Use Of Such Objects Research Articles

Small-sized active phased array antenna for base stations of mobile radio networks in limited deployment conditions

Today, most telecommunications structures are oversaturated with antenna technology. There is a need to use high-rise buildings and facilities that are not equipped for communication. However, the use of such objects imposes a number of restrictions on the installation locations of antenna systems. Thus, the problem arises of developing an antenna system that makes it possible to achieve a circular radiation pattern using small-sized antennas. A model of a small-sized UHF AFAR has been developed. A distinctive feature of this AFAR is the use of a ring active phased antenna array with an electrically controlled radiation pattern as an antenna system. Such solutions have not been used in domestic antenna technology, including military radio communications. The antenna complex is proposed to be used for installation on mobile objects, as well as on the upper platforms of towers and masts to provide a circular radiation pattern in places where it is impossible to implement a ring antenna array around the perimeter of the object.

АВТОРСЬКЕ ПРАВО У ЦИФРОВУ ЕПОХУ: ОСНОВНІ ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ І ЗМІНИ

The article considers the legal analysis of copyright development trends in the digital era. The challenges facing copyright in today's conditions are analyzed. It is proven that the legal regulation of relations regarding the use of intellectual property objects in the digital environment is imperfect, since the legislation in this area objectively does not keep up with the rapid development of technologies. It is substantiated that the improvement of the legal regulation of copyright relations takes place taking into account the trends in the development of intellectual property law. The trends in copyright development determined by digital technologies, which will form the appropriate legal regulation, are identified, which include: the advantage of the digital form of existence of copyright objects; the existence of exclusively digital copyright objects (in particular, a computer program), as well as objects that almost always exist in a digital form (databases, audiovisual works, photographs, etc.), the creation of most copyright objects in digital form with the subsequent possibility of transfer to a paper or other form of expression; the possibility of a quick digitization of copyright objects, etc. It is established that the digital environment causes the creation of new copyright objects, the legal regime of which is not fully defined (video game, multimedia). It is proven that digital objects of copyright (such as computer programs, databases, etc.) need a certain legal regime, which can be achieved by adopting appropriate legislative regulation. It is highlighted that the existence of copyright objects in digital form changes the possibilities of the author and other persons regarding the use of such objects, namely regarding storage, reproduction and modification. It is concluded that almost all copyright objects can be digitized; digitization is a form of use of the work, and must be carried out with the consent of the subject of copyright, who owns property copyright, except for cases of free use of the work, which are provided by law. It is established that due to the possible uncontrolled distribution of digital (and digitized) copyright objects in the digital environment, a «take down notice» procedure was developed. It is substantiated that the tendency of copyright development is to increase the weight of the principle of observing the balance of the interests of authors and the public (private and public interests), in particular, the right holder should not create unjustified obstacles to the use of copyright objects contained in digital form. It is emphasized that another trend in the development of copyright is the need to strengthen international cooperation regarding the adoption of interstate, international acts that will determine the specifics of legal protection of copyright objects outside the country in which these objects were created. It is proven that the fight against piracy in the digital environment takes on new forms of countermeasures, while the main place is given to technical means of protection and the ability to track and detect violators. It is justified that copyright in its development should take into account the significant spread of so-called «free public licenses», which are widely used in the Internet environment (Creative Commons, general public license and others). A significant increase in the role of artificial intelligence (artificial intelligence) as a creator of copyright objects, in relation to which its legal personality arises, was noted.

Accounting of fixed assets of enterprises and analysis of their value in the conditions of armed aggression

Introduction. The armed aggression of the russian federation lead to deterioration of the external environment in Ukraine. In particular, this was manifested in the form of interruptions and stoppages in business activities, damage and destruction of business assets, closure of transport routes and ports, disruptions in supply chains, reduced market demand and high inflation. The mentioned factors mainly had a negative impact on the financial condition and financial results of the enterprises, and, accordingly, on the value of the business and its assets. In the structure of assets, fixed assets were significantly affected: some were destroyed or damaged, some remained in temporarily occupied territories, and for the rest, expectations regarding generating economic benefits from the use of such objects worsened. New challenges caused by armed aggression actualize the revision of approaches and procedures to the accounting of fixed assets, as well as the appraisal and analysis of their value. The purpose of the study is to explore approaches to accounting for fixed assets and analysis of their value in the environment of armed aggression. In particular, the procedures for accounting for fixed assets in case of damage or destruction, property being in a temporarily occupied territory were analyzed, the accounting assessment of fixed assets was considered according to the cost model and the revaluation model, and the change in the value of fixed assets in the event of an impairment and revaluation of assets was also analyzed. Method (methodology). The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was made up of scientific research by Ukrainian and foreign scientists, methodology standards, practical comments, and recommendations of experts. A literature review indicates that the topic of the impact of armed aggression on the approach to the accounting of fixed assets of enterprises in Ukraine is not new, but not sufficiently studied. In the article, the methods of systematization and generalization were used when studying practical recommendations of experts, induction and deduction when studying the peculiarities of the accounting of fixed assets for various consequences of armed aggression (damage, destruction, location in the occupied territory), analysis and synthesis when studying the accounting models of fixed assets and analysis the value of objects according to these models in the environment of armed aggression. Results. According to the study, the authors came to the conclusion that the issue of identification and accounting of fixed assets located in the temporarily occupied territories is not fully resolved and is contrary to international accounting and financial reporting standards. In particular, the authors proposed possible solutions to this issue, such as assigning fixed assets in temporary occupation to separate groups of accounts or off-balance sheet accounts and ceasing deprecation of such assets. An important accounting consequence of armed aggression is the need to determine depreciation or revaluation of fixed assets, depending on the chosen accounting model. In the conditions of armed aggression, the implementation of such procedures is complicated by the need to update business plans, develop scenarios of cash flow forecast, incorporate additional risks of war in the discount rate.

IS FEATURES OF THE LEGAL REGIME OF WATER FACILITIES USED FOR THE NEEDS OF HYDRO POWER

The article examines the features of the legal regime of water bodies used for hydropower. The water potential of the state is the natural basis of its economic development, social and environmental well-being. One of the main consumers of water resources is hydropower, which is one of the most promising areas of alternative energy. It was found that the category of legal regime occupies a special place in the system of legal regulation of public relations. It lays the foundations for the use and protection of water resources in general and water bodies used for hydropower in particular, taking into account the general and specific features inherent in legal regimes. It is established that Art. 66 of the Water Code of Ukraine is devoted to the peculiarities of special water use and use of water bodies for hydropower needs, but the provisions of this article do not disclose all features of the legal regime of water use for such purposes, and its practical significance is limited due to its reference to other water, land, tax legislation, technical regulations, etc. The legal regime of water bodies used for hydropower needs is characterized by such elements as ownership, management in the field of use and protection of water bodies, their legal protection, legal regulation of the use of such objects, legal liability for violations of the law in in this area, etc. The special features are that the use of water bodies for the needs of hydropower is carried out for a fee without a permit, without the removal of water resources from the water body, is indefinite. Water users are obliged to: adhere to the established rules of operation of reservoirs, conditions of special water use, modes of accumulation and operation of water reserves, environmental requirements; take measures to reduce water consumption (especially drinking); to ensure the regimes of fluctuations of water levels in the upper and lower reaches and the passage of water through hydroelectric power stations, uninterrupted passage of vessels and fish to spawning grounds in accordance with the projects of fish pass structures, etc.

Peculiarities of voluntary collective management of property copyrights and (or) related rights: normative legal regulation and practice of its implementation

The article is devoted to the research of the peculiarities of voluntary collective management of property copyrights and (or) related rights, normative legal regulation of the specified sphere of relations and practice of its implementation. The requirements to the organizations which can carry out voluntary management, and also the legal bases of acquisition by them of the rights to implementation of such management are analyzed. The differences between voluntary and extended and compulsory collective management are established. During the research, the following conclusions are made: After the adoption of the special Law of Ukraine “On effective management of property rights of copyright holders in the field of copyright and (or) related rights” voluntary management has become one of the three types of collective management; Its implementation takes place on a contractual basis exclusively in respect of property rights, which are transferred by the right holders to the management and included in the relevant catalogs of organizations; Voluntary management is carried out by a public association with the status of a legal entity, registered in a non-profit institution, founded exclusively by right holders, whose activities are aimed at collective management of property rights to copyright and (or) related rights; Areas covered by voluntary management include all areas except those designated for compulsory and extended management. Moreover, the spheres of voluntary and extended management may overlap; An important guarantee for the right holder is the introduction by the legislator of the right to revoke property rights from management in whole or in part. Thus, a competitive market between organizations is formed. This will increase their efficiency; To restore the definition of a collective management agreement, which was removed from the law on copyright but not included in the law on effective management, we propose to supplement Art. 1 by the specified definition. Accordingly, the collective management agreement is proposed to be understood as an agreement that regulates the relationship between right holders and relevant collective management organizations, which authorize managers to act on their behalf in relations with users of the objects of intellectual activity on: approval of the amount of remuneration, conclusion of agreements with users on the use of rights transferred to management; collection, distribution and payment of the collected remuneration for the use of such objects to the right holders whose rights they manage; taking actions necessary to protect the rights managed by the organization of collective management, including going to court to protect the rights of right holders in accordance with the statutory powers and instructions. Further development of research in the field of voluntary governance may involve a clearer definition of the legal and procedural status of organizations that manage rights.

Props as visual arguments in the political speeches of Binyamin Netanyahu

ABSTRACT This paper deals with objects that serve as props in political speeches, and examines their role as carriers of symbolic meaning that is constructed during a performance enacted in a political space. It focuses on the use of such objects as rhetorical arguments in three speeches by Israeli Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu: “the bomb speech,” “the drone-wreckage speech” and the “binder speech.” In each of these political speeches, the initial introduction of the object serves as a declarative act of coronation. This declaration imbues the object with symbolic meaning that relates to reality on several levels: it can serve as a visual metaphor, as a metonym, as a concrete illustration of an abstract concept, or an exhibit or evidence that a certain event took place. The relations between the prop and the spoken text and its rhetoric are discussed in order to trace the unique properties of the multimodal array of arguments that the “crowned” object constructs. The unique characteristics of the objects serve to echo and accentuate the identity and worldview of the speaker, but may also give rise to meanings that undermine the speaker’s intention.

SELECTION OF INVESTMENT PROJECTS IMPLEMENTATION OPTIONS

The main unresolved issues of choosing the most effective investment projects aimed at introducing innovative technologies have been considered. The traditional indicators of investment efficiency have been analysed. The expediency of using the indicator of the total reduced costs necessary for the implementation of the project has been substantiated. Attention has been paid to the possibilities of public-private partnership in innovation projects. The issues of shares distribution between participants in innovation and investment projects and the use of such objects have been reviewed. The current situation in the investment and construction sector of the economy has been assessed and ways to solve the main problems of investment activity in the construction industry have been outlined. The expediency of creating a mechanism for economic justification of the investment project implementation process, including the creation of reserve funds, has been substantiated. Recommendations for using the indicator of the of the investor’s total stated costs have been given.

Some Peculiarities of Isotopic Materials Science

The present status of the isotopetronics and its future application is briefly overviewed. Over of last five decades a great number of stable isotopes and well – developed method of their separation has made it possible to date to grow crystals of C, LiH, ZnO, ZnSe, CuCl, GaN, GaAs, CdS, Cu2 O, Si, Ge, α-Sn as well as graphene with a controllable isotopic composition. The use of such objects allows the investigate of not only the isotope effects in diffusion and lattice dynamics (vibrational, elastic and thermal properties) but also the influence of such effects on the electronic states via electron – phonon coupling (the renormalization of the band – to – band transition energy Eg as well as the exciton binding energy Eb) as well as strong nuclear force influence on elementary excitations. The thermal conductivity enhancement in the isotopically enriched materials amounts (C, Ge, Si) to almost 10% at room temperature and is close to a factor of six at the thermal conductivity maximum around 20K (Si-case). The change in the lattice constant is ∆a/a~10-3-10-4, while the change ∆cik in the elastic constants amounts to several percent. Very pronounced and general effects of isotope substitution are observed in phonon spectra. The scattering lines in isotopically mixed crystals are not only shifted (the shift of LO lines exceeds 100 cm-1) but are also broadened. Capture the thermal neutrons by isotope nuclei followed by nuclei decay produces new elements in a very large number of possibilities for isotope selective doping of different materials. Although the technology of isotopic materials science is still in its infancy, it is necessary underline that it has a very wide applications: beginning from optical fibre technology still modern development in isotope information storage and isotope quantum computers.

Jefferson on Display: Attire, Etiquette, and the Art of Presentation by G. S. Wilson

Reviewed by: Jefferson on Display: Attire, Etiquette, and the Art of Presentation by G. S. Wilson Elizabeth Cook (bio) Jefferson on Display: Attire, Etiquette, and the Art of Presentation. By G. S. Wilson. (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2018. Pp. 308. $29.50 cloth; $29.50 paper) In Jefferson on Display, G. S. Wilson explores Thomas Jefferson's use of material culture to create and manage his public image (p. 4). This ultimately created two contradictory personas: the cosmopolitan Francophile and the American man of the people. Jefferson then deployed these personas strategically to forward the United States' position on the global stage and his own ambitions for the young nation. Jefferson on Display follows Jefferson through his time as a foreign minister, secretary of state, vice president, president, and retired sage of Monticello. This temporal framework emphasizes the decades when [End Page 334] Jefferson's public appearance was most notable and most important. Wilson dedicates two chapters to each of these periods, which allows him to explore the inherent tensions (cosmopolitan/yeoman or Jefferson's actions/outside observations) of Jefferson's choices. These tensions are strongest in the earlier chapters, where Wilson matches Jefferson's personal archive against outside commentary, such as when Wilson uses Jefferson's accounts to track how Jefferson adapted his personal economy to the needs of the French Court and contrasts those accounts with commentary offered on his appearance and behavior. This tension dissipates in later chapters, as Wilson relies more heavily on others' observations of Jefferson without the balancing effect of Jefferson's own thoughts. Over time, Jefferson slowly becomes less central to his own performances, while friends, colleagues, enemies, and artists take on increasing roles in structuring the Jefferson on display. The role of slavery in enabling Jefferson to create and maintain his various personas receives minimal treatment in Wilson's analysis. The institution of slavery and the labor of enslaved individuals not only funded Jefferson's cosmopolitanism but also enabled him to consistently display it. James Hemmings, trained in France as a chef, created the sophisticated meals served at Jefferson's table at Monticello. Jupiter Evans, once Jefferson's valet then his hostler, cared for the horses Jefferson so prized. These enslaved individuals, and numerous others, played a prominent role in Jefferson's ability to maintain his material world and their efforts warrant a deeper consideration than Wilson offers. The strongest element of Jefferson on Display is undoubtedly Wilson's material culture analysis. Cut, color, and fabric choice all played roles in Jefferson's sartorial strategies, whether he sought to adhere to the rules of the French court, shape a new political office, or mildly offend his visitors. Even something so simple as shoelaces became a signifier of Jefferson's predilection for innovation and his attempts to incorporate American society into a global culture through the use of such objects. The material cultural analysis is equally strong in Wilson's readings of images of Jefferson. The use of sets, props, and color [End Page 335] choices varied by artist and by presumed audience, but each artist who took Jefferson's likeness deployed material culture as a way to tie Jefferson to a particular political moment. This either cemented his association with that moment, such as Trumbull's The Declaration of Independence, or forwarded his ambitions, as in Tiebout's and Edwin's 1801 engravings of Jefferson as the newly elected president. G. S. Wilson's Jefferson on Display offers an intriguing approach to an enigmatic individual. By focusing on the material realities of Jefferson's life, the man himself takes on a dimensionality that humanizes him while also offering insights into the cunning potential of his mind. The tight focus on Jefferson allows Wilson to dive deeply into the source material and provide readers with insights into the choice and meaning of the objects Jefferson chose to use to strengthen his position in the young American republic and to strengthen the republic's position on the global stage. Elizabeth Cook ELIZABETH COOK is an architectural historian for the Nevada Department of Transportation. She is currently researching the construction history of Virginia's public buildings. Copyright © 2020 Kentucky Historical Society

Enhancing semantic image retrieval with limited labeled examples via deep learning

With the rapid growth of the Internet, a large number of multi-modal objects such as images and their social tags can easily be downloaded from the Web. The use of such objects can improve training process in the presence of few or limited number of labeled images provided. In order to leverage these unlabeled and labeled multi-modal Web objects for enhancing the performance of unimodal image retrieval, we propose a novel approach called Semi-supervised Multi-concept Retrieval to semantic image retrieval via Deep Learning (SMRDL) in this paper. Differing from conventional methods that use multiple and independent concepts in a semantic multi-concept query, our proposed approach regards multiple concepts as a holistic scene for multi-concept scene learning of unimodal retrieval. In particular, we first train a multi-modal Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) as a concept classifier for images and texts, and then use it to annotate unlabeled Web images. For each of unlabeled images, we then obtain its most relevant concept annotations by using a new strategy of annotation promotion. Finally, we employ a unimodal visual CNN to train a concept classifier in visual modality, which uses both unlabeled and labeled examples for concept learning of unimodal retrieval. The results of our comprehensive experiments on two datasets of MIR Flickr 2011 and NUS-WIDE have shown that our proposed approach outperforms several state-of-the-art methods.

Speaking through the things of their lives: writing a memoir with my parents’ melancholy objects

In the process of writing my memoir about living with my adoptive parents, I have had to reconstruct their lives through the objects and things that they left behind. Our communication as a family – I was an only child – was fractured, difficult, sometimes non-existent. They kept secrets and spoke little about certain key aspects of their lives so that I knew little about them; this became clear after the death of my adoptive mother in 2001, when I discovered letters, documents, and a series of other objects that not only filled in gaps about their lives, but also told new stories. The photograph has been referred to as a ‘melancholy object’ by both Barthes and Sontag, and discussed as such by Gibson, and there is a photo of my parents in the 1950s, laughing together on their motor-boat, for which this description resonates. It is both my favourite image of them and an impossible contradiction, as I knew them only long after that time, when things had become more difficult, the boat had gone, and with it, seemingly, their happiness. This paper will discuss the use of such objects in the writing of memoir, with reference to my own experience and that of other adoptees in writing memoir.

Review: From Ornament to Object: Genealogies of Architectural Modernism, by Alina Payne

Alina Payne From Ornament to Object: Genealogies of Architectural Modernism New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2012, 360 pp., 62 color and 108 b/w illus. $80 (cloth), ISBN 9780300175332 As Alina Payne explains, From Ornament to Object “is not a book about industrial design. It is about architecture and Kleinarchitektur , about furniture and small portable objects” (21). It is also not a book about the design or use of such objects; rather, it is concerned with how, beginning in the nineteenth century, these objects motivated theoretical questions of style and form. Through textual sources, Payne traces the rhetorical decline of ornament in relation to the rise of everyday objects in art and architectural theories from the German-speaking countries of Europe. The primary interlocutors include well-known heroes of modernism Le Corbusier, Adolf Loos, and Hermann Muthesius, as well as Gottfried Semper, Heinrich Wolfflin, Alois Riegl, August Schmarsow, and Aby Warburg, in addition to lesser-known figures such as Ernst Kapp, Richard Streiter, and Cornelius Gurlitt. By revealing their links through shared teachers, publications, and language, Payne argues against a normative historiography, which has long placed Adolf Loos's 1908 Ornament and Crime at the beginning of modernism's narrative, privileging functionalism and structure as the highest values of architecture. She masterfully demonstrates the enmeshed themes and intersecting threads in their texts, aggregating a diversity of objects from armor to altars, tattoos to tureens, column capitals to chairs, and typewriters to trunks. These objects and the texts that deployed them in their formulations about style were both product and productive of Sachkultur , the culture of objects. A term that emerged in the nineteenth century within the context of European industrialization and the concomitant emergence of a consuming bourgeoisie, Sachkultur characterized objects less by their luxury status and more by their scale and mobility. Thus, in an effort to outline a theory of style, a dialectic was conceived insofar as objects were placed in relation …

Multidisciplinary collaboration as a loosely coupled system: Integrating and blocking professional boundaries with objects

In this paper, the concept of loosely coupled systems is applied to describe multidisciplinary collaboration in healthcare. It is further argued that tools employed in collaborative activities may be regarded as object components of such a system. Drawing on observational studies and interviews of a group of health professionals from different disciplines collaborating on breast cancer, it is argued that differences in use of such objects may either inhibit or encourage cross-boundary collaboration. This effect is influenced by how the meanings of these objects vary between participants in the collaborative interaction. Meaning variation allows for more integration across boundaries, while meaning immutability may block the same boundaries. This finding is important for multidisciplinary contexts, adding new knowledge to the important quest for integrating relationships across professional boundaries.

Supporting lock-free synchronization in Pfair-scheduled real-time systems

We consider the use of lock-free techniques for implementing shared objects in real-time Pfair-scheduled multiprocessor systems. Lock-free objects are more economical than locking techniques when implementing relatively simple objects such as buffers, stacks, queues, and lists. However, the use of such objects on real-time multiprocessors is generally considered impractical due to the need for analytical real-time guarantees. In this paper, we explain how the quantum-based nature of Pfair scheduling enables the effective use of such objects on real-time multiprocessors and present analysis specific to Pfair-scheduled systems. In addition, we show that analytical improvements can be obtained by using such objects in conjunction with group-based scheduling techniques. In this approach, a group of tasks is scheduled as a single entity (called a supertask in the Pfair literature). Such grouping prevents tasks from executing simultaneously, and hence from executing in parallel. Consequently, grouping tasks can improve the worst-case scenario with respect to object contention. Grouping also enables the use of less costly uniprocessor algorithms when all tasks sharing an object reside within the same group. We illustrate these optimizations with a case study that focuses on shared queues. Finally, we present and experimentally evaluate a simple heuristic for grouping tasks in order to reduce object contention. Though the analysis presented herein focuses specifically on Pfair-scheduled systems, the observations and techniques should be applicable to other quantum-scheduled systems as well.

Review Article

Over the last five decades, the isotope effect has been one of the major research in solids. Most of the physical properties of a solid depend to a greater or lesser degree on its isotopic composition. Scientific interest, technological promise and increased availability of highly enriched isotopes have led to a sharp rise in the number of experimental and theoretical studies with isotopically controlled semiconductor and insulator crystals. A great number of stable isotopes and well-developed methods of their separation has made it possible to date to grow crystals of C, LiH, ZnO, ZnSe, CuCl, GaN, GaAs, CdS, Cu2O, Si, Ge and α-Sn with a controllable isotopic composition. The use of such objects allows the investigation of not only the isotope effects in lattice dynamics (vibrational, elastic and thermal properties) but also the influence of such effects on the electronic states via electron–phonon coupling (the renormalization of the band-to-band transition energy Eg, the exciton binding energy EB and the size of the longitudinal–transverse splitting ΔLT). The thermal conductivity enhancement in the isotopically enriched materials amounts (C; Ge; Si) to almost 10% at room temperature and is close to a factor of six at the thermal conductivity maximum around 20 K (Si-case). The change in the lattice constant is Δa/a∼10-3–10-4, while the change δcik in the elastic constants amounts to several percent. The nonlinear dependence of the free exciton luminescence (especially Cx1312C1-x, LiHxD1-x) intensity on the excitation density allows to consider these crystals as potential solid-state lasers in the UV part of the spectrum. Isotopic information storage may consist in assigning the information ‘zero’ or ‘one’ to mono-isotopic microislands (or even to single atoms) within a bulk crystalline (or thin film) structure. Isotope information storage and isotope quantum computers are briefly discussed.

The “Stump-jumpers:” National Identity and the Mythology of Australian Industrial Design in the Period 1930–1975

Introduction Stump-jump plows, Sunshine harvesters, Ford and Holden utes (pick-up trucks), Victa lawn mowers, Hills Hoists—even if these objects are unknown to an international audience, they are celebrated by Australians to the point that they have become interwoven with the national identity. Most visible in the public’s recent awareness of Australian design objects has been the 1988 Bicentennial and 2000 Olympic Games festivals which have used certain design objects as emblems of what it is to be Australian. Smaller events such as the earlier 1996 Adelaide Festival also made use of such objects—in this case an image of a Hills Hoist rotary clothesline was used in its official publicity poster. Despite this public interest, specific books on the activity of industrial design in Australia have been few. While many general art books have included a few pages on the subject of Australian designed objects, a certain pattern has emerged—some design objects are celebrated, while others are ignored. This paper asks why. A review of historical and contemporary writings has suggested a list of myths that reveal how Australians have chosen to view themselves, and how industrial design has helped define perceptions of the Australian character.

Sly Chicks and Troublemakers: Car Stickers, Nonsense and the Allure of Strangeness

This paper examines the use of personalised car stickers as forms of appropriation that textualise the car. The use of such objects raises the question of how we make sense of other people's appropriations. Rather than see these as texts to be decoded, however, this paper argues that the significance of an increasing number of these stickers lies in their resistance to interpretation. As tactics of nonsense, they threaten the coherence of systems of discourse. This has particular resonance for analysing the growing use of sexually aggressive stickers by young women. The paper suggests that many stickers, despite their triviality, provide an allure of strangeness. Against current theoretical preoccupations with the anxieties around otherness, we suggest that these stickers attempt to allay the anxieties around banality.

Homotopy coherent category theory and A∞-structures in monoidal categories

We consider the theory of operads and their algebras in enriched category theory. We introduce the notion of simplicial A ∞-graph and show that some important constructions of homotopy coherent category theory lead by a natural way to the use of such objects as the appropriate homotopy coherent counterparts of the categories.

Les objets des adolescents

Objects of adolescence - After having distinguished three psychic functions of objects (reality objects, psychic objects and me objects) the author sets out to demonstrate the importance for the subject in question, i. e the adolescent, of real objects. Using examples (the fate of objects of delinquency, the importance of objects which make up the •look”, the pathos or success of objects created by the adolescent) he stresses the need to pay attention to the relation of the adolescent towards these various objects, for at a time when words become acts, it is through the use of such objects that the adolescent clearly expresses his innermost subjective position.

KNOs: KNowledge acquisition, dissemination, and manipulation Objects

Most object-oriented systems lack two useful facilities: the ability of objects to migrate to new environments and the ability of objects to acquire new operations dynamically. This paper proposes Knos, an object-oriented environment that supports these actions. Knos' operations, data structures, and communication mechanisms are discussed. Knos objects “learn” by exporting and importing new or modified operations. The use of such objects as intellectual support tools is outlined. In particular, various applications involving cooperation, negotiation, and apprenticeship among objects are described.