão do cultivo de cana-de-açúcar, ela ocorreu nas áreas muito sensíveis, enquanto a maioria da expansão deu-se em áreas pouco sensíveis. Os mapas finais baseados na ACPCAT e a discussão gerada a partir deles são um ponto de partida para políticas públicas sustentáveis. A B S T R A C TWith the increasing demand and consequent expansion of ethanol production, there is an unquestionable need to assess the sugarcane production impacts on society and the environment. The concept of Landscape Design aims at sustainable landscape analysis considering environmental and socioeconomic aspects involved in landscape and their influence on this; it is a plan to resource allocation that may suggest a path to sustainable management of ethanol production. In this article, it is applied a spatial analysis methodology using Geographic Information System (GIS) and the Categorical Principal Component Analysis (CATPCA) statistical method to check which areas, within the watershed of the Santo Anastacio river, suffer with the land use change impacts caused by the advance of sugarcane in this region. Total expanded area (3,374.19 ha) was smaller than the total area regressed (3,821.22 ha), meaning a reduction of 1.69% of the area planted with sugarcane in this area. However, when analyzed between low and very sensitive areas, the regression over the very sensitive area was 864.44 ha. In the less sensitive areas, there was an expansion of the sugarcane crop in 422.41 ha. Even though the regression is greater than the expansion of sugarcane cultivation, it occurred in very sensitive areas, while most of the expansion took place in less sensitive areas. The CATPCA-based final maps and the discussion generated from them are a starting point for sustainable public policies.Keywords: Landscape Design, Geographic Information System (GIS), Categorical Principal Component Analysis (CATPCA), Santo Anastácio River

Field evaluation of AtDREB2A CA overexpressing sugarcane for drought tolerance

AbstractClimate change is undoubtedly altering the atmosphere, occasioning extreme temperatures that can cause weather calamities such as droughts and floods. Among the major constraints limiting crop production, drought is one of the most important. Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrid) is considered an important economic crop not only for sugar production, but also for ethanol generation, serving as an expandable green alternative to crude oil use. To take advantage of the use of sugarcane as renewable source for bioethanol production, it is important to increase its productivity without increasing land use, which includes cultivation under hostile conditions, such as water‐limited environments. Previously, we demonstrated that stress‐inducible overexpression of the transcription factor AtDREB2A CA conferred drought tolerance in sugarcane subjected to water deficit under greenhouse conditions. In the present work, the AtDREB2A CA transgenic sugarcane lines were evaluated in the field in two representative seasonally dry regions of Brazil. The results demonstrated that the AtDREB2A CA sugarcane lines presented higher yield and productivity when compared to non‐transformed plants under drought, representing a suitable strategy for the development of new drought‐tolerant cultivars.

Use of sugarcane\u2013soybean intercropping in acid soil impacts the structure of the soil fungal community

Although sugarcane-soybean intercropping has been widely used to control disease and improve productivity in the field, the response of soil fungal communities to intercropping has not been fully understood. In this study, the rhizosphere fungal communities of sugarcane and soybean under monoculture and intercropping systems were investigated using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of ITS gene. Intercropping decreased the alpha-diversity and changed fungal community composition compared to monocultures. Taxonomic analyses showed that the dominant phyla were Ascomycota, Zygomycota and Basidiomycota. The abundance of Ascomycota decreased in intercropping sugarcane-grown soil compared to monoculture, while it increased in soybean-grown soil in the intercropping system. In addition, intercropping increased the abundance of important fungal genera, such as Trichoderma, Hypocreales and Fusarium but decreased the relative abundance of Gibberella and Chaetomium. The results of canonical correspondence analysis and automatic linear modelling indicated that fungal community compositions were closely associated with soil parameters such as total nitrogen (TN), soil organic matter (SOC), pH and NO3−, which suggests that the impacts of intercropping on the soil fungal community are linked to the alteration of soil chemical properties.

Expansion of the sugarcane industry and its effects on land use in São Paulo: Analysis from 2000 through 2015

Since the turn of the century, Brazilian sugarcane production has increased and the area under sugarcane cultivation has expanded considerably, moves primarily driven by the use of ethanol as a fuel source. The crop’s expansion has impacting land use patterns and employment trends in several of Brazil’s regions. This study assesses the dynamics of land use competition in São Paulo, Brazil, the state responsible for the largest share of sugarcane production and fuel ethanol refining in the country. The assessment employs shift-share analysis carried out in two stages and data from 2000 through 2015. Results indicate that cultivated area dedicated to sugarcane increased dramatically over this period to the detriment not only of pasture areas, as is commonly emphasized in relevant literature, but also of land formerly dedicated to annual and perennial food crops, such as rice, beans, corn, potatoes, cassava, and fruits. The shift in agricultural land use has given rise to three main concerns: (1) land price increases; (2) food price increases; and (3) possible challenges to the use of sugarcane as an economical fuel source. The study analyzed the viability of sugarcane ethanol as a competitive alternative to other energy sources and the risks its use presents to food security. This paper also contains a summary of the "food vs. fuel" debate, adding new elements to refine the discussion.

ANALISIS KOMPARATIF PENDAPATAN USAHATANI TEBU PETANI KKP-E DAN PETANI NON KKP-E (Studi Kasus Desa Bululawang Kecamatan Bululawang Kabupaten Malang)

Sugarcane farming income can be increased by the good application of farming technology and the capital. This study aims to analyze sgarcane farming income between the sugarcane use Kredit Ketahanan Pangan dan Energi (KKP-E) and farmers not utilise of KKP-E. This research take loctions in Bululawang Village Bululawang Subdistrict Malang District purposefully. The determination of sample done by using simple random method. The data collection was done with the interview method, observation, and documentation. The data analysis method used farming analysis and the average different test. The research result show that between the average farming income of KKP-E farmers and non KKP-E farmers don`t have significant difference. This is due to difference componen authors costs farming between KKP-E farmers and non KKP-E farmers only about they take KKP-E or not. So, that the fundamental difference only on the where abouts interest of KKP-E.

Respons Bibit Bud Chips Batang Atas, Tengah, dan Bawah Tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) terhadap Aplikasi Dosis Mulsa Bagasse

There are many benefits of s ugarcane ( Saccharum officinarum L.) as a sugar source to fulfil human staples food . The use of sugarcane b ud chips is one of cultivation technology in order to achieve national sugar self-sufficiency program. B agas s e m ulch kep t soil moisture and increased organic matter in the soil that has positive impact on sugarcne growth. The experiment was conducted in Teaching Farm of the State Polytechnic of Lampung, from November 2015 until April 2016. The experiment us ed Randomized Block Design (R BD ) in factorial pattern, consisting of two factors. The first factor is the treatment of bud chips position consisting of 3 levels i . e . top bud chip, middle bud chip, and bottom bud chips. The second factor is the bagasse mulch treatment consist ing of 4 levels i.e. control, 3 ton.ha -1 , 6 ton.ha -1 , and 9 ton.ha -1 . The objectives of the study were to obtain optimal growth among bud chips, optimal bagasse mulch, and to know the interaction between the bud chips position and the bagasse treatments. The results showed that the top bud chips were better than middle bud chips and bottom bud chips. The optimal rate of bagasse mulch was 3 ton.ha -1 . There was an interaction between the treatment of sugarcane bud chips and mulch bagasse on leaf length and soil moisture growth. Keywords: bagasse mulch, bud chips, sugarcane seedlings Permalink: http://jurnal.polinela.ac.id/index.php/AIP/article/view/648

The current potential of low-carbon economy and biomass-based electricity in Cuba. The case of sugarcane, energy cane and marabu (Dichrostachys cinerea) as biomass sources

The emissions of greenhouse gases stand as a major threat of today. Moving towards CO2 neutral or low-carbon economies is a need to achieve sustainable development. This study assesses the potentialities to move Cuba towards a low-carbon economy by replacing the current electricity mix, dominated by fossil fuel based electricity generation, with biomass-based electricity generation. Because of their significant potential, the study focusses on the use of sugarcane, energy cane and marabu (dichrostachys cinerea) based biomass. Results show that biomass can support over 97% of the electricity generation planned by the Cuban government for 2030. Replacing fossil fuel based electricity with biomass-based electricity today potentially reduces up to 81% of the greenhouse gas emissions as compared to the emission levels of 2012. Implementing biomass-based electricity generation in Cuba can also reduce the costs of electricity generation by 1–30% (depending on the market price of fossil fuels).

Vinasse biogas for energy generation in Brazil: An assessment of economic feasibility, energy potential and avoided CO2 emissions

Energy recovery from waste is one of the strategies that can assist the expansion of renewable energy in Brazil. Among the various types of waste, vinasse, which is a residue that contains a high organic load, originates from the sugarcane industry, which is a very important industry for the Brazilian economy. Due to high levels of sugarcane harvesting in the country and the production of large amounts of ethanol, vinasse is produced at high levels in Brazil. In this context, this paper presents an energy analysis of the avoided carbon dioxide emissions and economic viability associated with the combustion of biogas produced by the anaerobic digestion of the vinasse that results from the use of sugar cane planted in Brazil. Based on the literature review, data related to the process of biogas production from anaerobic digestion of the vinasse were collected and used for the calculation of the energy potential associated. The results show that to achieve economic viability for the use of this waste for energy, the following plantation areas would be required, considering their processed sugarcane equivalents: 14,580 ha (if considering the processing of sugarcane in attached plants), and 6000 ha (if considering the processing of sugarcane in autonomous plants). The total energy potential of this use may reach 3.26 TWhe/y, which represents 0.52% of all domestic energy consumption in 2014. The potential to avoid emissions from the same use could reach 1.9 Mt CO2/y, which is approximately 2.1% of the emissions for the whole industry in Brazil in 2014. These results demonstrate the environmental and energy benefits that can be obtained via power generation from biogas produced by the anaerobic digestion of vinasse and highlight the need to include the use of such residue for energy in expansion plans for the Brazilian energy matrix.

Development of a low-cost cellulase production process using Trichoderma reesei for Brazilian biorefineries

BackgroundDuring the past few years, the first industrial-scale cellulosic ethanol plants have been inaugurated. Although the performance of the commercial cellulase enzymes used in this process has greatly improved over the past decade, cellulases still represent a very significant operational cost. Depending on the region, transport of cellulases from a central production facility to a biorefinery may significantly add to enzyme cost. The aim of the present study was to develop a simple, cost-efficient cellulase production process that could be employed locally at a Brazilian sugarcane biorefinery.ResultsOur work focused on two main topics: growth medium formulation and strain improvement. We evaluated several Brazilian low-cost industrial residues for their potential in cellulase production. Among the solid residues evaluated, soybean hulls were found to display clearly the most desirable characteristics. We engineered a Trichoderma reesei strain to secrete cellulase in the presence of repressing sugars, enabling the use of sugarcane molasses as an additional carbon source. In addition, we added a heterologous β-glucosidase to improve the performance of the produced enzymes in hydrolysis. Finally, the addition of an invertase gene from Aspegillus niger into our strain allowed it to consume sucrose from sugarcane molasses directly. Preliminary cost analysis showed that the overall process can provide for very low-cost enzyme with good hydrolysis performance on industrially pre-treated sugarcane straw.ConclusionsIn this study, we showed that with relatively few genetic modifications and the right growth medium it is possible to produce considerable amounts of well-performing cellulase at very low cost in Brazil using T. reesei. With further enhancements and optimization, such a system could provide a viable alternative to delivered commercial cellulases.

Sugarcane-Biorefinery.

Concepts such as biorefinery and green chemistry focus on the usage of biomass, as with the oil value chain. However, it can cause less negative impact on the environment. A biorefinery based on sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) as feedstock is an example, because it can integrate into the same physical space, of processes for obtaining biofuels (ethanol), chemicals (from sugars or ethanol), electricity, and heat.The use of sugarcane as feedstock for biorefineries is dictated by its potential to supply sugars, ethanol, natural polymers or macromolecules, organic matter, and other compounds and materials. By means of conversion processes (chemical, biochemical, and thermochemical), sugarcane biomass can be transformed into high-value bioproducts to replace petrochemicals, as a bioeconomy model.

ANALISIS PRODUKSI TEBU DAN GULA DI PT. PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA VII (PERSERO)

The study was conducted in Bungamayang District PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VII (Persero), Lampung Province. The objective of this study are: (1) to see the trend of production, productivity and input use of sugarcane and sugar production, (2) to know factors affecting production of sugarcane, (3) to identify factors affecting production of sugar, and (4) to estimate the profit of sugar and molasses. The method used was descriptive quantitative analysis. Sampling location was determined by purposively. The data used are secondary data during 30 years (1984-2013). Trend analysis, multiple linear regression (Cobb-Douglas function), and profit analysis we used in this study. The results of trend analysis show that the production of sugar, sugar productivity, and rendemen has a positive trend, while the number of labour has a negative trend. The result of regression analysis shows that increase in harvested area could increase the production of sugarcane. The result of regression analysis also shows that increase in harvested area, rendemen, and rainfalls could increase the production of sugar, post amalgamation Bungamayang District and PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VII (Persero) could give better sugar production, while the increase in the number of labour would decrease the production of sugar because the number of labour has reached the maximum level. From the results of the study show that the highest profit of sugar and molasses in Bungamayang District PT. Perkebunan Nusantara VII (Persero) is the Ratoon Cane I cropping pattern, followed by Ratoon Cane II, Ratoon Cane III, and the lowest profit obtained in Plant Cane.

Cartografia digital para estimativa de escoamento superficial visando ao planejamento urbano

RESUMO O trabalho foi desenvolvido na Bacia Hidrográfica do Córrego Caçula, município de Ilha Solteira (SP, Brasil), e teve como finalidade estimar o potencial de escoamento superficial com base em metodologias de cartografia apoiadas em técnicas de tratamento digital de dados objetivando baixo custo e rapidez no processo de análise com vistas a subsidiar o planejamento urbano. O método de curva número (CN), desenvolvido pelo Soil Conservation Service (SCS), foi utilizado para determinação do potencial de escoamento superficial combinando informações de uso e ocupação do solo e tipos de solo presentes na bacia. As cartas de uso e ocupação foram produzidas por meio de imagens de satélite dos anos de 2001 e 2009, possibilitando considerar cenário passado e recente para verificar a influência das mudanças de uso do solo no escoamento superficial. Foi possível averiguar que as modificações no uso e na ocupação ocorridas no período resultaram em mudanças nos índices de escoamento superficial, particularmente em função do crescimento da área urbanizada e de plantio de cana-de-açúcar em substituição a pastagens. Os resultados mostraram forte influência do uso do solo nos valores de escoamento obtidos, e as mudanças de uso, sobretudo de pastagem para cultura de cana-de-açúcar, apontaram fortes variações nos valores obtidos. Em geral, os resultados permitiram avaliar potencialidades e limitações para a expansão urbana, indicando áreas carentes de estudos mais detalhados visando à solução de problemas locais.

Cana de açúcar na alimentação de novilhas leiteras: Revisão

This review aims to present how sugarcane is used in the rearing of dairy heifers. Some characteristics related about the culture of sugarcane, such as ease of cultivation, implementation of crop in the dry season, the possibility of self-storage or conservation field, persistence of culture and great production obtained in Brazilian conditions They made it a food of great interest to breeders. Females in growing need an average weight gain that guarantees an age at first calving at twenty-four months old. Will be reported the dairy heifer’s systems, important aspects of heifers’ nutrition, limitations of use of sugarcane for cattle, composition and productivity of sugarcane. The results of different research papers suggest several ways of using sugarcane to obtain satisfactory results as in natural cane, cane with urea, silage cane, hydrolyzed cane and bagasse from sugarcane. Despite the low digestibility of sugarcane and less weight gain for heifers as compared to other feeds, for example, silage corn, sugarcane proved to be a viable alternative for rearing dairy heifers little technicality properties.